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Inscriptions from the Palace of Amenhotep III
William C Hayes
Journal of Near Eastern Studies Vol 10 No 1 (Jan 1951) pp 35-56
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ISSCRIPTJOSS FROM THI4 PALACE OF AMESHOTEP 111
AGR-ITIFYINC result of the excavations conducted in soutlir-estern Thebes during the years 1910-20 by the
Egyptian Expedition of the lletropolitan Sluseum of Art1 was the recovery from the ruins of the palace-city of Xmenhotep I I I h f a considerable amount of inscribed material much of it of a historical or semi- historical nature Included among the finds now in New k-ork are some fourteen hundred hieratic jar-labels an interesting series of stamped jar-sealings and stamped mud bricks many ring bezels and other small objects bearing royal and private names and a f e ~ ~ inscribed architectural elements-all dated or datable to the last three decades of the reign of Amenhotep 111 While it is not feasible nor perhaps even desirable to publish this material in extenso we may utilize the Jolsrnals hos- pitable pages to record the principal types of inscriptions preserved to us from tlie palace ruins and to examine briefly the data ~vhicli they contain on tlie life and history of the late Eighteenth Dynasty
Figure 1ii much reduced and simplified version of lTalter Hausers master-plan of the palace area made at the conclusion of the Iluseums escavations in 1920 shows the distribution and outlines of the principal buildings and the locations of I
king3 occupies the southeast quarter of the great complex and is adjoined on the east by its kitchens offices and storc-rooms and by a smaller royal dxelling (the South Palace) perhaps at one time the residence of Queen T ~ Y ~ The rambling Middle Palace IT-ith its big porticoed caourtyard was probably built for the pharaohs eldest son Alihenaten and or- c~upied by him previous to and during the first five years of his coregency with his f a t l~e r ~Adjoining this palace which is listed in the Ex~editions field notes as Ho2TI- are the great houses HolV and Ho3M7 prepared presumably for t ~ v o other members of 9menliotep 111s es- tensive family The three big West Tillas (A R and C) grouped together in a sepa- rate enclosure of their own are thought to have housed the three senior officials of the court while the rows of small five- room houses farther to the west Irere clearly provided for minor officials or palace attendants Similar rows of small houses or Servants Quarters run parallel to the great Sorth Palace which appears to have been the residence of an extremely
3 This stmctnre often referred to by moderr1 rriters simply as the Palace was partially esca-iated by Daressy in 1888-89 ( I nn Se ro IV 165-70 SSVI 12) re-excavated by Tytus in January 1902
ofPalacethePre l i nc inary Repor t o n 1 d n ~ e n h ~ t e p I I I [New york 190311 and cleared by Winlock
the other sites in nhich tlie inscribed [luring the winter of 1910-11 (Bul l Mfl 1912 pp
pieczes were found The oldest and most important building the palace of the
1 Bull Afllfl1912 pp 184-89 1915 pp 2B3-56 March 1918 S u p p l ~ m e n pp 8-14 December 1920 Par t 11p 12
2 Long known to the natles of rnodern Thebes as el lllalkata (tho place where things are picked up) the whole of the palace complex appears to have been called in antiquity Pr-4 I the House of Rejoicing
184-89)
4 Of the earlier palace buildings this is the one most closely adjoining the Rirket Habn the great T-shaped lake or harbor which we are told was constructed expressly for the queen (Drioton I nn S r r r -YLV 89-91 Engelbach and llscaldin Bz~11I n s l dampnUptr SS51-81 etc)
2 The date Regnal Year 1 (almost certainly of -4khrnatenl occurs only in inscriptions fronl the lfiddle Palace (Fig 4 xo 6)
important royal lady quite possibly Queen SitamCn6 The western end of tliis building is given over to magazines and workshops and farther to the JT-est are the remains of a TI-orkmens village Yorth of the latter and probably at one time the northernmost building of the palace group is the royal Audience Pavilion its floor elevated above the surrounding terrain its northern faqade provided wit11 a balcony-like projection jutting out into a deep colonnaded courtyard -ilkinsons Topographical Survey of Thebes pub-lished in 1830 and the general map of Tliebes drawn up by Lepsius in 1842-458 slio~v portions of the outlines of both this courtyard and a much larger enclosure a hundred meters farther to the north The last-named comprises the forecourt terrace halls sanctuaries and magazines of a building identified by scores of stamped bricks and other inscribed ob- jects found in it as the Temple (hwt ) of Aman in the House of Rejoi~ing~-4 Festival Hall prepared for the celebra- tion of 4menhotep 111s second Sed-festival rightly believed by Lansinglo to
6 Evelyn 1T7hite its escavator has pointed out that this palace is without the usual harem accommoda- tions and must therefore have been built for and occii- pied by either a woman or a young boy (Bull VfATfA1 1015 p 256)
Cf Davies Z ~ S LX SO-56 T h e Tomb of f i le T 7 i z i e r Raviose p 32 PI XXXIII HGlscher z~lts
have formed part of this group of struc- tures is probably one of the big colon- naded buildings which extend along the northern side of the temple forecourt Tast rubbish mounds in the open areas west of the palace buildings and along the embankments of the Birket Habu yielded quantities of inscribed jar fragments as did also the South Tllage a group of small factories and workmens houses 250 meters south of the main palace en-closure The double line labeled Cause- way in Figure 1is in fact a broad road- way embankment leading southward ap- parently from the mortuary temple of -4menhotep I11 at Kom el Hetsn behind lledinet Habu and past the palace to a small sun-temple near Deir esli Shelwit12 It was probably joined by a driven-ay from the Tes t Gate of the palace en-closure and perhaps by another from the rear of tlie XmGn temple
4ltliougli the inscribed material from the palace covers a period of time es-tending from the eighth to the thirty- eighth regnal years of dmenhotep 111 the vast majority of the dated inscrip- tions (chiefly jar-labels) belong to the last ten years of the reign with the heaviest concentrations of inscriptions falling nat- urally enough in Years 30 34 and 37 the dates of the kings three Sed-festivals (see Fig lG)lXs it non- appears that Xkh-
11 The South Village was escavated in 1902 by
LXVII 43-51
D e n k n r a p l e r I P1 73
See Lansing Bull AfllftMarch 1018 Supple- men pp 8 9 The inscriptions referred to will be reproduced in a subsequent article Holscher u-as ap- parently unas-are of their existence and of the nature and equipment of the building w-hen he suggested (z$s LXVII 17) that it was nothing more than a group of magazines surrounding a suite of administra- tive offices
10 O p cil p 10 The existence of such a hall in the near vicinity w-as indicated by the presence in these ruins of fragnients of a sandstone door-frame u-ith in- scriptions referring to the kings Sed-festival and by the concentration in the temple forecourt of hwidreds of jars for meat and other conimodities dated to Reg- nal Year 84 and designated as being for the repeti- tior] of the Jicb-Seil (see Figs 5 10-12)
Tytus (op czf pp 8 25) and cleared and planned by Winlock in 1911 (Bz~ll 4fM4 1912 p 185) The fragments of inscribed jars mentioned by Daressy (inn Sert IT 168-69) appear to have been found in the sanie general area
1 2 Tytus op cil p 8 The ruiris of the little teniple a t the southern end of the roadway appear to be un-published but include a small courtyard surrounding the base of a solar obelisk They are sonie distance from the 7-ell-known temple of Isis at Deir esh Shelwit (Porter-Moss Top Bibl 11 197)
Borchardts contention (zAs LXXII 55) that the third Heb-Sed was celebrated not in 1-ear 36 but in Year 37 is supported by the palace jar-labels (see Sos 59 112 161 and the table of Fig 16)
enaten was elevated to the throne as coregent in or about Year 28 of Amen- hotep 11114and transferred his residence to Tell el hmarna in or about Year 33 this means that the bulk of the dated in- scriptions from the palace at Thebes are cBontemporary with those found at Amar- na We can indeed establish a close cor- respondence in date year by year be- tween the two groups of inscriptions based on the equations Year 28 of A I I I = Year 1of A IT Year 33 of A I11= Year 6 of A IT Year 38 of A I11= ear 11 of A IT etc15 There is nothing either sur- prising or significant in the fact that very few of our dated inscriptions are earlier than Year 30 of Amenhotep I11 and none earlier than Year 8 On the contrary con- sidering the kind of inscriptions in ques- tion (temporary ink labels on pottery jars containing perishable commodities) it is remarkable that any have survived save those written during the last few years of the palace occupation That this occupation continued for some time after the death of Amenhotep I11 in Year 38 or early in Year 39 is indicated by the htenist erasures of the name of Aman from most of the hieroglyphic inscriptions throughout the palace-a step which probably would not have been taken dur- ing the lifetime of the old king-and by the presence in the palace ruins of ob-jects inscribed wit11 the cartouches of
