INTERVALS

Distance in pitch between 2 notes

What are the intervals?

• 1 – 1 = prime intervals = unisons• 1 – 2 = 2nd • 1 – 3 = 3rd

• 1 – 4 = 4th

• 1 – 5 = 5th

• 1 – 6 = 6th

• 1 – 7 = 7th

• 1 – 8 = octave

Types of Intervals

• Perfect : unison, 4th, 5th, octaves• Major : 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th

• Minor : when interval between 2 notes of a major (2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th) is decreased half step.

• PERFECT INTERVALS CAN’T BE MINOR!

Types of Intervals

• Augmented : the interval is raised half step• Diminished : the interval is lowered half step• Augmented for perfect & major interval.• Why not minor interval ? back to major• Diminished for perfect (except unisons) &

minor interval.• Why not major? becomes minor!• Why not unisons? - becomes increasing!

SOLFEGE & TRANSPOSITION

• Solfege : reading notes using different syllables for each note.

• ! Do is MOVEABLE!• Transposition : re writing a melody into

another key. It can be raised or lowered.• Easiest way to transpose : by interval.• C to D major transpose major 2nd higher.