34
UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MATEMATICAS; CONSEJO SUPERIOR Df INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMIA y 6EODESIA (Centro mixto C.S.LC. - U.C.M.). MADRID Publicación núm. 170 RELATION BETWEEN EARTH TIDE OB5ERV ATION5 AND 50ME OTHER DATA por Zd. SIMON, V. STANCHEV, C. DE TORO, A. P. VENEDIKOV y R. VIEIRA PRESENTADO EN LA REUNIÓN DEL «WORKING GROUP ON HIGH PRECISION TIDAL DATA PROCESSING (Bonn, 4-6 de octubre, 1988) MADRID 1988

INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMIA y 6EODESIA · 2014. 2. 7. · As a result directly 1'romthe processing we shall obtairlesti-mates 01'the quantities (9) which are still charged by the total

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Page 1: INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMIA y 6EODESIA · 2014. 2. 7. · As a result directly 1'romthe processing we shall obtairlesti-mates 01'the quantities (9) which are still charged by the total

UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSEFACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MATEMATICAS;

CONSEJO SUPERIORDf INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS

INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMIA y 6EODESIA(Centro mixto C.S.LC. - U.C.M.). MADRID

Publicación núm. 170

RELATION BETWEEN EARTH TIDEOB5ERV ATION5 AND 50ME OTHER DATA

por

Zd. SIMON, V. STANCHEV, C. DE TORO, A. P. VENEDIKOVy R. VIEIRA

PRESENTADO EN LA REUNIÓN DEL «WORKING GROUPON HIGH PRECISION TIDAL DATA PROCESSING

(Bonn, 4-6 de octubre, 1988)

MADRID1988

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WOHKNG GIlOUP o x HIGH PRI'X:ISIO!'l TIDAL DATA PROCESSING

BONN, OCTOBER 4 - 6, 1988

RELATIO~ BETWEE'" EATl1'H TTllE onSERV ~TIOIljS A'iD S mlE OTHEH DATA

, 27.rl. ~imon , VI. Stanchev ,

14"~. ne Toro, A.P. Vener.ikov , R. Vi.eira5

V .1J • G. T. a K., Pr-ague

2 University Kliment Ohridski, Sof'ia

J "Instituto de Astronomia y ~Iodesia. Madrirl

4 Geophysical Institute. Sofia

1. Irltroduction.

Re c e n t l y (Venedikov, l()!:~,~) it wa5 p r-o p o e e d il n ew mo d e L

for the sturlv of the rE'l<1tion between Earth tide o b ae r-va t d o o e ,

SRV G and thp air pressure ~ata, say P • Here we shall give

the resfr,1.tEl f'r-om the a p p Ld c a t Lo n of the model to a large record

oht~inerl in Pec"y a'1d to a shorter record in Sofia,

It i s well kn own t ha t, the most Lmpo r-t a u t inf'luence 011

the Eard: tide observations Ls t ha t, o f' the ocean a.id sea tides.

lt d s t ake n into ac c ou n t through computations made on él c o c t Lda I

map. now most often t he map of Schwiderski, In s uc n a way 0111 y

the pure harmonic tidal oacilation~oi' the water level are consi-

d e r-ed ,

At a givnn coastal place it i5 certalnly possible to

have devlations in the water level. ~r5t, due to local parti-

c1l1flritie5 01' the water bassln the tiñes may be shlf'ted in am-

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plitude. anrl phRse compared to the tides predicted by the co-tidal map. Second, the level may beinfluenced by meteorologi-cal factors as air pressure and wind (meteorological tides).

At the same time just the closest water masses have the stro~g-est effect especially on the coaetal Earth tide stations.

In principal in the model mentioned abouve we can use

as P any phenomena whichis expected to influence the ~rth

tide observations. In particular, for a coastal station, it

could be interesting to use as P the water level. Thus we

would obtain some direct estimates of the erfect of the closestoeeau or sea z ones . rt seems t ha t this may be a h eLp f'u L a<J.di-

tio'1 to the c ompu t at Lo ns made on the c o-s t Lda I ma p ,

We have realizen such an experimcnt with the coastal

pravitv station Cueva de los Verdes (Lanzarote). The resultsare alao eiven in the present paper.

2.. The model usert,

We shall briefly discuss the model with some precisingexplanations.

Let S ls a vector representing u. periodic componeutoI' p. We suppose that S ¡:>;eneratesa component' Q with the

same periodicity in the E;;.rtf1tirle recorrl G. 11' Q = I ¡¡ I and

S = \ S I a r-e thp. corresponcli 'lg ampli tudes a nd b a s the a ugIe

(phase shift) between S and Q our hypothesis is

Q = B.S , B = c o nst , and b = const. (1)

Let ~ ~s ' - s

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= ~ c o s ~s s and = sin ~s

are narameters o~ S de~i,~d i~ a similar way as usualFarth t1de parameters. This statement means thélt 1~ we analysep 1'ormally as 11' Pare Earth t1de data we shall ob t adu someestimates o~ the quantities

Let XC g, 'X ) is an observed tidal component o~ G

01'the same type as S, i.e. D, SD or TD • Observed me arrs

that X incorporates the ef'f ect; Q of S. And let Ao( go'"Xo~

is the same component free 1'romthis ef1'ect, i.e.

Ao =

Tí've use the quantities

~ = g c o s ')C.. 1=- s.. )c:,

"\0 = ~ c o s 'Xo , l =- ~ sin Xo o o o (4 )

the following simple r-eLa t aona come :from (1) and (J)

"'"1;0 + B1 r s B2 L a

1 10 + B, ( s + B21 s (5 )::

where R, '" B cos b a nd B2 = B sin b (6)

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'T'heouantities ) and ( as de1'ined by the 1'irst equa-

tio"1s 01' (4) are the unknowns used in the ~rdinary tidal a na «

lysis. T1'we want to take into the account·the e1'1'ect01' Prespectively S and Q , we have to replace l' and ~ bythe new unknowns 1o a nd ~ o and include two more un kuownsthe regression coe1'1'ic~nts B1 and BZ'

I10wever this cannot be directly done through the ex-

pressions (5 ) with constant a nd ~ • The equationsl sused. in the ane tys t s will become linearily dependent. This

re1'lects simply the 1'act that in principle there are no meansto separate 1'rom the tidal data a stable cónstant meteorologi-calor 8"lV other kino 01'wave with él tidal 1'requency.

~evertheless the expressions (5) can be used i1' we

consider 0"1 the variation with time 01' S r s end "l s •

In the 1'irst stage 01' the analysis we process a 1'ilte-

ring 01' independent short intervals 01' the tldal record. LetIT is the central epoch 01'a given 1'iltered intervalo Through

the technics proposed by Venedikov (1981) and Xu Houze (19~4)we can get l' s ('1') and '( s(T) separately 1'or D , SD andTD , through the 1'iltering 01' the data P •

Let x and Ys are the mean values 01' "'\s (T) ano8

( (T) respectively a nd 1ets

A x (T)= l (T)s ~s

AY (T)=s11, (T) - y(S S

Then the expressions (5) become

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+ a x {T}8

+ + (s )

where

;v

\ = \0 + El x E2 ySo s

'"'10= (o + El Ys + E2 x s

It is these equations (s) which can be used in the analysis.

As a result directly 1'rom the processing we shall obtairl esti-mates 01' the quantities (9) which are still charged by thetotal e1'1'ect01' S, respectively 01' P. In the same time weeaall get the estimates 01' the regression coe1'1'icients Bl annE2 • l.ater we can get the corrected numbers 1o and "l o1'rom (q ) 1.e •

~1 o = T o - (El Xs - E2 Ys)

/'v1o = l o - (El Ys + E2 xs) (ro)

). Some results 1'or the air pressure.

Ve have analysed formally as an Earth tide record a

large air pressure series from Pecny prepared by Eroz and Simon

It covers in total an interval 01' 15.9 years, 1.09.1970-)0.07.19S6 with the tollowing-more important interruption8:

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4 11.'97' - 30,01.1974, 20.08.1975 - 20.04.1976 and1•.09.1 981 _ 25•.01.1982. The resul ts - amplitudes, phasesane!mean equare errors (R.M.5.) are presented in Table 1.The original data are given in 0.1 mm mercury, while the ampli·tudes are expressed in mm mercury. The phases are related to

the corresponding theoretical tidal pnas ee ,5tatistically signif'icant and relatively important

amplitudes are observed o~y at the waves 51 52, 5J

and some close tides -(P1,Sl,K1,P5I1,PHI1), (T2,S2,K2).

