Introduction to Computer Animation · 2006-02-04 · University of British Columbia © MIchiel van de Panne Introduction to Computer Animation Michiel van de Panne © Michiel van

University ofUniversity ofBritish ColumbiaBritish Columbia

©© MIchiel van de PanneMIchiel van de Panne

Introduction to Introduction to Computer AnimationComputer Animation

Michiel van de PanneMichiel van de PanneMichiel van de Panne

©© Michiel van de PanneMichiel van de Panne


Animation SourcesAnimation Sources

algorithm

user mocap



Motion NotationMotion Notation•• 1700 “Choregraphie”, Feuillet1700 “Choregraphie”, Feuillet•• 1852 “Stenochoregraphie”, Arthur Saint Leon1852 “Stenochoregraphie”, Arthur Saint Leon•• 1928 “Notation of Movement”, Margaret Morris1928 “Notation of Movement”, Margaret Morris•• 1928 “Schrifttanz”, Rudolf von Laban1928 “Schrifttanz”, Rudolf von Laban•• 1940 “Kinetography Laban” (Labanotation)1940 “Kinetography Laban” (Labanotation)•• 1950’s Eshkol & Wachmann: mathematical notation1950’s Eshkol & Wachmann: mathematical notation•• 1956 “Choreology”, Joan and Rudolf Benesh1956 “Choreology”, Joan and Rudolf Benesh



Motion Notation Motion Notation LabanotationLabanotation ““Labanotation”,Labanotation”,

Ann HutchinsonAnn Hutchinson



Motion Notation Motion Notation LabanotationLabanotation

““Labanotation”,Labanotation”,Ann HutchinsonAnn Hutchinson



Motion Notation Motion Notation LabanotationLabanotation

““Labanotation”,Labanotation”,Ann HutchinsonAnn Hutchinson



Animation HistoryAnimation HistoryFilm AnimationFilm Animation•• 1914 Windsor McCay 1914 Windsor McCay –– Gertie the DinosaurGertie the Dinosaur•• 1923 Walt Disney, “Alice in Wonderland”1923 Walt Disney, “Alice in Wonderland”•• 1928 Walt Disney, “Mickey Mouse”1928 Walt Disney, “Mickey Mouse”•• 1969 Burtnyk & Wein, NRCC, computer keyframing1969 Burtnyk & Wein, NRCC, computer keyframing•• 1988 Pixar “Tin Toy”1988 Pixar “Tin Toy”•• 1995 Pixar “Toy Story”, full1995 Pixar “Toy Story”, full--length CG filmlength CG film•• 2001 Square “Final Fantasy”, CG people2001 Square “Final Fantasy”, CG people



Traditional AnimationTraditional Animation

(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnson)(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnson)




(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnson)(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnson)©© Michiel van de PanneMichiel van de Panne



(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnson)(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnson)




(from “The Illusion of Life”(from “The Illusion of Life”Frank Thomas andFrank Thomas and

Ollie Johnson)Ollie Johnson)



3D Animation (keyframing)3D Animation (keyframing)

p. 44, “[digital] character animation 2”,p. 44, “[digital] character animation 2”,G. MaestriG. Maestri

p. 151, “[digital] character animation 2”,p. 151, “[digital] character animation 2”,G. MaestriG. Maestri



3D Animation (keyframing)3D Animation (keyframing)IssuesIssues•• complete control over motioncomplete control over motion•• rigging characterrigging character•• time consumingtime consuming•• not realnot real--timetime




algorithm

user mocap



Motion CaptureMotion CaptureMuybridge, 1884Muybridge, 1884RotoscopingRotoscoping

(Figure from(Figure from“Animals in Motion”,“Animals in Motion”,

Muybridge)Muybridge)



Motion CaptureMotion CaptureMuybridgeMuybridge

(Figure from(Figure from“Animals in Motion”,“Animals in Motion”,

Muybridge)Muybridge)



Motion CaptureMotion Capture

(Figure from Ascension Inc.)(Figure from Ascension Inc.)



Motion CaptureMotion Capture

(Figure from Northern Digital Inc.)(Figure from Northern Digital Inc.)



Motion CaptureMotion CaptureIssuesIssues•• modifying mocap datamodifying mocap data•• building graphsbuilding graphs•• annotation of dataannotation of data•• data cleanupdata cleanup•• data compressiondata compression




algorithm

user mocap



PhysicsPhysics--based Simulationbased SimulationIssuesIssues•• realisticrealistic•• simulation parameters?simulation parameters?•• difficult to controldifficult to control



Simulation of Passive MotionSimulation of Passive Motion



Simulation of Passive MotionSimulation of Passive Motion



Active MotionsActive Motions••multidisciplinarymultidisciplinary•• biomechanicsbiomechanics•• brain sciencesbrain sciences•• kinesiologykinesiology•• roboticsrobotics•• machine learningmachine learning•• control theorycontrol theory



Simulation of Active MotionSimulation of Active Motion



Simulation of Active MotionSimulation of Active Motion



Active Motion: RobotsActive Motion: Robots



Mori’s “Uncanny Valley”Mori’s “Uncanny Valley”



Trajectory OptimizationTrajectory Optimization



Motion PlanningMotion Planning



Course TopicsCourse Topics

•• character representationscharacter representations–– characters, skeletons, and riggingcharacters, skeletons, and rigging–– DOFs and state spaceDOFs and state space–– representing orientationsrepresenting orientations–– representing constraints, reduced coordinatesrepresenting constraints, reduced coordinates

•• kinematic methodskinematic methods–– keyframes, splines, inverse kinematicskeyframes, splines, inverse kinematics–– motion capture, motion trees, motion graphsmotion capture, motion trees, motion graphs–– digital puppetrydigital puppetry–– geometric motion planninggeometric motion planning




•• dynamic simulationdynamic simulation–– single and multibody dynamicssingle and multibody dynamics–– inverse dynamicsinverse dynamics

•• controlcontrol–– PD, PID controlPD, PID control–– policy searchpolicy search–– LQR control, reference trajectory trackingLQR control, reference trajectory tracking–– dynamic programming, reinforcement learningdynamic programming, reinforcement learning–– ZMP + CPG methods for locomotionZMP + CPG methods for locomotion




•• biological motor controlbiological motor control–– motor schemasmotor schemas–– coordination and synergiescoordination and synergies

•• motion perceptionmotion perception–– point light displayspoint light displays–– cartoon trickscartoon tricks–– vision and its limitationsvision and its limitations

Documents

Introduction to Computer Animation · 2006-02-04 · University of British Columbia © MIchiel van de Panne Introduction to Computer Animation Michiel van de Panne © Michiel van