Seventeenth International

Symposium on

Capillary

Chromatography

and Electrophoresis

Wintergreen Conference Center

Wintergreen, Virginia

May 7-11,1995

UB/TIB Hannover 89

120 902 508

Table of Contents

M.J.E Golay Award Lecture

M.J.E. Golay Award 1

Microcolumn Separations of Small Molecules: Looking Toward the Twenty-first

Century. Pat Sandra. D. Steenackers, and A. Venema 2

Plenary Lecture

Microcolumn Separations of Biomacromolecules: Present Status and Future

Perspectives. Milos V. Novotnv 4

Sample Injection in GC

Strategies for Large Volume Sampling in Capillary Gas Chromatography.Carel A. Cramers. H. Mol, J. Bosboora, and H.-G. Janssen 6

Analyzing Solvent Effects in GC Injections Using Solid Phase Micro-extraction.

Nicholas H. Snow and P. Okeyo 8

Large-volume Liquid Injections into 100-j«n Wall-coated Open Tubular Fused Silica

Columns. William H. Robins. J.H. Wahl, and B.W. Wright 10

Concepts for a New Split/Splitless Inlet Pneumatic Design. Philip L. Wvlie. D.W.

Snyder, and P. Larson 12

Electrochemical Detection in CE

Sinusoidal Modulation of Electrochemical Signals for Ultrasensitive Detection in CE.

Werner G. Kuhr. J.K. Cullison, and P. Singhal 14

New Detection Modes for CE/Electr©chemistry. Susan M. Lunte. J. Zhou, and M.

Zhong 16

CE with Electrochemical Detection at Cu Electrodes: Applications to Biochemical

Systems. Richard P. Baldwin. J. Hong, and J. Ye 18

Suppressed Conductometric CE: Measurement of Gases. Purnendu K. Dasgupta and

S. Kar 20

Microcolumn LC

Packed Capillary Microcolumn LC. Technology for the Present. Hernan J. Cortes...

22

Industrial Applications of Microcolumn LC. James N, Alexander 24

Selective Separations with Tailored Stationary Phases in /*HPLC. Yung-Lin Chen.

J.O. Archer, D.F. Silva, and K. Jinno 26

Fully Automated Nano and Microliter Injections in Packed Capillary LC. Mario

Ursem. J. P. Chervet, R.E.J, van Soest, and J.P. Salzmann 28

Present State-of-the-art of Open Tubular LC. R. Swart, H. Poppe, and Johan C.

Kraak 30

Low-concentration Drug Analysis by Semi-microcolumn LC with Polymer-coated

Mixed-function Precolumn. Osamu Shirota. A. Suzuki, T. Kanda, Y. Ohtsu,and M. Yamaguchi 32

Molecular Recognition Mechanisms in Microcolumn LC Separation Processes.

Kivokatsu Jinno. J. Haginaka, and Y. Saito 34

Optimization of Multimodal LC Using Solvent Modulation. Victoria L. McGuffin and

P.H. Lukulay 36

Signal Enhancement in Fluorescence Detection by Selection of Mobile Phase Additive

and Stationary Phase in Microcolumn LC. Tovohide Takeuchi, J. Chu, and T.

Miwa 38

Technological Solutions to Microcolumn LC. Frank J. Yang 40

Universal Detection for Capillary Liquid Separations. S.R. Erskine. H.J. Cortes,CD. Pfeiffer, and Y.M. Walbroehl 42

On the Performance of the Z-cell UV Detector in OTLC. Dirk Steenackers and P.

Sandra 44

Capillary Columns in GC

Coating of Extra Thick Films on Fused Silica Capillary Columns for Low Molecular

Weight Applications. Jack A, Hubball. J.B. Lipsky, S. Burton, and P.

DiMauro 46

Highly Inert Fused Silica Capillary Column for the Analysis of Basic Compounds.David A. Smith. P.H. Silvis, R.A. Morehead, and KJ. Sellers 48

Capillary Columns for BTEX Analysis. Leonard M. Sidiskv. K.H. Kiefer, and M.V.

Robillard50

New Applications of Serially Coupled Columns in Capillary GC. Werner Engewaldand A. Steinborn 52

Detection in CE

CE-Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry for Rapid, Sensitive, QuantitativeElemental Speciation. John W. Olesik. J.A. Kinzer, and S.V. Olesik 54

CE Coupled On-line with Inductively Coupled Plasma MS for Elemental Speciation.Yan Liu. V. Lopez-Avila, J.J. Zhu, and W.F. Beckert 56

Capillary Electrophoresis Using Radiometric Detection. Michael J. Poirier. J.L.

Glajch, and E.F. Barry 58Small Molecular Weight Di- and Tricarboxylic Acids in Urine by CZE Using

Indirect Detection. Damon B. Marsh and K.L. Nuttall 60

Characterization of Radiopharmaceuticals by CE. Ellen Rohde. W.R. Heineman,J.G. Dorsey, and C. Vogt 62

Characterization and Quantification in CZE Using Direct and Indirect Detection.William H. Church and H.-T. Chiang 64

Highly Sensitive Detection for CE Using the Capillary Vibration Effect. T§uguoSawada. T. Kitamori, and T. Odake 66

Multichannel Fluorescence Detection in CE. Jonathan Sweedler. A.T. Timperman,K.E. Oldenburg, R. Fuller, and Y.-M. Liu 68

GC Analysis of PCBs

Gas Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of PAHs, PCB Congeners,and Chlorinated Pesticides in Marine Reference Materials. Michele M.

Schantz. B.A. Benner, Jr., M.J. Hays, D.L. Poster, and S.A. Wise 70

Tentative Identification of Polychlorobiphenyls by Correlation Between Structure

and Gas Chromatographic Retention Time. Gianrico Castello and G.

Testini 72

Octyl Polysiloxane Capillary Column for the GC Analysis of PCB Congeners.Cole L. Woolley. J.L. Desorcie, and N.G. Ervin 686

A Calculation Mode for the Retention Times of All 209 Polychlorinated Biphenyls.Walter Vetter and B. Luckas 74

High Speed GC

Tunable Selectivity Techniques for High-speed GC. Richard Sacks. H, Smith, and M.

Akard 76

Rapid Separation of Complex Widei-molecular-weight Range Samples Using Thermal

Gradient Programmed GC. Wayne A. Rubev and R.C. Striebich 78

Advances in Non-radioactive Pulsed Discharge Electron Capture/Ionization Detector

Use in High Speed Capillary GC. Huamin Cai. J. Madabushi, S.D. Stearns,

and W.E. Wentworth 80

New Sample Introduction and Detection Strategies for High Speed Narrow-bore

Capillary GC. Hans-Gerd Janssen. P. Van Ysacker, H. Snijders, and C.A.

Cramers 82

Multiplex GC: A New Monitoring Method and Its Applications. Min J. Yang and

Janusz Pawliszyn 84

Recent Advances in High Speed GC. David Coe. C. Hodges, Y. Bao, and J. Berg ....86

High-Speed, Comprehensive Two-dimensional GC in Environmental, Human Health

Studies. Zaivou Liu and D.G. Patterson, Jr 88

Application ofHigh Speed GC to ComprehensiveMulti-dimensional Separation. John

B. Phillips 90

CE Analysis of Biomolecules

Visualization of Dynamics of DNA CGE by Laser Fluorescence Microscopy.

Michael P. Morris. R.W. Hammond, and X. Shi 92

Rapid and Sensitive Assay of Oligosaccharide Synthesizing and Hydrolyzing Enzyme

Activity in Single Cells by CE and Laser Induced Fluorescence. Norman J.

Dovichi. Y. Zhang, X.C. Le, M. Palcic, and O. Hindsgaul 686

Marker Techniques in Capillary Electrophoresis. Marja-Liisa Riekkola and J.H.