The eví.dent concLusLon is that the main oscLf.at.Lons.Lnthe

atmosphere are of'meteorological arid non-s t Lda L origino The onLy .

clearly observed tidal wave is M2 with a small but very signi-

f'icant amplitude.It is interesting that the relation D/5D/TD f'orthe

standard deviation ia similar to this relation f'or the analYs$Sof''F.-arthtide data.

Thtse series, af'tera corresponding reduction of'ihe

length, w~~~rocessed together with a large record of'the

gravimeter as 15/228 at the same station Pecny provided by

S •HoLub , J. Broz and Zd ,Sdmon, It eovers a time interval of'

S~4 years, 22.04.1976 - 25.09.1984. The neto amount of'the data

is 48 70S hourly ordinates. The results are presented in Table 2.

By the same gravimeter GS 15/228 obser-va tLons were

marle in 5of'iaduring 1 year y A record 12.12.1981 - 4.12.1982was processerl tOR8ther with par-a Ll.eL aIr- pressure data f'rom the

meteorological Rtation i~ Sofia. The results are presented alsoin TAble 2.

If'we take into account the precision in Sof'iathere 1sa rather good coincidence in the coef'f'icients BI and B f'or

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D tides in the t~o 8tation~.For SO the results in So~ia are

not satis~ctOry.TIle lower precision in the determinationa of' the coef'-

f'icients in Sof'ia can be only partly explained by that the

record is ahorter.

4. Direct relation between Earth tide and sea tide observations.

The motlvation ~or this experimental study was given

ln § 1

In the sta.tlon Cueva .de los Verd.es (Lanzarote) u.rth

tide observations are made bythe gravimeter LaCoste and Rombarg

No 4J4. TIle station is situated closely to a maregraphic station.

Ve have used two parallel series f'rom these stations with

lengbh 0.8 year - 11.07.1987 - 27.04.1988.The rnaregraphic data were submitted to an analy818 as

gravity Earth tide data. The results are presented in Table )as they are aoutprinted by the computer. The amplitudes are

expressed in cm.The SO tides are more lmportant and better determidd

tha~ the O tldes. Some of' the O tides are statistically

unsignif'icant : N01, J1 and 001. The SD tides as well as

MJ are all signif'icant. It is interesting that there is perf'ect

coincidance in phase between M2 and the tidal potential.

The results f'rom the analysis of' the gravity dGta 're

presented 'in Table 4. It is very remarkable that wi th the exc.ep-

tion of' MJ all f'actors are very small, especial'~Y f'or

SD. It la possible that thia is due to the coaatal situationoi' the station and a strong particular inf'luence of' the sea.

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Re1'erences.

Venediko" A.P., 1981. Determination 01' the tidal parameters1',romshort i IItervals in the anaLys.Le 01' Earth tiderecords. BIH, 85

Venedikov, A.P., '988. A model 1'or tae study of the effect61' the air pressure on the Earth tide data.BIM, under press.

Xu Houze, 1984. Harmonic analysis 1'or short data usingVenedikov's 1'ilters (in chinese). Crustal de1'ormationsand BarthClllake,V.4, lIJo2, Wuhan.

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In the same Table 4 are given the coefficients B

B2 ' B and tihe angle b which are determined by the co~on

processing of both series of data. These coefficients are aig,li-

fica~t for D and SD.It w~ll be 1ntereating to calculate the corrected par~-

meters for the gravity M2 after the expressions (10).As the phase sh1ft '2Ic:. is small foÍ' M2 for botn Earth

and sea ñata from (10) we have approximately

M2:

So(co"rect'd) = ~ o(gravimetric) - B1• $ (maregraphic)

= 1.014 + O.1O) xl. 1)0 = 1.1)0

This 15 still somewhat low value of ~ buc , in our opinion,

it la remarcable that the correctlon 15 in tIle right sense.

It is easy to verify that the corrections after (10) of all

more importa lit tides are in the sense to rise considerably the

values of ~

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Table 1

Station Pecny, Air pressure, tidal ana l ys Le ,

wave ampli R.M.S. phase R.M.S.tude dU'f".

n tidesSInQ 0.005 :0.007 24.269 + 78.843-201 0.005 0.007 144.091 89.17')SIG' 0.01 0.007 256.746 39.766Ql 0.017 0.007 _11 .963 23.244ROl 0.017 0.007 111 .915 23.42301 0.011 0.007 9,~.762 34.709TAUl 0.011 0.006 15.312 33.368NOl 0.006 0.005 ,80.944 53.8)2cm i 0.012 0.006 112.561 )0.704Pll 0.00) 0.007 76.278 121.)61P1 0.054 0.007 249.291 6.942Sl 0.066 0.010 41,231 9.124Kl 0.0)8 0.007 20),246 10.143PSI1 0.010 0,007 -44.816 )8.088"PHIl 0,014 0.006 103.809 25.059TETA 0.005 0.006 190.9:~9 72.125.T1 0.011 0.006 _11.079 30.267SOl 0.020 0.006 2)6,171 18,109001 0.014 0.005 9R.155 2 j .58)NU1 0.008 0.005 267.11) )5.26)

SD tidesEPS2 0.003 0.002 162.07 O 4J.5732N2 0.001 0.002 190.021 176.205~2 0.001 0,002 76.455 ) 8.704N2 0.001 0.002 11 .905 98.759NU2 0,005 0.002 64.106 21.820M2 0.010 0.002 119.242 11 .042LAMB 0.002 0.002 107.)08 61 .656L2 0.001 0.002 -30.095 6) .0)8T2 0.015 0.002 -48.854 7.2)7S2 0.151 0.002 193.825 0.752K2 0.020 0.002 184.6)2 5,159ETA2 0.001 0.002 127.047 146.1582K2 0,002 0.001 -1,850 29.157

TD tides

M) 0,001 0,001 11.n9 112.5)1<;3 0,010 0.001 209.2)R 4.716

C:;ta·,rll'lrrloF.!viatio"ls n 1 .67, sn 0.52 TD 0,22'Tote: the amplitudes are 1'1mm mercury.

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Table 2

B, R.M. S. B2 R.M.S. B b

:0.007 :0.007o

n - 0.1.16 0.024 0.417 -176.74StationPecnv SIl -0.235 0.023 0.032 0.024 0.237 172.86

D -0.471 0.047 0.093 0.045 0.481 16S.78StationSo:fia SD -0.081 0.110 0.057 0.112 0.099 144.69

Tbe unit o:f the coe:f:ficients B isr=::

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Table J

STAr IUN2'J 9 O N

DUNNEES HA~EGKAPH_QUES-lJ ¿6 O E H O"

fSPACH

lEA~ T ;;(,jUME ~ ~~l 'f S l!>/lItNEll l¡(J'l/14, ¡lRQli. S '1.-1 ce T- CUCARHE. H LeH CR. VENEOJKC \f¿LTE~S UN J~:H~~.Na 102.10l.JJ1, ELIH.PO~ERS O ~ SO 1 TO 1CU~¡>JNtNr~!>l 01 52 N2 M~~OIENIIAl. ~AKI~Kl~HT-TAYlEK-EDJE~ / CCMPlETE OEIJElOPMENICu~¡>O~NI~ uKléNTAIEU TuWAKu~ THE EllIPSOIC (SK~LSKY)C~~¡lJTEK CcNTK¿ JNII1EKSITY CJMPLJTEN'E, M~DRJCCU~~JTLK idM ~Jal PROCESSEO O~ 21.0~.e8

NUk.~AlllAUUN fACluK -1.0000I~ER1IAL CJKKL~JIJ~!> I~TROUUCEJ

TUE U.H.KII/4I.. U.S 'ftAKS 2d7.'t ¡JAYS ~S80 IHALlNGS e IlLCKS wEIGHTSG••• 870111/dlJald 87J9Ji/dl1JOd d/l011/811013 67JII0/81112~¡';••• Cl712uadúJ21~ u3.Jlld/88:)JJ5 al10307!IHl0314 1:8016/880421------------------------------------------------------------------------

