Intermodal, Short Sea Shipping, Intermodal, Short Sea Shipping, Floating Ports Initiatives?Floating Ports Initiatives?

Jae Wook Lee

ISO / TC8 / SC11, ChairmanISO / TC8 / SC11, Chairman

Professor, Inha University, KoreaProfessor, Inha University, Korea

UNECE 36th Session on Inland Water Transport2010.02.10-12

Geneva, Swiss

Discussion Topics

Intermodal, Rivers, Short Sea

Shipping

Floating Ports Initiatives

World Marine Industry Sector Totals2005-2010 (€bn)

Source : World Marine Markets, March 2005, Douglas-Westwood

5,808bil.$

9,778bil.$

2,356bil.$

4,971bil.$

EUEU NE AsiaNE Asia20032003 20102010

20032003 20102010

Trade Volume and Transport Routes between EU & NE AsiaTrade Volume and Transport Routes between EU & NE Asia

TSRTSR

TCRTCR

TCR-NTCR-N

TCR-MTCR-M

TCR-STCR-S

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1996 2001 2002 2006

Korea- JapanKorea-ChinaChina- Japan

Container Trade Volume among C-J-K

unit :10,000 TEU

Needs of SSS System in NE Asia

European short sea shipping has achieved great success for last 15 years to shift cargos from road transport

Road congestion results increase of transport cost & air pollution in Europe

Short Sea Shipping is recognized as best practices for users, operators, regulators and infrastructure providers of C-J-K region

DefinitionDefinition

Short Sea ShippingShort Sea Shipping

IntermodalityIntermodality

ImplementationImplementation HardwareHardware

Ships, Cargo handling systems, TerminalsShips, Cargo handling systems, Terminals

SoftwareSoftware VTMIS(safety), EDI(Advanced logistics)VTMIS(safety), EDI(Advanced logistics)

SupportSupport A local cooperative forum A local cooperative forum

Collaboration with market Collaboration with market

KTXJR

TCR

TKR

TMR

Lianyungang

Yantai

TMGR

Short Sea Shipping RoutesShort Sea Shipping Routes

In Yellow Sea RegionIn Yellow Sea Region

Ocean Route

SSS Route

To America

EU

Yangtze River

Yello

w S

ea

Sea-River Shipping

Kyung-In CanalKyung-In Canal

Length : 18 km Width : 100 m Depth : 6 mLength : 18 km Width : 100 m Depth : 6 m

INCHEONINCHEON SEOULSEOUL

Han RiverHan River

YellowYellow

SeaSea

Yangtze River Inland WaterwayYangtze River Inland WaterwayChonging Chonging 重慶重慶

446 446  Fengjie Fengjie 奉節奉節538 538  92 92  Badong Badong 巴東巴東648 648  202 202  110 110  Yichang Yichang 宜昌宜昌

1,274 1,274  828 828  736 736  626 626  Wuhan Wuhan 武漢武漢1,543 1,543  1,097 1,097  1,005 1,005  895 895  269 269  Jiujiang Jiujiang 九江九江2,007 2,007  1,561 1,561  1,469 1,469  1,359 1,359  733 733  464 464  Nanjing Nanjing 南京南京2,094 2,094  1,648 1,648  1,556 1,556  1,446 1,446  820 820  551 551  87 87  Zhenjiang Zhenjiang 鎭江鎭江2,399 2,399  1,953 1,953  1,861 1,861  1,751 1,751  1,125 1,125  856 856  392 392  305 305  Shanghai Shanghai 上海上海

Length : 2,399 km (Shanghai – Chongqing)

Annual Throughput : 430 mil ton (2004)

SSS System

Ships objective : - Sea-river Barge - Fast Container Carrier - Train Ferry, etc

Terminal Facilities : - Cargo handling systems - Transshipment, etc.

SSS Support Systems : - SSS Information Networks - Identification and Location Technologies for Intermodal Transport - Customs Clearance - Container Security Initiatives etc.

New or Old Technologies

New: Tri-maran Fast Container Feeder(40kts) Old: Pusher Barge Fleet

Ships objective

Fast or Slow Ships

Fast Container Ship (over 30knots) Barges (less than 10knots)

The FLO/FLO Type Barge Carriers

Source: Dockwise (2003)

Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea -1

A conceptual drawing of

sea-river barge carrier for

the local delivery along the

coastal area of Korean

peninsular

Modern barge carrierconcept

Hinterland Sea

SeaHinterland

Alternative Concept for conventional Container Transshipment

Sea-river Barge

Sea-river Barge

Container ShipReducing number of transshipment steps

Sea-river Barge carrier as an example

Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

Loading

Depth Reducing for loading of barge into the under-deck cargo hold• Pumping out water from the ballast tanks to adjust the height of barge carrier to accommodate the floating barge into the lower cargo hold • Floating and fixing of the barge in cargo hold

Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

Larger Cargo Hold of Barge Carrier

Advantage:Direct floating-in of barge fleet into the carrier

Disadvantage:Great free surface with nagative influence on the ship stability

Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea - 2

Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

• Train Ferry System for Korea-China and Korea-Japan

• Short Sea Shipping linkage to TAR (Trans Asian Railway)

• Standardization Target : Ship and Harbor Facility

Train Ferry in Baltic Sea SSS linkages to TAR

Train Ferry System

Major Railway Network of ChinaMajor Railway Network of China

8 Major Longitudinal Railways

8 Major Transverse Railways

Beijing

Shanghai

WAREHOUSES-CFS

INLAND CONTAINER TERMINAL, LO/LO BARGE ACCESS

Rail Mounted Gantry Crane

Loaded Container Stack

To/fromOver-the-RoadVans

Direct Delivery of Containerfrom Barge to Warehouse Door

To/fromGrounded ISOContainer

Two-way ContainerOn Chassis Loading Lane

LO/LO Container Barge

Terminal Facilities

Inland Waterway Container Terminal

RoPax (Pallet Loading/Unloading) System of EU

Cargo Handling Systems

CTYS 2000

• Container Pallet handling system patented by CTYS, Inha University

High Performance Capability of Loading and Unloading

Position Valve System Activated by Smart Electro-Rheological(ER) Fluids

Easy adaptation for High Speed Cargo Ships

Concept of

Mega Pallet

System -1

Concept of Mega Pallet System - 2

10.0m

Max.

Min.

Container cranes

FloatingContainerTerminal Abso

rbing Devices

CTYS

Fixing Anchor

Container crane

10.0m

Max.

Min.

Bridge support

Connection Bridge

Ship

FloatingContainerTerminal

Couplings

Absorbing Devices

CTYS

Floating Container Terminal

Source : Offshore-Containerumschlag – Herausforderung für IngenieureKapitän Dipl.-Naut. Olaf KammertönsEntwicklungszentrum für Schiffstechnik und Transport systeme e.V. (Duisburg)

Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang WichnerCATS GmbH & Co. KG (Wendelstein)

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Moustafa Abdel-MaksoudInstitut für Schiffstechnik und Transportsysteme der UDE (Duisburg)* Mitglied des Zentrums für Logistik

und Verkehr, Universität Duisburg-Essen

28. Duisburger Kolloquium, 14-15 June, 2007

Offshore Floating Terminal

Trends of container shipping

- Mega Carrier shipping co.- Big ship, 12000TEU over- Mega Hub port- Global Terminal Operator (GTO)

Offshore Floating Terminal

Source : Abdel Maksoud et. al. 2007

Mobile Harbor (MH-B1 type)

Source : KAIST

Mobile Harbor (MH-B2 type)

Source : KAIST

Mobile Harbor (MH_A1-1200 type)

Source : KAIST

Mobile Harbor (MH_A1-250 type)

Source : KAIST

Types of Mobile Floating Structures

1. Mobile floating ports/terminals

- implementing the nodal point of global and short sea shipping for efficient logistics system - IT based design of future logistics process before implementation

2. Floating Airport

3. Artificial Island : concept for ocean living & tourism

4. Sea based support Platform

- The need for amphibious operations

Strategies in support of its Initiatives

- Understanding scope and complexity of implementation- Lack of internal expertise to implement virtualization- Anticipated costs of implementing virtualization- Demonstrating ROI for virtualization

Challenges in defining and implementing

- Determine need for virtualization- Develop virtualization strategy- Consolidate applications and data- System management and technologies- Safety & Security- VTMIS, EDI, e-Port Clearance, Standardization, etc.

Major Fields for Design and Construction

Structure Mechanics

- Loading and structure response analysis - Safety and reliability of the structures, etc.

Hydrodynamics

- Analysis of relative motion between structure and ships during operation conditions, etc.

Automation & Crane Technology

- Operation of container cranes in the balanced conditions - Energy management system of the structures

Structure Lifetime Management

- Cost-Profit-Analysis

Intermodal & SSS Pilot Projects in NE AsiaIntermodal & SSS Pilot Projects in NE Asia

High-speed Container System in C-J-K region

C-J-K RoPax (RoRo & Passenger) System

Korea-China Train Ferry System

Sea-River Barge System

Offshore Floating Terminal, etc.

Thank You

for your attention

Prof. Jae Wook Lee : leejwook@inha.ac.kr