1 4 He is assigned a coregency of eleven years by Pendlebury ( J E d XXII 198 see also Te l l el-d ~ n a r n a p 12) of more than nine years and proba- bly eleven or twelve years by Engelbach ( A n n Ser l XL 134-35 1371 and of scarcely less than a dozen years by Steindorff and Seele ( T h e n E g y p t Ru led t he E a s t p p 201 275)
I i Not an exact correspondence unless w-e assunie that Akhenaten was made coregent on the anniversary of his fathers accession According to Horchardt (l-littel z u r ze i t l ichen Festlewuno pp 83 87 121) there was a difference of three months and six days betw-een the cix-il calendar dates of the accession of Amenhotep 111 (2 iii) and that of Akhenaten (8 r i 1 )
Akhenaten Smenkhkarsc Tutcankhamnn CAnkhesenpaaten and Horemheb16
I THE JAR-LZBELS
The hundreds of hieratic labels written in black ink on the shoulders of the pottery jars in which supplies of wine ale meat fat honey oil and other commodi- ties were brought to the palace of hmen- hotep I11 have received little more than passing comment from the excavators and students of the site17 Inscriptions of this class however are well known from tombs temples and other palace and town sites of the Eighteenth and Nine- teenth dynasties and have been published in varying degrees of detail and from vari- ous points of view by Bruyampre18 Carterlg
Dawson121 E n g e l b a ~ h ~ ~ Fair-man23 Gardiner24 Griffith25 Hamza12 Hayes28 l l a ~ p e r o ~ ~ Nagel130
1s On the probable absence of any widespread per- secution of Aman during Amenhotep 111s lifetime see Engelbach A n n Sert SL144
1 See the references cited in nn 1 and 3 above and Hayes C h r o n dfig 1949 p 96 Pig 9
1 8 Fouil les I n s t f r Ca i re VI 11 12
1 9 T h e T o n t b o f T u t a n k h d n ~ e n 111 104 147-49 P1 L Photographs of the Tutcankhamiin wine-jars and labels taken by Harry Burton are on flle in the Metropolitan Museum (Negatives TAA 831 1023-32 1095 1180 1185-88 1190-95 1199 1200 1274)
2 0 I n Nagel lac eit (n 30) Professor b r n l has also made transcriptions of the jar-labels from the tomb of Tutcankhaman (see Engelbach o p c i t pp 163-64)
21 JE 4 9 133 22 A n n S e r t XL 163-64 2 3 I n Frankfort and Pendlebury T h e C i t y o f
Ikhenaten 11103-8 P1 LVIII
2 4 JEA V 195 198 244 257 259-60 593 XIX 128 O n o m a s t i c a 11 173f etc It ilbour P a p y r u s 11 110 and in Steindorff lac c i t (n 38)
i In Petrie Te l l el -4 Pnarna pp 32-34 Pls XXII- XXV
2 In Peet and TT70011ey T h e (it o r l khena ten I 164-68 Pls LXIII LXIX- and in Steindorff loc c i t (n 38)
2 I nn Se rc XXX 13-45 2 8 B u l l IffA January 1937 Sec 11 pp 30 37-
39 Ost raka ant1 S a r n e S tones f r o ~ n the Tornb o S e n - m Q t Nos 121-23 125-29
2 g In Davis and JIaspero T O I I ~o S i p h t a h pp x x ~ i xxvii
Docz~n len t s de Foz~ i l l v s Iws t r Ca i re X 15 18 22 50-51
Kewberry 31 Peet32 Q ~ i b e 1 1 ~ ~ Onomastics These xi11 be referred toSandman34
S~hiaparelli3~ S p e l e e r ~ ~ ~ S~ iege lbe rg ~~hereinafter simply as Amarna Czty I Steindorff38 JTiedemann3g and others The jars illustrated and described in a number of these publications are closely similar to those from Amenhotep 111s palace and good general discussions of the uses contents forms materials meth- ods of sealing stamping and labeling of such jars will be found in Bruyitres re- ports on his excavations at Deir el 1ledinchlq in Carters description of the wine jars found in the tomb of Tut ankh- ~imfin~l and in the third edition of Iiucasl Sncient Egyptian ifatcrials and Indl~stries~TTheworks ~i-llich we shall have occasion to cite most frequently in this series of articles are Petries Tell el Amarna Peet and JT70011eys The City of Akhennten Part I Frankfort and Pentlle- burys The City of dkhenaten Part 11 Spiegelbergs Hieratic 0st~aha zn the Iramesscum and his remarks on the Ramesseum and other jar-labels in Zeit- schrift fiir agyptlschc Sprache Volume LVIII and Gardiners Inczent Egyptian
City II Ramesseum ZAS LTIII and Gard 012
With the exception of six examples in Cairo43 and two in the Brooklyn Mu-seumh4 the jar-labels dealt wit11 here are in the Metropolitan lluseum of Art45 The table of Figure 16 gives the distribution of the labels by date and subject matter and contains in itself a good deal of informa- tion on the palace supplies and attivities during seventeen of Amenhotep 111s last thirty years on the throne Seedless to say the vast majority of the individual inscriptions are fragmentary and the 217 e~amples listed under in the n e ~ t to the last column of the table are so frag- mentary as not to be certainly identi- fiable The remaining 1183labels fall into 260 more or less distinct types hiero- glyphic transcriptions of which appear in Figures 4-16 Some of the types are repre- sented by one example only Aside from these the distribution of the labels by types is as follo~vs
E X ~ V P L E S TXPES 01 E L L H
816 1829303149 3237 586667 707380 106 107 110111 117 132 135 140 142 143 147 151 13-1 153 156 166 169 173 176 181 191 192 193 196 197 200 206 207 211 213 219 226 247 256 2
1 PSRI S S V 137-38 J TEA S I V 182
T o m b o f Ellna arlii T h u i i ~( C a t (111~ WLLS ( a i r ( Kos 51001-51191 1 p vi
I RiE1 d e r j TIII 1Xs83
L a T o n ~ b n dcll archilutto C h a 153-51 Fig 137
ei ~ Y JI n b r r g cle6 MZLSPYSRoia111 (i Rr~~rel e v Nos 185 187 188 206-31
3 I I l e ~ a t i c O s l ~ a k a a ~ i i i P a p y r i i n the R a f n t s - seuijr Pls X I S - S S S T I I I Nos 138-325 IS L T I I I 25-36 cf 51-52 in Petrie Six Tcn~pZc a1 Tiietii pp 21 20 Pls T S E X and in Qnibell l o r r i t
3 X l ~ i b a 11 151-52 PI (
Xis SSI 33--35
4 See especially the report for 1934-3i (Foui l lr s I n t fr Cnire Vol S V I ) pp 342-48
4 1 See 11 19 above
4 See especially pp 23-33
4 7 ill of Type 83 There appears to be no publica- tion of other jar-labels from the palace ill Cairo al-
though Daressy mer~tior~s having found a number in 1888 ( A n n S e w I V 169-70) a r ~ d sorrie from the lIetropolitan l l u s e ~ ~ m s wereexcavations of 1910-20 retained by the Cairo l luseum in the yearly divisions of finds A quantity of jar-sealings and other objects apparer~tlyfrom Daressys work in the palace are pub- lished by Quibell Archa ic Objects ( C a t g6n Mu C n l r e Sos 11001-12000 14001-14754) 5 0 s 11424-11493 pp 90-102 Pls X V I - S V I I I
ampOne example of Type 16 and one example of Type 73 (Accession KO 4866) Both arefrom Tytns excavations in the Palace of the King and are ap- parently the two ostraka mentioned by him on p 10 of his P r e l i m i n a r o Report (see n 3 above) I am grateful to Mr (ooney for permission to include these t-o ir~teresting labels in the present corpus
4 3 I e 1392 examples Only sixteen of these (of Types 24 48 59 80 96 130 138 143 158 184 206 207 211 219 and 239 see Pigs 2 3) have been accessior~ed (Sos 17102-16 18) but all have been copied sorted and arranged in Aling cabinets where they are readily availablr~ to st~~tlerits
EXIJIPIES TYPES O F EACH
9 17 21 23 32 33 34 36 37 40 41 60 79 84 88 104 112 115 129 134 162 165 170 190 218 227 252 3
6 10 14 45 63 76 78 105 109 127 153 159 161 1 8 8 4
15 62 71 93 121 133221 5 20 39 48 59 74 131 136 145 239 6- 7 54 55 56 77 94 96 99 108 130 163 164 8-15 85 89 91 92 95 100 103 160 19-38
Type 101 S5 examl~les Type 158 296 examples
The inscribed jar fragments were found 011s types of labels are frequently of some in the midst of tllousands of uninscribed significance to our knov-ledge of the his- pieces of the same jars in the ruined tory of the palace and its occupants it magazines attached to the various palace seems desirable to list the types once buildings in the much disturbed rubbish more--this time according to the parts of mounds adjacent to these buildings and the palace complex in ~ ~ h i c h werethey in the houses of the workmens villages found (refer to Fig 1 ) Since the exact provenances of the vari-
T Y P E R P R ~ V E X A S C E
7 10 13 16 17 26 39 49 55 60 64 71 73 77 78 84 85 87 88 89 119 124 150 153 189 195 197 219 221 227 259 Palace of the King
89 Ho1 IT 4 6 23 34 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 59 60 62 63 65 66
69 72 80 85 86 101 127 147 158 164 178 182 225 228 240 Middle Palace 38 57 89 143 151 203 206 207 208 212 213 214 251 Ho3i1 40 54 55 75 77 85 91 96 101 148 164 176 180 190 201 218 West Villa B 9 11 34 56 59 85 91 92 99 130 131 132 134 158 163 1 6 4 Nortll Palace 1 37 89 158 (290 examples) 209 Temple of Amiin 12 1424545979858892959698100 141 146 147 153 183 187
211 221 232 244 249 253 South Village 10 18222529303236 566770 77 78 79 8 8 89 9 9 101 105
105 110 112 113 125 133 137 139 145 154 157 160 162 164 166 176 185 200 202 217 218 219 237 239 252 258 Rubbish Mounds
T l ~ e photographs of Figures 2 and 3 inscribed jar fragments bear in addition sliolv specimens of most of the principal to a relatively fresh label the faded or (lasses of jar-labels and give some idea of partially erased remains of one or more the variety of individual handwritings earlier labels showing that the jars when found in these ins~r ip t ions ~~ empty n-ere often sent back for refilling Many of the