.A.E Ii~Ut' t:~TlrlATED MIPLJ T. PHISE RESIDLAlSAIio\ÓJ.'\Efn 1~ •jAIlié. A"IPL..K •• ~. s. fA.:TUk R.M~5. e IfF • R.".S. M4Pl. Pt-.ASE------------------------------------------------------------------------10j.-139. u) .11 J.5n .J. 2J 1 v. 3(Jl II 0.03<;7 12C.~22 7.101:4 6.11 168.8I"J.-l ••9. ¿ti JJ 4. J4ll O.21~ O.lu'to 0.OC81 11. C47 2.f()S 2'1.'1~ 111.9152.-1S". U ·'4Ul u.¿5¿ v.110 Q.1211 O.OS13 -31.150 41.6ge 2.2 C-116. 5l"l.-lu'o •. lJ ,>1 l.'o31 o.n1 e, 1109 0.0188 -2l.lec; <;.401 12.92- 117.1lu;.-l ••d. ,20 .U j.JJ5 J. 2L Ó J. 1't 30 0.')OS8 -26.~12 2.286 31.5t-I7t:.411¿.-111. a Jl o. ü5:i J.17o.J J.026J o. o 860 -8S. cae 181.254 2.41-178.7181.-!*j. ;jl JOl J.JÓÓ J.115 e, OS00 0.1014 20~.a1 en. 61 J l. H-I1S. O2ul.-2*O;¡. 1:i5 .~2 sr; 3!>.J J.U3't l. CJ2 J 0.014e. -1.~20 C.181 9.26-16 S. 7------------------------------------------------------------------------2u7.-¿j*. ( 'tI ¿fU 1.l1d Q.Oj2 l. 2l 511 0.0362 33.24C 1.6'iC 1.0e 101 •.•¿'t3.-¿4d. ¿ •• 'u 1~ ••aj 0.03l 1. lJl~ 0."JC14 11.534 C.32~ 3.12 66.0¿5¿.-lS8. lo ..•2 o4.61~ O.OJO 1.1l~9 0.0016 o.coe O.C1'i 1.73 180.0¿oZ.-¿uS. 1~ L2 1.1ulJ u,O~ ~ J. od~ó 0.0305 -21.290 2.561 0.'110-154.5¿bl.-l14. 12 ;i¿ ¿~. d:i~ 0.013 O. 8'j5 7 0.O02~ -21. !16 0.118 12.Jt-I34.8l/5.-l-5. J¡J 1(.2 6.1dJ J.OS 5 O. <;JSl 0.0075 -11. ~6" 0.463 2.82-133. S---------------------------------------------------------J¿7.-J,jl. j.¡J MJ 0.21 •• O.OlS 0.21d6 0.0294 231. ~92 5. e54 1.14-168.4------------------------------------------------------------------------S lA.~JA¡(1J &Jt:vUTlJNS ü 12.J2 5J 4.19 ID 1.31UJI ¡(1 l. 14'tJ l-Gl/1-,\! J. J 1':)b .."l/el 6.6S17

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Table 4

l.'I 10 e N -H 26 J E 6014

CúEIfA L>E Lu:. If..lWiS (LANZA,wril G;{AVIMETflC LCII. ~ .•.•

LEA:iT ¡;; QUAKI: ••,~AL f:)l SI VI:,'JE LJ Il<.uV /14, I'ROG. S V.- 1 CE 1- CUCAR M E .I'fle ~ 1(R, V E NE o 1 KC\f!Lr~K:. uN Ju HrtS,N~ 1~2,202,30l. ELIM.PO~ERS o 2 SO 1 Te 1eur1~ú¡~E~l:):.l 01 52 r~2 MJpultlH lAL l.AKT,JKI"HT-IAYLEK-EUUt'l 1 CGr-1PLETE DEI/E Le PMENTCUrI¡>UlitNI:. uK!tiHATEJ ru •.•A~.J:; THE il..LIPSúlO ISKAL~KYICU·O\I'Jlc¡{ ",tl'¡l¡{éJHVE¡{S! TY CU;,\PLU1¿,lCE, M,lOKICcU~"Jr(K !UM ~jUl PROCESSEO O~ 21.09.f8

NUK.~~LILAJIUN FAerúR -l.JJOOJ¡~¿;¡(rlAL ~.;r(KL':r ru.rs r.n f{O¡)U~¿U

liME lHll:KVAL J.8 VEA~S ldl.~ J~YS ~580 IIEACINGS f OLCKS ~EIG~TSb••• dl0711lJ/JJlj al0~U~/J/lJOJ dl1Ul1/311013 871110/87112SG••• dl1~UL/ddJL1~ d8Jl1d/ú8jJ~5 ddJ3Cl1d80314 e8(316/880427

••.•ve GK •.•.,¡I' E!>HMH¿D Ai-lPLI T • PH/SE RES IOlJAlSAKl.iJMil.'jf N .JAv.:. Ac~¡>L.~••'1.:). FAeTJR K./>1.S • el ff •• 11.".5. .,M PL. FrASE------------------------------------------------------------------------lU'>.- ¡J'.l. ,,5 JI 5.930 0.03 :> 1.l1Ll o. o ea 8 -(.~OS C.~JCj C.01 -2b.7l'tj·-r.¡· ¿o ..11 L~.';ljJ J. Oj 7 t.l3JS J.0021 -e.(71 C.150 C.óE-176.6hL.- ss. ¿¿ .~Ul L.Joj u. U21 1.1n2 u.O 132 C.156 0.676 O.O~ 171.8lol.-l64. 13 PJ. J.j. aLl u. OJ I 1.lJl1 0.0030 e. 1028 C.161 0.j1 16S.81,,5.-1bll. ,u 1<1 4 l. l':/<..J.uJJ 1.11D J.OOIO 0.581 0.e53 1.01 J56.811l.-171. 12 Jl l.4J4 (l. \U 1 l. 1572 0.0 B2 C. ( ••8 (.é50 0.01 1510.31111.-1*3. Jl .J1J1 l. bl J. 018 1.u9'.10 0.0157 l. S64 c s s i c O.OE 14f.82ul.-l* 5. 1 ~j ,4L (d. L¿I J. 4,) 6 l. U4 7 o. o cr i 1.557 O. 34 ~ 3.63 15 1• 7------------------------------------------------------------------------dI: -ú.uSlú .- J.JOIIJ <32= -o .''> 13 ¿ +- C.C010 E= 0.CS87 BEJ A= le7.6S------------------------------------------------------------------------

LOl.- LJ' • ••1 LIU l •••ft, o. OJ 1 1.0115 o.ozr 3 C.205 1.122 0.2 ) 176.52".J.-¿~d. ¿'t ,a ! l. lL ¿ .J • ¡) 1 1 l. el '>0 u. JC70 2. ~97 c. 36 ~ 1.61 163.9252.-2:>13. Le> .i¿ ~u.Ujd o. U4 I l. (;140 0.OC07 z: f29 e.(53 8.9C 161.22oL.-Lu5. l't •.2 1.ÓJ5 o. o¿ 1 o. S U 1 U.Ole4 3.t54 0.E5S C.2<; 15S.6Lu/.-l74. .2 ,;¿ ¿ 1••J1J 0.21 d 1.{'167 0.0104 3.tH 0.~01 4.24 155.9¿1,.-¿·5. ~J 1<.2 7. j J U J. os s 1.02uO 0.l)u95 3. ~56 0.46S 1.13 J56.C----------------------------------------------------------------

l. ~70 0.821 0.10 11.3

dl= -u.Ojl~ ~- J.02bj d2= -J.uQ4J ~- 0.02<;3 f= 0.C316 BETA: lEe.67-----~-----------------------------------------------------------------SJANuMu JlvIArIJ;~.. J l./d s i 1.30 ID 0.6201/1<.1 1.u2ul 1-JII1-Kl l'.lJtld .-¡l/el (.8<;71

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WORKING GnOUp O:'i HIGH PHECISION TIDAL DATA PROCESSI~G

BONN, OCTOBER 4 - 6, 1988

TlETF:R)fT'lA1'I()"l nF smn: P~RTICULAR WAVl"~ T~ Tllli EARTH TIUE DATA

x I1stituto de Astronomia y Geodesia, Madrid

XXGeophysical Institute, Sofia

1. Introduction.

Recently Melchior &. Ducarme (1986) and Melchior,

Crossely, Dehant &. Ducarme (1987) (herei~after MA) have detec-ted, in the observations made by the superconductive gravimeterin Rru!lse1.s,"some new particular waves (hereinafter SW). Theirppr1,orlranga is between 13~166 and 17~"126, a most sig,lificant

h"wave be! •.•1r. observe,-Iat 1).924.