Jumppanen 94

Separation and Detection of Amino Acids and Proteins in Single PC12 and Glial

Cells. Andrew G. Ewing. C. MacTaylor, S.D. Gilman, and P.J. Beyer 96

Pulsed-field CE. Jan Sudor and M.V. Novotny 98

Immunodetection of Protein Microheterogeneity in Capillary Electrophoresis.R. Reddy, J.K. Abler, and Cheng S. Lee 100

Utilizing Immunoaffinity Interactions in CE and Capillary Chromatography. Robert

T. Kennedy. N.M. Schultz, L.J. Cole, and L. Tao 102

Structural Characterization and Affinity Interaction of Biomolecules Using CE and

MS. Jinping Liu. K.J. Volk, S. Abid, E.H. Kerns, and M.S. Lee 104

Micromachining Technology in MicroseparationsMicromachined Gas Chromatographs: Design Considerations and Performance

Expectations. Edward B. Overton. K.R. Carney, U. Ehrmann, M.T. Stewart,M.C. Murphy, and M.J. Madou 106

Advances in Silicon Micromachining Technology Applied to Capillary GC. Mark W.

Bruns 108

Combining Chemical Reactions and CE Separations on a Chip for Biochemical

Analyses. P. Jed Harrison. K. Fluri, Z. Fan, N. Chiem, and T. Tang 110

Micromachined Devices for Performing Chemical Reactions and Separations.J. Michael Ramsey. S.C. Jacobson, and A.W. Moore 112

Column Technology in CE

Electrophoretic Characterization and Modeling of Poly(Ethylene GlycoI)-coatedCapillaries. J. Milton Harris. K. Emoto, N.L. Burns, and J.M. Van Alstine

...114

Characterization and Applications of Fluorocarbon Modified Silicone Coatings forCE. Pavid T. Mao and R.M.A. Lautamo 116

On the Chemistry of Surfaces and Buffers in CZE-, EKC- and CGE- SeparationSystems. G. Schomhurg. D. Belder, M. Gilges, M.H. KleemiB, F. Kobor, and

St.R. Motsch118

Improved Polymer Coatings for Use in Separation Science. James M. Van Alstine. K.

Emoto, N.L. Burns, and J.M. Harris 120

Novel Surface Coatings in CE Column Technology. W.M. Dickinson and AbdulMalik

122

Organized Chemical Assemblies on Fused Silica Capillary Surfaces for CE. Mingxian

Huang and R. Eksteen124

Rational Approaches for Enhanced Selectivity in CZE. M. K. Weldon, H.L. Fletcher,

and John F. Wheeler 126

Electrically-driven Chromatography

Analysis of Neutral and Highly Polar Compounds Using Electrochromatography.Norman W. Smith, and M.B. Evans 128

Modification of the Inner Capillary Surface by the Sol-Gel Method: Application to

Electrically and/or Pressure Driven Open Tubular LC. Luis A. Col6n and

Y. Guo 130

Pore Size Effects in Capillary Electrokinetic Chromatography. Vincent T. Remcho

and T.J. Vanyo 132

Multidimensional Techniques

On-line LC/GC-based Procedures for Trace-level Determination of Organic

Micropollutants. J.J. (Ren6) Vreuls. A.J.H. Louter, Th. Hankemeier, and

U.A.Th. Brinkman 134

Reversed Phase LC/GC Interfacing Studies for the Determination of Relatively

Volatile Compounds in Complex Mixtures. Bob W. Wright. W.H. Robins, and

J.H. Wahl 136

Comprehensive Two Dimensional Separation by the Coupling of Microcolumn Ion

Exchange and Microcolumn Reversed Phase Chromatography. Lisa A.

Holland and J.W. Jorgenson 138

A New Flow Gating Interface Design for Coupling Microcolumn LC and CE.

Thomas F. Hooker and J.W. Jorgenson 140

Multidimensional Parallel Column Gas Chromatography (PCGC). Patrick MT Owens

and D.W. Loehle 142

Comprehensive Two-dimensional Chromatography for Polymer Distribution and

Compositional Analysis. Robert E. Murphy. M.R. Schure, L.P, Mink, and J.P.

Foley 144

The Separation and Identification of Trace Heteroatomic Species in Jet Fuel by Sam¬

ple Enrichment and Multidimensional GC with Mass Selective Detection. JL

Anderson, J. Garver, W. Rubey, R. Striebich, and R. Grinstead 146

On-line LC/GC/MS for the Analysis of Natural Complex Mixtures. Luigi Mondello.

G. Dugo, and K.D. Bartle 148

DNA Analysis by CE

New Dimensions in Capillary Array Electrophoresis. Richard A. Mathies, J. Ju, A.T.

Woolley, Y. Wang, and A.N. Glazer 150

High Throughput DNA Analysis by Capillary Array Electrophoresis. John Bashkin.

M. Bartosiewicz, D. Barker, and R. Johnston 152

Present Status of a CE-based High Performance DNA Sequencing System in the

Human Genome Project in Japan. Yoshinobu Baba 154

High-speed DNA Sequencing Based on Multiplexed CE. Edward S. Yeung. H.-T.

Chang, Q. Li, X. Lu, and E. Fung 156

Efficient DNA Sequencing System Based on CE. Norman J. Dovichi. J.Z. Zhang, J.Y.

Yan, S. Bay, R. Liu, and P. Roos 686

CE of Large DNA in Dilute and Ultra-dilute Polymer Solutions: An Experimental

and Theoretical Study. Annelise E. Barron. D.S. Soane, and H.W. Blanch 158

Application of CE to the Analysis of Polymerase Chain Reaction Products Used in

Genetic Typing. John M. Butler. B.R. McCord, and R.O. Allen 160

CGE: A Unique Tool for Antisense Analog Analysis. Aharon S. Cohen. B.H. Wang,

and A.J. Bourque 162

Enhanced-Fluidity LC

New Generation of Enhanced-fluidity LC. S.T. Lee, I. Souvignet, H. Yuan, Q. Chen,

and Susan V. Olesik 164

High Temperature Open Tubular Column LC. Karin E. Markides and L.M.

Svensson 166

Temperature Gradient and Its Optimization in Open Tubular LC. K. Ryan, NebojsaM. Diordievic. and F. Erni 168

Investigating the Properties of Packed Capillary Columns in High Temperature LC.

R. Trones, A. Iveland, and Tyge Greibrokk 170

Microcolumn SFC

Packing Capillary Columns with a Supercritical Carrier: Theory and Practice. Keith

P. Bartle. P. Tong, S. M. Shariff, and A.A. Clifford 172

Selectivity Advantages of Capillary Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in the

Characterization of High Value Materials. Robert M. Campbgll and H.J.

Cortes 174

SFC for Sample Preparation and Residue/Nutrient Analysis in Foods. Scott L. Tavlor

and J.W. King 176

CSFC Analysis of Azobisisobutyronitrile in Polyacrylates. Paul P. Souchek and R.A

Ludicky 178

Predicting Resolution in Programmed Capillary SFC. Thomas L. Chester 180

Polymer-fluid Interactions in Typical Capillary SFC Systems. Jon F. Parcher. K.S.

Yun, and S. Panda 182Chemiluminescent Nitrogen Detection in Capillary SFC. H. Shi. J.T.B. Strode III, and

L. T. Taylor 184

Application of SFE to the Analysis of Chlorinated Pollutants in Fish and OspreySamples. Robert C. Hale. M.O. Gaylor, J.F. Thames, C.L. Smith, and R.F.

Mothershead II 186

Headspace/Purge and Trap GC

Sample Transfer in Equilibrium Headspace GC. John V. Hinshaw and W.A.

Seferovic 188

Comparison of Cooking Oils by Direct Thermal Extraction and Purge and TrapGC/MS. Santford V. Overton 686

Analysis of Trace Components in Breath by GC/MS with a Combined Thermo-

desorption-cooled Injection System. Hans Gunther Wahl. A. Chrzanowski,H.M. Liebich, and A. Hoffmann 190

On-line Aqueous Alkylation of Polar Compounds as a Precursor to Automated Static

Headspace Sampling with Analysis by Capillary GC/MS. Kevin J.

