Introduction to Japanese Language and Culture Prof. Vastala … · the board. So, well you can now see the kanji and writing it also. Then we have han over here han written like this,

Introduction to Japanese Language and CultureProf. Vastala Misra

Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur

Lecture-13Rao san wa doko ni imasu ka Where is Mr. Rao?

Hello everyone (FL) are you all ready for the Japanese class who want to learn more Japanese

well we definitely will onward Japanese today as we do in each class. And also I will tell you

something new today.

(Refer Slide Time: 00:41)

So, let us see what we are going to do now over here we have assignments for you as we do all

the time let us first go over the assignments see what you have done at home whether it is right

or not correct or not let us try that and then we will do our lesson.


So, the first assignment over here is look at the picture and tell where is the tokei, rajio, enpitsu,

shinbun, isu, kaban, kagi, tsukue in the rooms. So, this picture is of a room where there are lot of

objects for you and you have to tell exactly where they are well last we had done locational

nouns and this is the exercise for that you have to tell where exactly these things are. So, well let

us see you have words ue, shita, tonari, yoko, naka, ushiro, mae and these words you have done.

So, this is what we are going to practice over here, rajio wa (FL) ue ni arimasu. The second one

over here is once again (FL) you have done this already in one of the previous lessons (FL)

teburu no (FL) arimasu in a similar manner you have this camera over here on the table let us see

what is the word well tonari is the word and this is a (FL) a table it has lot of things on the table

and lot of things next to the camera on the table tonari means next camera wa (FL) no tonari ni

arimasu.

So, arimasu is what we need to practice arimasu shows location of inanimate objects where they

are situated the presence of inanimate objects at a certain point. Now we have the fourth one for

you over here is (FL) now (FL) is on the wall, so you can use ue and you can also omit ue well it

will be like this (FL) wa (FL) no ue ni arimasu for the time being ue will work will later on there

is a proper verb for it and we will do the verb later.

So, tokei wa (FL) ni arimasu and then we have all the others as well, soba, ushiro, ushiro is for

(FL) wa (FL) ushire ni arimasu. Then again you have ue (FL) ni arimasu then teburu, teburu wa

(FL) no (FL) no naka ni arimasu and so many others shita kaban wa (FL) no (FL) arimasu and

then the last one is (FL) naka, so you can practice these with your partner answer or ask

questions for lacational nouns which is also equivalent to prepositions in English.

In, at, on, besides, along all these are prepositions in English but they are used as situational

nouns in locational nouns in Japanese.


Now we did how to ask how many things are there irregular objects or triangular, rectangular,

round, small objects how would you ask how much how many they are in number. So, well

practice telling how many apples are there in each picture there are so many pictures, so many

apples for you we will start with one just a review of what we did. Well hitosu, futatsu, mittsu,

yottsu, itsutsu, muttsu, nanatsu, yatsu, kokonotsu and to.


Now one thing I want to tell you over here this is ikutsu and hitosu, futatsu and so on till 10 to

after this is ko counter ko which we did like ikko, niko, sanko and so on write till whatever

number you want. Now you would say it is randomly placed over here and there is a reason

putting it to randomly, so that you do not get use to just saying one after the other, hitosu, futatsu,

mittsu, yottsu, itsutsu, muttsu not only just that but you could just look at a thing and

immediately say what number it is, so, that is the exercise over here.


Now again we have so many pictures number of things listed you can see, ask your partner what

this is well mikan wa ikutsu arimasu ka itkutsu is how many as we have already done mikan wa

mittsu arimasu and so on you can do for ringo well ringo wan an-ko arimasu ka itsutsu arimasu.

Instead itsutsu you can tell the number of objects present and you can also ask is it such a

number or is it how many is it.

Well ringo wan an-ko arimasu ka ringo wa (FL) arimasu, so you can ask in itsutsu as itsutsu how

many and nan-ko as how many both are used. Sakuranbo wa ikutsu arimasu ka sakuranbo wa

futatsu arimasu. Then we have ichigo over here ichigo wa ikutsu arimasu ka and it is yottsu

arimasu. So, this I hope you did it properly and practiced at home.


Match the words in group A with group B see you have the words here again practice how many

it is. So, well let us see whether you did it properly or not hitotsu and you have the answer right

here, keshigomu kyu-ko, ringo itsutsu, koppu muttsu, hako ju-ik-ko, chokore-to-mittsu, donatsu

futatsu, senbei nan-ko how many senbei, senbei is a snack Japanese snack made out of rice

crushed rice, boiled rice, steamed rice and it is flat as biscuits and is very very tasty. So, well

senbei for you over here and momo nana-ko 7.


