Interaction of nanostructured silicon with

the living matter

Irina KlepsNational Institute for Research in Microtechnologies,

(IMT-Bucharest), P.O.Box 38-160, Bucharest, Romania, fax: 4021.4908238, tel: 4021.4908412/33;

e-mail: irinak@imt.ro

MAIN PARTNERS

Institute of Microtechnics, Mainz, Germany

NMRC, Cork, Ireland

University of Bucharest, Faculty of

Chemistry

Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest

University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology

Institute Chemico-Pharmaceutical,

Bucharest

DEXTERCOM.SRL, Bucharest

Our team: Anca Angelescu, Mihaela Miu, Monica Simion, Florea Craciunoiu, Teodora

Ignat, Adina Bragaru and Irina Kleps

Lab-on-a-chip

NanoelectrodesNanoelectrodes arrays arrays for electrochemical for electrochemical

/electrical measurements;/electrical measurements;

NanostructuredNanostructuredsilicon reactor;silicon reactor;

Porous silicon Porous silicon reservoirs for mineral or reservoirs for mineral or

drug deliverydrug delivery

Heating resistances Heating resistances on the backside of on the backside of the chipthe chip can assure a constant body fluid temperature or other temperature cycles

Cells behaviour

PCR chipPCR chip

Main results obtained in IMT-Bucharest –Laboratory of Nanotechnology

Nanoelectrode array - SEM detailsNanoelectrode array - SEM details

(b)

D=8 m

r=5 nm

D=8 m

r=5 nm

(a)

(b)

D=8 m

r=5 nm

D=8 m

r=5 nm

(a)

D=8 m

r=5 nm

D=8 m

r=5 nm

(a)

Some advantages of these electrodes:

(i) this kind of nanoelectrodes can be fabricated through the common photolithographic technique - ultraviolet light proximity and does not involve other special lithographic techniques;

(ii) these electrodes are never recessed;

(iii) the array consists of a series of nanoelectrodes separated by an insulating material with sufficient spacing to avoid the overlapping of the diffusion layers.

NE Biomedical applications: eukaryote and prokaryote cells

CHO cells on NE array

•investigation of the electrochemical bacteria activity;• study of the electron transfer from living cells to the electrode arrays by electrochemical measurements;• conduction measurement on living cell cultures;

ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL ON A CHIP

Nanostructured silicon reactor for cell investigation

Porous silicon (PS) reactor fabrication

PS stabilisation / functionalisation

Study of the prokaryotic or eukaryotic, primary cells or cell lines behaviour in

interaction with PS

Porous silicon (PS) reactor fabrication

PS stabilisation / functionalisation

Study of the prokaryotic or eukaryotic, primary cells or cell lines behaviour in

interaction with PS

PS surface functionalisation can be achieved by thermal, chemical and physico-chemical treatments: (i) thermal treatments in O2 (two steps process);(ii) thin carbon, or silicon carbide layer deposition;(iii) surface derivatization

POROUS SILICON presents the advantage over other bioactive materials because it is

compatible with silicon integrated circuit technology

POROUS SILICON is a biocompatible and bioactive substrate which facilitates the

adhesion and proliferation of various cell

The lab-on-a-chip with POROUS SILICON reactor integrated with other electrical and optical Si devices is an

useful tool to investigate cells answer to various stimuli such as drug solutions,

electric impulses, or change of the temperature

A

CHO cells on 31% PS / Sip+ (100), with the surface

modified by a 30nm carbon (10x)

PS/p+Si (100), 31% porosity, annealed in N2 and cultivated with B16-F1 cells

(20x);

Fluorescence images obtained for CHO cell

lines grown on PS surface

after 1 and 3 days respectively

Resorbable porous silicon nanocomposite reservoirs for mineral or drug delivery

Fe(NO3)3 deposition as powder, followed by melting at 470C

Spin-on of a mixing etoxyetanol and Fe(NO3)3

Samples with Fe / PS / Si –n (cross section)

Fe release was investigated in SBF solution.

• In the first days a strong Fe release was observed due to the dissolution of the iron salt from the PS

pores

•After that the iron release takes place in the same time with the degradation of the PS matrix in SBF

solution.

DNA microchip

A silicon microchips with a

microreactor and a heater for

oligonucleotide amplification by

polymerase chain reaction - PCR and

rapid analysis of the DNA samples

Functionalized reservoir with poly

(lysine).Fluorescent primer immobilisation,

10 pmols / µl

Microfluidic Biochip for Biomedical Application

Recent published papers

I. Kleps, A. Angelescu, M. Miu, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, M. Avram, Nanoelectrodes on silicon for electrochemical applications, in NATO – ASI: Synthesis, Functional Properties and Applications of Nanostructures, (2002)

I. Kleps, A. Angelescu, M. Miu, Materials Science & Engineering C-Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems; 19:219-223 (2002).

Irina Kleps, Anca Angelescu, Marioara Avram, Mihaela Miu, Monica Simion, Microelectronic Engineering 61-62 (2002) 675-680.

Irina Kleps, "Electrochemical nanoelectrodes", in "Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology", H. S. Nalwa, (Ed.), American Scientific Publishers, 793-817, 2004.

A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Miu, L. Zdrentu, S. Petrescu, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, T. Neghina,“Nanostructured silicon: from material to devices for biomedical applications” “Nanoscience and Nanotechnology” 4, Heron Press, Sofia, 2004, pp 280-283;

M. Miu, I. Kleps, A. Angelescu, T. Ignat, A. Bragaru, M. Simion, S. Petrescu, L. Zdrentu, N. Moldovan, M. Modreanu, P. Rosengrave, “Porous silicon – a nanostructured biomaterial”, “Nanoscience and Nanoengineering” Vol., Series in “Micro and Nanoengineering”, Romanian Academy Editure, Bucuresti 2004.

A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Miu, S. Petrescu, C. Paduraru, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, A. Raducanu,“Thin carbon layers on nanostructured silicon -properties and applications”, “Frontiers of Multifunctional Integrated Nanosystems”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004, 197-204.

M. Miu, A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, T. Neghina, M. Modreanu, D. Iacopino, P. Roseingrave,“Porous silicon matrix as mineral microreservoir”, CAS 2003 Proceedings, vol. 1, 26th edition, oct. 8-12, 2003, p. 99-105;

A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Miu, T. Neghina, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, M. Giurginca, „Metal-porous silicon composite layers for biomedical applications”, „European Micro and Nanosystems 2004 (EMN04), Paris, Franta, 20-21 octombrie, 2004;

Monica Simion, Oana Tatiana Nedelcu, Irina Kleps, Anca Angelescu, Mihaela Miu,“Electro - Thermal Simulation For PCR Silicon Chips”, Spring College on Science at Nanoscale , Trieste Italia