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Internet Training
Internet History
• 1962- US Advanced Research Project Agency research; small network ARPANET (military--DOD)
• 1974-Commercial version of ARPANET
• 1982- the term “internet” is used for 1st time
• 1988- National Science Foundation took over operation of Internet
2nd
Internet History
• 1990- ARPANET ceases to exist
• 1991- WWW is born
• 1993- White House is “online”
• 1994-Pizza Hut accepts orders for pizza over the net.
Little Known Myths
• WWW in Hebrew translated to English become 666– Some theorists paint picture of WWW as
being the actual beast described in Revelation in Bible
• First web-site, 1991 - http://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
What is the Internet?
• Collection of networks linked together globally
• A network is computers connected by cables or wi-fi (cable free) to share information regardless of manufacturer
• Computer• Wires/Wireless
– Telephone Line– Wi-Fi– DSL– Satellite-Panaband
• Modem
Connection
Connection
Browser/Software- loads and displays a viewer– Internet Explorer– Netscape Navigator– Mozilla Firefox– AOL
Internet Service Provider (ISP)-Company that provides connection for monthly fee– Region 10, CISD– AOL– MSN– EV1
Modem
• Comes from the words Modulate-Demodulate
• your link to the world• uses digital signals converted to analog
signals that travel across regular phone lines
• Wired• Satellite
– Wireless– May or May not allow uploads– Very Fast
1st
Wireless
• Wi-Fi “Wireless Fidelity”– Connects like cell phone
– Within range of base station
– Computer/software must be configured with Wi-Fi radio(similar to PC Card)
– Wi-Fi certified products
• DSL “Digital Subscriber Line”– “Instant Access” Internet Access
– DSL Modem (similar to cable box)
– Computer must have ISP requirements
WWWWorld Wide Web
Three Parts
1. Internet
2. Hypertext(hyperlinks) - Provides clearly visible links to different web pages
3. Multimedia - graphics, sound, animation, video, text
Search Engines
• Website that allows you to “search” for a variety of things
• Gives you a list of websites; “Crawl” the web to index web pages
• Examples: Yahoo, Google, AltaVista, Lycos, Excite, MSN, AOL, GoTo, Snap, HotBot, Web Crawler, Dogpile
Uniform Resource Locator(URL)
• Addressing System
• Identifies location and type
• Contains several parts (protocol, domain, name, path, filename)
• http://www.mtv.com/news.html
URL
• Third Level = http://www.yahoo.com– Hypertext Transfer Protocol
• Second Level = microsoft.com, yahoo.com, ttu.edu
• First Level = .com, .net, .gov– .com = Commercial
– .edu = Universities
– .gov = Federal gov. agencies
• Student Examples
IP Addresses
• Like a post office zip code
• Series of 4 numbers separated by a period
• 192.168.0.1
• address of a computer on a TCP/IP network
• IP Addresses are still in use, but we see them as URL addresses
Browser Icons
• Back
(backspace key)
• Forward
• Home
• Favorites
• Stop
• Refresh
Bookmarks/Favorites
• Copies URL so that you can click on the web page immediately
• Bookmark sites that you refer to often– Yahoo– Hotmail
Multimedia
• Definition: computer based interactive experience; creative expression in technology– Sounds– Music– Video– Animation– Graphics– Text
HTML
• Hypertext Markup Language
• <CENTER></CENTER>
• Tells your web browser how to display web pages– Where to align text– Size of pictures/graphics– colors
E-mail (“Snail Mail”)
• ISP---monthly fee– MSN– AOL
• Free– Hotmail– Yahoo– Google
Time Savers
• Ctrl + C = Copy• Ctrl + X = Cut• Ctrl + V = Paste• Ctrl + S = Save• Ctrl + P = Print• Ctrl + A = Select All• Ctrl + Z = Undo• Ctrl + B= Bold; Ctrl + U=Underline• Ctrl + I= Italics
Copy Right or Wrong?
