Introduction to software engineering (ise)

8/13/2019 Introduction to software engineering (ise)

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NAME: TULASINATAN S/O MUTHUALAGU (TP026049)

INTAKE CODE: UCD2F1209 DIT (SE)

SUBJECT: INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (AAPP003-3-2)

PROJECT TITLE: ONLINE BUS RESERVATION SYSTEM

DUE DATE: 23 TH SEPT 2013

LECTURER:


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Contents

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 3

OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................................................................... 3

SCOPE .............................................................................................................................................................. 3

SCHEDULE PLANNING .......................................................................................................................................... 4

GANTT CHART .................................................................................................................................................. 4

PROBLEM DEFINITION ......................................................................................................................................... 5

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................... 7

LOGICAL DESIGN .................................................................................................................................................. 8

CONTEXT DIAGRAM ......................................................................................................................................... 8

Level-0 DFD ...................................................................................................................................................... 9

ERD DESIGN ................................................................................................................................................... 10

TABLE DESIGN ................................................................................................................................................ 11

PHYSICAL DESIGN .............................................................................................................................................. 12

TESTING ............................................................................................................................................................. 19

SYSTEM TESTING ........................................................................................................................................... 19

INTEGRATION TESTING .................................................................................................................................. 19

UNIT TESTING ................................................................................................................................................ 19

TEST PLAN .......................................................................................................................................................... 20SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................................................................... 22

CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 26

REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................................... 27


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INTRODUCTION

MRT Online Bus Reservation System is Windows based application that works within centralized

network. The software program MRT Online Bus Reservation System provides bus transportation

system, a facility to reserved seats, cancellation of seats and different types of enquiry which need an

instant and quick reservation. MRT Online Bus Reservation System is built for manage and

computerize the traditional database, ticket booking and tracking bus and travel made easy. It

maintains all datas of user, bus details, reservation details, booking details, customer details.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this project is to upgrade the system which can help them to solve the issues that

they facing in recent system. To produce the system successful, its necessary to achieve the

following objective in the assignment.

Ensure that the new system is going to meet the requirement of the customers helping theinvolvement of customers during the development of the system.

Provide a best solution and proper design for the system with a minimum of cost andtimes.

Upgrade the system and implementations of system which can help to handle thebusiness operation of delivery and meet the customersrequirements.

SCOPE

Save the fuss of having to go to coach counters to purchase your tickets. Enjoy the convenience of our one-stop portal for your traveling needs. Save your time of joining a long queue to buy ticket. Purchasing process is fast and easy. Choose your seat online.


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SCHEDULE PLANNING

A Project Plan sets out the phases, activities and tasks needed to deliver a project. The timeframes

required delivering the project, along with the resources and milestones are also shown in the Project

Plan. Using thisproject plan Template, you can quickly and easily create a comprehensive Project

Management Plan for your project, as it already lists the commonly used tasks needed to complete

projects from start to finish.

GANTT CHART


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PROBLEM DEFINITION

MRT Bus Agency is a domestic privatized transportation company that runs the vehicles all over the

country. They have several branches at different locations of the country, so that they can provide

the transportation facilities between the places. They want an desktop application to be developed,

where the details of the bookings done and the customer will be updated from time to time and user

can track the details of the available seats immediately. We also learned that there are some

insufficient main problem that can affect agency revenues and the demand to resolve immediately.

Defining the problem is one of the important activities of the project. The aim is to precisely define

the problem to be resolved, and therefore determine the scope of the new system. So help us define

the goal to be achieved and the system boundaries. A clear understanding of the problems will help

us build a better system and reduce the chance of project failure. It additionally specifies the

resources that have to be made available to the project.

These problems are listed as below:

1. Heavy Paper WorkloadsMRT Bus Agency booking serviceis currently operation on a manual system. There are a lot

of papers work needs to be encompassed so it is incredible and time consuming. As the data

entry process is completed in manually, it makes a lot of wastages seized locale and cause many

errors such as data redundancy. As well that, price of creation and operation also is high because

of high usage of paper.

