Interac(ve*Schema(c*Building*Planning:*Cause*&*Effect*of*Preliminary*Design*Decisions**

“The%Wood%Products%Council”%is%a%Registered%Provider%with%The%American%Ins<tute%of%Architects%Con<nuing%Educa<on%Systems%(AIA/CES),%Provider%#G516.%%!Credit(s)%earned%on%comple<on%of%this%course%will%be%reported%to%AIA%CES%for%AIA%members.%Cer<ficates%of%Comple<on%for%both%AIA%members%and%nonNAIA%members%are%available%upon%request.%%%

This%course%is%registered%with%AIA%CES%for%con<nuing%professional%educa<on.%As%such,%it%does%not%include%content%that%may%be%deemed%or%construed%to%be%an%approval%or%endorsement%by%the%AIA%of%any%material%of%construc<on%or%any%method%or%manner%of%handling,%using,%distribu<ng,%or%dealing%in%any%material%or%product.%________________________________ Ques<ons%related%to%specific%materials,%methods,%and%services%will%be%addressed%at%the%conclusion%of%this%presenta<on.%%%

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©%The%Wood%Products%Council%2016%

Copyright*Materials*

Course*Descrip(on*

When%star<ng%the%design%process%for%a%new%building,%architects%and%engineers%base%many%decisions,%including%material%selec<on%and%space%layout,%on%assump<ons,%previous%project%experience,%comfort%level%with%materials%and%construc<on%methodologies,%and%understanding%of%code%provisions.%In%this%interac<ve%session,%par<cipants%will%be%teamed%in%small%groups%to%develop%concepts%and%schema<c%sketches.%They%will%then%share%their%work,%including%the%ra<onale%behind%their%choices,%with%the%broader%group%specific%to%programma<c%layout,%structural%grid%op<ons,%and%material%selec<on.%The%focus%of%this%course%will%be%to%interac<vely%review%these%schema<c%building%planning%decisions%and%the%impact%they%make%on%budget%and%construc<on%<meline%in%order%to%develop%more%efficient%prac<ces.%Using%a%new%school%for%the%example,%aRendees%will%examine%the%cause%and%effect%of%these%early%decisions%and%challenge%current%design%processes%applicable%to%many%commercial%building%types.%%

Learning*Objec(ves*

1.  Review%building%planning%requirements%and%provisions%of%the%Interna<onal%Building%Code%and%discuss%the%role%of%these%requirements%in%schema<c%building%planning.%%

2.  Explore%best%prac<ces%for%determining%op<mal%structural%grids%based%on%the%needs%of%a%variety%of%spaces%such%as%classrooms,%offices%and%libraries.%%

3.  Discuss%the%impact%of%material%selec<on%on%budget,%including%cost%savings%opportuni<es%associated%with%exposed%structure.%%

4.  Highlight%solu<ons%to%perceived%hurdles%associated%with%the%use%of%wood%in%nonNresiden<al%construc<on.%%

Honors*Academy*School*Program*

Honors&Academy&!Honors!Academy! is! a! 100! year! old! private!High! School! that! prides! itself! on!being! a! progressive! learning! center.! ! The!board! of! Directors! have! recently! acquired! land! adjacent! to! the! current! facility.! ! It! has! been! decided! that! since! the!existing!building!holds!no!historic!value!that!a!new!facility!will!be!built!on!the!purchased!land!and!the!present!structure!will!be!torn!down!and!replaced!with!a!stateCofCtheCart!football/!soccer/!track!field!and!grandstands.!!Presently! there! are! approximately! 900! students! attending! the! academy.! ! The! goal! for! the!new! school! is! to! grow! the!student!body!to!1200!youth.!!The!expectation!is!that!the!curriculum!will!focus!on!the!standards!of!STEM!education!but!will!also!include!a!robust!fine!arts!program.!!

New&School&Needs&!STUDENT&CLASSROOM&NEEDS&Standard!Classrooms!(24)!! ! ! ! 900!sf!Biology!Classroom/!Lab!(1)!! ! ! ! 1400!sf!Chemistry!Classroom/!Lab!(1)!! ! ! ! 1400!sf!Robotics!Classroom/!Lab!(2)!! ! ! ! 1400!sf!Advanced!Engineering!Classroom/!Lab!(4)!! ! 1400!sf!Fine!Arts!Studio!(2)!! ! ! ! ! 1200!sf!