Fvidently SWare of non c t í daj, origino In the epec ez-um

thev are situated between the D and SD bands, consid~rably

closer to SD.

Briefly the method for the determination of SW used by

~A consista in the following. l¡'irstthe signal preliminary de-

termined issubtracted. Then the residual curve thus obtained

ls submitted to power spectrum analysls.Mere we shall demonstrate another way to study SW which

may be used in addition to the research done by MA. We shall

present a tew prelimlnary but more or less encouragi~g results.

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We have an in~ormation about the periods (~requencies)

o~ SW theoretical~y and/or experimentally (MA) determined.

Then it.becomes possible, even recomendable,to use the Methodo~ the least squares to estimate the elements o~ SW • The mainadvantages of this method are (i) we can create and use a cle~r

and ~lex_ible mathematical model (or models) and (ii) the resultsare accompanded"by well defined estimates of their preci.s í on ,

The phy sLcaL sense o~ SW is not; the obj ect o~ our

pRper. We c~n only re~er to the papers of HA, Gunn & Aldridge

(~987), Aldridge & Lumb (1988) where one may ~ind an interpre-

tation and a corresponding bibliography. We shall simply note

that SW have an extremely low power • amplitudes o~ the order

o~ a ~ew nanogals (10.12 o~ the gr~vity) _ and that they may

have variable and unstable amplitudes,phases and frequencies.

2. The analysis modelo

The model o~ the use~l tidal signal in the method o~analvsis (Venedikov, 1966, 1978) LS

L(t)

bj

= ~ 1j .L.1=' 1=a j

rn

bj

"1j •L Hi sin ( Pi .•wit )i=aj

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vhere

L(t) : tidal signal at time ti : in~ex or sequential number of a given tide,Hi theoret1cal (unde:formable F..arth)ampli tude ,Pi theoretical phaae :foran initial epoch :forvhich t; O,

vi angular veloc1ty,: the t1des vith indices

(2)

8hape a tidal group J (j ; 1, 2, ••• m); it ia aupposed that

aO

ll of them have one and the same tidal parameters

and

= cg01 cos Xj , (3 )

The ouantities (3) are the unknovns vhich are deter-mined by the anal"y~is. From them ve obtain (l and

DJLet us SUppOS8 that the tidal record incorporates an

additional vave 01' type SW vhose angular velocity i8 W

Ánalytically this can be represented by the addition to the

right side 01' the expression (1) of a term like

¿).L(t)= l' H cos ( P + wt) + (' H sin ( P + wt) (4 )

This term 1s composed in such a vay in order to be similar tothe representa.tion 01' the tidal vaves in (1). NalDely H andP ere includeñ as theoretical amplitude and phase but they can

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be choosen absolutly arbi trary. The quanti ties 1 and 1areunknowna about which we haye in mind expressions a.nilar to ().

I1'we Qbtain 1" and i through a processing 01' the data, then

the obs~rved amplitude h 01' the waye SW will be calculated

a1'ter

+ a nd h = ~. H (s)

In HA. the periods are giyen, naturally, with alimited

precision, 1'or example 13~924. Evidently one may ~xpect that

the lest digit is not certain. The uncertainty arises i1' we sup-

pose tnat the wayes SW change with time. That is why we haye

made the 1'ollowing numerical speculation.

The single waye (4) is replaced by the sum 01' 5 waves

with very close periods/angular yelocities. I1' T is a giyen

peripd, these .5 wayes haye the periods T - 0.0010, T - 0.0005.T, T + 0.0005 and T + 0.0010.

In the computer's program SV there are s04 tides

1'rom the Cartwright-TeYler-Eden development plus 3 "meteorolo-gical" wayes (see Table II). All these wayes are enumerated by

the inrlex i = " 2, .•• 507. Thus the 1'iye waves haye the indi-

ces i =50R, ••• 512. Vhe suro through which the representation

(4) is replaced looks like

L (t)512

= "f ~. H cos (P+wit ):\ ·i,-S08

S12

+ ( .:>-:-i=S08

H ain(P+wit)

where the arbitrary H and P remain con.tanta 1'or a11 S vayes,vhile wi are alightly di1'1'erent

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For the period T = 13~924 ve have choosen

Table I

i perioda vih o

500 13.92)0 25.85655~ 13.9235 25.8556510 13.9240 25.8546511 13.9245 25.8537512 13.9250 25.8528

3. Filters ror thedetermination or SW.

The rirst stage o~ the analysis consists in the riltra-tion o~ independent intervals (intelvals vithout overlapping)~rom the record vhich is processe(l. The length or the intervalsmost orten used ia 48 hours but the program SV allovs its

I

arbitrary choice, for example )6 hours. In the present study~or the determination or SW ve have choosen tvo lengths: 36and 42 hours. The rirst one vas choosen as we have used itfrequently for the determination o~ the usual D and SD tides,

and the second one - as it is approximately multiple (3 times)

or the period 13.924.The rilters were constructed through consecutive ortho-

gonalization (Venedikov, 1978) The tables II repre-sent the response (columna SW1) of the filters used. The firstof the columns SW1 ls for the even fllter, the second one -for the odd filter. Only the most important components areincluded in the tables.

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The ~ilters eliminate an arbitrary linear dri~t indepen-dently ~or each one o~ the ~iltered intervals. Their respons8is just 1. aoooo ~or the component i = 508·, i. e. í'or theí'irst oí' the 5 waves SW. The O tides are reduced through theperí'ect e11m1nat1on oí'both 01 and 51 • However, as the pre-

c1s1on í'or the determinat~on oí' SW must be a very high one,

generally the reduction oí' D 15 not satisí'actory (Ql, Kl).

Th1s is taken into account 1n the analysis.

SW are very close to SD and it is not possible to

be separated í'rom them within intervals oí'such a length.'omething more, the response oí' the f'd Lters í'or SD is higherthan 1.00000. This i5 because SW are between D and SD.T.€ ve conceive SW n and SD as n-dimensional vectors

(n = 36 or 42) D and SD are approximately orthogonal and

SW lays apnroximately in the hyperplane (D,SD),between Dto

a nd SD. The orthogonalization oí' SW ~e D componente 01

and S1,through which we obta1n í'ilters eliminating 01 and

51. turns SW closer to SO than to the inltial position oí'SW.

4. Some resul ts .

We have processed the series oí'oata obtained by the

S11l'erconciuctinggz:avimeter in Brussels. "he data were kind lyp,iven 8t our disposal by proí'. Melchior ~ith the help oí' MlleDe Becker. Theycover a 5.6 years interval: 21.04.1982 _26.1'.19R7. a little bit larger than the series used by HA.

Table 111 represents un output í'rom the program SV

~or SV with a mean period T z 1)~924 (see Tabla 1). It can

be seen which tidal groupa aré included in the computation, i.e.

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how 18 composed the model (1).

At ~ir8t there ls one group indicated by K. whichcompri8e~ all 205 D tides. It appeared to be necessary to io-clude thds group in the model because the separation o~ SW~rom n , as it was stated in the previous paragraph, 18 not aper'fect lne. Th1s is proved by the ~act that the 8 f'actor obtai-ned f'or ~his group is a sign1f'icant one (1.~5 ! 0.Q9~).At the

same tim~ it 18 not necessary to use a more detailed separation

because D as a whole ls strongly suppressed by the f'ilters.

Then there are 13 SD groups - the mostdetailed sepa-

ration Which is used by the tidal analysis. One can sea that we

nave obllained a very good de t ermdnu t Lon o.f these tides. After

that th~re is a single group M3 composed by all TD waves.