6 See also Cliron dfiu1919 Pig 9 (opp p 96) resealing and relabeling-though not wherein are illustrated fragmentary examples of Types 60 ( A ) 62 (D C F) 113 (E) and 165 ( B ) and necessarily to the same vineyards brew- Lansing o p c i i p 8 Fig 3 (Type 158) Cf Cirif- eries or stock-farms from rvhich they had flth I i i ~ r a t ~ cI a p y r ~ row8 K a h u n ar id Gurob Pls S S S V I I I X S X I S 11011er P a l a o y r a p h i r 11 P1 come originally Among the labels found I11 aud Col 3 ) d m a r n a Pls XIYII-SIYV C i tg IP1 side by side or one above the other on the L S I I I etc The labels illustrated in Pigs 2 and 3 are in several cases variants of those selected for transcrip- same pieces of pottery are Nos 1and 209 tion in Pigs 4-16 which though more complete and 9 and 33 10 and 138 (see Eig 2) 22 and more characteristic of their types are not always clear enough for good photographic reproduction 33 42 and 62 68 and 63 77 and 188 101
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
METROPOLITAN OF ~ R T~IUSEOM SEWYORK
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
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FIG 16
ISSCRIPTJOSS FROM THI4 PALACE OF AMESHOTEP 111
AGR-ITIFYINC result of the excavations conducted in soutlir-estern Thebes during the years 1910-20 by the
Egyptian Expedition of the lletropolitan Sluseum of Art1 was the recovery from the ruins of the palace-city of Xmenhotep I I I h f a considerable amount of inscribed material much of it of a historical or semi- historical nature Included among the finds now in New k-ork are some fourteen hundred hieratic jar-labels an interesting series of stamped jar-sealings and stamped mud bricks many ring bezels and other small objects bearing royal and private names and a f e ~ ~ inscribed architectural elements-all dated or datable to the last three decades of the reign of Amenhotep 111 While it is not feasible nor perhaps even desirable to publish this material in extenso we may utilize the Jolsrnals hos- pitable pages to record the principal types of inscriptions preserved to us from tlie palace ruins and to examine briefly the data ~vhicli they contain on tlie life and history of the late Eighteenth Dynasty
Figure 1ii much reduced and simplified version of lTalter Hausers master-plan of the palace area made at the conclusion of the Iluseums escavations in 1920 shows the distribution and outlines of the principal buildings and the locations of I
king3 occupies the southeast quarter of the great complex and is adjoined on the east by its kitchens offices and storc-rooms and by a smaller royal dxelling (the South Palace) perhaps at one time the residence of Queen T ~ Y ~ The rambling Middle Palace IT-ith its big porticoed caourtyard was probably built for the pharaohs eldest son Alihenaten and or- c~upied by him previous to and during the first five years of his coregency with his f a t l~e r ~Adjoining this palace which is listed in the Ex~editions field notes as Ho2TI- are the great houses HolV and Ho3M7 prepared presumably for t ~ v o other members of 9menliotep 111s es- tensive family The three big West Tillas (A R and C) grouped together in a sepa- rate enclosure of their own are thought to have housed the three senior officials of the court while the rows of small five- room houses farther to the west Irere clearly provided for minor officials or palace attendants Similar rows of small houses or Servants Quarters run parallel to the great Sorth Palace which appears to have been the residence of an extremely
3 This stmctnre often referred to by moderr1 rriters simply as the Palace was partially esca-iated by Daressy in 1888-89 ( I nn Se ro IV 165-70 SSVI 12) re-excavated by Tytus in January 1902
ofPalacethePre l i nc inary Repor t o n 1 d n ~ e n h ~ t e p I I I [New york 190311 and cleared by Winlock
the other sites in nhich tlie inscribed [luring the winter of 1910-11 (Bul l Mfl 1912 pp
pieczes were found The oldest and most important building the palace of the
1 Bull Afllfl1912 pp 184-89 1915 pp 2B3-56 March 1918 S u p p l ~ m e n pp 8-14 December 1920 Par t 11p 12
2 Long known to the natles of rnodern Thebes as el lllalkata (tho place where things are picked up) the whole of the palace complex appears to have been called in antiquity Pr-4 I the House of Rejoicing
184-89)
4 Of the earlier palace buildings this is the one most closely adjoining the Rirket Habn the great T-shaped lake or harbor which we are told was constructed expressly for the queen (Drioton I nn S r r r -YLV 89-91 Engelbach and llscaldin Bz~11I n s l dampnUptr SS51-81 etc)
2 The date Regnal Year 1 (almost certainly of -4khrnatenl occurs only in inscriptions fronl the lfiddle Palace (Fig 4 xo 6)
important royal lady quite possibly Queen SitamCn6 The western end of tliis building is given over to magazines and workshops and farther to the JT-est are the remains of a TI-orkmens village Yorth of the latter and probably at one time the northernmost building of the palace group is the royal Audience Pavilion its floor elevated above the surrounding terrain its northern faqade provided wit11 a balcony-like projection jutting out into a deep colonnaded courtyard -ilkinsons Topographical Survey of Thebes pub-lished in 1830 and the general map of Tliebes drawn up by Lepsius in 1842-458 slio~v portions of the outlines of both this courtyard and a much larger enclosure a hundred meters farther to the north The last-named comprises the forecourt terrace halls sanctuaries and magazines of a building identified by scores of stamped bricks and other inscribed ob- jects found in it as the Temple (hwt ) of Aman in the House of Rejoi~ing~-4 Festival Hall prepared for the celebra- tion of 4menhotep 111s second Sed-festival rightly believed by Lansinglo to
6 Evelyn 1T7hite its escavator has pointed out that this palace is without the usual harem accommoda- tions and must therefore have been built for and occii- pied by either a woman or a young boy (Bull VfATfA1 1015 p 256)
Cf Davies Z ~ S LX SO-56 T h e Tomb of f i le T 7 i z i e r Raviose p 32 PI XXXIII HGlscher z~lts
have formed part of this group of struc- tures is probably one of the big colon- naded buildings which extend along the northern side of the temple forecourt Tast rubbish mounds in the open areas west of the palace buildings and along the embankments of the Birket Habu yielded quantities of inscribed jar fragments as did also the South Tllage a group of small factories and workmens houses 250 meters south of the main palace en-closure The double line labeled Cause- way in Figure 1is in fact a broad road- way embankment leading southward ap- parently from the mortuary temple of -4menhotep I11 at Kom el Hetsn behind lledinet Habu and past the palace to a small sun-temple near Deir esli Shelwit12 It was probably joined by a driven-ay from the Tes t Gate of the palace en-closure and perhaps by another from the rear of tlie XmGn temple
4ltliougli the inscribed material from the palace covers a period of time es-tending from the eighth to the thirty- eighth regnal years of dmenhotep 111 the vast majority of the dated inscrip- tions (chiefly jar-labels) belong to the last ten years of the reign with the heaviest concentrations of inscriptions falling nat- urally enough in Years 30 34 and 37 the dates of the kings three Sed-festivals (see Fig lG)lXs it non- appears that Xkh-
11 The South Village was escavated in 1902 by
LXVII 43-51
D e n k n r a p l e r I P1 73
See Lansing Bull AfllftMarch 1018 Supple- men pp 8 9 The inscriptions referred to will be reproduced in a subsequent article Holscher u-as ap- parently unas-are of their existence and of the nature and equipment of the building w-hen he suggested (z$s LXVII 17) that it was nothing more than a group of magazines surrounding a suite of administra- tive offices
10 O p cil p 10 The existence of such a hall in the near vicinity w-as indicated by the presence in these ruins of fragnients of a sandstone door-frame u-ith in- scriptions referring to the kings Sed-festival and by the concentration in the temple forecourt of hwidreds of jars for meat and other conimodities dated to Reg- nal Year 84 and designated as being for the repeti- tior] of the Jicb-Seil (see Figs 5 10-12)
Tytus (op czf pp 8 25) and cleared and planned by Winlock in 1911 (Bz~ll 4fM4 1912 p 185) The fragments of inscribed jars mentioned by Daressy (inn Sert IT 168-69) appear to have been found in the sanie general area
1 2 Tytus op cil p 8 The ruiris of the little teniple a t the southern end of the roadway appear to be un-published but include a small courtyard surrounding the base of a solar obelisk They are sonie distance from the 7-ell-known temple of Isis at Deir esh Shelwit (Porter-Moss Top Bibl 11 197)
Borchardts contention (zAs LXXII 55) that the third Heb-Sed was celebrated not in 1-ear 36 but in Year 37 is supported by the palace jar-labels (see Sos 59 112 161 and the table of Fig 16)
