DryboneHumerus(likeclassroomrealbone)Noarticularcartilageandperiosteum.Whyistherenocartilageorperiosteuminourclassroombones?

Diagramshowinga“living”bone.UpperSectionshowsafrontalcutofbonetorevealInnerbonestructures.

Besuretoseetheinnerspongyboneinourclassroomsplitfemurbone.

IntrotoSkeletalSystemWorksheet

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TypicalLongbone

Bothboneslabel:1.Proximalepiphysis2.Diaphysis(shaft)3.Distalepiphysis4.Compactbone

Thefollowingstructureswillonlybevisibleintheseconddiagram5.Articularcartilage(typeofcartilage?)6.Spongybone(notespongybonelocatedinbothendsoflongbone)7.Locationofredmarrowinhumerus (sameforfemur)8.Epiphysealline9.Medullarycavity10.Yellowmarrow(inmedullarycavity)11.Periosteum(stopsatarticularcartilage)12.Sharpey fibers(connectperiosteumtocompactbone)13.Nutrientartery

WhatisthedifferencebetweenEpiphyseallinevs.Epiphysealplate?

1Bonestructuressuperficialtodeep:1. Periosteum2. Compactbone

2a=whattypeoflamella?(itcirclestheentirebone)

3. Spongybone

Namethetwolayersoftheperiosteum:1.

2.

Theinnerlayercontainswhattypeofbonecells?

Highlightasingleosteon

OsteonsareONLYfoundinwhatTypeofBone?

PutsmallX’sinareaofinterstitiallamella

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ArticularCartilage

Spongybone

Medullarycavity

Articularcartilage

Bloodvessel

periosteum

Compactbone

periosteum

Compactbone

Spongybone

endosteum

Medullarycavity

The3TypesofBoneCellsMUSTKNOW

BesureyouunderstandthisdiagramandyouSeethebonestructuressuperficialtodeep!

Isperiosteumfounddeeptoarticularcartilage?

Whatisdeeptoarticularcartilage?

Whatisdeeptoperiosteum?

Deeptocompactboneis?

3

2

2A

Medullarycavityendosteum

Labelthehisto slide:1. Central(Haversian)canal

(whatstructuresareinhere?)2. Concentriclamellae3. ALacuna(whatbonecelllives

inthesespaces?}4. Canaliculi

Label:1. Compactbone2. Spongybone3. HighlightOneosteon4. Interstitiallamella5. Circumferentiallamella6. Periosteum(Drawinperforating(Sharpey)

fibers.7. Volkman’s (perforating)canal8. Central(Haversian)canal9. Alacuna

Bonetransportsystem

BoneMicroscopicStructures

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Singleosteon

Lamella(singular)Lamellae(plural)

Lacuna(singular)Lacunae(plural)

YellowBonemarrowInmedullarcavity

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2

6

8

9

Remember- Osteonsareonlyfoundincompactbone.Osteocytesliveinlacunae.Doesspongybonehaveosteocytesandlacunae?

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Endochondralossification/osteogenesis

Remember-GrowthplatesarelocatedAtbothendsoflongbones!

EndochondralOssification-Prefix“endo”means=

Root“chondr”means=

Suffix“al”means=

Besureyoucanseethesefivezonesonyourclassroomslides.ThiswillbeonQuizandpracticalexam!!!

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2

3

4

5

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2

3

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Whatishappeningtothechondrocytesinthezoneofcartilagedegeneration(akazoneofcalcification)?

Whydoestheosteogeniczonelooksopink/red?

What2bonecellsareveryactiveinthis osteogeniczone?

Growth(Epiphyseal)plateoflongbone.(HyalineCartilage)

MostofthebonesofyourbodyareformedbyEndochondralOssification.OnlytheFlatBonesofskullandclaviclesformedbyIntramembranousOssification

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Questionstocheckyourunderstanding!1.WhatisthedifferencebetweenanepiphyseallineVs.epiphysealplate(growthplate)?

2.Areepiphyseallinesandplateslocatedinbothproximalanddistallocationsoflongbones?

3.Isredmarrowlocatedinbothdistalandproximalspongyboneareasoflongbones(femurandhumerus)?

4.Whattypeofcartilageisarticularcartilage?

5.Whatisstoredinthemedullarycavityoflongbones?

4.Theperiosteumissuperficialtowhatbonestructure?PeriosteumcoverstheentireboneEXCEPTwhere?Whatstructuresanchortheperiosteumtothecompactbonejustdeeptotheperiosteum?

Whatdoestheprefix“peri”mean?Whatdoestherootword“oste”mean?Whatdoesthesuffix“um”mean?

5.Areosteocytesfoundinspongybone?

Allosteocytesliveincavitiescalled?

OsteocytesconnecttooneanotherthroughCanalscalled?

6.Whatis“osteoid”andwhatbonecellmakesit?

7.Calciumisstoredwhere(donotanswerbone---wherespecifically?)Ifbloodcalciumlevelsarelowwhatbonecellwillbeactivated?

8.IfCollagenislackinginbonematrixwhathappenstothe“tensile”strengthofthebone?

9.Ifcalciumislackinginbonematrixwhathappenstothehardnessofbone?Name2reasonswhycalciumcouldbelacking.

BESUREyouknowall3bonecells,theirfunctionsandwheretheyarefound.Knowthe3typesoflamellaeandwhereeachislocated.