Mulligan 192

Clinical/Pharmaceutical Analysis by CEClinical Applications of CE. Wolfgang Thormann 194

Large On-capillary Injections in CZE for Trace Analysis of Drugs in BiologicalSamples. Marita Larsson. S. Nagard, J. Ohlsson, and D.T. Witte 196

CE-based Microassays for Pharmaceutically-relevant Enzymes. N.G. Geddies and

Ponald J. Rose 198

Preconcentration-Capillary Electrophoresis (PC-CE) and PC-CE-Tandem

Mass Spectrometry (PC-CE-MS/MS): Biological Applications. Stephen Navlor.

L. M. Benson, W.P. Braddock, R.P. Oda, and Andy J. Tomlinson 200

Enhanced Liquid Extraction

Microwave Assisted Extraction: A Powerful Sample Preparation Tool for OrganicCompound Analysis. Brian Renoe and J.R. Fish 202

Microwave Assisted Process (MAP): Current Status and Overview. J.R. JocelynPjri, J.M.R. Belanger, M. Fingas, R. Singhvi, R.D. Turpin, and S.S.

Stafford 686

Enhancing the Efficiency of Liquid Extractions. Bruce E. Richter. J.L. Ezzell, N.L.

Porter, and B.A. Jones 204

Application of Microextraction Techniques to Unique Samples. Pedro A. Rodriguez.C.L. Eddy, C.S. Metz, and S. Maeno 206

Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary ChromatographyChemical Selectivity in MEKC: Characterization of Solute Interactions with Individ¬

ual and Mixed Micellar Systems. Morteza G. Khaledi. S. Yang, and J.G.

Bumgarner 208

Development of Molecular Micelles as Pseudo-stationary Phases in MEKC.

Christopher P. Palmer. S. Terabe, and H. Ozaki 210

Physiochemical Measurements by MECC. John G. Dorsey. B.J. Herbert, and B.N.

Woodrow 212

Origin of High-voltage Dispersion in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. L.

Yu and Joe M. Davis 214

Applications of Capillary GCThe Determination of Volatile Organometallic Species in Petroleum Mixtures by

Capillary GC with Atomic Emission Detection. George A. Reiner and R.R.

Wehman

Quick Identification of Unknowns in Complex Samples by Using High Resolution

GC Columns and Mass Spectrometry. Linda Pohertv. D. Mclntyre, R.

Leibrand, and M. Klee 218

Separation of Gases and Volatiles Using Fused Silica and Metal PLOT Columns.

Jaap de Zeeuw. C. Ouvekot, and J. Peene 220

A New Method to Prepare Polymeric Porous Layer Open Tube Columns for GC

Application. Thomas C. Shen and M.-L. Wang 222

Solid Phase ExtractionUse of Physical Chemical Principles to Enhance Analytical Extractions. Douglas E.

Raynie 224

Advances in SPE Sorbents. Craig Markell. R.M. Pieper, and D.F. Hagen 226

Solvation Parameter Model to Predict Retention in SPE Using Cartridge and Disk

Devices. Colin F. Poole and S.K. Poole 228

Analysis of Unknown Compounds in Aqueous Samples by Fully Automated On-line

Solid Phase Extraction: Gas Chromatography-Mass Selective Detection.

Arian J.H. Louter. J.J. Vreuls, C.A. van Beekvelt, and U.A.Th. Brinkman...

230

Recent Developments in Solid Phase Microextraction. A. Boyd-Bolland, M. Chai, T.

Gorecki, L. Pan, and Janusz Pawliszvn 232

Applications of Enhanced Automated Solid Phase Microextraction. John R. Berg...

234

Isotopic Analyses of Semivolatile Compounds Using SPME and CSIA. Robert F.

Dias and K.H. Freeman 236

Using On-line Membrane Extraction for Continuous Monitoring of Organic Pollut¬

ants. Somenath Mitra, N. Zhu, and L. Zhang 238

Chiral SeparationsNew Chiral In Situ Charged Micelles for the Separation of Enantiomers by MECC.

Ziad El Rassi and Y. Mechref 240

Chiral Separations Using Packed Capillary Microcolumn LC. Hernan J. Cortes and

L.W. Nicholson 242

Mechanistic and Molecular Modeling Studies of Cyclodextrin-modified CapillaryElectrokinetic Separations. Michael J. Sepaniak. C.L. Copper, K.W. Whitaker,J.B. Davis, and V.C. Anigbogu 244

Recent Developments in the CE Separation of Enantiomers. Gvula Vigh. R.L. Wil¬

liams, M.E. Biggin, H. Cai, T.E. Horton, J.B. Vincent, and B.A. Williams...

246

Polysulfated Carbohydrates as Chiral Additives in CZE. Aprvll M. Stalcup. K.H.

Gahm, and N.M. Agyei 248

Chiral Separations of Pharmaceuticals by CE in Free Solutions and EntangledPolymer Matrices. Helena Soini. J. Bao, N. Parekh, and M.V. Novotny 250

Optimization of Enantiomeric Selectivity in CE. Heinz Engelhardt and Th. Schmitt. .

252

Toward Unified Enantioselective Capillary Chromatography (GC, SFC, LC, and

CEC) Involving Chirasil-dex. Volker Schurig. M. Jung, S. Mayer, S. Negura,M. Fluck, and H. Jakubetz 254

MEKC Chiral Separation of Tri Aza Aromatic Ligand Compounds of Iron(II). S.

Elshihabi, M.M. See, K.A. Woody, J.A. Burke, and Michelle M. Bushey....

256Immobilization of Selectively Substituted Cyclodextrins for GC and SFC. Jurgen

Donnecke. W.A. KQnig, O. Gyllenhaal and J. Vessman 258

GC Separation of Enantiomers: Chiral Recognition with Specially Derivatized

Cyclodextrins: Interpretation on the Basis of Molecular Modeling Calcula¬tions. Frank Kobor. K. Angermund, and G. Schomburg 260

New Results in the Analysis of Chiral Hydrocarbons by Enantioselective CapillaryGC. Wilfried A. Konig. C. Fricke, B. Gehrcke, I.H. Hardt, D.H. Hochmuth,A. Rieck, Y. Saritas and C. Wolf 262

Retrieval and Prediction of Enantiomer Separation Data in GC. Bemhard

Koppenhoefer. U. Epperlein, and J. Goppert 686

Computational Chemical Analysis of Chiral Recognition in LC: Selectivity of N-(Z?)-l-(a-naphthyl)ethyIamino carbonyl-R-valine and N-(jR)-l-(a-naphthyl)ethy!amino carbonyl-(5)-valine Bonded Aminopropyl Silica Gels.

Toshihiko Hanai. H. Hatano, N. Nimura, and T. Kinoshita 264

Mass Spectrometry Detection

Integral Capillary LC/Micro-electrospray Ion Source for Ultra-high Sensitivity MS

Detection, Richard M. Caprioli. M.R. Emmett, and P.E. Andr6n 266

CE/MS: A Practical Approach. Hansjoerg Duerr. W. Kreiss, and J.R. Wesener 268

Affinity CE/MS. Barrv L. Karg&r 270

CE/Electrospray/Ion Trap MS: Achieving Ultra-low Detection Limits. Roswitha S.

Ramsey. D.E. Goeringer, G.J. Van Berkel, and S.A. McLuckey 272

CE Combined with New Forms of High Performance MS. Richard P. Smith, Z.

Zhao, Q. Gao, S.A. Hofstadler, H.R. Udseth, and A.L. Rockwood 274

Open Tubular SFC/MS: Progress and Applications. J. David Pinkston. C.A. Smith,R.T. Hentschel, and T.R. Baker 276

A Novel Interface for Electrokinetic Chromatography/MS. Joe P. Foley and J.A.

Masucci 278

Post Column Modification of the Mobile Phase in Microcolumn LC/MS. Karl-Erik:

Karlsson 280

Packed Capillary and Open Tubular SFC-ICPMS for the Analysis of OrganometallicCompounds. Mark W. Ravnor. E. Blake, and D. Cornell 282

Automatic GC and GC/MS Systems for Trace Analysis Based on Large Volume

Sample Injection. Fausto Munari. P. Magni, P.A. Colombo, G. Zilioli, and S.