enaten was elevated to the throne as coregent in or about Year 28 of Amen- hotep 11114and transferred his residence to Tell el hmarna in or about Year 33 this means that the bulk of the dated in- scriptions from the palace at Thebes are cBontemporary with those found at Amar- na We can indeed establish a close cor- respondence in date year by year be- tween the two groups of inscriptions based on the equations Year 28 of A I I I = Year 1of A IT Year 33 of A I11= Year 6 of A IT Year 38 of A I11= ear 11 of A IT etc15 There is nothing either sur- prising or significant in the fact that very few of our dated inscriptions are earlier than Year 30 of Amenhotep I11 and none earlier than Year 8 On the contrary con- sidering the kind of inscriptions in ques- tion (temporary ink labels on pottery jars containing perishable commodities) it is remarkable that any have survived save those written during the last few years of the palace occupation That this occupation continued for some time after the death of Amenhotep I11 in Year 38 or early in Year 39 is indicated by the htenist erasures of the name of Aman from most of the hieroglyphic inscriptions throughout the palace-a step which probably would not have been taken dur- ing the lifetime of the old king-and by the presence in the palace ruins of ob-jects inscribed wit11 the cartouches of
1 4 He is assigned a coregency of eleven years by Pendlebury ( J E d XXII 198 see also Te l l el-d ~ n a r n a p 12) of more than nine years and proba- bly eleven or twelve years by Engelbach ( A n n Ser l XL 134-35 1371 and of scarcely less than a dozen years by Steindorff and Seele ( T h e n E g y p t Ru led t he E a s t p p 201 275)
I i Not an exact correspondence unless w-e assunie that Akhenaten was made coregent on the anniversary of his fathers accession According to Horchardt (l-littel z u r ze i t l ichen Festlewuno pp 83 87 121) there was a difference of three months and six days betw-een the cix-il calendar dates of the accession of Amenhotep 111 (2 iii) and that of Akhenaten (8 r i 1 )
Akhenaten Smenkhkarsc Tutcankhamnn CAnkhesenpaaten and Horemheb16
I THE JAR-LZBELS
The hundreds of hieratic labels written in black ink on the shoulders of the pottery jars in which supplies of wine ale meat fat honey oil and other commodi- ties were brought to the palace of hmen- hotep I11 have received little more than passing comment from the excavators and students of the site17 Inscriptions of this class however are well known from tombs temples and other palace and town sites of the Eighteenth and Nine- teenth dynasties and have been published in varying degrees of detail and from vari- ous points of view by Bruyampre18 Carterlg
Dawson121 E n g e l b a ~ h ~ ~ Fair-man23 Gardiner24 Griffith25 Hamza12 Hayes28 l l a ~ p e r o ~ ~ Nagel130
1s On the probable absence of any widespread per- secution of Aman during Amenhotep 111s lifetime see Engelbach A n n Sert SL144
1 See the references cited in nn 1 and 3 above and Hayes C h r o n dfig 1949 p 96 Pig 9
1 8 Fouil les I n s t f r Ca i re VI 11 12
1 9 T h e T o n t b o f T u t a n k h d n ~ e n 111 104 147-49 P1 L Photographs of the Tutcankhamiin wine-jars and labels taken by Harry Burton are on flle in the Metropolitan Museum (Negatives TAA 831 1023-32 1095 1180 1185-88 1190-95 1199 1200 1274)
2 0 I n Nagel lac eit (n 30) Professor b r n l has also made transcriptions of the jar-labels from the tomb of Tutcankhaman (see Engelbach o p c i t pp 163-64)
21 JE 4 9 133 22 A n n S e r t XL 163-64 2 3 I n Frankfort and Pendlebury T h e C i t y o f
Ikhenaten 11103-8 P1 LVIII
2 4 JEA V 195 198 244 257 259-60 593 XIX 128 O n o m a s t i c a 11 173f etc It ilbour P a p y r u s 11 110 and in Steindorff lac c i t (n 38)
i In Petrie Te l l el -4 Pnarna pp 32-34 Pls XXII- XXV
2 In Peet and TT70011ey T h e (it o r l khena ten I 164-68 Pls LXIII LXIX- and in Steindorff loc c i t (n 38)
2 I nn Se rc XXX 13-45 2 8 B u l l IffA January 1937 Sec 11 pp 30 37-
39 Ost raka ant1 S a r n e S tones f r o ~ n the Tornb o S e n - m Q t Nos 121-23 125-29
2 g In Davis and JIaspero T O I I ~o S i p h t a h pp x x ~ i xxvii
Docz~n len t s de Foz~ i l l v s Iws t r Ca i re X 15 18 22 50-51
Kewberry 31 Peet32 Q ~ i b e 1 1 ~ ~ Onomastics These xi11 be referred toSandman34
S~hiaparelli3~ S p e l e e r ~ ~ ~ S~ iege lbe rg ~~hereinafter simply as Amarna Czty I Steindorff38 JTiedemann3g and others The jars illustrated and described in a number of these publications are closely similar to those from Amenhotep 111s palace and good general discussions of the uses contents forms materials meth- ods of sealing stamping and labeling of such jars will be found in Bruyitres re- ports on his excavations at Deir el 1ledinchlq in Carters description of the wine jars found in the tomb of Tut ankh- ~imfin~l and in the third edition of Iiucasl Sncient Egyptian ifatcrials and Indl~stries~TTheworks ~i-llich we shall have occasion to cite most frequently in this series of articles are Petries Tell el Amarna Peet and JT70011eys The City of Akhennten Part I Frankfort and Pentlle- burys The City of dkhenaten Part 11 Spiegelbergs Hieratic 0st~aha zn the Iramesscum and his remarks on the Ramesseum and other jar-labels in Zeit- schrift fiir agyptlschc Sprache Volume LVIII and Gardiners Inczent Egyptian
City II Ramesseum ZAS LTIII and Gard 012
With the exception of six examples in Cairo43 and two in the Brooklyn Mu-seumh4 the jar-labels dealt wit11 here are in the Metropolitan lluseum of Art45 The table of Figure 16 gives the distribution of the labels by date and subject matter and contains in itself a good deal of informa- tion on the palace supplies and attivities during seventeen of Amenhotep 111s last thirty years on the throne Seedless to say the vast majority of the individual inscriptions are fragmentary and the 217 e~amples listed under in the n e ~ t to the last column of the table are so frag- mentary as not to be certainly identi- fiable The remaining 1183labels fall into 260 more or less distinct types hiero- glyphic transcriptions of which appear in Figures 4-16 Some of the types are repre- sented by one example only Aside from these the distribution of the labels by types is as follo~vs
E X ~ V P L E S TXPES 01 E L L H
816 1829303149 3237 586667 707380 106 107 110111 117 132 135 140 142 143 147 151 13-1 153 156 166 169 173 176 181 191 192 193 196 197 200 206 207 211 213 219 226 247 256 2
1 PSRI S S V 137-38 J TEA S I V 182
T o m b o f Ellna arlii T h u i i ~( C a t (111~ WLLS ( a i r ( Kos 51001-51191 1 p vi
I RiE1 d e r j TIII 1Xs83
L a T o n ~ b n dcll archilutto C h a 153-51 Fig 137
ei ~ Y JI n b r r g cle6 MZLSPYSRoia111 (i Rr~~rel e v Nos 185 187 188 206-31
3 I I l e ~ a t i c O s l ~ a k a a ~ i i i P a p y r i i n the R a f n t s - seuijr Pls X I S - S S S T I I I Nos 138-325 IS L T I I I 25-36 cf 51-52 in Petrie Six Tcn~pZc a1 Tiietii pp 21 20 Pls T S E X and in Qnibell l o r r i t
3 X l ~ i b a 11 151-52 PI (
Xis SSI 33--35
4 See especially the report for 1934-3i (Foui l lr s I n t fr Cnire Vol S V I ) pp 342-48
4 1 See 11 19 above
4 See especially pp 23-33
4 7 ill of Type 83 There appears to be no publica- tion of other jar-labels from the palace ill Cairo al-
though Daressy mer~tior~s having found a number in 1888 ( A n n S e w I V 169-70) a r ~ d sorrie from the lIetropolitan l l u s e ~ ~ m s wereexcavations of 1910-20 retained by the Cairo l luseum in the yearly divisions of finds A quantity of jar-sealings and other objects apparer~tlyfrom Daressys work in the palace are pub- lished by Quibell Archa ic Objects ( C a t g6n Mu C n l r e Sos 11001-12000 14001-14754) 5 0 s 11424-11493 pp 90-102 Pls X V I - S V I I I
ampOne example of Type 16 and one example of Type 73 (Accession KO 4866) Both arefrom Tytns excavations in the Palace of the King and are ap- parently the two ostraka mentioned by him on p 10 of his P r e l i m i n a r o Report (see n 3 above) I am grateful to Mr (ooney for permission to include these t-o ir~teresting labels in the present corpus
4 3 I e 1392 examples Only sixteen of these (of Types 24 48 59 80 96 130 138 143 158 184 206 207 211 219 and 239 see Pigs 2 3) have been accessior~ed (Sos 17102-16 18) but all have been copied sorted and arranged in Aling cabinets where they are readily availablr~ to st~~tlerits
EXIJIPIES TYPES O F EACH
9 17 21 23 32 33 34 36 37 40 41 60 79 84 88 104 112 115 129 134 162 165 170 190 218 227 252 3
6 10 14 45 63 76 78 105 109 127 153 159 161 1 8 8 4
15 62 71 93 121 133221 5 20 39 48 59 74 131 136 145 239 6- 7 54 55 56 77 94 96 99 108 130 163 164 8-15 85 89 91 92 95 100 103 160 19-38
Type 101 S5 examl~les Type 158 296 examples
The inscribed jar fragments were found 011s types of labels are frequently of some in the midst of tllousands of uninscribed significance to our knov-ledge of the his- pieces of the same jars in the ruined tory of the palace and its occupants it magazines attached to the various palace seems desirable to list the types once buildings in the much disturbed rubbish more--this time according to the parts of mounds adjacent to these buildings and the palace complex in ~ ~ h i c h werethey in the houses of the workmens villages found (refer to Fig 1 ) Since the exact provenances of the vari-
T Y P E R P R ~ V E X A S C E
7 10 13 16 17 26 39 49 55 60 64 71 73 77 78 84 85 87 88 89 119 124 150 153 189 195 197 219 221 227 259 Palace of the King
89 Ho1 IT 4 6 23 34 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 59 60 62 63 65 66
