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Integrating Graphical and Textual Modelling Languages
Luc Engelen and Mark van den Brand
Integrating Metamodel-based and Grammar-based Modelling Languages
Luc Engelen and Mark van den Brand
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 329-3-2009
Overview
1. Problem description
2. Two approaches
3. Two implementations
4. Case study
5. Advanced applications
6. Conclusions
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 429-3-2009
Problem description
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 529-3-2009
Extract (M2T) Convert and transform (T2M) Merge (M2M)
Two approaches
= XMI-representation of model
= Metamodel-based model fragment = Metamodel-based model
= Grammar-based model fragment
Interpret as XMI Rewrite (T2T) Interpret as ‘model’
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 629-3-2009
• Embedding in a custom language
SendSignalStatement: String
Embedding a textual language
Statement
Assignment MethodCall Textual
• Embedding the UML
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 729-3-2009
Modelware approach
• Extracting textual fragments
• Merging models andfragments of models
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 829-3-2009
Modelware approach
• Convert and transform
LS ::= S { “;” S } S ::= “stat”
LS
S CFsource
target
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 929-3-2009
Modelware approach
• Convert and transform
LS ::= S { “;” S } S ::= “stat”
LS
S CFsource
target
stat; stat; stat s: S s: S s: S
list: LS
f:CF f:CF
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1029-3-2009
Modelware approach
• Convert and transform
LS ::= S { “;” S } S ::= “stat”
LS
S CFsource
target
stat; stat; stats: S s: S s: S
list: LS
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1129-3-2009
Modelware approach
• Convert and transform
LS ::= S { “;” S } S ::= “stat”
stat; stat; stats: S s: S s: S
list: LS
s: S
LS
S
s: S s: S
list: LST2M M2M
LS
S CFsource
target
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1229-3-2009
Grammarware approach
• Rewriting
<packagedElement xmi:type="uml:Class" xmi:id="_id1" name="A"> <ownedAttribute xmi:id="_id2" name="a" type="_id3"/> <ownedOperation xmi:id="_id4" name="n" method="_id5"> </ownedOperation> <ownedBehavior xmi:type=“uml::OpaqueBehavior" xmi:id=“_id6"> <body>behavior{ a := n(a) }</body> </ownedBehavior></packagedElement>
Class2Id[(A, _id1), …]Attribute2Id[(A, a, _id2, _id3), …]Operation2Id[A, n, _id4), …]
• Textual fragments use names, XMI uses Identifiers
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1329-3-2009
Grammarware approach
T( A “:=” B ) → <effect xsi:type = “slco:AssignmentStatement”/> T(B) T(A) </effect>T( “false” ) → <expression xsi:type=“slco:BooleanConstantExpression” value=“false”/>
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1429-3-2009
Two implementations
• Modelware• Xpand for T2M
• Xtext for M2T
• Xtend for M2M
All from the openArchitectureWare platform for eclipse
• Grammarware• SDF for the grammars
− XMI grammar off the shelf
− Custom grammars for the fragments
• ASF for the T2T transformation
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1529-3-2009
Case study
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1629-3-2009
Case study
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1729-3-2009
Observations
• Modelling in eclipse• Diagrams• Simple textual models• Structure editing
• Our approaches add• Embedding of textual fragments in metamodel based models
• Modelware• Restricted to LL(*) grammar• Straightforward mapping from grammar to metamodel
• Grammarware• Forces switching between environments• Deals with plain XMI
− Tool-specific− Low level of abstraction
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1829-3-2009
Advanced applications
<packagedElement xmi:type="uml:Class" xmi:id="_id1" name="A"> <ownedAttribute xmi:id="_id2" name="a" type="_id3"/> <ownedOperation xmi:id="_id4" name="n" method="_id5"> </ownedOperation> <ownedBehavior xmi:type=“uml::OpaqueBehavior" xmi:id=“_id6"> <body>behavior{ a := m(a) }</body> </ownedBehavior></packagedElement>
Method “m” not found in class “A”
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 1929-3-2009
Conclusions
• Embedding grammar-based languages in metamodel-based languages• Two approaches
− Modelware
− Grammarware
• Two implementations
• Case study: textual alternative for UML activity diagrams
/ Software Engineering and Technology PAGE 2029-3-2009
Conclusions
• Grammarware approach and implementation• Flexible grammar definitions
• Dealing with XMI
• Modelware approach and implementation• Only one modelling environment
• Conversion and transformation in two steps