2. Poor Customers Tracking SystemSince all data are recorded in paper, it reasons a workers to use a lot of period to find the clients

details. After a new customer calls there will be an supplementary procedure to record down the

whole new customers info for upcoming use. If the customers data is lost, the staffs demand to

record once more the present customers data and this consumes lot of period also.

Supplementary than this, after the customer wants to change her/his order, there is always a long

procedure to go that starts from the beginning.


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3. Difficulty in CommunicationWhen the customer calls for booking, there might be some problem that may affect the

communication between the staff and the customer which eventually leads to contact barrier. For

example, there might be some miscommunication between the customer and the workers which

are caused by the surroundings noises while a staff receiving the call. This can cause the wrong

booking to be seized place.

4. Coach company and SeatsThis problem occurs when customers booking the ticket from phone call. Customers wont be

able to choose their seats they would want to book and also their coach company.


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REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

Requirement analysis is the survey and planning of the system and project, the study and analysis of

the existing business and information system, and the definition of business requirements and

priorities for a new or improved system. There are few types of requirements like user requirements,

client requirements, business requirements, arrangement requirements, interface requirements, and

technical requirements (functional and non functional).

A Functional Requirement is a requirement that, when satisfied, will allow the user to perform some

kind of function. A Non-Functional Requirement is usually some form of constraint or restriction

that must be considered when designing the solution.

Functional Non-Functional

Customer will be able to print the list ofavailable bus

Time taken to loading the website willbe lesser.

Customer will be able to view thepromotions and discounts.

Quality attributes of the system

Customers will be able to check the busdetails, prices.

Function performed based on businessneeds

Calculations of the charges and thereimbursements are to be implemented

by the application alone.

All the transactions made are securedusing SSL protocol as the minimum

requirement.

Customer can be sent their feedback toagency via system

The system can process 15,000 ticketsbooking per hour.

Customer can print out their ticketsfrom the system.

Customer can operate major functionswithout training or assistance.

Customer has to download and installthe system once in their device after the

registration.

System will automatically update whencustomer open the system application.


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LOGICAL DESIGN

CONTEXT DIAGRAM


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Level-0 DFD


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ERD DESIGN

Customer

PK Username

PasswordFirstName

LastName

EmailAddress

Staff

PK StaffID

Password

FirstName

LastName

EmailAddress

Reservation

PK Ways

Time

Destination

Depart

Return

Coach company

Bus

Pax


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TABLE DESIGN


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This is where the customer will search for the available bus for their journey.


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This page will provide the available bus list, so the customer can choose by his/her own depends on

the suitable time for them.


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After customer choose the bus, he/she can reserve the seat by their own


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This is the booking summary page which that makes sure all the information is whether correct or

not. If no, they can cancel the booking.


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This is the payment page, where customer can make their payment.


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This is the reservation report page. Furthermore, customer has to print their tickets at here.


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TESTING

Software testing is the process of evaluation a software item to detect differences between given

input and expected output. Also to assess the feature of A software item. Testing assesses the quality

of the product. Software testing is a process that should be done during the development process. In

other words software testing is a verification and validation process.

SYSTEM TESTING

System testing is actually a series of different tests whose sole purpose is to exercise the full

computer based system. System testing falls under the black box testing category of software testing.

White box testing is the testing of the internal workings or code of a software application. In

contrast, black box or system testing is the opposite. System testing involves the external workings

of the software from the user's perspective.

INTEGRATION TESTING

Testing in which modules are combined and tested as a group. Modules are typically code modules,

individual applications, client and server applications on a network, etc. Integration Testing follows

unit testing and precedes system testing.

UNIT TESTING

Functional and reliability testing in an engineering environment. Producing tests for the behavior of

components of a product to ensure their correct behavior prior to system integration.


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TEST PLAN

Welcome page

Test Case Expected Result Actual Result

Click on Enter Goes to the schedule form As Expected

Feedback


Click on Home Go back to the welcome page As Expected

Click on Exit Exit the program As Expected

Schedule


Enter the journey details,

departure and return time,

date, cabin selection, busselection, currency and

number of passenger. Click

Search

Data successfully recorded.

