Introduction: Greek Mythology

7/26/2019 Introduction: Greek Mythology

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Traditional storiesof gods, kings, andheroes

Show the relationsbetween gods and

people Mythology was a

form of earlyscience to Greeks

because it helpedexplain theunexplainable.


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Myths seek to explain all those

unexplainable or unknowable aspects oflife.

Where do we go after we die?

ow was the world created?Why can we see our re!ection in water?

Why are there four separateseasons?Why do we fall in lo"e?

ow is lightning created?Why do our "oices sometime echo?

ow was #re created, and why do we ha"e it?


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$ully de"eloped byabout %&& '.(.

omer and esiod

are generallyconsidered the

earliest Greekpoets whose workhas sur"i"ed


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)eath is ine"itable and #nal, so the goalwas to become a legend through greatdeeds.

The Greeks were tough, restless, ambitious,hard*li"ing, and imaginati"e.

onor was extremely important, and theGreeks were "ery "engeful if wronged.

The gods mirrored human feelings andphysical form.

Their !aws were pride, cruelty,stubbornness, impulsi"eness, lust for power,and a desire to be like the gods.


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$irst there was

(haos +"ast andunorganied spacefrom which allother thingsoriginated-.

(haos ga"e birth toGaea, the earth,and ight, whichga"e birth to day.

Gaea and /ranus+the sky- ga"e birthto (ronus and theother Titans, the(yclopes, one*eyedgiants, and theecatonchiereswith 0& heads and1&& arms apiece.


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2n general, Greekgods were di"idedinto threecategories3 ea"en

4arth Sea

The Titans ruledbefore the Gods of5lympus.

The Titans were the

children of /ranus+ea"en- and Gaea+4arth- and theparents of the Godsof 5lympus.

The Titans were

o"erthrown by5lympians.


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(ronus mutilated his father and o"erthrew him. (ronus and 6hea married and produced the

5lympians3 estia, )emeter, era, ades, and7oseidon. (ronus swallowed them to keep from being o"erthrown.

When 8eus was born, 6hea ga"e her husband a rock toswallow. 8eus o"erthrew his father (ronus and forcedhim to disgorge the other 5lympians.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/The_Mutiliation_of_Uranus_by_Saturn.jpg


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How did humans get fre?

7rometheus was the wisest Titan of

all. 7rometheus is credited withbringing enlightenment to humans.7rometheus stole #re from the godsand ga"e it to humankind, bringing

the power of warmth and light to thedark and miserable earth.7rometheus acted against theexpress wishes of the 5lympianGods, who wanted to keep the powerof #re * enlightenment * for theirexclusi"e use. $or this 8eus punished7rometheus by ha"ing him chainedto a rock with an eagle tearing at his

li"er.


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9 group of 1: godswho ruled after theo"erthrow of the

Titans 9ll the 5lympians

related in some way amed after their

dwelling place,Mount 5lympus

The 5lympian Gods38eus, 7oseidon,ades, estia,era, 9res, 9thena,9pollo, 9phrodite,ermes, 9rtemis,and ephaestus


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6oman name3 ;upiter 6ealm3 airs andmany children, someof whom were godsand goddessesbecause as theGreeks conueredterritories, they tookon the new goddessesand @marriedA themto 8eus

The spiritual father ofgods and men
http://media.comicvine.com/uploads/1/17299/423741-untitled_super.jpg


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6oman name3 ;uno 6ealm3 goddess of

marriage Symbols3 peacock,

cow Married to 8eus ;ealous of 8eusBs

a>airs 'ecause of this, asked

a 1&&*eyed giant towatch him. Whenermes put the giant tosleep, she turned himinto a peacock, ananimal with eyes on its

tail feathers.


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6oman name3 Cesta 6ealm3 goddess of hearth

and home= protector of thesacred #re

Symbol3 torch, a dista>+hand*held loom- 8eusBs sister Six priestesses called Cestal

"irgins attended her temple

and protected the #re=shrines were built to her bythe #replace in homes

Today the word vestalmeans @pureA or @"irginalA


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6oman name3eptune 6ealm3 god of the

sea and

earthuakes Symbol3 trident 8eusBs brother (ontrolled

earthuakes,hurricanes, roughseas, tidal wa"es

Ga"e the horse to

mankind


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6oman name3

7luto 9lso called )is,the rich one+because heowned all theminerals in the

earth- 6ealm3 god of

the /nderworld Symbol3

(erberus,

cypress, bident

6arely "isited4arth

ot friendly, butnot e"il either


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(haron, who rowed people across theri"er Styx

(erberus, the D*headed dog who guarded

the underworld


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6oman name3 Mars

6ealm3 god of war

Symbols3 dogs of

war= "ulture,weapons

Son of 8eus andera

Cery unpopular

o myths writtenabout 9res


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6oman name3 )iana 6ealm3 goddess of

the moon, the hunt,and +sometimes-witchcraft

Symbols3 crescentmoon, bow andarrow, short huntingrobes

9polloBs twin sister

9"oided men She turned 9cteon, a

hunter, into a stag+deer- and set his owndogs on him becausehe watched herbathe.