The filter5 were not ctesig~ed to eliminate TD.At the end there is the group o.f five SW waves (Table X)

The 1igits printed as the argument number of Dc odecn are of'nomea~in~s. Here one can notice that the intermediately value

S = O.~( 15 just 100 times the observed amplitude h = 0.0031~al = ~.4nanogal. This is because the arbitrary value of the"theoretical" ampli tude H in (4) and (6) was ch005enH = 100.

The extremely high precision of near 1 nanogal i5 due

to the accumulation in the model (6) of 5 waves with very close

periods (Table 1). It can be accepted as • realistic only i.f

the spectrum i8.a continuous one over the ba nd defined by thef'ive waves (discu8sion at the time of the meeting of the Working

group on hlgh precision tidal data processing and particular

remark by prof. Jentzsch). In fact if ve vant to att'ribute theresult to a single vave, i.e. a single line in the .pectrum ve

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have to multiply both the amplitude and its R.M.S. (mean square

error) by a taetor near 5. For ditterences between the 5trequaneiea aa in Tabla 1 the tactor la 4.8.

In Table IV the amplltudes with their R.M.S. (after a mul-

tiplieation by 4.8) for several periods are given. These aresome ot the periods obtained by HA. An exception ia the first

period in the Table IV • It has been chooaen as the closestperiod which can be aeparated trom 13.924 within a record of

5.6 years. It is an imoortant fact that there is not a signiti-

cant amplitude at this periodoTf we use the Student's criterea the amplitude is a signi-

ficant one only at 13.924. Thus ve have only a partly confir-

mation ot the resulta obtained by HA.

Nevertheless we are more inclined to consider this asencouraging. Our· results are to be considered as preliminary

onea and they were obtained mainly in orderto develop the

technology for this way of processing. We realize that there ia

still room tor perfectioning the computation : (i) modification

ol the program in order to make easier and more operational thework when new particular vaves are searched. (ii) better and

more motivated choice of the filters including their lengths and

eliml~Atert components, (lli) pertectloning ot the model , (iv)

separation of the whole interval of the data on ahorter inter-vets delimited by·strong earthquakes as in HA, (v) introduetion

of a new tide-potential development, (vi) consideration of theair-pressure influence, (vii) experimentation on other long

series ot data ete.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Ve exprese our thanks to prof P. Melehior for initlating

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our research on this interesting and important delicate problem

as vell as ~or giving at our dispostal the high prepision data~rom the superconducting gravimeter in Brussels.

Re~erences

~ldrirlge,K.D. and Lumb, L.l., 1988. On the nature o~ lomg-period p,ravimptric data ~rom the Earth's ~luid outer

coreo 'lanuscript : 1 - 4.

r~nn, S. and Aloridge, K.n., 1987. lnertial vaves in adi~rere~tially rotateing rluid. Symposium U2 -Instability within the Earth and core dy~amics, XIX

General AssemblY, IUGG, Vancouver.

Melchior, p. and Ducarme, B., 1986. Detection of' inertial gra-

vity oscillations in the Earth's core with a supercon-ducting gravimeter at Brussels. Phys.Earth Planet.

Int., 42 : 129-134.

t-Ielchior,P., Crossley, D.J., Dehant ; V.P.j.nd Ducarme, B., 1987.

Have inertial waves been identi~ied rrom the Earth'score? Symposium U2 - Instability within the Earth arid

core ltynamics, TUGG XIX General Assembly, Vancouve r,

Ve.'1edikov,4. p., 196(;. Une méthode pour 1 'analyse des mar~est er-r-e st r-ea <1 pnrtir d 'eilregistrements de Longueur-

arbi traire. Obs;Roy.Belg •• Comm. No 250, S.Géoph.

~o 7' : 437 - 459.

Venedikov, A.P., 1978. Analysis or Earth tide records (in Russian)

Study o~ the Earth tides, KAPG, Bul.l. No 1', fudapest.

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939000·0 ('T",.,tr·r n¡r:,I")<:°1 ¡'Jj ,..~' re n rtt" rrO"lOO)OO n., /C C'"r C'N 0"1 ,W n;c <te .,0051:):>:> °0 r°f"°oC'°r "el"·T :ft"I" re;r; si» "<:orooon·o HP Trf· r •••••.e;.('1 "'l" rt;.. e o r ~rOO()OOOOO <r or r r vr Zf":n ° ('1 ~.f.t" f..(;c:(Cr nT00000'°0 z"('IC'rr·r 17f"·n ~,.c: r.cc L!7r fTOOCOO'·O TTnC'f r.o r t , •.('1. ('1 ~t" •.·e~ ne;.rr e-

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SJ •• r lU,4 LoKU;);,c •.•s \/l:riJ1CAI.. L:ü,·I?J.IENT BElG IUM'1i1\~J1i'1UI:K !>Jt'';KC •.HOJ"H\/c. JJ"I:.(\"HUIKE RCYAl DE BElGU:UE

;)~ 't o u,. .• ¿ 2. v&:' H 101 M

Table XII

P.MElCHIOR

L¡:~" r ;; ..Iu..;{i; ••.••• 1. b15/I/Ull J ¡.;'..lO 14. tlHOG.S \/.-1 CE 1- rUCARM E. /o'ElCHI OR.\/ ENEO 1 KOVfn.T¡;".; lo,. ;),. Hr{j,H 1•..•2.j01.¿J¿, EllM.FlHERS· S~ 1CU,1r'J.,.¡;,.¡T:. .•1 ¡:r.. ",.¡ 1::'¿ IU?uTI..,Hl"L "",(/ .•IU ••n-I.nli:,(-t:JJ': I / CG:'4i'LETE CE~ElOP"'ENIc..¡,"o'J"¡;¡U,, uri.c,H.\It:J (U"j",:O" ftic ELLiPSOID (SKAl~KYI••u,1r'JlcI> ••I.. •• L~¡;..lU\/"•.•;;;lT{ CU,V1.JH.,jCt:. MADRICC~,1?..lll:k ••••.•••• d1 PliCCESSEO UN 15.0<;.8e

,~U,(.4.• Ll •.•••• u.1 " ••••• JK J.l¡;J~l¡~c •.•I 1,,1.. I.JkKc'; T• .J,\;:i 1 n HJJu';¿ J

T 4,1.;. ~,HL"J ••L j.v f¿ ••"S ¿) sL • ., J':'YS 4el68 KEIICl/l\GS¡;·~""d",IJ't¿l/J.!;:J¿j d¿v ..•"2/d,, •.Jl, d::'U 15/tl71126

3 BlCKS NC .EIG~TS

~.•~¿ ~"...•ur' ~ .• rl~ ••r.;.o ~H?L1T.iI.~IiJ 1t:IH ., i"l/¿ ".1r'I...r(.i1 •.•• f ••CTUR K.M.S.

Pf'~SECI ff.

RESlDUAlS'R.M.S. AMPl. PHASE

1v:" .- L.J • .!LLJ f~ 1 jJ •.).j1J .,. ld j l. 2.•~2 J.O <; 71 -e. C91 4.467 4.61 -1.1¿;;/.-¿¿~. "L L:~jl O. ¿j •. J. uJ', 1.1~ ..•0 u.U16'1 3. f4 J e.E50 0.02 110.8¿ .•.j.-".H..• LJ .!,~¿ •..••J"j. .J. uJ , 1. i.l ~J U ••) U53 3.2é3 C. 266 O.Jé 114.4LJ/.-¿.jt¡.. lu .·1v'!' 1..J )~ J.OJ, l.l')J·2 ().J e••4 4. 112 C.2l1 o.oe 7C.1¿~t.).-¿4:;). j.j 12 ;",. f.tl. J.GJi L. 11 j() v.JC01 3. ia 7 e.CH O.lé 80.4~"tu.-~ ••(J. ·•.1 Iv'! 1.¿17 .J. U J I 1. L I JJ J.OU.J6 2.t62 C. 176 0.06 8 l. o2~..:. - 2!>.j. ",u 1¿ .)j. t s'¡ ;.JJ, l.llU ·J.J()úl a, 467 C.COé 1.1E 5<;.7¿a¿.-~(;~. j •.A.1.1 J.L~.> J. e) I 1.1 ••; 1 U.O L 13 J. 427 e. é62 O.O~ 105.1¿••..••-".,7. •. .!. •.¿ J.J.'i s; JJ J ¡.l't¿!) J.J C3J 2.:05 0.164 0.0: llC.5Z.1i.• -.:.1¿. ¿ f¿ J. J J •• J. \J .•• t L. ¿u! 1 U.ü~4Q l. 128 e.216 0.04 2'7.6¿1.••-L/ .•• 't .•¿ l .•• -)J" J.JJ1 1.¿lJ2 U.JCOJ 1.132 e .e13 0.11 25.6¿('t.-LII. 1¿ ¡\.¿ 't •..•v 1 ,) • O; j l. zo IJ O.üoúS 1.202 C.O'1 0.2C 28.52u¿.-¿d!J. 1:..": 4.• .! J. ¿ ..•J J.U;J •• 1:JJ't J •.) 141 - c. 142 e .678 0.01 -5.92~¿.-","''''. ... ¿,,¿ J.v/2 J. Uu! l. ,¿ J-i Ü J. o 35 8 - l. <;43 l. ~(n 0.01 -1<;.4J¿I.-.Jl ..•• 11 U U•••J¿ J. 01 J 1.0/.jij U.u2o', C. 172 1.39 ? u.03 2.2lJ.1.-LL1. ..• ~••1 J. v.)Jl J.; .n .! J.31 0.12 256.77 n.96 0.01-166.4------------------------------------------------------------------------;) f ••.j.l ••"u .lc \/• " I 1J ,~.• "" J •..•1