69 72 80 85 86 101 127 147 158 164 178 182 225 228 240 Middle Palace 38 57 89 143 151 203 206 207 208 212 213 214 251 Ho3i1 40 54 55 75 77 85 91 96 101 148 164 176 180 190 201 218 West Villa B 9 11 34 56 59 85 91 92 99 130 131 132 134 158 163 1 6 4 Nortll Palace 1 37 89 158 (290 examples) 209 Temple of Amiin 12 1424545979858892959698100 141 146 147 153 183 187
211 221 232 244 249 253 South Village 10 18222529303236 566770 77 78 79 8 8 89 9 9 101 105
105 110 112 113 125 133 137 139 145 154 157 160 162 164 166 176 185 200 202 217 218 219 237 239 252 258 Rubbish Mounds
T l ~ e photographs of Figures 2 and 3 inscribed jar fragments bear in addition sliolv specimens of most of the principal to a relatively fresh label the faded or (lasses of jar-labels and give some idea of partially erased remains of one or more the variety of individual handwritings earlier labels showing that the jars when found in these ins~r ip t ions ~~ empty n-ere often sent back for refilling Many of the
6 See also Cliron dfiu1919 Pig 9 (opp p 96) resealing and relabeling-though not wherein are illustrated fragmentary examples of Types 60 ( A ) 62 (D C F) 113 (E) and 165 ( B ) and necessarily to the same vineyards brew- Lansing o p c i i p 8 Fig 3 (Type 158) Cf Cirif- eries or stock-farms from rvhich they had flth I i i ~ r a t ~ cI a p y r ~ row8 K a h u n ar id Gurob Pls S S S V I I I X S X I S 11011er P a l a o y r a p h i r 11 P1 come originally Among the labels found I11 aud Col 3 ) d m a r n a Pls XIYII-SIYV C i tg IP1 side by side or one above the other on the L S I I I etc The labels illustrated in Pigs 2 and 3 are in several cases variants of those selected for transcrip- same pieces of pottery are Nos 1and 209 tion in Pigs 4-16 which though more complete and 9 and 33 10 and 138 (see Eig 2) 22 and more characteristic of their types are not always clear enough for good photographic reproduction 33 42 and 62 68 and 63 77 and 188 101
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
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FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
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MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
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N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
important royal lady quite possibly Queen SitamCn6 The western end of tliis building is given over to magazines and workshops and farther to the JT-est are the remains of a TI-orkmens village Yorth of the latter and probably at one time the northernmost building of the palace group is the royal Audience Pavilion its floor elevated above the surrounding terrain its northern faqade provided wit11 a balcony-like projection jutting out into a deep colonnaded courtyard -ilkinsons Topographical Survey of Thebes pub-lished in 1830 and the general map of Tliebes drawn up by Lepsius in 1842-458 slio~v portions of the outlines of both this courtyard and a much larger enclosure a hundred meters farther to the north The last-named comprises the forecourt terrace halls sanctuaries and magazines of a building identified by scores of stamped bricks and other inscribed ob- jects found in it as the Temple (hwt ) of Aman in the House of Rejoi~ing~-4 Festival Hall prepared for the celebra- tion of 4menhotep 111s second Sed-festival rightly believed by Lansinglo to
6 Evelyn 1T7hite its escavator has pointed out that this palace is without the usual harem accommoda- tions and must therefore have been built for and occii- pied by either a woman or a young boy (Bull VfATfA1 1015 p 256)
Cf Davies Z ~ S LX SO-56 T h e Tomb of f i le T 7 i z i e r Raviose p 32 PI XXXIII HGlscher z~lts
have formed part of this group of struc- tures is probably one of the big colon- naded buildings which extend along the northern side of the temple forecourt Tast rubbish mounds in the open areas west of the palace buildings and along the embankments of the Birket Habu yielded quantities of inscribed jar fragments as did also the South Tllage a group of small factories and workmens houses 250 meters south of the main palace en-closure The double line labeled Cause- way in Figure 1is in fact a broad road- way embankment leading southward ap- parently from the mortuary temple of -4menhotep I11 at Kom el Hetsn behind lledinet Habu and past the palace to a small sun-temple near Deir esli Shelwit12 It was probably joined by a driven-ay from the Tes t Gate of the palace en-closure and perhaps by another from the rear of tlie XmGn temple
4ltliougli the inscribed material from the palace covers a period of time es-tending from the eighth to the thirty- eighth regnal years of dmenhotep 111 the vast majority of the dated inscrip- tions (chiefly jar-labels) belong to the last ten years of the reign with the heaviest concentrations of inscriptions falling nat- urally enough in Years 30 34 and 37 the dates of the kings three Sed-festivals (see Fig lG)lXs it non- appears that Xkh-
11 The South Village was escavated in 1902 by
LXVII 43-51
D e n k n r a p l e r I P1 73
See Lansing Bull AfllftMarch 1018 Supple- men pp 8 9 The inscriptions referred to will be reproduced in a subsequent article Holscher u-as ap- parently unas-are of their existence and of the nature and equipment of the building w-hen he suggested (z$s LXVII 17) that it was nothing more than a group of magazines surrounding a suite of administra- tive offices
10 O p cil p 10 The existence of such a hall in the near vicinity w-as indicated by the presence in these ruins of fragnients of a sandstone door-frame u-ith in- scriptions referring to the kings Sed-festival and by the concentration in the temple forecourt of hwidreds of jars for meat and other conimodities dated to Reg- nal Year 84 and designated as being for the repeti- tior] of the Jicb-Seil (see Figs 5 10-12)
Tytus (op czf pp 8 25) and cleared and planned by Winlock in 1911 (Bz~ll 4fM4 1912 p 185) The fragments of inscribed jars mentioned by Daressy (inn Sert IT 168-69) appear to have been found in the sanie general area
1 2 Tytus op cil p 8 The ruiris of the little teniple a t the southern end of the roadway appear to be un-published but include a small courtyard surrounding the base of a solar obelisk They are sonie distance from the 7-ell-known temple of Isis at Deir esh Shelwit (Porter-Moss Top Bibl 11 197)
Borchardts contention (zAs LXXII 55) that the third Heb-Sed was celebrated not in 1-ear 36 but in Year 37 is supported by the palace jar-labels (see Sos 59 112 161 and the table of Fig 16)
enaten was elevated to the throne as coregent in or about Year 28 of Amen- hotep 11114and transferred his residence to Tell el hmarna in or about Year 33 this means that the bulk of the dated in- scriptions from the palace at Thebes are cBontemporary with those found at Amar- na We can indeed establish a close cor- respondence in date year by year be- tween the two groups of inscriptions based on the equations Year 28 of A I I I = Year 1of A IT Year 33 of A I11= Year 6 of A IT Year 38 of A I11= ear 11 of A IT etc15 There is nothing either sur- prising or significant in the fact that very few of our dated inscriptions are earlier than Year 30 of Amenhotep I11 and none earlier than Year 8 On the contrary con- sidering the kind of inscriptions in ques- tion (temporary ink labels on pottery jars containing perishable commodities) it is remarkable that any have survived save those written during the last few years of the palace occupation That this occupation continued for some time after the death of Amenhotep I11 in Year 38 or early in Year 39 is indicated by the htenist erasures of the name of Aman from most of the hieroglyphic inscriptions throughout the palace-a step which probably would not have been taken dur- ing the lifetime of the old king-and by the presence in the palace ruins of ob-jects inscribed wit11 the cartouches of
1 4 He is assigned a coregency of eleven years by Pendlebury ( J E d XXII 198 see also Te l l el-d ~ n a r n a p 12) of more than nine years and proba- bly eleven or twelve years by Engelbach ( A n n Ser l XL 134-35 1371 and of scarcely less than a dozen years by Steindorff and Seele ( T h e n E g y p t Ru led t he E a s t p p 201 275)
I i Not an exact correspondence unless w-e assunie that Akhenaten was made coregent on the anniversary of his fathers accession According to Horchardt (l-littel z u r ze i t l ichen Festlewuno pp 83 87 121) there was a difference of three months and six days betw-een the cix-il calendar dates of the accession of Amenhotep 111 (2 iii) and that of Akhenaten (8 r i 1 )
Akhenaten Smenkhkarsc Tutcankhamnn CAnkhesenpaaten and Horemheb16
I THE JAR-LZBELS
The hundreds of hieratic labels written in black ink on the shoulders of the pottery jars in which supplies of wine ale meat fat honey oil and other commodi- ties were brought to the palace of hmen- hotep I11 have received little more than passing comment from the excavators and students of the site17 Inscriptions of this class however are well known from tombs temples and other palace and town sites of the Eighteenth and Nine- teenth dynasties and have been published in varying degrees of detail and from vari- ous points of view by Bruyampre18 Carterlg
Dawson121 E n g e l b a ~ h ~ ~ Fair-man23 Gardiner24 Griffith25 Hamza12 Hayes28 l l a ~ p e r o ~ ~ Nagel130