Now this assignment is write the words given below in hiragana well as we are doing Japanese

over here we cannot just do it roman we have to write in hiragana and we need to practice that

slowly and steadily. So, let us see what you have done did you practice your hiragana properly or

not have you learnt it or not let us see it right here well you have the picture of an apple ringo.

So, you can just check your spellings over here, ichigo, mikan, isu, enpitsu and over here you

will notice that when we pronounce we say m but when we write the syllable is n enpitsu,

tamago, saifu and momo you can please check it.


Now this is also very important we have done a lot of kanji characters, so far in our previous

lessons they all look very similar you can see you know the words over here the words are

already done you have memorize them you make sentences with these words but now we also

need to do the kanji characters because in Japanese when we write (FL) and kanji both are

written together all in fact all 3 scripts are written together simultaneously.

So, please do your kanji’s as well you know the word hon which means a book, now all 3 look

similar the 1 in green is right which is hon I have already done the stroke order with you here on

the board. So, well you can now see the kanji and writing it also. Then we have han over here

han written like this, so it is a 5 stroke character, then you have tsuki which is month, well now

you have do over here and then you have hito which means for person. So, this was your kanji

please try remembering all of this.


Now we have a small radio conversation for you listen to this conversation and let us see how

much you have understood (FL). What was new in the conversation can you tell me?


Well there was new definitely and as you have already learnt how to tell (FL) which is hobby

how to tell where you are from what is your (FL) the next question would be well what is your

birthday which is tanjobi, so I will read the conversation for you once and then I will tell exactly

what it is. We have done tanjobi last time as well in our previous lesson. So, in that we did

something different we did the positive, this time we will do the negative.

Tanaka and Kimsa, Tanaka and Kim 2 people (FL) hai ja ashita wa Kim san no tanjobi desu ka,

Iie, watashi no tanjobi wa ashita dewa arimasen, ja, tanjobi wa itsu desu ka, watashi no tanjobi

wa ni-gatsu no ju-ichi-nichi desu, ara, watashi no tanjobi mo ni-gatsu ni arimasu, ni-gatsu no

nan-nichi desu ka, muika desu. So, well tanjobi you already know I am sure most of it is

understood, only new part over here is dewa arimasen.


Tanjobi wa ashitha desu which is positive ashita means tomorrow we have already done this time

expression tanjobi wa ashitha dewa arimasen it is not tomorrow so you can also answer like this.

And instead of ashita you can also put your date and ask tanjobi wa (FL) mi ka desu ka or

question ka over here instead of ashita time expression san gatsu mia and the third of (FL) you

can also ask iie (FL) arimasen you can also answer like this.

Now ja, tanjobi wa itsu desu ka when third line watashi no tanjobi wa ni-gatsu no ju-ichi-nichi

desu. So, you can ask like this ara, watashi no tanjobi mo ni-gatsu ni arimasu, ara is just an

expression where you show some surprise ara oh really, is that so watashi no tanjobi mo, mo also

you have done earlier which means also watashi no tanjobi mo ni-gatsu ni arimasu, my tanjobi

my birthday is also in February.

Ni-gatsu no nan-nichi desu ka well which what did of February muika desu which is the sixth so

you can talk like this have a small dialogue with your friends about tanjobi, you can tell your

tanjobi you can ask about tanjobi you can give the date of your tanjobi and so on.


This is in script as you can see your translation.


It is not actually a translation but well the meaning is there.


Now you can see over here anatano tanjobi wa itsu desu ka, ju-gatsu no ju-go-nichi desu and if

you want to say no then iie ju-gatsu no ju-go-nichi dewa arimasen, you can change ju-gatsu no

ju-go-nichi for any of these over here, ichi-gatsu, tsuitachi, san-gatsu mikka, go-gatsu ni-ju-go-

nichi, hachi-gatsu futsuka and you can answer in desu are dewa arimasen.



Now over here anatano tanjobi wa itsu desu ka question that is what we would practicing well

over here instead of tanjobi as you can see over there you can replace it with shaken which is

test, kekkon which is marriage and nyigaku shaken which is entrance exam or anything party

anatano party wa itsu desu ka any of these you can replace it with over here so many are given

shaken is test.

