Integration of Renewable Energy Resources: a European ... · Wind Power: (end 2013) Capacity 117 GW, energy 233 TWh •Offshore 6 GW, 24 TWh EU share of electricity from wind 7.8%

Integration of Renewable Energy Resources:

a European Perspective

Patrick Van Hove Research Policy Officer

European Commission Research & Innovation

International Conference on Integration, Kyoto, 18 November 2014

Outline

Challenging Climate-Energy Objectives for Europe

Integration of Renewable Resources in the Energy System

European – level energy RD&D strategy

The European Strategic Energy Technologies Plan

European-level Research and Innovation Programme

Horizon2020 Programme

European Energy & Climate Policy

Three pillars of energy policy:

•Sustainability

•Security of supply

•Competitiveness

Actions:

•Energy-Climate policies, security of supply

•Market liberalisation and integration

•RD&D – Strategic Energy Technologies plan

A trajectory for the long term :

* 80-95%

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Increased Renewable

Energy

Increased Energy

Efficiency

European Targets for 2030 (agreed 10/2014)

27% renewable energy in 2030: up to 45% renewable electricity

2020 -20 %

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

20% Renewable

Energy

20 % Energy

Efficiency

10 % Interconnection

2030 - 40 % Greenhouse Gas

Emissions

27 % Renewable

Energy

27% Energy

Efficiency

15 % Interconnection

2050 ambitions

Current status of renewables in the EU

Wind Power: (end 2013)

Capacity 117 GW, energy 233 TWh

•Offshore 6 GW, 24 TWh

EU share of electricity from wind 7.8%

•Denmark, Portugal, Lithuania, Spain, Ireland > 15%

Solar Energy: (end 2013)

•Total PV capacity: 81.5 GW

•Concentrated solar: 2.3 GW

EU share of electricity from solar : 3%

Much larger in Germany, Spain, Italy

EU installed wind capacity

Overall EU Power system:

1,000 GW capacity, 3,300 TWh generation

Outline







Integration of Renewable Energy

Market integration of renewables

•First phase incentives: feed-in tariffs, priority dispatch, others

•Cross-border electricity market integration

•Importance of intraday markets

Technical integration of renewables

•Large numbers of distributed generators, new structure of power system

•Balancing requires more flexibility in the power system

•Balancing over large areas increases long-distance flows: capacity needs

•Integration with other energy infrastructure (gas, heat, cold, etc.)

… requires important changes in the power system

RES Integration Highlights

Locally, very high shares of renewables

Technologies and solutions developed, experience gained.

Example 1:

•Very high share of wind power in Northern Germany

Example 2:

•Very high share of PV power in Southern Italy

Example 3:

•Offshore wind integration in the North Sea

Germany: High share wind (EWE, N-W DE)

EWE AG | The real challenge of renewables: integration into the distribution grids

• RES-generation capacity > 227% of regional peak demand. • 97% RES installations connected to distribution network • RES generation 70% of total electricity consumption in 2013

9

Forward flow Electricity load

500 MW

1.000 MW

1.500 MW

2.000 MW

2.500 MW

3.000 MW

3.500 MW

0 MW

500 MW

1.000 MW

1.500 MW

2.000 MW

2.500 MW

3.000 MW

3.500 MW

day change day change

day change

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 0 MW

Reverse flow 10

Correlation of RES generation with demand Forward & Reverse Flows

Smart Grids reduce RES integration CAPEX

11

Copper and iron strategies and frameworks do not

provide cost-efficient RES integration for the future.

11

EWE AG | The real challenge of renewables: integration into the distribution grids

BAU approach Smart Grid „light“ Smart Grid „full“

Inve

stm

en

ts d

ue

to

RE

S (

m€)

year

Solar PV penetration

*source: GSE, atlasole

38.2247 plants for

2.505 MW installed to

date*

Puglia region

Low load density areas; sunny and flat zones favour the

installation of large solar PV plants

Italy: huge increase of RES observed in the last 5 years

0 7 52 212 680

2202 2444 2500 2505

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Cumulative Power Connected [MW]

in Puglia

Italy: Large increase of PV (2009 – 2012)

Cuneo province

9692 plants

518 MW installed*

*source: GSE, atlasole

2010 2011 2012

Puglia network flow from HV to MV grid

Substation in Cuneo area: Net power injected through Enel network

Significant reverse power flows require adequate technologies and accurate network management

Generation > Demand

Reverse power flow (% of HV/MV sections with reverse flow for more than 5% of time in the year)

7%

+157%

2012

18%

2010

Distributed PV generation higher than load

reverse power flow to the HV network

Building blocks, integrated through Broad Band infrastructure

connecting main nodes of the distribution network - Interoperability

• Generation forecasting

• Real-time monitoring

• Voltage regulation

• Remote control & automation

• Emergency measures

• Information exchange with market players and TSO

Consumer benefits

• Generation & consumption

• Voltage quality

• Fast restoration

Smart grids solutions

Integration of Off-shore wind (North Seas)

Offshore wind deployment in the North Sea:

•Capacity factors: 40 – >50%

•Limited “Nimby” effect

•End 2013: 6 GW; National plans 2020: ≈40 GW

•Technological and economic challenge!