Goes to the next form seats.

As Expected

Schedule Result


Select a bus from the scheduleresult. Click next

Goes to the next form seats. As Expected

Seats


Select a seat. Click Next Data successfully recorded.

Goes to the next form details.

As Expected


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Booking Summary


All details will appear in orderto wait confirmation.

Data confirmation. Goes to thenext form payment.

As Expected

Click on cancel Goes back to schedule form As Expected

Payment


Fill in payment card details.Click proceed

Data verification. Goes to thenext form Report.

As Expected

Click on cancel Goes back to bookingsummary form

As Expected

Report


All data is ready to be printed Data successfully entered intothe database

As Expected


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SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

The implementation phase is described as those activities that begin when the system design has

been completed. These phases are producing software code according to plan, analysis and system

design that have been done. Coding and debugging is the act of creating the final system. The

requirements documentation should be referred to throughout the rest of the system development

process to ensure the developing project aligns with the needs and requirements or scope. The

system also is tested to evaluate its actual functionality in relation to expected or intended

functionality. In order to have a computerized system, MRT Agency would have to buy some

hardware and software equipments to support the new system. Below are the necessary hardware

requirements:

Necessary Hardware:

I. Acer Desktop ComputerII. IBM System x3100 M4

III. Microsoft wireless desktop 2000 Keyboard & MouseIV. TP-Link DSL-520B Modem RoutersV. Epson DFX-9000 A3 Mono Dot matrix

VI. TM Unifi


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PERFORMANCE

The letter P from the first letter of P.I.E.C.E.S stands for Performance. It provides the ability of

system can be done and provides the effectiveness for business. Performance is a very important key

factor in business as it provides enough sufficient throughput and response time. After conducting

an investigation, we had received some feedback from the customers complaining about some of the

services which make them disappointed. The service is poor in terms of receiving and taking down

orders. As the MRT Bus Agency is using the manual method to record down the customer details

and booking details, at times it is hard to find back the selected information. There are a lot of papers

work needs to be encompassed so it is incredible and time consuming, it makes a lot of wastages

seized locale and cause many errors such as data redundancy. With a computerized system that we

are proposing, it would be much efficient to the company and customers would be contented with

the services provided by MRT Bus Agency. Besides that, MRT Bus Agency doesnt have an online

bus reservation system website. If customers would want to book their seats, it would be impossible

as MRT Bus Agency doesnt have a computerized system. With our proposed system, customers

will be able to view the select bus and seats by their own.

INFORMATION

The letter I from the second letter of P.I.E.C.E.S stands for Information. Information hereby

means that the system generated is useful and accurate. In other words, it means that the system can

run the information accurately and in an efficient way. MRT Bus Agency admin say that human

errors are taking place while storing data in the manual way. Besides that, the data recovery and

back up for every transaction that happens, it is hassling them in a way that when a customer calls

back to request on changing their booking made, the staff have to put the customer on hold and run

through a quantity of files to find their specific booking and make changes to it. This is time

consuming. With implementing the new proposed system, the data will be stored systematically in

the system database, which means the requested information can easily be retrieved into a relevant

format. Apart from it, the data stored in the system would be secured, accurate, and easy to access

compared to the current manual system. The system would be able to automatically generate sales

report so that it would be easy for the manager to check back on the transactions that happen.

Adding to it, customer would be able to cancel and make new booking if they want to.


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ECONOMIC

The letter E from the third letter of P.I.E.C.E.S stands for Economic. MRT Bus Agency economic

shows the analysis whether the cost of current system is cost effectiveness and it is an affordable

cost for the company. In the current system, there are some weaknesses about the inconsistency with

the cost as the current (manual) system cannot make use of the resource to the maximum. If the new

proposed system is implemented, these costs can be effectively reduced. Since the computerized

booking system is able to replace most of the manual work, it will cut down a great number of man

power needed, time, the stationary, and salaries of reduced workers. Because of the accuracy and

consistency of the data provided by the system, it helps to avoid from unpredicted errors that can

cause high cost of the recovery for the errors.