Supply!Storage!Theater/!Dance!Studio!(2)!! ! ! ! 1200!sf!

Adjacent!to!500!fixed!seat!Auditorium!Music!Room!(2)!! ! ! ! ! 1200!sf!

Storage!Choir!Room! ! ! ! ! ! 900!sf!Restrooms!!!ADMINISTRATION&NEEDS&Principal!(1)! ! ! ! ! ! 300!sf!Assistant!Principal!(2)! ! ! ! ! 250!sf!Support!Staff!(6)!

Record!Storage!Councilor!(2)! ! ! ! ! ! 250!sf!Faculty!and!Staff!Lounge! ! ! ! 800!sf!Faculty!and!Staff!Restrooms!!!FACILITY&NEEDS&Mixed!Media!Library! ! ! ! ! 4000!sf!(min)!Gym/!Assembly!Space! ! ! ! ! 10,000!sf!(min)!Janitorial!Staff!and!Service! ! ! ! 250!sf!(min)!

Loading!Dock!Full!Service!Cafeteria! ! ! ! ! 10,000!sf!(min)!

Kitchen!! ! ! ! ! 5000!sf!(min)!Adjacent!to!Loading!Dock!

Lockers!for!all!Students!

Heights*and*Areas*–*IBC*Table*503*

What%are%the%primary%concerns%that%drive%ini<al%assump<ons?%•  Form%or%Func<on%•  Site%restric<ons%and%traffic%flow%•  Eleva<ons%and%site%context%•  Floor%plan%and%layout%•  Op<mizing%solar%angles%and%natural%ven<la<on%

What*Drives*Ini(al*Decisions?*

Photo%Credit:%The%Daily%Record%

Photo%Credit:%Cesar%Rubio;%Josh%Partee;%EHDD%

In%addi<on%to%a%design%concept,%how%are%you%going%to%meet%a%budget;%what%are%the%key%factors%to%maintaining%this%objec<ve?%•  Op<mizing%upfront%cost.%•  Low%building%maintenance%and%Life%Cycle%Analysis.%•  Reduce%construc<on%costs%through%smart%material%

selec<on.%•  Reduce%construc<on%costs%by%shortening%the%

construc<on%schedule%and%minimizing%trades.%

Budget’s*Effect*on*Design*Decisions*

Outline*

•  Building%Program%&%Layout%•  Schema<c%Decision%Drivers%•  Budget’s%Effect%on%Layout%&%Program%•  Designing%Assemblies%for%Common%School%Spaces%&%Applicability%to%Other%Commercial%Spaces%

•  Opportuni<es%in%Large%Open%Areas:%Example%Projects%

Floor*Assembly*Performance*

Assembly%Performance%Structural%

Fire%Resistance%

Occupant%Comfort%

Durability%

MEP,%Data,%Comm.%

Can%wood%framing%be%cost%effec<vely%used%in%common%school%grid%dimensions?%%

Typical*School*Floor*&*Roof*Spans*

%What%are%the%common%dimensions?%Classrooms:%800%sf%N%1000%sf,%26%m%–%32%m%spans%Corridors:%6%m%–%20%m%wide%

Example*School*Floor*&*Roof*Spans*

Classrooms:%25’N6”x36’N0”%%%%%%%Corridor:%18’N0”%Wide%

We%can%see%that%the%spans%and%layouts%conducive%to%schools%also%work%well%for%other%occupancies:%

Typical*Commercial*Floor*&*Roof*Spans*

•  Offices:%%•  20%m%–%35%m%spans%

•  Mul<NFamily:%%•  600%sf%–%1200%sf%%%

(1N2%BR)%•  22%m%–%30%m%spans%

%

Example*Mul(RFamily*Floor*&*Roof*Spans*

1%BR%Unit:%23’N6”x26’N6”%%%%%%% %%%%%%Corridor:%5’N0”%Wide%

Common*Loadings:*•  Classroom%&%Residen<al%Floor%Live%Load:%40%psf%•  Corridor%Floor%Live%Load:%80/100%psf%•  Common%Wood%Frame%Floor%Dead%Load:%25N35%psf%26*U*–*32*U*spans:**20”%–%30”%Deep%INJoists%or%Parallel%Chord%Trusses%@%16”%o.c.%%