Trestianu 686

Combining Microcolumn LC with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry. Liang Li....

284

Microcolumn LC/MS in Pharmaceutical Research. Steven M. Fields. B.L.

Ackermann, B.T. Regg, J.L. Dage, D.J. Robke, and T.A. Dourdeville 286

Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Supercritical Fluids and Environmental Analysis. J.R. Dean and Ian A. Fowlis . . .

288

Time, Temperature and Pressure Effects in the SFE of Polymers and Fibers. Michael

J. Drews. K. Ivey, S. Feng, J. Moak, and C. Lam 290

Sample Preparation for Environmental Analysis: SFE Versus Microwave-Assisted

Extraction. Viorica Lopez-Avila and R. Young 292

Successful Trapping = Successful SFE. W.N. Moore and Larry T. Taylor 294

Routine Applications of SFE for Herbicides, Marv Ellen P. McNallv. S.A. Desmond,and D.G. Hoffman 296

Effects of Temperature on SFE Recovery and Solubility ofOrganic Pollutants. David

J. Miller. S.B. Hawthorne, J.J. Langenfeld, and Y. Yang 298

Focused Microwave Assisted Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds from

Standard Reference Materials, Sediments, and Biological Tissues. H61ene

Budzinski. P. Baumard, A. Papineau, P. Garrigues, D. Mathe, and S. Wise. . . 300

Particle SeparationsCharacterization of the Size and Contents of Individual Vesicles by Tandem

Capillary Hydrodynamic Chromatography - Reversed Phase

Chromatography. S.T. Wills and James W. Jorgenson 302

Separation of Particles and Cells by Hydrodynamic Capillary Forces. Josef Chmelik.

F. Matulik, J. Plocek, and E. Urbankova, and J. Pazourek 304

Separation and Characterization of Inorganic Fine Particles by CE. Gerald R.

Ducatte. N.E. Ballou, C. Quang, and S.L. Petersen 306

XIV

Posters

Capillary Column GC

1 Optimization of Temperature Programmed GC Separations. Part 1: Prediction of

Retention Times and Peak Widths from Published Thermodynamic and

Kinetic Data. H. Snijders, Hans-Gerd Janssen.and C.A. Cramers 308

2 Microtrap Based Injection Systems for On-line GC Monitoring at Trace Levels.

Somenath Mitra. A. Lai, and Y.H. Xu 310

3 Flavor and Aroma in Natural Bee Honey. Santford V. Overton and J.J. Manura....

312

4 Chemometric Approach to the Ranking of Stationary Phases for GC by their

Capacity for Specific Intermolecular Interactions. Colin F. Poole and S.K.

Poole 314

5 Large-volume On-column Injections for Identification of Pesticides at the Low ng/L

Level with GC/MS. Rene J.J. Vreuls. Th. Hankemeier, S. Ramalho, M. de

Jong, and U.A.Th. Brinkman 316

6 Determination of Thermodynamic Interaction Constants by Comprehensive Two-

dimensional GC. J.J. Yan and John B. Phillips 318

7 Resolution Generation in Thermal Gradient Programmed GC. Wayne A. Rubey . . .

320

8 Cryofocusing Inlet Systems for High-speed GC. Richard P. Sacks. M.A. Klemp, A.J.

Peters, and M.L. Akard 322

9 Capillary GC/ECD and GC/ECNI Characterization of Toxaphene Residues in

Primates During a Feeding Study. Paul Andrews. K. Headrick, J.-C. Pilon, B.

Lau, D. Weber, F. Bryce, and F. Iverson 324

10 Physiological Fluid Organic Acid Profiling by Capillary GC After a Simplified

Sample Workup. Petr HuSek 326

11 Optimization of PLOT Columns for Challenging Chromatographic Analyses. G.A.

Barone. M.J. Feeney, and A. Schuyler 328

12 New GC Quartz-lined Aluminum Capillary Columns Coated with Graphitized

Carbon Black Modified by Liquid Phases. M.A. Rezai, L. Lattanzi, and

Fabrizio Bruner 330

13 Fused Silica Polydimethylsiloxane Capillary Column for GC/MS Applications. The

CP SIL 5 GC/MS Column. J. Peene, F. Biermans, C. Duvekot, M. Mohnke,

Jan Buijten, B. Schmidt, and R. Schmidt 332

14 Reproducibility and Sensitivity of l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane in High Resolution

Gas Chromatography Columns. Roberto M. Cabrera and M. Siami 334

15 Structure-retention Correlations of Substituted Benzenes. Gianrico Castello. S.

Vezzani, and P. Moretti 336

16 Long-term Storage of Water Samples for Headspace Analysis of Halocarbons.

Gianrico Castello and S. Vezzani 338

17 A Rapid Analytical Procedure for Determination of Salbutamol in Urine Samples by

GC/MSD. Carmen Gabiola. M.A. Garcia-Calonge, M.P. Portillo, J.A.

Martinez, and A.S. del Barrio 340

18 Analysis of Phenols by Using High Resolution GC/MS and Comparison with Other

Gas Chromatographic and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic

Techniques. Tomaso C. Gerbino. G. Garbarino, andD. Spelta 342

19 Prediction of Programmed Temperature Retention Times and Programmed

Temperature Retention Indices on Capillary Columns Connected in Series.

Tomaso C. Gerbino. G. Garbarino, and P.P. Bon 344

20 A Routine Analytical Method for the Determination of Triallate and Chlordane on

Leachate Samples. Eduardo P. Mateus and F.P. Santana 346

21 MTBE Analysis on a New Non-polar CP-select for MTBE, Column. Manfred

Mohnke. F. Biermans, B. Schmidt, R. Schmidt, C. Duvekot, J. Peene, and H.

Rotzsche 348

22 Determination of cw,«'s-Methylene-interrupted Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in

Selected Oils and Foodstuffs Using Acidic Hydrolysis and GC Quantitation.

Rodney R. Johnson 350

23 A New Low Bleed Capillary Column Designed for Maximizing Ion Trap Mass

Spectrometer Sensitivity. Rov M.A. Lautamo. T.L. Patterson, and S.L.

Reese 35224 The Design and Optimization of a Bench Top Fixed Gases Analyzer Using Metal

Capillary Column Technology. Jim Luong. J. de Zeeuw, A. Eidt, T. Lai, and

J. Ollerenshaw 35425 The Analysis of Sulfur Compounds in Hydrocarbons Using a Highly Inert, Low

Bleed, Capillary Column and Sulfur Selective Detector. Jim Luong. J. de

Zeeuw, A. Eidt, and J. Ollerenshaw 356

26 On-site Monitoring System for Hazardous Air Pollutants Using Adsorption/ThermalDesorption/Capillary GC/PID/ELCD. Tsuneaki Maeda. K. Funaki, Y.

Yamaguchi, K. Ichioka, K. Suzuki, N. Yamamoto, and M. Morita 35827 Characterization of the Physiological Condition of Eucalyptus Globulus Labil by

Headspace HRGC Analysis of the Bouquet of Odors. Eduardo P. Mateus.

