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marilynn-jacobs
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components of paint
•pigments—give color to coating•binders—holds the pigments particles together; provide washability/scrubbability & durability•solvents—make the coating wet enough to spread•additives—perform special functions
paint
solvent-based:•use petroleum derivative as solvent•take longer to dry—solvent evaporation•sometimes referred to as oil-based
water-based:•use water to make paint easier to spread•sometimes referred to as latex, acrylic latex & vinyl acrylic•adapt well to changing weather conditions—moisture less likely to build up
paint
several finishes/lusters available in alkyds or latex:•flat—highest PVC; provide velvety appearance; little washability•eggshell, pearl or satin—slightly lower PVC than flat; moderate scrubbability•semi-gloss—mid-range sheen; good scrubbability•gloss or high gloss—low-PVC; shiny surface; easy washability; shows imperfections•enamel—generally used to indicate a higher quality paint; greater durability; smoother finish
*PVC—pigment volume concentration
stain
also contain all four ingredients—have a unique binder which causes coating to penetrate deep into surface
•solid color stain—wood texture visible; hides grain; appears uniform•semi-transparent—both texture and grain visible
stain waxes—stain & waxin one process
clear coating
group of products that contain little or no pigmentsproduce wet or shiny appearanceprovide an extra layer of protection
urethane/polyurethane coatings form tough, hard, flexible chemically resistant films
other finishes/coatings:•varnish•shellac•lacquer•danish oil
primersfirst coat applied to substrate—prepares surface
some also serve as sealers for porous substrates—wood, paper on gypsum board
prevent waste of paint—absorption or deep colors
flame-retardant paintsnot fireproof, do reduce flammability of substrate
use wherever greater fire protection needed
0-25 flame spread rating required most commercial
application methods
best available equipment should be used—poor quality tools result in poor quality job
brushes should have flagged bristles—load brush with more paint & help paint flow smoothly
•brushes—woodwork & uneven surfaces•spraying—cover large areas; 8-10 times faster•pads & rollers—do-it-yourself tools; remodeling without removing furniture
surface preparation
most important procedure to achieve good paint finish
80% of all coating failures—inadequate surface preparation
until late 1970s lead-based paints were used—renovations of buildings painted before late 1950s must be done by contractor trained in proper handling
surface preparation
wood—moisture; all cracks & nail holes filled; sanding
plaster—must be solid; no cracks; smooth and level
gypsum board—seams must be taped; nail/screw holes set & filled with spackle; filled areas sanded; brushed clean of particles before priming
metal—loose rust & paint removed before painting (sandblasting)
masonry—use block filler due to porous surface; masonry paint covers less surface than other types
writing paint specifications
way of legally covering both parties in the contract—no misunderstandings of responsibility if scope is clearly written out
•time requirement most important—penalty •surface preparation•high-performance paints •method of application•inspections•cleanup