Assembly*Performance:*Structural*

Assembly*Performance:*Occupant*Comfort*

Vibra<on%&%Deflec<on%Control%

We’ve*seen*that*schools,*offices*and*mul(Rfamily*floor*spans*in*the*25’R32’*range*work*well*from*a*layout*perspec(ve.*Floor*design*of*wood*members*in*this*span*range*are*oUen*governed*by*vibra(on*and/or*deflec(on*control,*not*structural*capacity.% Live%Load%Deflec<on%Chart,%Courtesy:%Redbuilt%

Assembly*Performance:*Occupant*Comfort*

Tools!available!to!designers!

Joist*Manufacturer’s*Ra(ng*Systems%

Vibra(on*Analysis:*FP*Innova(ons*(Spreadsheet*available*upon*request)*

Example*Simple*Floor*Framing*Pabern*

Typical Unit or

Classroom

Typical Corridor

Girder*Op(ons*Grid

*Dim

.*

Grid*Dim.*

Approximate*Member*Sizes*–*Floor*Framing*Girders*

Grid% Steel%Beam% Glulam%Beam%

25’x25’% W21x48% 8N3/4”x25N1/2”%

30’x30’% W24x84% 10N3/4”x30”%

32’x32’% W30x90% 10N3/4”x34N1/2”%

Assump<ons:%LL%=%50%psf,%DL%=%30%psf%(Wood),%DL%=%70%psf%(Steel)%

InRFill*Framing*Op(ons*

Grid

*Dim

.*

Grid*Dim.*

Approximate*Member*Sizes*–*Floor*Framing*Joists*

Grid% Steel%Joists% Wood%Trusses/INJoists%

25’x25’% 18K5%@%3’% 18”N24”%@%16”%

30’x30’% 24K5%@%3’% 24”N30”%@%16”%

32’x32’% 26K5%@%3’% 24”N34”%@%16”%

Assump<ons:%LL%=%50%psf,%DL%=%30%psf%(Wood),%DL%=%70%psf%(Steel)%

Alternate*Grid*Op(ons*

Alternate*Grid*Op(ons*

Wood*Frame*Bearing*Walls*Grid

*Dim

.*

Grid*Dim.* Wood%Bearing%Wall%

Wood*Frame*Bearing*Walls*Grid

*Dim

.*

Grid*Dim.* Wood%Bearing%Wall%

Example*Corridor*Floor*Framing*

Approximate*Max*Corridor*Width*for*Solid*Sawn*Floor*Framing*Op(ons*

@%16”% @%24”%

2x6% 6’N2”% 5’N0”%

2x8% 7’N10”% 6’N4”%

2x10% 9’N6”% 7’N10”%

2x12% 11’N0”% 9’N0”%

Corridor%floor%framing%omen%shallower%than%adjacent%rooms:%accommodate%main%MEP%runs,%shorter%spans%

SPF%#2,%DL%=%30,%LL%=%100%

Assembly*Performance:*MEP*

What%effect%does%framing%layout%have%on%MEP?%

Consider%ease%of%installa<on%through%structure,%ease%of%access%for%future%needs%

Assembly*Performance:*MEP*How%can%we%accommodate%MEP%&%data%needs%common%to%schools%and%other%commercial%occupancies%with%wood%framed%systems?%

Assembly*Performance:*MEP*

Source:%Mitek%

Assembly*Performance:*MEP*

Source:%Weyerhaeuser%

Example*HVAC*Layout*

Example*School*Floor*Construc(on*30'-0"

26'-0

"

9'-0

"4'

-0"

9'-0

"4'

-0"

13'-0

"13

'-0"

- 112" LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE FLOOR TOPPING

- ACOUSTICAL MAT- 23

32" WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL FLOOR SHEATHING- 24" DEEP OPEN WEB TRUSSES @ 16" O.C.- 6" FIBERGLASS BATT INSULATION- RESILIENT CHANNELS @ 12" O.C.- 58" TYPE C GYPSUM BOARD- SUSPENDED CEILING