M.H. Farrall, and M.R. Paiva 360

28 Gas Chromatographic Determination of Terpene Composition of DifferentProvenances of Cedrus libani. Marco Michelozzi. R. Tognetti, C. Boggi, andA.E. Squillace 362

29 Co-relationship Between Terpenes in the Essential Oil of Pinus nigra Am.,Determined through Capillary Gas Chromatography (CGC) in DifferentProvenances in Bulgaria. Krassimir P. Naidenov 364

30 Fuel Type Classification and Parameters Predictions by GLC Analysis. Ponald K.Minus 366

31 Development of a Unique Stationary Phase for Gas Chromatographic Analysis ofBlood Alcohols and Related Compounds. Rick Morehead. C. Linton, and N.Mosesman 368

32 Improved Capillary Gas Chromatographic Separation of OVI Residual Solvents.Victor Alevnikov and Michael J. O'Hare 370

33 Cold Splitless Injection for Minimizing Breakdown of Endrin and DDT Pesticides.Tammv J. Riga 372

34 Determination of High Molecular Compounds Using Direct Thermal Extraction

(DTE). Tammv J. Riga 37435 Manipulating Column and Injector Parameters to Improve Splitless Injections. Dean

Rood, M. Hastings, and A.K. Vickers 37636 Study of Isomeric Trans Fatty Acids Content in Commercial Spanish Foods. FL

Mario Fernandez San Juan 68637 Simultaneous Universal and Sulfur Selective Detection Using a Flame Ionization

Detector, Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector and Novel Detector Interface.Randv L. Shearer. R.S. Hutte, and P.P. Kosenka 378

38 A New Y Connector for Fused Silica Capillaries that Doesn't Leak or UnpredictablyCome Apart. Bradley R. Rightnour and P.H. Silvis 380

39 A New Approach to Qualitative Analysis of Flavor Volatiles Using Kov&ts Indices.

Sherry P. Sponsler and M.J. Feeney 382

40 Application of New Stationary Phases to the Analysis of Aromatics in HydrocarbonBlends by GC. Phil Stremple. A. Vickers, S. Reese, and R. Lautamo 686

41 Differently Designed Programmed Temperature Vaporizing (PTV) Liners for

Chlorinated and Sulfur Compounds Introduction in Capillary GC. Wen-Fa

Sve and C.-C. Shu 38442 Capillary Gas Chromatography of Organotin Chlorides Using a Column Pretreated

with Hydrogen Bromide. Masahiro Takeuchi. K. Mizuishi, and T. Hobo....

38643 Aroclor Characterizations Using a Novel Cyanobiphenyl Stationary Phase and Mass

Spectrometric Detection, Barbara R. Hillerv. J.E. Girard, M.M. Schantz, and

S.A. Wise 388

44 A Dedicated System for the Determination of Trace Level Polar Organic Compounds(PVOCs) in Ambient Air. Andv Tipler. R. Dang, and I. Seeley 390

45 Determination of Volatile Analytes in Very Wide Volatility Range Samples Using a

Programmable Split/Splitless (PSS) Injection System. Andy Tipler 686

46 Preliminary Studies of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Brazilian Steel Mill

Environment. Maria Goreti Vale. E.B. Caramao, and A.F. Martins 392

47 The Influence of the Stationary Gas Chromatographic Phase on the Elution Order

of Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Walter Vetter. B. Luckas, and M. Mohnke.... 394

48 Gas Chromatography on Packed Capillary Microcolumns with InorganicAdsorbents. Larisa M. Vorobjeva 396

49 Quantitation of 4-Heptanone in Urine by Headspace GC/MS Analysis Using a

Multipurpose Sampler. Hans Gunther Wahl. A. Chrzanowski, H.M. Liebich,D. Luft, and A. Hoffmann 398

50 Study of the Fate and Persistence of Crude Oil Stranded on a Sheltered Beach in the

1981 Baffin Island Oil Spill (BIOS) Experiment by GC/MS and GC/FID.

Zhendi Wang and M. Fingas 400

51 Organic Volatile Impurities in Pharmaceuticals: Selectivity of Capillary GC Columns

and Extraction by SPME. Cole L. Woollev. J.L. Desorcie, J. Murnyack, and

C. Kepler 686

52 PCB Congener Separations: Effect of Column Stationary Phase. Cole L. Woolley.J.L. Desorcie, and N.G. Ervin 686

53 New Capillary GC Columns for Separating VOCs. Cole L. Woollev. R. E. Shirey, and

J.L. Desorcie 686

54 Separation of Low ppm Levels of Fixed Gases and Impurities in Hydrocarbon Feed

Stocks Using Metal Capillary Plot Columns and Valve Switching Technique.J. Luong and Jaap de Zeeuw. A. Eidt, and J Ollerenshaw 402

55 Influence of Oven Temperature on the Elution of Profiles of Ct-Cs HydrocarbonsUsing A1203 Plot Columns with KC1 and N^SO,, Deactivation. Jaap de

Zeeuw. C. Duvekot, and J.W. Marinissen 404

56 Separation of Chloro-fluor-carbons (CFC) by Using High Resolution Plot Columns.

Jaap de Zeeuw. D. Zwiep, and J.W. Marinissen 406

57 Investigation of Retention Characteristics of Several Bonded GC Phases for the

Separation of all 209 PCB Isomers. Jaap de Zeeuw. E. de Witte, and J.

Buyten 408

58 Linear-logarithmic Relationships as a Common Type of Functional Dependencies for

Organic Compounds in Chromatography: Retention Indices in Capillary

Chromatography Under Temperature Programming, Their Precalculation

from Physico-chemical Constants and Precalculation of Boiling

Temperatures. Igor G. Zenkevich 410

59 Fast GC/MS of Aromatic Hydrocarbons. P. Atherton, S. Finnigan, A. Gilbert, S.

Hanson, L. Lu, A. Preston, and Steve Smith 686

60 High Speed Trace Analysis by the Use of Hot Splitless Injections in Combination

with Narrow-bore GC Columns. Peter G. Van Ysacker. H.M. Snijders, H.-

G.M. Janssen, and C.A. Cramers 412

61 Analysis of Sulfur Compounds in Gasolines Using Capillary GC with Atomic

Emission Detection. Kristina Tolvaj and M. JuMsz 414

62 Gas Chromatographic Performance Characteristics of Several Carbon Plot Columns

and Other Porous Solid Plot Columns. William R. Betz and M.J. Keeler....

416

63 Separation of Permanent Gases on Molecular Sieves/5A Plot Column. Zhenghua Ji. . 418

64 High Sample Throughput for Environmental Analysis with 0.45mm I.D. CapillaryColumns. Allen K. Vickers. D. Rood, and M. Hastings 420

65 The Analysis of C4 - C„ Hydrocarbons in Naphtha and Reforming Gasoline with a

NEW Apolar Fused Silica Column. P. Estel, Manfred Mohnke. F. Biermans,H. Rotzsche 422

66 A Capillary Photoreactor for Degradation Studies of Carbohydrates and Alcohols

in Waste Water. F. Steiner. H. Engelhardt, and R. Krumbholz 42467 Interactive Use of Kovats Indices, on Polar and Apolar Columns, with a MS-Library

for Reliable Identification of Complex Mixtures. L. Mondello, P. Dugo. A.

Basile, G. Gugo, and K. Bartle 42668 An Analysis of Halon 1301 Combustion Products Using GC-MS with a Wide-Bore,

Porous Layer Open Tubular (PLOT) Column. Richard Striebich. W. Rubey,and R. Grinstead 428

69 The Use of Inverse Chromatography to Investigate Adsorption of Solutes in the

Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Phases. Richard Striebich, W. Rubey,and B. Ohler 430

Micromachining Technology in Microseparations70 Field Analytical Applications of Silicon Micromachined Gas Chromatographs.

Edward B. Overton. K.R. Carney, U. Ehrmann, and M.T. Stewart 43271 Microchip Electrophoresis of Biological Materials. S.C. Jacobson, A.W. Moore, and

J. Michael Ramsey 434

Multidimensional Techniques72 Integrated Chromatography: On-line Coupled Multidimensional LC/GC/SFC.

Hernan J. Cortes. R.M. Campbell, and O.K. Hanselman 43673 Multidimensional Separation of Peptide Mixtures and Tryptic Digests of Proteins.

Dorothea J. Jeffery and J.W. Jorgenson 43874 Improving the Analysis Range of the Loop-type Interface by Phase-soaking. Arjan

J.H. Louter. R. Herraez-Hernandez, J.J. Vreuls, and U.A.Th. Brinkman 44075 n-Nitrosodimethylamine: Multidimensional HRGC/LRMS versus HRGC/HRMS.