1s On the probable absence of any widespread per- secution of Aman during Amenhotep 111s lifetime see Engelbach A n n Sert SL144
1 See the references cited in nn 1 and 3 above and Hayes C h r o n dfig 1949 p 96 Pig 9
1 8 Fouil les I n s t f r Ca i re VI 11 12
1 9 T h e T o n t b o f T u t a n k h d n ~ e n 111 104 147-49 P1 L Photographs of the Tutcankhamiin wine-jars and labels taken by Harry Burton are on flle in the Metropolitan Museum (Negatives TAA 831 1023-32 1095 1180 1185-88 1190-95 1199 1200 1274)
2 0 I n Nagel lac eit (n 30) Professor b r n l has also made transcriptions of the jar-labels from the tomb of Tutcankhaman (see Engelbach o p c i t pp 163-64)
21 JE 4 9 133 22 A n n S e r t XL 163-64 2 3 I n Frankfort and Pendlebury T h e C i t y o f
Ikhenaten 11103-8 P1 LVIII
2 4 JEA V 195 198 244 257 259-60 593 XIX 128 O n o m a s t i c a 11 173f etc It ilbour P a p y r u s 11 110 and in Steindorff lac c i t (n 38)
i In Petrie Te l l el -4 Pnarna pp 32-34 Pls XXII- XXV
2 In Peet and TT70011ey T h e (it o r l khena ten I 164-68 Pls LXIII LXIX- and in Steindorff loc c i t (n 38)
2 I nn Se rc XXX 13-45 2 8 B u l l IffA January 1937 Sec 11 pp 30 37-
39 Ost raka ant1 S a r n e S tones f r o ~ n the Tornb o S e n - m Q t Nos 121-23 125-29
2 g In Davis and JIaspero T O I I ~o S i p h t a h pp x x ~ i xxvii
Docz~n len t s de Foz~ i l l v s Iws t r Ca i re X 15 18 22 50-51
Kewberry 31 Peet32 Q ~ i b e 1 1 ~ ~ Onomastics These xi11 be referred toSandman34
S~hiaparelli3~ S p e l e e r ~ ~ ~ S~ iege lbe rg ~~hereinafter simply as Amarna Czty I Steindorff38 JTiedemann3g and others The jars illustrated and described in a number of these publications are closely similar to those from Amenhotep 111s palace and good general discussions of the uses contents forms materials meth- ods of sealing stamping and labeling of such jars will be found in Bruyitres re- ports on his excavations at Deir el 1ledinchlq in Carters description of the wine jars found in the tomb of Tut ankh- ~imfin~l and in the third edition of Iiucasl Sncient Egyptian ifatcrials and Indl~stries~TTheworks ~i-llich we shall have occasion to cite most frequently in this series of articles are Petries Tell el Amarna Peet and JT70011eys The City of Akhennten Part I Frankfort and Pentlle- burys The City of dkhenaten Part 11 Spiegelbergs Hieratic 0st~aha zn the Iramesscum and his remarks on the Ramesseum and other jar-labels in Zeit- schrift fiir agyptlschc Sprache Volume LVIII and Gardiners Inczent Egyptian
City II Ramesseum ZAS LTIII and Gard 012
With the exception of six examples in Cairo43 and two in the Brooklyn Mu-seumh4 the jar-labels dealt wit11 here are in the Metropolitan lluseum of Art45 The table of Figure 16 gives the distribution of the labels by date and subject matter and contains in itself a good deal of informa- tion on the palace supplies and attivities during seventeen of Amenhotep 111s last thirty years on the throne Seedless to say the vast majority of the individual inscriptions are fragmentary and the 217 e~amples listed under in the n e ~ t to the last column of the table are so frag- mentary as not to be certainly identi- fiable The remaining 1183labels fall into 260 more or less distinct types hiero- glyphic transcriptions of which appear in Figures 4-16 Some of the types are repre- sented by one example only Aside from these the distribution of the labels by types is as follo~vs
E X ~ V P L E S TXPES 01 E L L H
816 1829303149 3237 586667 707380 106 107 110111 117 132 135 140 142 143 147 151 13-1 153 156 166 169 173 176 181 191 192 193 196 197 200 206 207 211 213 219 226 247 256 2
1 PSRI S S V 137-38 J TEA S I V 182
T o m b o f Ellna arlii T h u i i ~( C a t (111~ WLLS ( a i r ( Kos 51001-51191 1 p vi
I RiE1 d e r j TIII 1Xs83
L a T o n ~ b n dcll archilutto C h a 153-51 Fig 137
ei ~ Y JI n b r r g cle6 MZLSPYSRoia111 (i Rr~~rel e v Nos 185 187 188 206-31
3 I I l e ~ a t i c O s l ~ a k a a ~ i i i P a p y r i i n the R a f n t s - seuijr Pls X I S - S S S T I I I Nos 138-325 IS L T I I I 25-36 cf 51-52 in Petrie Six Tcn~pZc a1 Tiietii pp 21 20 Pls T S E X and in Qnibell l o r r i t
3 X l ~ i b a 11 151-52 PI (
Xis SSI 33--35
4 See especially the report for 1934-3i (Foui l lr s I n t fr Cnire Vol S V I ) pp 342-48
4 1 See 11 19 above
4 See especially pp 23-33
4 7 ill of Type 83 There appears to be no publica- tion of other jar-labels from the palace ill Cairo al-
though Daressy mer~tior~s having found a number in 1888 ( A n n S e w I V 169-70) a r ~ d sorrie from the lIetropolitan l l u s e ~ ~ m s wereexcavations of 1910-20 retained by the Cairo l luseum in the yearly divisions of finds A quantity of jar-sealings and other objects apparer~tlyfrom Daressys work in the palace are pub- lished by Quibell Archa ic Objects ( C a t g6n Mu C n l r e Sos 11001-12000 14001-14754) 5 0 s 11424-11493 pp 90-102 Pls X V I - S V I I I
ampOne example of Type 16 and one example of Type 73 (Accession KO 4866) Both arefrom Tytns excavations in the Palace of the King and are ap- parently the two ostraka mentioned by him on p 10 of his P r e l i m i n a r o Report (see n 3 above) I am grateful to Mr (ooney for permission to include these t-o ir~teresting labels in the present corpus
4 3 I e 1392 examples Only sixteen of these (of Types 24 48 59 80 96 130 138 143 158 184 206 207 211 219 and 239 see Pigs 2 3) have been accessior~ed (Sos 17102-16 18) but all have been copied sorted and arranged in Aling cabinets where they are readily availablr~ to st~~tlerits
EXIJIPIES TYPES O F EACH
9 17 21 23 32 33 34 36 37 40 41 60 79 84 88 104 112 115 129 134 162 165 170 190 218 227 252 3
6 10 14 45 63 76 78 105 109 127 153 159 161 1 8 8 4
15 62 71 93 121 133221 5 20 39 48 59 74 131 136 145 239 6- 7 54 55 56 77 94 96 99 108 130 163 164 8-15 85 89 91 92 95 100 103 160 19-38
Type 101 S5 examl~les Type 158 296 examples
The inscribed jar fragments were found 011s types of labels are frequently of some in the midst of tllousands of uninscribed significance to our knov-ledge of the his- pieces of the same jars in the ruined tory of the palace and its occupants it magazines attached to the various palace seems desirable to list the types once buildings in the much disturbed rubbish more--this time according to the parts of mounds adjacent to these buildings and the palace complex in ~ ~ h i c h werethey in the houses of the workmens villages found (refer to Fig 1 ) Since the exact provenances of the vari-
T Y P E R P R ~ V E X A S C E
7 10 13 16 17 26 39 49 55 60 64 71 73 77 78 84 85 87 88 89 119 124 150 153 189 195 197 219 221 227 259 Palace of the King
89 Ho1 IT 4 6 23 34 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 59 60 62 63 65 66
69 72 80 85 86 101 127 147 158 164 178 182 225 228 240 Middle Palace 38 57 89 143 151 203 206 207 208 212 213 214 251 Ho3i1 40 54 55 75 77 85 91 96 101 148 164 176 180 190 201 218 West Villa B 9 11 34 56 59 85 91 92 99 130 131 132 134 158 163 1 6 4 Nortll Palace 1 37 89 158 (290 examples) 209 Temple of Amiin 12 1424545979858892959698100 141 146 147 153 183 187
211 221 232 244 249 253 South Village 10 18222529303236 566770 77 78 79 8 8 89 9 9 101 105
105 110 112 113 125 133 137 139 145 154 157 160 162 164 166 176 185 200 202 217 218 219 237 239 252 258 Rubbish Mounds
T l ~ e photographs of Figures 2 and 3 inscribed jar fragments bear in addition sliolv specimens of most of the principal to a relatively fresh label the faded or (lasses of jar-labels and give some idea of partially erased remains of one or more the variety of individual handwritings earlier labels showing that the jars when found in these ins~r ip t ions ~~ empty n-ere often sent back for refilling Many of the
6 See also Cliron dfiu1919 Pig 9 (opp p 96) resealing and relabeling-though not wherein are illustrated fragmentary examples of Types 60 ( A ) 62 (D C F) 113 (E) and 165 ( B ) and necessarily to the same vineyards brew- Lansing o p c i i p 8 Fig 3 (Type 158) Cf Cirif- eries or stock-farms from rvhich they had flth I i i ~ r a t ~ cI a p y r ~ row8 K a h u n ar id Gurob Pls S S S V I I I X S X I S 11011er P a l a o y r a p h i r 11 P1 come originally Among the labels found I11 aud Col 3 ) d m a r n a Pls XIYII-SIYV C i tg IP1 side by side or one above the other on the L S I I I etc The labels illustrated in Pigs 2 and 3 are in several cases variants of those selected for transcrip- same pieces of pottery are Nos 1and 209 tion in Pigs 4-16 which though more complete and 9 and 33 10 and 138 (see Eig 2) 22 and more characteristic of their types are not always clear enough for good photographic reproduction 33 42 and 62 68 and 63 77 and 188 101
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
METROPOLITAN OF ~ R T~IUSEOM SEWYORK
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
UNEXCAVATCC
U N L X C A V A T E D
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J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
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J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
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FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
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In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