CONTROL

The letter C from the third letter of P.I.E.C.E.S stands for Control. It has the meaning of how a

system can manage the information, secures the information that has been store in their database and

how a system provides fraud cases from. A good computerized system should able to help the

owners to prevent from hacking, viruses attack and fraud cases by providing a better security system.

Currently in the system, the level of security and control is low since the storage of data is facing the

issue of loss and the stored data will be inconsistent in separate files which cause by redundantly

stored. With the new computerized system, the security will be much better as important data and

information can be easily stored inside different types of electronic devices. In order to solve these

issues, certain measure of control must be taken within the system. With the help of powerful

security features such as user name and password databases are made inaccessible by unauthorized

persons and viruses. Some patrolling programs are embedded inside the system for checking the

inconsistency or irregularity of the system and its data.


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EFFICIENCY

The letter E from the third letter of P.I.E.C.E.S stands for Efficiency. It explains that MRT Bus

Agency needed an automated system to run her business smoothly. The ability of the system to make

use of full current resources so that the business can run smoothly. Besides that, records must easily

to open to save time so that MRT Bus Agency wont clash with other customerbooking. Along with

that, the system has to accessible for the staff so that they able to perform their task without any

problems.

SERVICES

The MRT Bus Agency current manual system does not provide reliable service. But there are no

worries. The new system that we have designed and provided, solve all problems. The new mode of

operation, provide reliable service. The new system, provide online services for the customers. By

creating a data base for particulars of customers to be recorded. Each of the customers could have an

account in new MRT Online Bus Reservation system. For a booking, system could show the

customers whether the bus is available for their journey time or not to them. Besides that, we can put

an option for customers, to choose seats by their own. And all details of the customer will be saved

in new system. Also, there will be report generated for their payment and also customer can print out

their tickets from the system. The membership for the online services is free.The new system

actually provides better and easier access for both side customer and business. At beginning for build

the system there might be some costs but in the future, this system would help to run business in the

most benefited way.


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CONCLUSION

MRT Online Bus Reservation System is company online system, which enable customer to check

availability bus ticket, buy bus ticket, and pay bus ticket online. It makes the customer easy to get

bus ticket online instead of queue up to buy the bus ticket. The online system is new in Malaysia.

Other's company can use this idea to develop another system to easy their customer to buy bus

ticket. Since Malaysia is a developing country, concept electronic ticket or e-ticket should be widely

applied in all the sector industries.


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Slideshare.net. 2013. Online Bus Ticket Reservation System. [online] Available at:

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preproj-14apr09.pdf [Accessed: 23 Sep 2013].

Aptest.com. 2013. Types of Software Testing. [online] Available at:

http://www.aptest.com/testtypes.html [Accessed: 23 Sep 2013].

Hrsa.gov. 2013. System Implementation. [online] Available at:

http://www.hrsa.gov/healthit/toolbox/HealthITAdoptiontoolbox/SystemImplementation/


Method123.com. 2013.Project Plan - Project Planning. [online] Available at:

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Redbus.in. 2013. ONLINE BUS TICKET BOOKING SERVICE: ONLINE BUS RESERVATION |

redBus. [online] Available at: http://www.redbus.in/?utm_expid=2728620-

32.FKJVp8V7SAK4Mz0ZzmG8uA.0 [Accessed: 23 Sep 2013].

Registrar.utexas.edu. 2013.Planning your schedule | Office of the Registrar. [online] Available at:

http://registrar.utexas.edu/students/registration/before/schedules [Accessed: 23 Sep 2013].

Studymode.com. 2013.Problem Statement For Online Bus Reservation System Free Essays 1 - 20.

[online] Available at: http://www.studymode.com/subjects/problem-statement-for-online-bus-

reservation-system-page1.html [Accessed: 23 Sep 2013].

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Introduction to software engineering (ise)