Dale Sutherland 44276 Determination of Beta-blockers in Urine by On-line Coupled RP/HPLC/HRGC with

On-line Derivatization. Tuulia Hvotvlainen, R. Pilvio, and M.-L. Riekkola...

44477 Using a Capillary as Precolumn for a Packed Column in the Multidimensional GC

Separation of Halocarbons from Permanent Gases. Steven M. Fields 446

78 Analysis of Individual Adrenomedullary Cell Vesicles with Tandem CapillaryHydrodynamic Chromatography/Liquid Chromatography. Scott T. Wills and

J.W. Jorgenson 448

79 Automated, Two-dimensional Separations of Proteins Combining Electrophoresisand LC. S.H. Brown and Donald J. Rose 450

80 Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Chromatography for Polymer Distribution and

Compositional Analysis. Robert E. Murphy, M.R. Schure, L.P. Mink, and J.P.

Foley 686

Microcolumn LC

81 The Reality of Micro-HPLC as an Analytical Technique. J. Archer, D. Silva, and

Yung-Lin Chen 452

82 Microcolumn Switching for Enhanced Sample Handling in Packed Capillary LC.

Mario Ursem. J.P. Chervet, R.E.J, van Soest, and J.P. Salzmann 454

83 Slurry Packing Techniques for the Preparation of Micro-LC Columns. J.P.C.

Vissers, E.C.J, van den Hoef, H.A. Claessens, Carel A. Cramers. J. Laven, and

W.G.M. Agterof 456

84 Separation of Higher Fullerenes and Metallofullerenes in Microcolumn LC.

Kivokatsu Jinno. Y. Saito, H. Ohta, K. Nakagawa, H. Nagashima, K. Itoh, J.C.

Fetzer, W.R. Biggs, J.J. Pesek, and Y. Chen 458

85 LC Determination of the Contribution of Intermolecular Interactions to Retention

in a Cyanopropylsiloxane-bonded Silica-based Sorbent. Donna S. Seibert and

C.F. Poole 460

86 Determination of Cortisol in Human Urine by Semi-microcolumn LC. T. Kanda,Osamu Shirota. Y. Ohtsu, and M. Yamaguchi 462

87 Separation and Fluorescence Enhancement ofDansylamino Acids Assisted by Bovine

Serum Albumin in Microcolumn LC. Toyohide Takeuchi. T. Miwa, and J.

Chu 464

88 High Temperature Open Tubular Column Liquid Chromatography: Evaluation of

Columns. Lena M. Svensson and K.E. Markides 466

89 Electrochromatography in Open Tubular and Packed Capillaries. R. Swart, G.

Stegeman, H. Poppe, and Johan C. Kraak 468

90 Gradient Separation of Complex Mixtures of Polyphenolic Acids by Microcolumn

Liquid Chromatography: Development, Computer Aided Optimization and

Comparison with the Analysis by Conventional HPLC. Oliva Cabaleiro and

R. Cela 470

91 Packed Capillary Size Exclusion Chromatography Using Polymeric StationaryPhases. Hernan J. Cortes and CO. Pfeiffer 472

92 Fast Capillary Microcolumn LC for the Assay of Insecticide Formulations. Jeannine

M. Healv and H.J. Cortes 474

93 Analysis of Histamine and Serotonin in Single Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells by

Micropacked Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection.

Showchien Hsieh and J.W. Jorgenson 476

94 Study of the Effects of Weathering on the Chemical Composition of a Light Crude

Oil Using GC/FTD and GC/MS. Zhendi Wang and Mery Fingas 478

95 Retention Dependencies of ra-Alkanes from B-Alkanes as Eluent on C18 Columns. Yu

V. Kazakevich and H.M. McNair 480

96 Application of Linear-logarithmic Retention Index System in High Pressure Liquid

Chromatography. Igor G. Zenkevich 482

Microcolumn SFC

97 Novel Low Temperature Glassy Carbon Stationary Phases for Use in GC, SFC, LC

and CE. D. Albaiu, Y. Zhang, C.T. Rittenhouse, and Susan V. Olesik 484

98 SFC/MS and GC/MS Identification of Differently Functionalized Siloxanes. K.

Kappler, U. Scheim, F. Keidel, and Ulrich Just 486

99 Separation of PCBs and PAHs by On-line Supercritical Fluid Extraction,

Supercritical Fluid Fractionation and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography.

G.B. Shyue, W.C. Lin, and Jacob C. Kuei 488

100 Comparison of a "Short-heated-zone" Flame Ionization Detector to a Traditional FID

for Detection after Open-Tubular SFC. J. David Pinkston and R.T.

Hentschel 490

101 Putting Things Together in SFC: A Better Union, and the Best Union of All. L

David Pinkston. R.T. Hentschel, C.A. Smith, B.A. Jones, and J. Clark 492

102 Separation of Gas Oil Samples by Coupled Packed and Open Tubular Column SFC.

Robert Pal. K. Tolvaj, and M. Juhasz 494

103 Evaluation of a Fluorocarbon Bonded Silica Using Packed Capillary Column

SFC. Wenbao Li. E. Ibanez, MX. Lee, and A. Malik 496

104 Polymer Encapsulated Particles for Packed Capillary Column Supercritical Fluid

Chromatography, Yufeng Shen and Milton L. Lee 498

105 A Unified Chromatograph for Gas-, Supercritical Fluid-, and Micro-liquid

Chromatography, Daixin Tong. K.D. Bartle, A.A. Clifford, and R.E.

Robinson 500

Mass Spectrometry Detection

106 Industrial Applications of Microcolumn LC/Electrospray/MS. James N. Alexander

IV. and G.A. Schultz 502

107 Qualitative LC/MS Analysis Using Packed Capillary Columns. L. Svensson and Karl-

Erik Karlsson 686

108 High Sensitivity Analysis of Proteins and Peptides by CE/ES/ITMS. Roswitha S.

Ramsey. D.E. Goeringer, G.J. Van Berkel, and S.A. McLuckey 504

109 Electrospray-condensation Particle Counting: A Macromolecule Counting Detector

for Capillary Separations. Kenneth C. Lewis and J.W. Jorgenson 506

110 Research on the Glycoside-bound Terpenic Compounds in Galician Grape Musts by

Capillary GC/MS and GC/MS/MS. Carmen M. Garcfa-Jares, N. Carro-

Marino, I. Carballo-Pena, and R. Cela-Torrijos 508

111 Characterization of Petroleum Coke as a Combustion Fuel Using GC/MS, Curie

Point Pyrolyser-GC/MS Techniques. T. Cakal, M. Citiroglu, M. Ferhat

Yardim. M.E. Apak, and E. Ekinci 510

112 Evaluation of GC/NICI/MS and LC/APCI/MS in the Identification of

Chloramphenicol in Cheese. Elizabeth M. Calvev. D. Andrzejewski, J.E.

Matusik, and S.M. Musser, and T.L. Pohland 512

113 A Comparison of Capillary GC/MS and Capillary HPLC/MS for the Analysis of

Fecal Bile Acids in the Sprague-Dawley Rat. Michael P. Purdon and L.O.

Whiteley 514

114 Determination of Tributyltin and Triphenyltin Compounds in Environmental

Materials by Gas Chromatography/Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass

Spectrometry. Kazuko Mizuishi. M. Takeuchi, and T. Hobo 516

115 High Speed Narrow-bore Capillary GC in Combination with a Fast Double-focusingMass Spectrometer. Peter G. Van Ysacker. J. Brown, H.-G. Janssen, P.A.

Lelercq, A. Phillips, and C.A. Cramers 518

116 Capillary Isoelectric Focusing-EIectrospray Mass Spectrometry for ProteinCharacterization. Q. Tang, K. Harrata, and Cheng S. Lee 520

117 Optimization of a Corona Discharge Ion Source for Supercritical Fluid

Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Iulia M. Lazar. E.D. Lee

and M.L. Lee 522

118 GC/MS and GC/AED Analyses for the Presence of Amines and an Alkyl Tin in an

Aquarium that Suffered a Fish Die-off. Jack W. Cochran. D. Green, V.R.