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N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
enaten was elevated to the throne as coregent in or about Year 28 of Amen- hotep 11114and transferred his residence to Tell el hmarna in or about Year 33 this means that the bulk of the dated in- scriptions from the palace at Thebes are cBontemporary with those found at Amar- na We can indeed establish a close cor- respondence in date year by year be- tween the two groups of inscriptions based on the equations Year 28 of A I I I = Year 1of A IT Year 33 of A I11= Year 6 of A IT Year 38 of A I11= ear 11 of A IT etc15 There is nothing either sur- prising or significant in the fact that very few of our dated inscriptions are earlier than Year 30 of Amenhotep I11 and none earlier than Year 8 On the contrary con- sidering the kind of inscriptions in ques- tion (temporary ink labels on pottery jars containing perishable commodities) it is remarkable that any have survived save those written during the last few years of the palace occupation That this occupation continued for some time after the death of Amenhotep I11 in Year 38 or early in Year 39 is indicated by the htenist erasures of the name of Aman from most of the hieroglyphic inscriptions throughout the palace-a step which probably would not have been taken dur- ing the lifetime of the old king-and by the presence in the palace ruins of ob-jects inscribed wit11 the cartouches of
1 4 He is assigned a coregency of eleven years by Pendlebury ( J E d XXII 198 see also Te l l el-d ~ n a r n a p 12) of more than nine years and proba- bly eleven or twelve years by Engelbach ( A n n Ser l XL 134-35 1371 and of scarcely less than a dozen years by Steindorff and Seele ( T h e n E g y p t Ru led t he E a s t p p 201 275)
I i Not an exact correspondence unless w-e assunie that Akhenaten was made coregent on the anniversary of his fathers accession According to Horchardt (l-littel z u r ze i t l ichen Festlewuno pp 83 87 121) there was a difference of three months and six days betw-een the cix-il calendar dates of the accession of Amenhotep 111 (2 iii) and that of Akhenaten (8 r i 1 )
Akhenaten Smenkhkarsc Tutcankhamnn CAnkhesenpaaten and Horemheb16
I THE JAR-LZBELS
The hundreds of hieratic labels written in black ink on the shoulders of the pottery jars in which supplies of wine ale meat fat honey oil and other commodi- ties were brought to the palace of hmen- hotep I11 have received little more than passing comment from the excavators and students of the site17 Inscriptions of this class however are well known from tombs temples and other palace and town sites of the Eighteenth and Nine- teenth dynasties and have been published in varying degrees of detail and from vari- ous points of view by Bruyampre18 Carterlg
Dawson121 E n g e l b a ~ h ~ ~ Fair-man23 Gardiner24 Griffith25 Hamza12 Hayes28 l l a ~ p e r o ~ ~ Nagel130
1s On the probable absence of any widespread per- secution of Aman during Amenhotep 111s lifetime see Engelbach A n n Sert SL144
1 See the references cited in nn 1 and 3 above and Hayes C h r o n dfig 1949 p 96 Pig 9
1 8 Fouil les I n s t f r Ca i re VI 11 12
1 9 T h e T o n t b o f T u t a n k h d n ~ e n 111 104 147-49 P1 L Photographs of the Tutcankhamiin wine-jars and labels taken by Harry Burton are on flle in the Metropolitan Museum (Negatives TAA 831 1023-32 1095 1180 1185-88 1190-95 1199 1200 1274)
2 0 I n Nagel lac eit (n 30) Professor b r n l has also made transcriptions of the jar-labels from the tomb of Tutcankhaman (see Engelbach o p c i t pp 163-64)
21 JE 4 9 133 22 A n n S e r t XL 163-64 2 3 I n Frankfort and Pendlebury T h e C i t y o f
Ikhenaten 11103-8 P1 LVIII
2 4 JEA V 195 198 244 257 259-60 593 XIX 128 O n o m a s t i c a 11 173f etc It ilbour P a p y r u s 11 110 and in Steindorff lac c i t (n 38)
i In Petrie Te l l el -4 Pnarna pp 32-34 Pls XXII- XXV
2 In Peet and TT70011ey T h e (it o r l khena ten I 164-68 Pls LXIII LXIX- and in Steindorff loc c i t (n 38)
2 I nn Se rc XXX 13-45 2 8 B u l l IffA January 1937 Sec 11 pp 30 37-
39 Ost raka ant1 S a r n e S tones f r o ~ n the Tornb o S e n - m Q t Nos 121-23 125-29
2 g In Davis and JIaspero T O I I ~o S i p h t a h pp x x ~ i xxvii
Docz~n len t s de Foz~ i l l v s Iws t r Ca i re X 15 18 22 50-51
Kewberry 31 Peet32 Q ~ i b e 1 1 ~ ~ Onomastics These xi11 be referred toSandman34
S~hiaparelli3~ S p e l e e r ~ ~ ~ S~ iege lbe rg ~~hereinafter simply as Amarna Czty I Steindorff38 JTiedemann3g and others The jars illustrated and described in a number of these publications are closely similar to those from Amenhotep 111s palace and good general discussions of the uses contents forms materials meth- ods of sealing stamping and labeling of such jars will be found in Bruyitres re- ports on his excavations at Deir el 1ledinchlq in Carters description of the wine jars found in the tomb of Tut ankh- ~imfin~l and in the third edition of Iiucasl Sncient Egyptian ifatcrials and Indl~stries~TTheworks ~i-llich we shall have occasion to cite most frequently in this series of articles are Petries Tell el Amarna Peet and JT70011eys The City of Akhennten Part I Frankfort and Pentlle- burys The City of dkhenaten Part 11 Spiegelbergs Hieratic 0st~aha zn the Iramesscum and his remarks on the Ramesseum and other jar-labels in Zeit- schrift fiir agyptlschc Sprache Volume LVIII and Gardiners Inczent Egyptian
City II Ramesseum ZAS LTIII and Gard 012
With the exception of six examples in Cairo43 and two in the Brooklyn Mu-seumh4 the jar-labels dealt wit11 here are in the Metropolitan lluseum of Art45 The table of Figure 16 gives the distribution of the labels by date and subject matter and contains in itself a good deal of informa- tion on the palace supplies and attivities during seventeen of Amenhotep 111s last thirty years on the throne Seedless to say the vast majority of the individual inscriptions are fragmentary and the 217 e~amples listed under in the n e ~ t to the last column of the table are so frag- mentary as not to be certainly identi- fiable The remaining 1183labels fall into 260 more or less distinct types hiero- glyphic transcriptions of which appear in Figures 4-16 Some of the types are repre- sented by one example only Aside from these the distribution of the labels by types is as follo~vs
E X ~ V P L E S TXPES 01 E L L H
816 1829303149 3237 586667 707380 106 107 110111 117 132 135 140 142 143 147 151 13-1 153 156 166 169 173 176 181 191 192 193 196 197 200 206 207 211 213 219 226 247 256 2
1 PSRI S S V 137-38 J TEA S I V 182
T o m b o f Ellna arlii T h u i i ~( C a t (111~ WLLS ( a i r ( Kos 51001-51191 1 p vi
I RiE1 d e r j TIII 1Xs83
L a T o n ~ b n dcll archilutto C h a 153-51 Fig 137
ei ~ Y JI n b r r g cle6 MZLSPYSRoia111 (i Rr~~rel e v Nos 185 187 188 206-31
3 I I l e ~ a t i c O s l ~ a k a a ~ i i i P a p y r i i n the R a f n t s - seuijr Pls X I S - S S S T I I I Nos 138-325 IS L T I I I 25-36 cf 51-52 in Petrie Six Tcn~pZc a1 Tiietii pp 21 20 Pls T S E X and in Qnibell l o r r i t
3 X l ~ i b a 11 151-52 PI (
Xis SSI 33--35
4 See especially the report for 1934-3i (Foui l lr s I n t fr Cnire Vol S V I ) pp 342-48
4 1 See 11 19 above
4 See especially pp 23-33
4 7 ill of Type 83 There appears to be no publica- tion of other jar-labels from the palace ill Cairo al-
though Daressy mer~tior~s having found a number in 1888 ( A n n S e w I V 169-70) a r ~ d sorrie from the lIetropolitan l l u s e ~ ~ m s wereexcavations of 1910-20 retained by the Cairo l luseum in the yearly divisions of finds A quantity of jar-sealings and other objects apparer~tlyfrom Daressys work in the palace are pub- lished by Quibell Archa ic Objects ( C a t g6n Mu C n l r e Sos 11001-12000 14001-14754) 5 0 s 11424-11493 pp 90-102 Pls X V I - S V I I I
ampOne example of Type 16 and one example of Type 73 (Accession KO 4866) Both arefrom Tytns excavations in the Palace of the King and are ap- parently the two ostraka mentioned by him on p 10 of his P r e l i m i n a r o Report (see n 3 above) I am grateful to Mr (ooney for permission to include these t-o ir~teresting labels in the present corpus
4 3 I e 1392 examples Only sixteen of these (of Types 24 48 59 80 96 130 138 143 158 184 206 207 211 219 and 239 see Pigs 2 3) have been accessior~ed (Sos 17102-16 18) but all have been copied sorted and arranged in Aling cabinets where they are readily availablr~ to st~~tlerits
EXIJIPIES TYPES O F EACH
9 17 21 23 32 33 34 36 37 40 41 60 79 84 88 104 112 115 129 134 162 165 170 190 218 227 252 3
6 10 14 45 63 76 78 105 109 127 153 159 161 1 8 8 4
15 62 71 93 121 133221 5 20 39 48 59 74 131 136 145 239 6- 7 54 55 56 77 94 96 99 108 130 163 164 8-15 85 89 91 92 95 100 103 160 19-38
Type 101 S5 examl~les Type 158 296 examples
The inscribed jar fragments were found 011s types of labels are frequently of some in the midst of tllousands of uninscribed significance to our knov-ledge of the his- pieces of the same jars in the ruined tory of the palace and its occupants it magazines attached to the various palace seems desirable to list the types once buildings in the much disturbed rubbish more--this time according to the parts of mounds adjacent to these buildings and the palace complex in ~ ~ h i c h werethey in the houses of the workmens villages found (refer to Fig 1 ) Since the exact provenances of the vari-