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Table IV

FILTERS '6 42TENGTH-

-PERIODS X1'JP~IT • R;-M.S. AMPLIT. R.M.S.1--. _.

h1).q18 7.6 ! 5.813.924 14.9 5.6 13.0 ± 6.214.066 2.9 8.1 7.2 5.314.228 20.6 13.9 16.J 14.414.394 10.6 7.6

The unit o~ the amplitudes is nanogal.

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PUBLICACIONES DEL INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMIA y GEODESIADE LA UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE - MADRID

(Antes Seminario de Astronomía y Geodesia)

l.-Efemérides de 63 Asteroides para la oposición de 1950 (1949).2.-E. PAJARES:Sobre el cálculo gráfico de valores medios (1949).3.-1. PENSADO:Órbita del sistema visual a' U Maj (1950).4.-Efemérides de 79 Asteroides para la oposición de 1951 (1950).5.-J. M. TORROJA:Corrección de la órbita del Asteroide 1395 "Aribeda" (1950).6.-R. CARRASCOy 1. M. TORROJA:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1371 "Resi"

(1971).7.-1. M. TORROJAy R. CARRASCO:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1560 (1942 XB)

y efemérides para la oposición de 1951 (1951).8.-M. L. SIEGRIST:Orbita provisional del sistema visual 1: 728-32 Orionis (1951).9.-Efemérides de 79 Asteroides para la oposición de 1952 (1951).

10.-J. PENSADO:Orbíta provisional de 1: 1883 (1951).1l.-M. L. SIEGRIST:Orbita provisional del sistema visual 1: 2052 (1952).12.-Efemérides de 88 Asteroides para la oposición de 1953 (1952).13.-1. PENSADO:Orbita de ADS. 9380 = 1: 1879 (1952).14.-F. ALCÁZAR:Aplicaciones del Radar a la Geodesia (1952).15.-1. PENSADO:Orbita de ADS 11897 = 1:2438 (1952).16.-B. RODRÍGUEZ-SALINAS:Sobre varias formas de proceder en la determinación de perío-

dos de las marcas y predicción de las mismas en un cierto lugar (1952).l7.-R. CARRASCOy M. PASCUAL:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1528 "Conrada"

(1953).18.-1. M. GONZÁLEz-ABOIN:Orbita de ADS 1709 = 1:228 (1953).19.-J. BALTÁ: Recientes progresos en Radioastronomía. Radiación solar hiperfrecuente

(1953).20.-J. M. TORROJAy A. VÉLEZ: Corrección de la órbita del Asteroide 1452 (1938 DZ,)

(1953).21.-1. M. TORROJA:Cálculo con Cracovianos (1953).22.-S. AREND:Los polinomios ortogonales y su aplicación en la representación matemática

de fenómenos experimentales (1953).23.-J. M. TORROJAy V. BONGERA:Determinación de los instantes de los contactos en el

eclipse total de Sol de 25 de febrero de 1952 en Cogo (Guinea Española) (1954).24.-J. PENSADO:Orbita de la estrella doble 1:2 (1954).25.-J. M. TORROJA:Nueva órbita del Asteroide 1420 "Radcliffe" (1954).26.-1. M. TORROJA:Nueva órbita del Asteroide 1557 (1942 AD) (1954).27.-R. CARRASCOy M. L. SIEGRIST:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1290 "Alber-

tine" (1954).28.-1. PENSADO:Distribución de los períodos y excentricidades y relación período-excen-

tricidad en las binarias visuales (1955).29.-J. M. GONZÁLEZ-ABOIN:Nueva órbita del Asteroide 1372 "Harernari" (1955).30.-M. DE PASCUAL:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1547 (1929 CZ) (1955).31.-J. M. TORROJA:Orbita del Asteroide 1554 "Yugoslavia" (1955).32.-1. PENSADO:Nueva órbita del Asteroide 1401 "Lavonne" (1956).33.-1. M. TORROJA:Nuevos métodos astronómicos en el estudio de la figura de la Tierra

(1956).34.-D. CALVO:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1466 "Mündleira" (1956).35.-M. L. SIEGRIST:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1238 "Predappia" (1956).

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36.-J. PENSADO:Distribución de las inclinaciones y de los polos de las órbitas de las es-trellas dobles visuales (19S6).

37.-J. M. TORROJAy V. BONGERA:Resultados de la observación del eclipse total de Solde 30 de junio de 1954 en Sydkoster (Suecia) (1957).

38.---ST. WIERZBINSKI:Solution des équations normales par I'algorithme des cracoviens(1958).

39.-1. M. GONZÁLEZ-ABOIN:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1192 "Prisma" (1958).40.-M. LóPEZ ARROYo: Sobre la distribución en longitud heliográfica de las manchas so-

lares (1958).4 l.-F. MÚorCA: Sobre la ecuación de Laplace (1958).42.-F. MARTÍNASÍN: Un estudio estadístico sobre las coordenadas de los vértices de la

triangulación de primer orden española (1958).43.---ST. WIERZBINSKI:Orbite améliorée de h 4530 = Y Cen = Cpd _48°, 4965 (1958).44.-D. CALVOBARRENA:Rectificación de la órbita del Asteroide 1164 "Kobolda" (1958).45.-M. LóPEZ ARROYO:El ciclo largo de la actividad solar (1959).46.-F. MÚGICA:Un nuevo método para la determinación de la latitud (1959).47.-J. M. TORROJA:La observación del eclipse de 2 de octubre de 1959 desde El Aaiun

(Sáhara) (1960).48.-J. M. TORROJA,P. JIMÉNEZ-LANDly M. SaLÍS: Estudio de la polarización de la luz de

la corona solar durante el eclipse total de Sol del día 2 de octubre de 1959 (1960).49.-E. PAJARES:Sobre el mecanismo diferencial de un celóstato (1960).50.-1. M. GONZÁLEZ-ABOIN:Sobre la diferencia entre los radios vectores del elipsoide in-

ternacional y el esferoide de nivel (1960).51.-J. M. TORROJA:Resultado de las observaciones del paso de Mercurio por delante del

disco solar del 7 de noviembre de 1960 efectuadas en los observatorios españoles (1961).52.-F. MÚGICA:Determinación de la latitud por el método de los verticales simétricos (1961).53.-M. LÓPEZ ARROYO:La evolución del área de las manchas solares (1962).54.-F. MÚGICA: Determinación simultánea e independiente de la latitud y longitud me-

diante verticales simétricos (1962).55.-P. DiEZ-PICAZO; Elementos de la órbita de la variable eclipsante V 499 Scorpionis

(1964).56.-J. M. TORROJA:Los Observatorios Astronómicos en la era espacial (1965).57.-F. MARTÍNASÍN: Nueva aportación al estudio de la red geodésica de primer orden

española y su comparación con la red compensada del sistema europeo (1966).58.-F. SÁNCHEZMARTÍNEZ:La Luz Zodiacal. Luz del espacio interplanetario (1966).59.-J. M. GONZÁLEZ-ABOíN:Variaciones de las coordenadas geodésicas de los vértices de

una red, por cambio de elipsoide de referencia (1966).60.-F. SÁNCHEZMARTÍNEZy R. DUMONT:Fotometría absoluta de la raya verde y del con-

tinuo atmosférico en el Observatorio Astronómico del Teide (Tenerife), de enero de1964 a julio de 1965 (1967).