Beasley, S.G. Diana, and M.G. Greenwell 524

119 GC/MS and GC/FTIRof 1,2-Propanediol Dinitrate, a Military Propellant, and SomeDegradation Products. Jack W. Cochran. D. Green, D. Cropek, and S.L.

VanderLoop 526

120 GC/MS Screening with a New Chemical Ionization Technique (Ion Trap WaterCl+).Heike Richter. A. Landrock, and H. Merten 528

Capillary Electrophoresis121 Separation and Determination of Aliphatic Amines in Environmental Matrices by

CE Using Indirect UV and Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection. William

C. Brumlev and W.H. Matchett 530

122 DNA Separations by Capillary Electrophoresis in Uncrosslinked Polymer Solutions:

The Importance of Polymer Length, Stiffness, and Concentration, Annelise

E. Barron. W.M. Sunada, and H.W. Blanch 532

123 CE for Monitoring Bioactive Compounds In Vivo and In Vitro. Robert T. Kennedy.

M.W. Lada, and N.M. Schultz 534124 Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis. Morteza G. Khaledi. B. Ye, F. Wang, and V.

Ward 536

125 On-capillary FTP Focusing - CZE for the Quantitation of Organic Acids. Marita

Larsson and J. Ohlsson 538126 Continuous In Vivo Monitoring of Neurotransmitters by Microdialysis Sampling with

On-line Derivatization and CE Separation. D.K. Hansen, S. Zhou, H. Zuo,J.F. Stobaugh, CE. Lunte, and Susan M. Lunte 686

127 Surfactant Induced Reversal of Electroosmotic Flow in a Fluorocarbon Modified

Capillary. David T. Mao and R.M.A. Lautamo 540

128 Practical Aspects of CE and CE-MS in the Analysis of Drug Metabolite Mixtures.

Stephen Navlor. L.M. Benson, and A.J. Tomlinson 542

129 Determination of Clenbuterol in Biological Samples by CZE. Sam P.P. Lalliie and P.

Sandra 544

130 Inter-band On-column Chemical Reaction for Capillary Flow Injection Analysis.Hiroaki Kawanishi. T. Kitamori, and T. Sawada 546

131 Analyte/Wall Interactions in CZE- and EKC-Separations: Influence of the STERN-

Layers in Modified and Unmodified Fused Silica Capillaries. Frank Kobor.

D. Belder, and G. Schomburg 548

132 CE/Laser Fluorimetry Instrumentation for the Facile Optimization of Rapid DNASeparations. Brian K. Clark. M.J. Sepaniak, and Tuan Vo-Dinh 550

133 Probing the Neuropeptides Within a Neuron Using CI. Jonathan V. Sweedler. S.

Tracht, S. Shippy, and J. Jankowski 552

134 Novel Approach to Efficiency Enhancement in CE. Gyula Vigh and R.L. Williams. .

554

135 Isotachophoretic Enhancement of Trace-level Analytes in Real-world Samples. G. B.

Dawson, B.W. Boyd, and John F. Wheeler 556

136 Anion Analysis of the By-products of Peptide Synthesis. John E. Wiktorowicz and

W.E. Werner 687

137 Dual Electrode Amperometric Detection in CE. Richard P. Baldwin. M.Z. Luo, and

P.D. Voegel 558

138 Electrostacking in Air: What Can You Gain From It? A. Sjogren and Purnendu K.

Dasgupta 560

139 Matrix Effects in CZE. J. Boden, T. Groh, and Knut Bachmann 562

140 Use of Capillary Electrophoresis for Studying Coumarin Metabolism in Liver

Microsomes. Declan Bogan, B. Deasy, R. O'Kennedy, and M.R. Smyth 564

141 Laser Retroreflective Beams Interference Phase-Shift Detection Method for CE. Jie-

Ke Cheng. J.-C. Ren, and Y.-Z. Deng 566

142 Separation of Plasma Lipoproteins by CZE. Ingrid P. Cruzado. Z. Hu, and R.P.

Macfarlane 568143 Resolution Enhancement in Capillary Electrophoresis Using Flow Counterbalanced

Migration. Christopher T. Culbertson and J.W. Jorgenson 570

144 Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis Methods for the Analysis of Achiral,Chiral, and Compounds Which Exhibit Limited Water Solubility. C.W.

Pemarest, E.A. Monnot-Chase, S.A. Cassidy, K.M. Payne, H.S. Bronder, S.

Wang, T. Catalano, D.J. Skanchy, and J.F. Stobaugh 572145 Analysis of Fumonisin Bt in Corn by CE with Fluorescence Detection of the FMOC

Derivative. Manuel Holcomb. and H.C. Thompson 574146 Flow Switching in On-line Capillary Microreactors/Capillary Electrophoresis for

Generation, Separation, and Detection of Protein Digests. L. Licklider andWerner G. Kuhr 576

147 High Speed Separation of Basic Drugs with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis in Non¬

aqueous Media. G.N.W. Leung and T.S.M. Wan 578148 Direct Chiral Separation of Amino Acids Derivatized with 2(9-anthryl) Ethyl

Chloroformate by Capillary Electrophoresis. H. Wan. A. Engstrom, and L.G.Blomberg 580

149 Practical and Quantitative Aspects in the Analysis of FTTC and DTAF Amino AcidDerivatives by CE and LIF Detection. Sam P.P. Lalljie and P. Sandra 582

150 Complexation Studies by CE. Inna K. Sakodinskava. S. Fanali, and A.K.Yatsimirsky ggy

151 Detection of the Scrapie Prion Protein by CE. Mary Jo Schmerr. K.R. Goodwin, andR.C. Cutlip 584

152 Analysis of Sulfonated Phenyl Derivatives by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis.Gregory C. Slack. J.L. Glajch, and E. Gangl 586

153 Separation and Quantitation of Ranitidine Hydrochloride in Urine Samples by CZE.X. Sun, D. Blankenship, and H.M. McNair 588

154 Analysis of Residual TFA in Synthetic Peptides. J.E. Wiktorowicz, P.M. Demorest,and William E. Werner

'

590155 Spatial-Scanning Detection for Capillary Electrophoresis. Stephen C. Beale. S.J

Sudmeier, T. Wang, and D.J. Rose 592156 Measurement of Adenosine by Capillary Electrophoretic Techniques. Stephen C.

Beale, C.-C. Wang, and W.P. McCann 594157 Sample Stacking by Acetonitrile-salt Mixtures. Z.K. Shihahi

............ 596

158 Rapid Normal Raman Spectroscopy as a Detection Method for CapillaryElectrophoresis. Michael P. Morris. P.A. Walker III, and W.K. Kowalchyk . .

598

Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography159 Nonionic/Anionic Mixed Micelle Pseudophases in Micellar Electrokinetic

Chromatography: Brij 35/SDS vs. Brij 30/SDS. Eric S. Ahuia and J.P.

Foley 687

160 Influence of Surfactants and Organic Modifiers in Buffer System to the Analysis of

Conjugated Bile Acids by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (MEKC).Jacob C. Kuei Y.-J. Lin, C.-P. Day, Y.-S. Ho, and P.-L. Wu 600

161 MECC Analysis of FITC and DTAF Amino Acid Derivatives with LIF Detection.

Sam P.P. Lalliie and P. Sandra 602

162 Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography of Limonoid Glucosides in Citrus.

V.E. Moodley, P.A. Mulholland, and Mark W. Ravnor 604

Chiral Separations163 Mechanisms of Chiral Separation in SFC. Keith P. Battle. A.M. Edge, P.M. Heaton,

A.A. Clifford, and P. Myers 606

164 Separation of Optically Active Pharmaceutical Compounds and Other Enantiomers

by MECC with Novel Chiral Surfactants. A.G. Peterson, A. Courcy, E.S.