Kekkon marriage, keekon kinen-bi marriage anniversary, nyu-gaku-shiken of course you can see

the entrance examination, tenrankai exhibition and tanjobi birthday as we are doing over here

kekkon is marriage and the actual marriage ceremony is kekkon (FL) so you can replace tanjobi

for any of these and ask and give date as I have given you here you can put any date over here

any month for example we just did (FL) mika or any of the previous in the previous slide I had

given you dates.

You can put any of those dates the once you have practiced and you can tell your shiken, kekkon,

tenrankai, tanjobi, kekkon kinen bi anything in this manner.


Well instead of anata now you can add all the vocabulary that you have done earlier which is

watashi, imooto, tomadachi, okaasan any of this you can add and use and make sentences and do

a small conversation with your friend.


Now this was just revision well now we are going to do something new today I have already

done the first part of this exercise with you in our previous lesson where I told you about

arimasu.


Which means you show location of a certain object at a certain place, so now as we have done

for things we will do for living things now last time we did for inanimate objects. Now this time

we will do for animate for living things for peoples for animals for people what is the verb you

will use instead arimasu, arimasu is for non-living thing. So, well noun 1 wa noun 2 ni or place

ni arimasu this what we did.

Hon wa soko ni arimasu or we did hon wa tsukutse no ue ni arimasu this what we practice last

time now this time we will do tanaka.


Tanaka san wa soko ni imasu, tanaka san is present over there, so please for people and for

animals it is imasu and not arimasu. Shows location of a living thing at a certain point presence

of living things at a certain pointer is placed.



Now we will do the small conversation again listen to this and see (FL).


Well did you understand something this conversation is also between 2 people anu and arun I

will read it for you rao san wa doko desu ka, rao san wa shokudo ni imasu, tanaka sensei mo

shokudo ni imasu ka, iie, sensei wa kaigi-shitsu wa doko desu ka, kaigai shitsu wa erebeta no

mae ni arimasu, Arigato. So, now you will see how arimasu and imasu are used for non-living

and living things most of it is understood I am sure.


Doko of course you know where, shokudo is the canteen or the dining hall, shokudo ni imasu.

So, person wa place ni imasu, imasu is for existence of people ni is for place at that particular

point or place or location. Tanaka sensei mo shokudo ni imasu ka, now a question tanaka sensi

mo also you have done also shokudo ni imasu ka iie sensei wa kaigi-shitsu meeting room or

conference room ni imasu.

Anoo, if you remember we did this anoo earlier anoo is just to attract to attention instead of

instead of (FL) which is a little more formal you can use anoo, which is more informal anoo,

kaigai-shitsu wa doko desu ka, doko then we have been done earlier means where kaigai-shitsu

wa erebeta elevator no mae ni arimasu. As we are talking about kaigai-shitsu arimasu comes over

here it is in front of the elevator, thank you very much.

So, that is the small conversation which you can do on your own as well now you know lot of

words and vocabulary and you can make sentences with the help of particles.


So, try this conversation changing using different words vocabulary that you have learned this is

in script as you can see.


Your translation it is not actually a translation but well the meaning is there.


As I told you earlier imasu is a verb which means to exist or to be and shows the existence of a

person or an animal at a certain location or a point. Examples here you can go voer the examples

and see.


Also we have done locational nouns in our previous chapter here also we will cover a few more

locational nouns for you. So, you can just go through this.


Now you have this picture here where you can see a teacher, a blackboard and some students

sitting in the classroom, so what are they going to do how do we tell they are there in the

classroom and how many people are there. So, well minas an wa doko ni imasu ka, minas an is

all of them wa doko means where ni imasu ka where are they present. Minas an wa kyoshistsu no

naka ni imasu, you can also say kyoshitsu ni imasu and remove the naka over there.

But is to be more specific minasan wa kyoshitsu no naka ni imasu they are inside the classroom.

Sesei wa doko desu ka, so instead of saying doko ni imasu ka you can ask direct question sensei

wa doko desu ka, sensei wa gakusei no mae ni imasu, so sensei is in front of the students, sensei

wa gakusei no mae in front of them ni imasu. Now we did with sensei how will you use arimasu

over here.


Kokuban which is blackboard wa doko ni arimasu ka, kokuban wa sensei no ushiro ni arimasu

behind the teacher and sensei wa doko desu ka again sensei wa doko desu ka earlier we did

sensei wa doko desu ka and there was an other answer now let us see what they have to say,

sensei wa kokuban no mae ni imasu. So, over here kokuban is the subject and over here sensei is

the subject, so with respect to sensei where is the kokuban where is the blackboard.


