INSULIN LAB Instructor Terry Wiseth Click to go to Next Slide Click to End Show

INSULININSULINLABLAB

Instructor Terry WisethInstructor Terry WisethClick to go to

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Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

ExperimentalGlucose meter

0 Mg / deciliterBlood

samplers

Normal

Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It is important to the regulation of blood glucose levels because it functions to allow body cells to absorb glucose from the blood. Most of the glucose absorbed from the bloodstream is subsequently converted and stored by the body cells into glycogen.The body has to maintain a blood glucose level sufficient to serve nerve cells, which are not able to store glucose. Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon when blood glucose levels drop too low. Glucagon causes body cells to convert their stored glycogen to glucose and release it into the bloodstream.

Click on the blackboard here to zoom in on a larger blackboard


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

Normal

DIABETES TYPE 1 develops when the pancreas does not produce insulin. DIABETES TYPE 2 develops when the body cells do not respond to the insulin produced by the pancreas. In both types, glucose remains in the bloodstream. Excess glucose is filtered from the bloodstream by the kidneys. This excess will then find its way to the urine. In the experiment we are about to perform, we will be studying the effects of insulin treatment for TYPE 1 DIABETES. We will be comparing the glucose levels of a normal rat to those of a diabetic rat. We will also compare the rats again after each is injected with insulin. Normal levels of blood glucose are in the range of 80 - 125 ml /dl. A subject is said to be diabetic if the blood glucose level exceeds 175 ml / dl.


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

Normal

For this lab you will need to submit the following in your lab report.

1) Insulin Lab Data Table2) Answers to Questions 1- 7

You can access a printable form of the Data Table by using the link below. The questions can be found in your lab book.

Insulin Lab Data Table


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline


0 mg / deciliterBlood

samplers

Note that there are two rats in separate cages. The rat labeled as normal will be the control specimen, while the other will serve as the experimental animal.

Normal

Used Syringe


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

There are three syringes on the shelf to the left. The syringes contain saline, insulin and alloxan. Alloxan is a drug that kills the beta cells that produce insulin, and thus renders the injected subject as a diabetic.

Normal

Used Syringe


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

The small syringes in the container on the table will be used to sample blood from the tails of the rats. The blood samples will be analyzed in the Glucose meter. Be sure to enter the data in the data table as you progress through the experiment.

Normal

Used Syringe


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

You can access and print the Data Table by utilizing the link below.

Normal

Used Syringe

Insulin Lab Data Table


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

We will be injecting the normal rat with saline solution and the experimental rat with alloxan. In a real lab situation the injections would be given daily for a week. In this simulation we will perform the injections only once.

Normal

Used Syringe


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline



samplers

Next we will be obtaining blood samples from the tails of the two rats. We will then inject both rats with insulin and obtain blood samples again. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the data sheet and answer the questions at the end of the lab.

Normal

Used Syringe


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

Click on the Saline syringe to inject the control rat.

Next click on the Alloxan syringe to inject the experimental rat.

Experimental

Normal

Used Syringe

Next we will test each of the rats blood for glucose concentration. Click on one of the syringes in the container on the table to test the blood of the normal “control” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table.


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

Experimental

Normal

Used Syringe

85.7


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

Experimental

Normal

Next click on another syringe in the container on the table to test the blood of the diabetic “experimental” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table.

Used Syringe

210.6


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

We will be injecting both the control and the experimental rats with a dose of insulin.

Click on the syringe labeled Insulin on the shelf to the left.

Used Syringe

Experimental

Normal

Now we will test each of the rats blood for glucose concentration again. Click on one of the syringes in the container on the table to test the blood of the normal “control” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table.


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

Experimental

Normal

Used Syringe

55.2


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

Experimental

Normal

Next click on another syringe in the container on the table to test the blood of the diabetic “experimental” rat. Record the data from the Glucose meter in the Data Table. After you have recorded your data, go to the next slide and answer the quesitons given

Used Syringe

90.8


Alloxan

Insulin

Saline

Glucose meter


samplers

Experimental

Normal

Used Syringe

90.8

At this point you have collected all of the data required for this experiment. Be sure that you have made all of the calculations required to fill out the Data Table. The next exercise you will need to perform is to answer the lab questions. You can find the lab questions in your lab book. You can also access the questions by clicking on the link given below.

LAB QUESTIONS

LAB QUESTIONS1)Why did we inject the “experimental” subject

with Alloxan?2) Why did we inject the “control” subject with

saline solution?3) What effect did the Alloxan have on the

experimental subject?4) Why is there a difference in the glucose

concentrations for the control and the experimental subjects after the alloxan and the saline injections?

5) Why is the glucose level of the control subject so low after injection with insulin?

6) What was the effect of insulin injection on the experimental subject?

7) Why do insulin injections lower the blood glucose levels? Click to go to

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INSULIN LAB Instructor Terry Wiseth Click to go to Next Slide Click to End Show