Integration of Off-shore wind: planning

Large areas planned for deployment of off-shore wind

Offshore grid for wind integration:

•10-Year Network Development Plan (ENTSO-E)

•Studies 2030

Integration with plans for on-shore long-distance network

•eHighway2050 project

Integration of Off-shore wind: technology

Increasing the size of turbines

Reducing all other cost items

Pushing the limits of off-shore connections:

•>100 km sea cables, high power

•HVDC Technology

•Coordinated solutions

•Meshed solutions

Outline







The Strategic Energy Technologies Plan

Technology action supporting European energy policy Accelerate technology development, technology transfer & uptake

Reference for coordinated European and national technology innovation

Enhance European competitiveness in low-carbon technologies

2020 perspective: European Industrial Initiatives

public-private partnerships for short to medium term

European Electricity Grids Initiative EEGI

beyond 2020: European Energy Research Alliance

joint programming for medium to long term

EERA Joint Programme Smart Grids - ELECTRA

SET Plan Integrated Roadmap 2014

Holistic view of energy system

Integrate consumers, demand-side actions

The European Electricity Grids Initiative

Main drivers:

Integrating up to 35% of Renewable electricity by 2020, more later on

Integrating national networks and markets into a pan-European network

Engaging active customers in energy efficiency and markets

New challenges from renewable electricity

Generation far from consumption – need more grid capacity

Variability of renewables – need flexibility from generation, active demand, interconnections, storage

From 100's to millions of supply points – need active distribution, automation

Smart Grid RD&D projects in Europe

Strong commitment to

development & deployment

of smart grids in Europe

459 RD&D projects

•45% R&D,

•55% Demonstration

3,150 M€ investment

•73% Demonstration

•Predominance of national projects

Smart Grid Projects Outlook

•ses.jrc.ec.europa.eu

SET Plan Energy Research Alliance - EERA

Joint programmes to integrate research activities & resources of national research centres and accelerate R&D

Longer-term complement to industrial initiatives

Wind energy, Solar energy, Bioenergy, Electricity grids, CCS, Materials for Nuclear, Fuel cells and Hydrogen, Smart Cities

Joint programmes in new areas Geothermal energy, marine energy, energy storage, materials for energy

>150 research institutes and universities involved

Joint programmes with >2000 full-time equivalent researchers

EERA programme on Smart Grids – ELECTRA – Side workshop!

Outline







Horizon 2020 (2014-2020) three pillars:

Excellent science:

Individual grants for frontier research, collaborative research on future and emerging technologies, training actions, research infrastructure

Industrial leadership (ICT, Materials, SME's):

Innovative developments on key enabling technologies;

Efficient solutions to the technical challenges;

Allowing European industry to remain globally competitive

Societal challenges:

Innovative multi-disciplinary objective-driven technology solutions;

Health & weelbeing, food & bioeconomy, energy, transport, climate & resource efficiency, secure & inclusive societies

Energy challenge: 6B€ (2014-2020)

The main RD&D financing instrument at European level

Horizon 2020 implementation :

Yearly calls for proposals

Covering the full chain from research to market uptake

SET Plan as the basis for Energy Research & Innovation

• Energy efficiency across the energy system

• Low-carbon energy sources

• Integration in real environments: smart cities and communities

Europe-wide initiatives, coordination with national programmes, with other policies

•Structural and cohesion funds for energy & smart specialisation.

•Connecting Europe Facility to complete missing links in energy infrastructure

International cooperation

Opportunities for international cooperation

Horizon2020

• Participation of European subsidiaries & non-European organisations fully included

• Joint projects isued from Joint Calls

EERA Joint Programme Smart Grids - ELECTRA

• Laboratory – to - Laboratory collaboration

• Developing cross-continental cooperation, international coordination board

• Opportunities for researcher exchanges

Multilateral cooperation with major economies: ISGAN

Conclusion

New Challenging Climate Objectives for Europe

Contribution to world-wide action CoP21 Paris 2015


Ready technology, validation, further developments in Europe

Strategic RD&D cooperation in Europe

Integrated vision of the energy system

Horizon 2020 European Programme for Research and

Innovation

Open to international cooperation

http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/index_en.cfm

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/index_en.htm

http://www.gridplus.eu/

http://www.electrairp.eu/

http://ses.jrc.ec.europa.eu/smart-grids-observatory

Thank you for your attention

[email protected]

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http://ec.europa.eu/energy/index_en.htm




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Documents

Integration of Renewable Energy Resources: a European ... · Wind Power: (end 2013) Capacity 117 GW, energy 233 TWh •Offshore 6 GW, 24 TWh EU share of electricity from wind 7.8%