Now what you can do is you can practice location of the cat over here where exactly is the cat is

it under the table over here you can see under the chair, inside the box, behind the chair and on

top of the chair, so let us see what it is in Japanese. Neko wa isu no shita ni imasu, neko wa kaku

no naka ni imasu of course over here again you can remove the naka over here neko wa hako ni

imasu is also used and correct.

Neko wa isu no ue ni imasu on top of the chair and you have isu no ushiro ni imasu. So, this is

how you can use your locational nouns that we have study and you can tell exactly where a thing

is placed or where a person is placed with respect to another thing.


Now let us see if you can give me the answers over here Honda san wa doko ni imasu ka, Honda

san wa tanaka san no ushiro ni imasu behind tanaka san wa, tanaka san wa doko ni imasu ka

tanaka san wa kaisha ni imasu, tanaka san is in the kaisha or (FL) imasu (FL) naka ni imasu

inside the room, well this is a phone so it is inanimate now what is the verb that you are going to

use will you tell me well let us see what is given over here.

Denwa wa doko ni arimasu ka, so you have to remember for people it is imasu and for non-living

inanimate it is arimasu, denwa wa tsukue no ue ni arimasu. And then we have this lady over here

hisho san wa doko ni imasu ka, hisho wa tanaka san no hidari ni imasu, hidari is left, left from

where your watching and not from where tanaka san hand is, so please do it like that.


Now you have done imasu and arimasu.


Imasu and arimasu you understand this very clearly imasu is for living and arimasu is for non-

living things. Now you have done counting over here as hitotsu, futattsu or ikutsu which is how

many and so on or ikko, niko or nanko okay for how many, now over here how will you count

people. So, nan is the word for nan is the question word anyway and what will you add after nan

well for people it is nin.

So, it is nan nin, so for example if you want to ask in the previous classroom slide where sensei

is there with the students you can say (FL) naka ni (FL) naka ni nan nin imasu ka. So, how many

people are there in the (FL). Now we can practice over here it is very simple with nin except for

1 person or 2 people which is hitori and futari respectively it is number and nin, san nin, yo nin,

go nin and so on with the number you just add nin to it meaning those many number of people

present at a certain place inside a room or wherever.

Yo over here is an exception, hitori is an exception and futatri is a given exception. Otherwise it

is all numbers all the time.


Now you can practice nin is the counter used for counting people now you would be

understanding counters by now because we have done a number of counters so far, well you can

look at the picture and tell how many people are there. Hitori in this picture over here you see a

single person a girl reading something maybe thinking, so hitori, hitori desu. Over here we have

2 people futari, hitori and futori are the 2 exceptions over here you can ask nan ni imasu ka in the

first picture hitori desu, nan nin imasu ka futari desu.

You have how many people can you tell me well yon-nin, yo-nin desu, so you have 4 people here

yo-nin (FL) ka nin, nan-nin imasu ka (FL) no naka ni yo-nin imasu okay now you can tell me

(FL) naka na ni nan-nin imasu ka. So, you have hittori, futari (FL), yo-nin and go-nin. So, how

many people are there well we have go-nin (FL) no naka ni go-nin imasu.


You can practice more over here in this slide let us see what the question is heya ni nan nin imasu

ka, so hitori, futari, (FL), yo-nin, go-nin, roco-nin, nana-nin and (FL) nin let us see how many are

there ja heya ni you tell me how many people are there well heya ni hachi nin imasu.


You can practice more of this shashin ni nan nin imasu ka, so we have a shashin for you nan nin

imasu ka (FL) let us see shashin ni yo-nin imasu. Once again nan nin imasu ka or shashin ni go-

nin imasu ka, shashin ni go-nin imasu ka what is the answer do we have 5 people here hitori,

futtari, (FL), yo-nin, go-nin and there is 1 person hidden over here, so we have 6 people roco-nin

and the question is shashin ni go-nin imasu ka.

So, the answer is iie shashin ni go-nin imasen, shashin ni roco nin imasu. Then we have an other

picture over here for you of this park and kono shashin ni nan nin imasu ka, well kono shashin ni

yo-nin imasu and as we have a picture which has 4 people here you can also answer kono

shashin mo yo-nin imasu, is that alright, so you can use mo also you can use wa also whichever

you want.