ó l.-M. REGO: Estudio del espectro de la estrella 31 Aql. en la región U 4000-6600 A (1969).62.-c' MACHÍN:Mareas terrestres (1969).63.-J. M. TORROJA:La estación para la observación de satélites geodésicos de la facultad

de Ciencias de la Universidad de Madrid (1969).64.-M. J. SEVILLA:Reducción automática de posiciones de estrellas (1970).65.-J. M. TORROJA:Memoria de las actividades del Seminario de Astronomía y Geodesia

de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Madrid en 1969 (1970).66.-M. J. SEVILLA:Los cálculos de estación en triangulación espacial (1970).67.-MANUEL E. REGO: Determinación de las abundancias de los elementos en id atrnós-

fera de la estrella de alta velocidad 31 Aql. (1970).68.-M. J. FERNÁNDEZ-FIGUEROA:Análisis cualitativo del espectro de la estrella peculiar

HD 18474 (1971).69.-J. M. TORROJA:Memoria de las actividades del Seminario de Astronomía y Geodesia

de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en 1970 (1971).

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70.-R. VIEIRA Y R. ORTlZ: Descripción de un aparato para medida de coordenadas U971).71.-1. M. TORROJA: Memoria de las actividades del Seminario de Astronomía y Geodesia

de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en 1971 (1972).72.-M. J. FERNÁNDEZ-FIGUEROA:Observación y estudio teórico del espectro de la estrella

peculiar HD 18474 (1972).73.-M. 1. SEVILLA: Cálculo de las constantes de distorsión y parámetros del disco obtu-

rador para cámaras balísticas (1973).74.-R. PARRAY M. J. SEVILLA: Cálculo de efemérides y previsiones de pasos de satélites

geodésicos (1973).75.-M. REGO y M. 1. FERNÁNDEZ-FIGUEROA:Resultado de las observaciones de U< Peg

efectuadas desde el satélite europeo TDI (1973).76.-E. SIMONNEAU:Problemas en la determinación de abundancias de elementos en las

estrellas en condiciones de equilibrio termodinámico local y alejadas del equilibriotermodinámico local (1974).

77.-1. ARANDA:Construcción de modelos de estructura interna para estrellas en la secuen-cia principal inicial (1974).

78.-R. ORTlZ, M. J. SEVILLAY R. VIEIRA: Estudio de la calibración, técnica de medida yautomatización de datos en un comparador para medidas de placas estelares (1974).

79.-M. 1. SEVILLA: Método autocorrector para el cálculo de direcciones de satélites geo-désicos y análisis de los errores en la restitución de un arco de órbita (1974).

80.-M. A. ACOSTA, R. ORTlZ y R. VIEIRA: Diseño y construcción de un fotómetro foto-eléctrico para la observación de ocultaciones de estrellas por la Luna (1974).

151.-1. J. VIVES, C. MORALES, 1. GARCÍA-PELAYOy J. BARBERO: Fotometría fotográficaUBV del cúmulo galáctico King 19 (1974).

82.-R. ORTlZ y R. VIEIRA: Control automático en posición y tiempo de los sistemas deobturación de las cámaras de observación de satélites geodésico s (1974).

83.-1. M. TORROJA: Memoria de las actividades del Seminario de Astronomía y Geode-sia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en 1972 y 1973 (1974).

M.-M. 1. FERNÁNDEZ-FIGUEROAy M. REGO: ti CrB en el ultravioleta lejano (197.5).85.-1. M. TORROJA, R. VIEIRA, R. ORTlZ y M. J. SEVILLA: Estudio de mareas terrestres

en España (1975).8b.-M. J. SEVILLAY R. PARRA: Levantamiento gravimétrico de Lanzarote (1975).li7.-P. KUNDANMALSUKHWANI:Modelos teóricos de curvas de luz. Su aplicación al siste-

ma ¡i Lyrae (1975).88.-M. 1. SEVILLA: Coordenadas astronómicas y geodésicas. Desviación relativa de la ver-

tical (1975).li9.-C. TEJEDOR: Fotometría fotoeléctrica R. G. U. del cúmulo galáctico IC 2581 ~1976).90.-M. J. SEVILLA: Nuevos coeficientes para la reducción automática de posiciones de

estrellas (1976).91.-M. REGO: Técnicas observacionales en espectroscopía astrofísica (1976).92.-M. J. SEVILLA: Determinación de la latitud por distancias cenitales de la polar, mé-

todo de Littrow (1976).~3.-T. J. VIVES: Determinación fotométrica del tipo espectral de la componente desco-

nocida de una estrella binaria eclipsante (1976).94.-M. REGO y M. J. FERNÁNDEZ-FIGUEROA:Contraste y determinación por métodos astro-

fíSICOSde fuerzas de oscilador (1977).~5.-M. 1. SEVILLAY R. CHUECA: Determinación de acimutes por observación de la Polar.

Metodo rrucrométrico (1977).~b.-JoSÉ M. GARCÍA-PELAYO:Fotometría R G U en un campo del anticentro galáctico,

cerca del NGC 581 (1977).~7.-JosÉ M. GARCÍA-PELAYO:Datos fotométricos de 2.445 estrellas estudiadas en ~a región

de Casiopea, entre los cúmulos abiertos Trumpler 1 y NGC 581 (1977).98.-PREM K. SUKHWANIy RICARDOVIEIRA: Spectral Analysis of Eartb Tides (1977).99.--JosÉ M. TORROJAy RICARDOVIEIRA: Earth Tides in Spain. Preliminary results (1977).

IOO.--PREM K. SUKHWANIy RICARDOVIEIRA: Three different methods for taking in accountthe gaps in spectral analysis of Earth Tides records (1978).

10l.-R. VIEIRA: Mareas terrestres (1978).I02.-M. J. SEVILLA Y A. NÚÑEZ: Determinación de la longitud por el método de M ayer.

Programas de cálculo automático (1979).I03.-M. J. SEVILLA Y A. NÚÑEZ: Determinación de la latitud por el método de Sterneck.

Programas de cáJculo automático (1979).104.-M. J. SEVILLA: Determinación de la latitud y la longitud por el método de alturas

iguales. Programas de cálculo automático (1979).I05.-P. K. SUKHWANIy A. GIMÉNEZ: Corrección de efectos atmosféricos para imágenes

tomadas desde satélites Landsat (1979).106.-M. J. SEVILLA: Inversión de matrices simétricas en el método de mínimos cuadrados

(1979).(continúa en la cuarta de cubierta)

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107.-A. GIMÉNEZ: Análisis de la curva de luz del sistema binario ecIipsante S Velorum (1979).lO8.-M. J. SEVILLA: Determinación del acimut de una referencia por observación de la es-

trella polar. Programa de cálculo automático (1979).109.-M. J. SEVILLA: El sistema IAU (1976) de constantes astronómicas y su repercusión

en la reducción de posiciones de estrellas (Primera parte) (1980).llO.-M. J. SEVILLA Y R. PARRA: Determinación de la latitud por el método de Horrebow-

Talcott. Programas de Cálculo Automático (1980).lll.-M. 1. SEVILLA: Determinación de la latitud y la longitud por fotografías cenitales

de estrellas (1980).lI2.-R. VIEIRA Y M. OREJANA: Comunicaciones presentadas en las XLI y XLII Jornadas

del Grupo de Trabajo de Geodinámica del Consejo de Europa. Luxemburgo (1979-80).1 !3.-M. J. SEVILLA: Sobre un método de cálculo para la resolución de los problemas geo-

désicos directo e inverso (1981).lI4.-R. VIEIRA. J. M. TORROJA, C. TORO, F. LAMBAS, M. OREJANA V P. K. SUKHWANI:

Comunicaciones presentadas en el IX Symposium Internacional de Mareas TerrestresNueva York (1981).

115.-M. A. MONTULL, M. 1. SEVILLA V A. GONzÁLEZ-CAMACHO: Aplicación de la V. L. B. 1al estudio del movimiento del Polo (1981).