- ROOFING MEMBRANE- PROTECTION BOARD (IF NEEDED)- XPS RIGID INSULATION (4" (R-20) & 6" (R-30) OPTIONS) OR BATT INSULATION (12" (R-38) & 16" (R-49) OPTIONS)- 58" WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL ROOF SHEATHING- 18" DEEP OPEN WEB TRUSSES @ 2'-0" O.C.- 2 LAYERS 58" TYPE X GYPSUM BOARD- SUSPENDED CEILING

Example*School*Floor*Construc(on*

Photo:%CADM%Architecture%

Outline*

•  Building%Program%&%Layout%•  Schema<c%Decision%Drivers%•  Budget’s%Effect%on%Layout%&%Program%•  Designing%Assemblies%for%Common%School%Spaces%&%Applicability%to%Other%Commercial%Spaces%

•  Opportuni<es%in%Large%Open%Areas:%Example%Projects%

What%about%the%not%so%common%or%large%open%areas?%•  Gymns/Arenas:%7,000%sf+%,%Ceiling%Heights%=%20%m%+,%

Spans%of%90%m%–%300%m+%•  Libraries%

Long*Spans,*Open*Areas*

•  Lobbies%with%Clearstory%Other%commercial%Occupancies:%•  Parking%Garages:%Spans%

of%30%m%–%60%m+%•  Large%Retail%Stores:%

50,000%sf+,%Spans%of%%%%%35%m%N55%m%

%

Photo%Credit:%Pam%Wean,%MSES%Architects % % %%%

Project:%Franklin*Elementary,*Franklin*WV**%Completed:%2015*%Size:%%40K*sf*2*Stories**Architect:%%MSES*Architects*

Richmond*Chris(an*School*KR12*%Loca<on:%Richmond,*BC*Canada**Completed:%2008*%Size:%38K*sf*%Architect:%KMBR*Architects*Planners*

By*Switching*to*wood,*project*saved*$2.7M,*5%*of*the*total*budget!

El*Dorado*High*School**Loca<on:%El*Dorado,*AR**Completed:%%2011*%Size:%%322.5*K*sf*1600*students*%Cost:%$134/sf**Architect:%CADM*Architecture*

Gymn%saved%$60K%by%changing%the%roof%construc9on%%from%steel%to%wood!Photo:&CADM&Architecture&

UNC*at*Greensboro*Dining*Hall*%Loca<on:%Greensboro,*NC*%Size%119k*sf*%Architect:%Ganb*Huberman*Architects*

Duke*Lower*and*Middle*School*%Loca<on:%Durham,*NC*%Completed:%2009**%Architect:%DTW*Architects*and*Planners*

Size:%3*Middle*School*Bldgs.*2*Lower*School*Bldgs.*%Cost:%%Middle*School*$130/sf*Lower*School*$112/sf*

Taylor*Middle*School*Cafeteria*%Loca<on:%Millbrae,*CA*%Size:%15,600*sf*%Architect:%IBI*Group*Architecture*Planning*

Double*Scissor*Trusses*at*8*U*on*center,*spanning*75*U!

Fountain*Lake*Middle*School*%Loca<on:%Hot*Springs,*AR*%Size:%48K*sf*%Architect:%Douglas*A.*Arnold*and*Associates*

Albert*Lea*High*School*%Loca<on:%Albert*Lea,*MN*%%Completed:%%2000*%Size:%%128K*sf*1,100*Students***Architect:%Enigma*Architecture*%

Indian*Mountain*Student*Arts*&*Innova(on*Center*%Loca<on:%Lakeville,*CT**Completed:*2014**Size:*8,740*SF*%%Architect:%Flansburgh%Architects%

Photo%Credit:%Robert%Benson%Photography%

Ques(ons?*

This%concludes%The%American%Ins<tute%of%Architects%Con<nuing%Educa<on%Systems%Course% Terry*Pafllo,*AIA*

WoodWorks%Terryp@woodworks.org%(919)%995N6672%