Now what do we have over here, now you can ask like this shashin ni san nin imasu ka, iie

shashin ni san nin imasen, yo-nin imasu. Look at this picture shashin ni yo-nin imasu ka, iie

shashin ni yo-nin imasen, go-nin imasu, so instead of nan nin you can also use the number and

ask how many people are there.



Now as we always do we will do kanji also because that is also an integral part of Japanese and

we need to know the kanjis over here you can see there is a very complicated character but not as

complicated as it is seems actually you can make it on the board and you will see how simple it

is you have done the word ushiro kokoban wa sesei no ushiro ni arimasu are for that matter

kokoban wa watasi no mae ni arimasu it is right here in front of me. At the moment it is behind if

I am looking this side it is if I am looking towards you it is behind me.


So this is the word that we are going to do ushiro 1, 2, 3 one part of the kanji 1, 2, 3 second part

of the kanji then the third part is 1, 2 and 3 like this, so it is a 9 stroke character you will see 1, 2,

3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 meaning ushiro, it has other meanings also but for the time being as we have

done this word just this 1 word ushiro we will try to remember it as ushiro also if I am not

mistaken we have also done go-go as go-go that is (FL) meaning later.

So, you can also remember it as go, it is a 9 stroke character. We have another one over here for

you, you have again done this word mae now 1, 2, 3 this character you have done if you

remember month and this over here. So, let us see how many strokes are there to this character 1,

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, so again this is also a 9 stroke character as ushiro mae , mae means front

of or ahead or before, so, well 2 characters for you today.


A few words new words with this kanji characters you have ato de, ushiro, ato gaki means a post

script, mae front, ahead, mae ba is front teeth ba means tooth, mae gaki or mae gaki is a preface.

So, well these are some words new words with characters which you can learn and practice also.


Now the Japanese have a very typical expression.


They use before eating before they start to eat, this expression I think we did last time (FL) we

will join hands and then say thank you god for all the food that you are giving me well what is

the what do they say after having eaten food.


What is the word or the expression they use after eating and thanking god again for all the good

food that he has provided well the word is gochisosama.


So, you can see you join your hands and you say idadaki masu and then you say gochisosama

after finishing your food after your through with your food you thank god again for all the good

food that he has provided. So, gochisosama please learn these 2 expressions they are nice they

are very handy they are make you very comfortable in japan and they also and the Japanese also

like it very much that you are their expressions very very freely and nicely where they are

suppose to be used.


Now this is some vocabulary you can go through the vocabulary we did these words in the

lesson, I will just read it out once very quickly hidari, migi the meanings I given right here on the

right side in black, kokuban, koen, hisho, kazoku, akachan remember one thing when you are

practicing at home please practice loudly is that you can hear what you are practicing and it helps

a lot finally in the long run, well now my work is over and your work begins over here.


You have to do your assignments at home you have to practice all this let me have done here in

class.


The first assignment is this picture where you have to answer these questions over here, there

given how many people are there, how many ladies are there, how many gentleman are there,

men are there, how many girls and boys are there children are there. So, try to do it with your

partner in class or maybe later on after class or at home say it out a loud use the counter nin, so

that you remember it.


Then we have this picture for family of tanaka san and his wife and you have to tell how old they

are how old is family members are and also you have to practice this new vocabulary over here

okusan means wife, musuko means son, musume means daughter, mago menas grandchild,

otako-no-hito boys again, onna-no-hito girls and akachan is a baby. So, you can practice all these

with your partner remember the vocabulary and ask and have a small conversation or a dialogue.


Now look at this assignment here ask your friend what they are going to do in their summer

vacation which is roco gatsu, yasumi, natsu yasumi, so you have your scheduled planned over

here you can see it is all planned you have to ask show the picture and ask what they are going to

do on these dates during their summer vacation, that way you can practice all that you have done

your dates, your months, your days of the week you can practice and do a small conversation.


Now practice with your partner asking where is the bank and the school and bookstore and all

these things in the picture located using locational nouns with arimasu and of course imasu over

here if you want to.


Now we have match group A with group B which we generally do, so that you remember your

vocabulary.


And then of course this is the most important part were you have to remember your kanji

characters which you need to write, write them in hiragana over here. So, that is all that is there

for today. I want you to do these assignments at home and we will do something new again in

our next lesson, next class till then mata aimashoo.


(FL) thank you.


Documents

Introduction to Japanese Language and Culture Prof. Vastala … · the board. So, well you can now see the kanji and writing it also. Then we have han over here han written like this,