116.-A. GONZÁLEZ-CAMACHO y M. J. SEVILLA: Algunas relaciones entre diferentes ejes quese consideran en la rotación de la Tierra (1981).

117.-R. VIEIRA, F. LAMBAS y E. GIMÉNEZ: Modificaciones realizadas en un gravímetroLaCoste Romberg modo G para su utilización en registro continuo de la gravedad (981)

lIR.-R. VIEIRA: La microrred de mareas gravimétricas del Sistema Central (1981).119.-J. M. TORROJA y R. VIEIRA: Informe sobre el desarrollo del programa de investiga-

ción sobre mareas terrestres en el último bienio (1981).120.-F. LÁMBAS y R. VIEIRA: Descripción, estudio de la precisión y aplicaciones geodésicas

v geof'ísicas de los nuevos niveles de lectura electrónica (1981).121.-M. T. SEVILLA: Programación del método de la cuerda (1981).122.-J. M. TORROJA: Historia de la Ciencia Arabe. Los Sistemas Astronómicos (1981).123.-M. J. SEVILLA Y R. VIEIRA: Comunicaciones presentadas en la Sesión Científica de

la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, celebrada el día 13 deenero de 1982 (1982).

124.-M. J. SEVILLA y P. ROMERO: Aplicación del método de colocación a la reducción denlacas fotográficas de estrellas (1982).

125.-M. J. SEVILLA Y A. G. CAMACHO: Deformación rotacional de una tierra elástica (1982).126.-M. J. SEVILLA y P. ROMERO: Obtención de las medidas de la precisión en la determi-

nación de la latitud y la longitud por fotografías cenitales de estrellas (1982),127.-M. J. SEVILLA. A. G. CAMACHO y P. ROMERO: Comunicaciones presentadas en la

IV Asamblea Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica. Santiago de Compostela (1983).l28.-M. 1. SEVILLA: El sistema IAU (976) de constantes astronómicas y su repercusión

en la reducción de posiciones de estrellas (Segunda parte) (1983).129.--·M. J. SEVILLA: Geodesia por satélites y navegación (1983).110.-L. GARCÍA ASENSIO, A. G. CAMACHO, P. ROMERO Y M. 1. SEVILLA: Comunicaciones

presentadas en la V Asamblea Nacional de Geodesia y Geofísica (1983).13 l.-M. J. SEVILLA: Anomalías de la gravedad basadas en el sistema geodésico de refe-

rencia 1980 (1983).132.-J M. TORROJA: Historia de la Física hasta el siglo XIX. La Mecánica Celeste (1983).131.-A. G. CAMACHO y M. J. SEVILLA: The Molodensky Problem for an homogeneous Iiquid

core (1984).l'4.-J M. TORROJA: La obra astronómica de Alfonso X El Sabio (1984).Ll5.-H. MORITZ: Sistemas de referencia en Geodesia (1984).136.-H. MORITZ: Rotación de la Tierra (1984).D7.-A. G. CAMACHO y M. 1. SEVILLA: Autofrecuencias del movimiento del Polo para un

modelo de Tierra de tipo Jeffreys Molodensky (1984).D8.-J. M. TORROJA: Nuevas definiciones en el problema de la medida del tiempo (1984).139.-M. 1. SEVILLA: Astronomía Geodésica (1984).140.-M. J. SEVILLA Y M. D. MARTÍN: Diseño de una Microrred en la Caldera del Teide

para el estudio de deformaciones de la corteza en la zona (1986).141.-R. VIEIRA, C. DE TORO Y V. ARAÑA: Estudio Microgravimétrico en la Caldera del

Teide (1986).142.-M. J. SEVILLA, M. D. MARTÍN Y A. G. CAMACHO: Análisis de Datos y Compensación

de la primera campaña de observaciones en la Caldera del Teide (1986).143.-M. J. SEVILLA Y P. ROMERO: Hamiltonian Formulation of the polar motion for an

elastic earth's model (1986).144.-P. ROMERO Y M. J. SEVILLA: The Sasao-Okubo-Saito equations by Hamilton Theory.

First Results (1986).

(continúa PIl fa segunda de cubierto }

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145.-R. VIEIRA, M. J. SEVILLA,A. G. CAMACHOy M. D. MARTÍN: Geodesia de precrsionaplicada al control de movimientos y deformaciones en la Caldera del Teide (1986).

146.-R. VIEIRA, J. M. TORROJA, C. DE TORO, B. DUCARME,1. KAARIAINEN,E. MEGÍAS yJ. FERNÁNDEZ:Comunicaciones presentadas en el X Symposium Internacional de Ma-reas Terrestres. Madrid, 1985 (1986).

147.-M. J. SEVILLA, A. G. CAMACHOy P. ROMERO: Comunicaciones presentadas en el XSymposium Internacional de Mareas Terrestres. Madrid, 1985 (1986).

148.-M. J. SEVILLA: Formulación de modelos matemáticos en la compensación de redesGeodésicas: 111 Curso de Geodesia Superior (1986).

149.-H. LINKWITZ: Compensación de grandes redes geodésicas: 111 Curso de Geodesia Su-perior (1986).

150.-H. HENNEBERG: Redes geodésicas de alta precisión: 111 Curso de Geodesia Superior(1986).

151.-M. J. SEVILLA: Cartografía Matemática (1986).152.-P. ROMERO Y M. J. SEVILLA:Tratamiento Canónico del problema de Poincare. Mo-

vimiento del Polo. (l'Jtió)153.-A. G. CAMACHOy M. D. MARTÍN: Constreñimientos internos en la compensación de

Estaciones. (1986)154.-J. OTERO: An Approach to the Scalar Boundary Value Problem of Physical Geodesy

by Means of Nash-Horrnander Theorem. \1987)155.-M. J. SEVILLA:Introducción al Problema Clásico de Molodensky, (1987)156.-F. SANSÓ: Problemas de Contorno de la Geodesía Física. (1987)157.-M. J. SEVILLA:Colocación mínimos cuadrados. (1987)158.-L. MUSSIO: Estrategias del Método de colocación. Ejemplos de aplicación. (1987)159.-M. J. SEVILLA,P. Muñoz, J. VELASCOy P. ROMERO: Calibración de un Distanciómetro

de infrarrojos en una Base Interferométrica (1987).160.-A. RIUS, J. RODRÍGUEZ,M. J. SEVILLA,R. VIEIRA, J. FERNÁNDEZ,C. DE TORO,A. G. CA-

MACHOy V. ARAÑA: Comunicaciones presentadas en la Sesión Científica de la RealAcademia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, celebrada el día 4 de mayo de 1988(1988).

161.-R. VIEIRA, A. G. CAMACHOY C. DE TORO: Cálculo de la Corrección de Marea en laPenínsula Ibérica (1988).

162.-A. G. CAMACHO,R. VIEIRA, C. DE TORO Y J. FERNÁNDEZ:Estudio Gravimétrico dela Caldera del Teide (1988).

163.-A. J. GIL, M. J. SEVILLA,G. RODRÍGUEZy J. OTERO: Aplicaciones de la colocacióny Estudios del Geoide (1988).

164.-R. VIEIRA, J. FERNÁNDEZ,C. DE TORO, A. G. CAMACHOy M. V. RUYMBEKE:Investi-gaciones Geodinámicas en la Isla de Lanzarote (1988).

165.-M. J. SEVILLA,P. ROMERO,A. NÚÑEZ y B. BADA: Compensaciones y resultados (1988).166.-R. VIEIRA, C. DE TORO Y A. G. CAMACHO:Investigaciones en mareas (1988).167.-A. NÚÑEZ, M. J. SEVILLAY J. M. AGRIA: Determinación Astrogeodésica del Geoide

en Portugal (1988).168.-M. J. SEVILLAY P. ROMERO: Pre-Processing Geodetic Data of the Volcanic area of

Teide to monitoring deformations (1988).169.-M. J. SEVILLA y A. J. GIL: Fórmulas diferenciales para los problemas Geodésicos

directo e inverso en el método de la cuerda (1988).

Depósito Legal: M. Sep. 894-1958ISSN: 0213 - 6198 Realigrai, S. A .• Burgos, 12. 28039 Madrid