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Internet Programming Group. Presenter: Aren Ray Topics: Internet Programming XML. History of the World Wide Web. 1990: Sir Tim Berners-Lee – CERN Sharing information among researchers World Wide Web Conference in 1994 W3C Commercialization Boom/Bust Where are we now?. HTTP. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
Internet Programming Group
Presenter: Aren RayTopics: Internet Programming
XML
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
History of the World Wide Web
1990: Sir Tim Berners-Lee – CERN Sharing information among researchers
World Wide Web Conference in 1994 W3C
Commercialization Boom/Bust Where are we now?
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Purpose How it works
Client (user) Request messages and URLs
scheme://name:[email protected]:8042/subdir/file.ext;para=meter?
query=item#fragment
Other common schemes: https, ftp, mailto Server (website)
Process and/or reply
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
History of Browser Clients
1991: WorldWideWeb 1992: Unix and Mac browsers appear
1993: Mosaic 1994: Netscape 1.0 1995: IE 1.0 introduced in Win 95
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
“Browser Wars”
Netscape dominant, IE challenges Rapid-fire versions IE pulls ahead
Included with Windows (then Macs) More money
1998: Antitrust Lawsuit (US v Microsoft) Settled in 2001
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
Markup Languages
Standard Generalized Markup Language Metalanguage
Hypertext Markup Language
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
HTML - Elements Types
Structural: <h1> Presentational <b>, <i>, <u> Hypertext:
Attribute: <font color=“green”> Content: <b>Bold Text</b>
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
HTML Versions 1993: HTML 1.0 1995: HTML 2.0
Tables Image Maps Internationalization
HTML 3.0 (Never Implemented) Complex Math Elements Text Flow
1997: HTML 4.0 “Flavors”
Strict Transitional Frameset
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
HTML – Code Example<html>
<head><title>This is the title of the page.</title>
</head><body>
<p>This is a line of text.</p><p><a href=“http://www.google.com”>This is a URL
link</a></p><p><b>Bold Text</b></p> <ul>
<li>List Item 1</li><li>List Item 2</li>
</ul><table border="1">
<td>Cell 1</td><td>Cell 2</td>
</table></body>
</html>
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
HTML – Display Example
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML - Overview What is XML?
Extensible Markup “Language” Specification User-defined Elements
History Growth of the Web 1996: Jon Bosak
Support from Microsoft 1998: W3C Recommendation Current: XML 1.0 & 1.1
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML – Purpose
Carry vs. Display XML and HTML Doesn’t “do” anything
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML – Processing Files
Simple API for XML Extraction
Document Object Model Navigation
Extensible Stylesheet Language Display/Printing
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML – Documents Well-Formed Documents
Syntax rules<NamE attribute="value">Content</NamE><parent>
<nestedChild>More content</nestedChild></parent><empty />
Valid Documents (User-defined rules) Document Type Definition XML Schema
W3C
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML – Example (1)
Code<bookstore>
<book category="COOKING"> <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title> <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author> <year>2005</year> <price>30.00</price>
</book> </bookstore>
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML – Example (2)
http://www.w3schools.com/xml/nodetree.gif
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XHTML Document
HTML saved in Microsoft Word
<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">…
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XHTML Page
MS Office HTML file size: 2687 B
Notepad HTML file size: 115 B
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML - Summary Generalization User-Defined Elements & Rules Stores Data Advantages
Text-Based Unicode Support Hierarchical Structure
Disadvantages Content <-> Attributes Verbosity Redundancy/Inefficiency
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
XML – Future Directions
Document Authoring
CS 331 – Programming Languages Date: 4-30-08
Sources http://www.w3schools.com/xml/default.asp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/x-xml2008prevw.html
http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ.html