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6oman name3Cenus

6ealm3 goddessof lo"e, beauty,sexuality

Symbols3 shell,mirror, do"e,swan

'orn of the foamwhen (ronusB

genitals hit theocean Married to

ephaestus Son was 4ros

+(upid-


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6oman name3 Culcan 6ealm3 god of the

forge= made 8eusBslightning bolts and the

armor for war Symbols= the forge Son of 8eus and era 8eus threw him out of

hea"en for siding withhis mother +era-

usband of 9phrodite,who was constantly

unfaithful to him


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6oman name3 (eres 6ealm3 goddess of

agriculture Symbols3 shea"es of

wheat 8eusBs sister, motherof 7ersephone 7ersephone was

kidnapped by ades.)emeter created

eternal winter on earthuntil 8eus agreed tobring her back. She hadeaten E pomegranateseeds and so had toremain in theunderworld for E

months of the year.


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6oman name3Miner"a

9lso called 7allas9thena

6ealm3 goddess ofdefensi"e warfare,wisdom, handicrafts

Symbols3 armor, owl,oli"e tree

4merged from 8eusBs

head fully grown (ity of 9thens named

for her after she ga"ethem the oli"e tree

9lso created the

spider


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6oman name3 9pollo 6ealm3 god of light +the

sun-, music, shepherds

Symbols3 bow andarrow, the sun chariot,the lyre +small harp-

Some myths say hedro"e the sun chariot,others gi"e this Fob to

elios is son 7haeton tried to

dri"e it and burned partof the earth

9lways shown inpictures as beingyoung, beardless, and


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6oman name3 Mercury 6ealm3 messenger of

gods= god ofcommerce, thie"es,science +sometimes

medicine- Symbols3 winged

helmet or sandals,caduceus +medical

sta> with : snakes- (reated the lyre, which

he ga"e to 9pollo when9pollo caught him

stealing his cows


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6oman name3 'acchus 6ealm3 god of wine,

re"elry, drama, Symbol3 grapes 'rought pleasure and

insanity +from wine- $ollowed by theMaenads, craed womenwho tore people apart,the satyrs, centaurs, andnymphs

$irst plays werepresented during thefesti"als of )ionysus

7opular @party animalA ot typically considered

an @5lympianA god


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the muses ine goddessesin charge ofdi>erentsciences and

arts includingmusic, poetry,history,astronomy,

dance, etc. )aughters of

8eus

They weremeant to inspire


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The fates daughters of 8eusThree blind sisters who

determined peopleBs

lifespan 5ne spun the thread of

life +(lotho-

5ne measured thethread +9tropos-

5ne cut the thread withscissors of death+achesis-


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Mythology in nature andscience

Many of our planets +and many moons- are named after6oman gods

Mercury* messenger god

Mars* god of war

Cenus* goddess of lo"e;upiter* king of the gods

Saturn* god of agriculture

eptune* god of the seas

/ranus* ancient Greek deity of the hea"ens

7luto* god of the underworld
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mitharvardcolombia.org/pluto.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mitharvardcolombia.org/noticias.htm&h=269&w=200&sz=6&tbnid=gelX8EWIExIJ:&tbnh=108&tbnw=80&hl=en&start=18&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpluto%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/assets/wallpaper/neptune.jpg&imgrefurl=http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/assets/wallpaper/&h=450&w=580&sz=18&tbnid=BAAnPHH4zBcJ:&tbnh=102&tbnw=131&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dneptune%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.aquila.free.fr/Uranus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.kn.sbc.com/wired/fil/pages/listuranusje.html&h=768&w=1024&sz=151&tbnid=BeeCrgLiiy0J:&tbnh=112&tbnw=149&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Duranus%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lexikon.astronomie.info/jupiter/img/im-jupiter.jpg&imgrefurl=http://lexikon.astronomie.info/jupiter/&h=200&w=200&sz=7&tbnid=CrcaGBZeSDsJ:&tbnh=99&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images%3Fq%3Djupiter%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.resa.net/nasa/images/venus/venus%20radar.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.resa.net/nasa/earlyspaceage.htm&h=271&w=268&sz=16&tbnid=z8ZPG_lI4_0J:&tbnh=107&tbnw=106&hl=en&start=3&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvenus%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://starryskies.com/articles/2003/08/earth.oceans03a.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cowboysfringants.com/forum/display_topic_threads.asp%3FForumID%3D2%26TopicID%3D22007%26PagePosition%3D1%26ThreadPage%3D2&h=613&w=613&sz=82&tbnid=AulcRXNXr5IJ:&tbnh=134&tbnw=134&hl=en&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dearth%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fpsoftlab.com/images/screenshots/mars-640x480-2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dianetheamericanswimmer.com/&h=480&w=640&sz=18&tbnid=-i5WMecsVzcJ:&tbnh=101&tbnw=135&hl=en&start=10&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmars%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://gw.marketingden.com/planets/images/fullsize/mercury.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.kn.sbc.com/wired/fil/pages/listmercurych.html&h=500&w=500&sz=61&tbnid=3Z6XjXnQfK8J:&tbnh=127&tbnw=127&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmercury%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D


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/sing the lingotoday

Cupid3Son of thegoddess ofo"e. Thiswinged godcan be seen to

this day,especiallyduringCalentines day.5ne shot fromhis bow is

supposed to

Nike3

The Greekgoddess of"ictory

Cyclops3amed after amythological being

with only one eye.


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Introduction: Greek Mythology