Ahuja, and Joe P. Foley 687

165 Stereochemical Analysis of Chiral Pharmaceuticals and Their Metabolites byEnantioselective GC. Barbel Gehrcke. W.A. Konig, C.P. Granville, B. Knoche,and I.W. Wainer 608

166 Chirbase, A Molecular Database on Chiral Separation by LC, SFC, GC, and CE.

Bernhard Koppenhoefer. U. Epperlein, P. Piras, and C. Roussel 687

167 German-Chinese Chiral Drug Screening Program. Bernhard Koppenhoefer. U.

Epperlein, and L. Bingcheng 687

168 Comparison of Different 6-ferf-Butyldimethylsilylated Cyclodextrins as Chiral

Stationary Phases in GC. B. Maas, A. Dietrich, and Armin Mosandl 610

169 Chiral Analysis, Enantiomeric Bias and Interconversion of Atropisomeric PCBs. A.

Glausch, M. Fluck, G.P. Blanch, and Volker Schurig 612

170 Chiral Separations in Nonaqueous CZE. K.H. Gahm and Aprvll M. Stalcup 614

171 Synthesis and Use of Novel Chiral Surfactants Based on R,R-Tartaric Acid and

Their Application to Chiral Separations in Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary

Chromatography (MECC). Desmond P. Dalton. D.R. Taylor, and D.G.

Waters 616

172 Chiral Separations by Micro LC and Micro SFC. Pat Sandra. K.E. Garcia, A.

Medvedovici, A. Kot, and V. Ferraz 618

173 Chiral GC Separations with Solid-phase Microextractions. V. Mani. T.C. Martin, and

C. Woolley 620

174 Studies of Enantiomeric Separations Using Acylpentylcyclodextrins as Chiral GC

Stationary Phases. Aroonsiri Shitangkoon and G. Vigh 622

175 Use of Cyclodextrins for CE Separations of Chiral Weak Electolytes. R.L. Williams,M.B. Biggin, H. Cai, T.E. Horton, J.B. Vincent, B.A. Williams, and Gvula

Vigh 687

Solid Phase Extraction

176 A New Format for the SPE of Drugs and Metabolites from Biological Fluids. Craig

Markell. D.A. Wells, and P.J. Ellefson 624

177 Nonionic Surfactant Analysis by Combining HPLC with SPME. Anna Boyd-Boland,

J. Chen, and J. Pawliszyn 626

178 Preliminary Studies of Organochlorides from Pulp Bleaching. Elina B. Caramao,

J.S.F. Furtado, M.C.R. Peralba, C.A. Zini, and T.M. Pissolatto 628

179 Solid Phase Extraction of Chlorinated Compounds in Aqueous Solution. Tania M.

Pissolatto. E.B. Caramao, and A.F. Martins 630

180 Solid Phase Extraction for Organic Chemists. Yung-Lin Chen. S. Ingraham, and J.

Archer632

181 At-Iine Coupling of Solid-phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography with the

Prepstation for the Analysis of Aqueous Samples. Th. Hankemeier. P.

Steketee, J.J. Vreuls, and U.A.Th. Brinkman 634

182 Direct Sub-ppt Analysis of PAH in Water. Yu.V. Kazakevich. L.B. Itsikson, and

H.M. McNair 636

183 Characterization of Flavor Components in Wines with Solid Phase Microextraction,

GC and GC/MS. Zelda E. Penton 638

184 Extraction and Analysis of Polar Analytes Using Solid Phase Microextraction

(SPME). Rohert E. Shirev and V. Mani 687

185 Extraction of Hydrophobic Organics from Aqueous Samples Using 90-mm C-18

Bonded Disks. A.R. Khan and Eddv Y. Zeng 640

186 Environmental Sample Extraction Using Glass-fiber Extraction Disks. Sean T.

Randall. C. Linton, M. Feeney, and N. Mosesman 642

187 Extraction of Phenols from Water Using a Graphitized Carbon Black/PTFE

Membrane. Gary L. Nixon 644

188 New Interface Design for On-line Solid-phase Extraction - Gas Chromatography:"TheAUTOLOOP 2000". Rene J.J. Vreuls. A.J.H. Louter, Th. Hankemeier,and U.A. Th. Brinkman 646

189 Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) of Pesticides in Water. Anna A. Boyd-Bolandand Janusz B. Pawliszyn 648

190 Headspace Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Membrane Extraction

with a Sorbent Interface (MESI) in the Trapping Mode. Min J. Yang. Yu Z.

Luo, and Janusz Pawliszyn 650

Supercritical Fluid Extraction

191 Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Highly Contaminated Soils:

A Comparison Between Soxhlet, Microwave and SFE Techniques. J.R. Dean,I. Barnabas, Ian A. Fowlis. S.P. Owen, and I. Upton 652

192 Use of SFE as a Sample Prep Method for Thermal Desorption/GC/MS. M.J. Drews

and P. Wolfe 654

193 SFE of Flavor Compounds from Cinnamon and Their Analysis by Series Coupled-column GC. Kenneth G. Miller and C.F. Poole 656

194 Effect of Organic Modifier on SFE of Industrial Samples. Frank J. Yang. J. Powers,P. Rippington, W.S. Lai, and D. Park 658

195 Extraction of Atabron Residues from Cabbage by Supercritical C02. Fernando M.

Lancas, M.A. Barbirato, and M.S. Galhiano 687196 Off-line SFE/CZE and SFE/HPLC/DAD Analysis of Carbofuran in Tobacco Crops.

Fernando M. Lancas. S.R. Riccato, and M.S. Galhiano 687

197 Development of Automated SFE Methods for Fat Determinations. Joseph M. Levy.A.C. Rosselli, V.G. Danielson, A. Cardamone, R.M. Ravey, and G. Muzyk . .

660

198 Multidimensional Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Joseph M. Levy. M. Ashraf-

Khorassani, V.G. Danielson, A. Cardamone, R.M. Ravey, L.A. Dolata, A.C.

Rosselli, and R. Citerin 662

199 Supercritical Fluid Derivatization and Extraction of Phenol and Cresols in Soil

Samples. Maria P. Llompart. R.A. Lorenzo, and R. Cela 664

200 Supercritical Fluid Extraction-Immunoassay for the Rapid Screening of Drugs-of-Abuse in Hair. Janet F. Morrison. S.N. Chesler, and J.L. Reins 666

201 Solid Phase Trapping in SFE for Chlorinated and Brominated Pollutants. Kari

Hartonen. S. Bowadt, S.B. Hawthorne, and M-L. Riekkola 668

202 Design of a Field-portable Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) System. Bob W.

Wright. T.S. Zermanian, W.H. Robins, R.N. Lee, and C.W. Wright 670

203 Determination of Solubilities of Organic Solutes in Supercritical C02 by On-line

FTD. David J. Miller and S.B. Hawthorne 672

204 Subcritical Water Extraction of Organic Pollutants from Soil and Sludge. Yu Yang,S.B. Hawthorne, S. Bawadt, and D.J. Miller 674

205 Analysis of Extracts from Cedrela toona (Meliaceae) by Supercritical Fluid

Extraction-Capillary Gas Chromatography. W.K. Modey, D.A. Mulholland,and Mark W. Raynor 676

Enhanced Liquid Extraction

206 Microwave Assisted Process (MAP): Application to Headspace Analysis. J.R.

Jocelvn Par6. J.M.R. Belanger, S.S. Stafford, A. B61anger, and V.A.

Yaylayan 687207 Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Environmental Samples. D. Felix, J. Ezzel, and

Bruce E. Richter J. 678

208 Simple and Automated Liquid-liquid Microextractor for the Isolation of Electron-

Capturing, Polar Compounds from Aqueous Samples. Pedro A. Rodriguez.C.L. Eddy, and C. Metz 680

209 Extraction of Environmental Samples: A Comparative Study. John Ezzell and B.

Richter 682210 Environmental Sample Cleaning and Extraction Procedures by Microwave-assisted

Process (MAP) Technology. Y.Y. Shu, J. Holmes, J. Belanger, J. Pare, and

Robert C. Lao 684211 Problem of the Aqueous and Organic Phase Ratio During Extraction-

substoichiometric Isolation. I.E. Zimakov 687