If you can't read please download the document
Upload
william-parks
View
221
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Effective design and implementation involves knowledge and planning What is Integrated Pest Management? "Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks." From: Anonymous. 1994 Integrated Pest Management Practices in 1991 Fruits and Nuts, RTD Updates: Pest Management, USDA-ERS, 8pp. Effective design and implementation involves knowledge and planning
Citation preview
Integrated Management of Palm Pests
Tom Weissling Assistant Professor of Entomology University of
Florida Fort Lauderdale Research & Education Center Effective
design and implementation involves knowledge and planning
What is Integrated Pest Management? "Integrated Pest Management
(IPM) is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining
biological, cultural, physical and chemical tools in a way that
minimizes economic, health and environmental risks." From:
Anonymous Integrated Pest Management Practices in 1991 Fruits and
Nuts, RTD Updates: Pest Management, USDA-ERS, 8pp. Effective design
and implementation involves knowledge and planning Biology and
Identification of Pests and Beneficials
Preventative Practices Evaluation & Follow-up IPM Program Make
Action Decision Monitor Pest Populations Action Threshold
Preventing Pest Problems/Outbreaks
When Installing Palms 1. When buying, select only palms that are
healthy and free of pests Many pest problems in managed areas are
attributed to importation via infested plant material Preventing
Pest Problems/Outbreaks
When Installing Palms 2. Avoid species that typically have pest
problems Especially palms susceptible to Lethal Yellowing Consider
nutritional requirements Preventing Pest Problems/Outbreaks
When Installing Palms 3. Select native palms or palms well adapted
to our climate Preventing Pest Problems/Outbreaks
When Installing Palms 4.Site selection Species planted in off-site
locations may experience stress leading to attack by pest organisms
In addition, stressed trees may be slow to recover from pest damage
Preventing Pest Problems/Outbreaks
When Installing Palms 5.Site Preparation/Planting Choose a
well-drained location Do not plant too deep Support after
installation NAILS Preventing Pest Problems/Outbreaks
In Established Palms 1.Proper cultural care a. Establish a
fertilization program 4 times per year with a 100% slow release
product 2N-1P-3K-1Mg plus micro- nutrients at 1.5 lbs per 100 ft2
Preventing Pest Problems/Outbreaks
In Established Palms 1.Proper cultural care b. Pruning In the
Canary Island date palm, pruning can create wounds that attract
palmetto and silky cane weevils Preventing Pest
Problems/Outbreaks
In Established Palms 2) Habitat modification plant several plant
species of differing canopy heights in an area This can help to
enhance populations of predators and parasitoids Pay close
attention to the symptoms observed:
Dont be too quick to blame the bugs! May be a nutritional problem
or a disease Decision Making (Action Thresholds)
Most pests often perceived as Zero Tolerance Categories to
consider: 1.Pest is lethal to the palm 2.Pest is serious but
manageable 3.Pest causes only aesthetic damage Lethal palm pests
The Palmetto Weevil, Rhynchophorus cruentatus
Native to Florida Host range: - Cabbage palmetto(Sabal palmetto) -
Saw palmetto (Serrenoa repens) - Coconut palm(Cocos nucifera) -
Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) - P. dactylifera -
Pritchardia spp. - Washingtonia spp. - Roystonea spp. - Latania
spp. - Caryota spp. Installed Sabal Palm exhibiting pop necking
Palmetto Weevil Grubs in Crown Palmetto Weevil Adults In the past,
palmetto weevils attacked only
sabals and saw palmetto that were dying from some other problem.
They were considered a secondary pest They are now considered,
along with the silky cane weevil, to be primary pests of Canary
Island date palms Unfortunately, infestations in apparently healthy
date palms is lethal Decline of Canary Island date palms
infested
with the palmetto weevil Total loss of more than 500 date palms
within a year Some showed signs of previous cane weevil infestation
Palms were about 10 years old Decline can be rapid (a few
months)
Be careful not to confuse with lethal yellowing Tear palm apart and
look for grubs, pupae, adults, feeding damage Treatment
ineffective:
Infested palms should be removed and destroyed as soon as possible
Future: Mass trapping Prophylactic insecticide applications Some
serious palm pests Banana Moth: Serious but can be treated with
some insecticides and nematodes Royal Palm Bug: Serious but can be
treated with systemic insecticide (imidacloprid) Silky Cane Weevil:
Serious but can be treated with some insecticides and nematodes if
caught early Aesthetic Problems: Usually not causing injury to
plant
or stressing it Problem is usually short-lived and disappears on
its own or natural enemies take care of problem Comes down to how
much you can stand www.ftld.ufl.edu A downloadable slide show
located at the
University of Floridas, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education
Center Web Site: Follow entomology or horticulture links Authors:
Tom Weissling, Alan M. Meerow, University of Florida
Photos:University of Florida Unless otherwise credited Entomology
And Nematology Department & Environmental Horticulture
Department, Copyright University of Florida 2000 For more detailed
information see the Featured Creatures WWW site at