International Natural Resource Management (INRM) Changxiao Li, Ph.D. Email: [email protected] SUMBER: 202.202.111.134/jpk/data/gjzrzygl/.../e-book/Chapter%2003.ppt

International Natural Resource Management

(INRM)

Changxiao Li, Ph.D.Email: [email protected]

SUMBER: 202.202.111.134/jpk/data/gjzrzygl/.../e-book/Chapter%2003.ppt

Ecosystem-based Management

1. Concept:

Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) is a management approach that:

• Integrates ecological, social, and economic goals and recognizes humans as key components of the ecosystem.


• Considers ecological- not just political- boundaries.

• Addresses the complexity of natural processes and social systems and uses an adaptive management approach in the face of resulting uncertainties.



• Engages multiple stakeholders in a collaborative process to define problems and find solutions.

• Incorporates understanding of ecosystem processes and how ecosystems respond to environmental perturbations.

• Is concerned with the ecological integrity of terrestrial-marine systems and the sustainability of both human and ecological systems.



Ecosystem Types

1. Coastal2. Estuarine3. Freshwater4. Marine5. Terrestrial6. Watershed7. Wetlands8. River


1.4 Principles of Ecosystem-based Management

1. Sustainability-Regarding intergenerational sustainability as a precondition

2. Goals-Establishing measurable goals



3. Sound Ecological Models and Understanding -Relying on research performed at all levels of ecological organization

4. Complex and Connectedness -Recognizing the importance of biological

diversity and structural complexity


5. The Dynamic Character of Ecosystems-Recognizing that change and evolution are

inherent in ecosystem sustainability6. Context and Scale-Operating over a wide range of spatial and

temporal scales-Being affected by surrounding systems-Thus, there is no single appropriate scale or

timeframe for management.



7. Humans as Ecosystem Components-Valuing the active role of humans in achieving

sustainable management goals8. Adaptability and Accountability-Current knowledge and paradigms provisional,

incomplete, and subject to change-Management approaches needed to be tested

by research and monitoring programs



2. How about the Ecosystem-based Management in the US?

• Show Slides of the Cornell Life

• Requesting to Think about the Eco-friendly Living Styles while viewing the PPT


3. Watershed-based Management3.1 Concept




Watershed Components


Hydrological Cycle in the Watershed



Watershed Adaptive Management

-Watershed adaptive management is a multi-step, iterative process consisting of watershed monitoring, assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

-Inherent to the process is a period of learning based on changing conditions that leads to improved decision-making to correct problems.


Steps in Watershed Management


Processes of Watershed Adaptive Management


The “adaptive” part of watershed management occurs when assessments of changing conditions and the responses of the watershed to management are used to make new decisions.


Watershed Management Conceptual Model and Indicators

1. Ecological or Social Endpoints2. Watershed Processes Influencing Endpoints3. Human Activities Influencing Watershed

Processes4. Draw a Conceptual Model5. Select Watershed Indicators


Human Activities Influencing Watershed Processes


Documents

International Natural Resource Management (INRM) Changxiao Li, Ph.D. Email: [email protected] SUMBER: 202.202.111.134/jpk/data/gjzrzygl/.../e-book/Chapter%2003.ppt