Copyright
• “Copyright” - property right to a tangible, original work
• exists automatically from the moment a work is created
• Davenport 2007 ©
What is Copyright?
• Copyright guarantees for the creator of a work the right to:– Copy– Reproduce– Distribute or Sell– Perform and Display Publicly– Prepare New Works Based on the
Copyright Act
Protected by Copyright
• Literary works• Musical works, including words• Dramatic works, including music• Pantomimes and choreographic works• Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works• Motion pictures and audiovisual works• Sound recordings• Architectural works
Not Protected
• Works in the public domain (all works which have lost protection)
• Words• Names• Titles• Slogans or other short phrases • URL’s(it’s a fact, like a street
address)
Not Protected
• Government works, which include:– Judicial opinions– Public ordinances– Administrative rulings– Works created by federal
government employees as part of their official responsibility
• Works for which copyright wasn’t obtained or has expired
Does it have this? ©
• Standard identifier • After April 1, 1989 does not require
notice• Assume all is copyrighted
Copyright Exception
• “Fair use” - exception to exclusive rights of copyright holder
– Teachers/students– use for instruction/assignments
only
It’s For An Educational Purpose
• “Fair Use” allows you to use material for non-profit or educational uses, such as:– Criticism– Comment– News reporting– Teaching– Scholarship– Research
Fair Use Guidelines
• Purpose – Educational/Enrichment
• Amount Used– Refer to Internet Training Notes
• Financial Loss?– Is someone losing a profit b/c of you?
• Multimedia Projects– You may make no more than 2 copies
Copyright Use
• 10% or 3 minutes of a motion media clip
• 10% or 30 seconds of a musical work
• 5 images of a single artist
• 10% or 1000 words of text materials
What Can Be Copied?
• A chapter from a book
• An article from a periodical or newspaper
• A short story• Essay• Poem
• Chart• Graph• Diagram• Drawing• Cartoon • Picture
What Should Be Avoided?
• Multiple copies • Same material
– several different courses– Different institutions
Copying from the Internet?
• NOT public domain!!!• Assume copyright• Credit the source• Ask permission• Get a copy• “I’m not selling it! “
Got Permission?
• Commercial or non-educational purpose
• Duplicate the project beyond 2 copies
• Distribute the project
Duration of Protection
• Protection Timetable– Pre-1978 works = 75 years from
publication or registration– Post-1977 works= life of author + 50
years
Infringement
• A civil violation
• Criminal– Willful infringement – commercial/financial gain
Copyright Law Enforcement
• ASK-ASK-ASK– E-mail– Snail Mail (PO)– Tangible Documentation
• You must site everything----CISD AUP
– Avery, James. Platinum Jewelry. January 1995. Rushnell Publishing, Inc. September 18, 2003. <http://www.jamesavery.com>.
FAQ
• Do I need a copyright notice to protect my work on the web?
• Do I need to register with the copyright Office?
• If I give credit, am I still infringing on a copyright?
• Is there anything that I can post to the Web that I did not create myself?
NO
NO
YES
YES
FAQ
• Can I reprint facts?
• If I don’t make any money from copying someone else’s intellectual property, is it infringement?
• Is a copyright infringement a criminal offense?
YES
YES
NO
Works Cited
• Copyright and Fair use in the Classroom www.umuc.edu/library/copy.html
• Copyright Website www.benedict.com• Tell It To The Judge
www.news.com/Quiz/entry• US Copyright Office
www.lcweb.loc.gov/copyright• Tech Soup www.techsoup.org• Wi-Fi www.wifi.org
Resources
• The World Wide Web. 3 September 2007 http://www.livinginternet.com/w/w.htm.
• FreeSite. 3 September 2007 http://www.thefreesite.com/Free_Sounds/Free_WAVs/Tell It To The Judge.
• Movie Wavs.http://www.moviewavs.com/. 3 September 2007
• Sound America. 3 September 2007. http://soundamerica.com/sounds/themes/Commercials/