T Y P E R P R ~ V E X A S C E
7 10 13 16 17 26 39 49 55 60 64 71 73 77 78 84 85 87 88 89 119 124 150 153 189 195 197 219 221 227 259 Palace of the King
89 Ho1 IT 4 6 23 34 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 59 60 62 63 65 66
69 72 80 85 86 101 127 147 158 164 178 182 225 228 240 Middle Palace 38 57 89 143 151 203 206 207 208 212 213 214 251 Ho3i1 40 54 55 75 77 85 91 96 101 148 164 176 180 190 201 218 West Villa B 9 11 34 56 59 85 91 92 99 130 131 132 134 158 163 1 6 4 Nortll Palace 1 37 89 158 (290 examples) 209 Temple of Amiin 12 1424545979858892959698100 141 146 147 153 183 187
211 221 232 244 249 253 South Village 10 18222529303236 566770 77 78 79 8 8 89 9 9 101 105
105 110 112 113 125 133 137 139 145 154 157 160 162 164 166 176 185 200 202 217 218 219 237 239 252 258 Rubbish Mounds
T l ~ e photographs of Figures 2 and 3 inscribed jar fragments bear in addition sliolv specimens of most of the principal to a relatively fresh label the faded or (lasses of jar-labels and give some idea of partially erased remains of one or more the variety of individual handwritings earlier labels showing that the jars when found in these ins~r ip t ions ~~ empty n-ere often sent back for refilling Many of the
6 See also Cliron dfiu1919 Pig 9 (opp p 96) resealing and relabeling-though not wherein are illustrated fragmentary examples of Types 60 ( A ) 62 (D C F) 113 (E) and 165 ( B ) and necessarily to the same vineyards brew- Lansing o p c i i p 8 Fig 3 (Type 158) Cf Cirif- eries or stock-farms from rvhich they had flth I i i ~ r a t ~ cI a p y r ~ row8 K a h u n ar id Gurob Pls S S S V I I I X S X I S 11011er P a l a o y r a p h i r 11 P1 come originally Among the labels found I11 aud Col 3 ) d m a r n a Pls XIYII-SIYV C i tg IP1 side by side or one above the other on the L S I I I etc The labels illustrated in Pigs 2 and 3 are in several cases variants of those selected for transcrip- same pieces of pottery are Nos 1and 209 tion in Pigs 4-16 which though more complete and 9 and 33 10 and 138 (see Eig 2) 22 and more characteristic of their types are not always clear enough for good photographic reproduction 33 42 and 62 68 and 63 77 and 188 101
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
METROPOLITAN OF ~ R T~IUSEOM SEWYORK
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
UNEXCAVATCC
U N L X C A V A T E D
FIG I
Ye- fe 1 7
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RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
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J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
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n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
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amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
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OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
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~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
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1 1 1 1 nnn 134
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J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
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BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
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B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
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J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
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N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
Kewberry 31 Peet32 Q ~ i b e 1 1 ~ ~ Onomastics These xi11 be referred toSandman34
S~hiaparelli3~ S p e l e e r ~ ~ ~ S~ iege lbe rg ~~hereinafter simply as Amarna Czty I Steindorff38 JTiedemann3g and others The jars illustrated and described in a number of these publications are closely similar to those from Amenhotep 111s palace and good general discussions of the uses contents forms materials meth- ods of sealing stamping and labeling of such jars will be found in Bruyitres re- ports on his excavations at Deir el 1ledinchlq in Carters description of the wine jars found in the tomb of Tut ankh- ~imfin~l and in the third edition of Iiucasl Sncient Egyptian ifatcrials and Indl~stries~TTheworks ~i-llich we shall have occasion to cite most frequently in this series of articles are Petries Tell el Amarna Peet and JT70011eys The City of Akhennten Part I Frankfort and Pentlle- burys The City of dkhenaten Part 11 Spiegelbergs Hieratic 0st~aha zn the Iramesscum and his remarks on the Ramesseum and other jar-labels in Zeit- schrift fiir agyptlschc Sprache Volume LVIII and Gardiners Inczent Egyptian
City II Ramesseum ZAS LTIII and Gard 012
With the exception of six examples in Cairo43 and two in the Brooklyn Mu-seumh4 the jar-labels dealt wit11 here are in the Metropolitan lluseum of Art45 The table of Figure 16 gives the distribution of the labels by date and subject matter and contains in itself a good deal of informa- tion on the palace supplies and attivities during seventeen of Amenhotep 111s last thirty years on the throne Seedless to say the vast majority of the individual inscriptions are fragmentary and the 217 e~amples listed under in the n e ~ t to the last column of the table are so frag- mentary as not to be certainly identi- fiable The remaining 1183labels fall into 260 more or less distinct types hiero- glyphic transcriptions of which appear in Figures 4-16 Some of the types are repre- sented by one example only Aside from these the distribution of the labels by types is as follo~vs
E X ~ V P L E S TXPES 01 E L L H
816 1829303149 3237 586667 707380 106 107 110111 117 132 135 140 142 143 147 151 13-1 153 156 166 169 173 176 181 191 192 193 196 197 200 206 207 211 213 219 226 247 256 2
1 PSRI S S V 137-38 J TEA S I V 182
T o m b o f Ellna arlii T h u i i ~( C a t (111~ WLLS ( a i r ( Kos 51001-51191 1 p vi
I RiE1 d e r j TIII 1Xs83
L a T o n ~ b n dcll archilutto C h a 153-51 Fig 137
ei ~ Y JI n b r r g cle6 MZLSPYSRoia111 (i Rr~~rel e v Nos 185 187 188 206-31
3 I I l e ~ a t i c O s l ~ a k a a ~ i i i P a p y r i i n the R a f n t s - seuijr Pls X I S - S S S T I I I Nos 138-325 IS L T I I I 25-36 cf 51-52 in Petrie Six Tcn~pZc a1 Tiietii pp 21 20 Pls T S E X and in Qnibell l o r r i t
3 X l ~ i b a 11 151-52 PI (
Xis SSI 33--35
4 See especially the report for 1934-3i (Foui l lr s I n t fr Cnire Vol S V I ) pp 342-48
4 1 See 11 19 above
4 See especially pp 23-33
4 7 ill of Type 83 There appears to be no publica- tion of other jar-labels from the palace ill Cairo al-
though Daressy mer~tior~s having found a number in 1888 ( A n n S e w I V 169-70) a r ~ d sorrie from the lIetropolitan l l u s e ~ ~ m s wereexcavations of 1910-20 retained by the Cairo l luseum in the yearly divisions of finds A quantity of jar-sealings and other objects apparer~tlyfrom Daressys work in the palace are pub- lished by Quibell Archa ic Objects ( C a t g6n Mu C n l r e Sos 11001-12000 14001-14754) 5 0 s 11424-11493 pp 90-102 Pls X V I - S V I I I
ampOne example of Type 16 and one example of Type 73 (Accession KO 4866) Both arefrom Tytns excavations in the Palace of the King and are ap- parently the two ostraka mentioned by him on p 10 of his P r e l i m i n a r o Report (see n 3 above) I am grateful to Mr (ooney for permission to include these t-o ir~teresting labels in the present corpus
4 3 I e 1392 examples Only sixteen of these (of Types 24 48 59 80 96 130 138 143 158 184 206 207 211 219 and 239 see Pigs 2 3) have been accessior~ed (Sos 17102-16 18) but all have been copied sorted and arranged in Aling cabinets where they are readily availablr~ to st~~tlerits
EXIJIPIES TYPES O F EACH
9 17 21 23 32 33 34 36 37 40 41 60 79 84 88 104 112 115 129 134 162 165 170 190 218 227 252 3
6 10 14 45 63 76 78 105 109 127 153 159 161 1 8 8 4
15 62 71 93 121 133221 5 20 39 48 59 74 131 136 145 239 6- 7 54 55 56 77 94 96 99 108 130 163 164 8-15 85 89 91 92 95 100 103 160 19-38
Type 101 S5 examl~les Type 158 296 examples
The inscribed jar fragments were found 011s types of labels are frequently of some in the midst of tllousands of uninscribed significance to our knov-ledge of the his- pieces of the same jars in the ruined tory of the palace and its occupants it magazines attached to the various palace seems desirable to list the types once buildings in the much disturbed rubbish more--this time according to the parts of mounds adjacent to these buildings and the palace complex in ~ ~ h i c h werethey in the houses of the workmens villages found (refer to Fig 1 ) Since the exact provenances of the vari-
T Y P E R P R ~ V E X A S C E
7 10 13 16 17 26 39 49 55 60 64 71 73 77 78 84 85 87 88 89 119 124 150 153 189 195 197 219 221 227 259 Palace of the King
89 Ho1 IT 4 6 23 34 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 59 60 62 63 65 66
69 72 80 85 86 101 127 147 158 164 178 182 225 228 240 Middle Palace 38 57 89 143 151 203 206 207 208 212 213 214 251 Ho3i1 40 54 55 75 77 85 91 96 101 148 164 176 180 190 201 218 West Villa B 9 11 34 56 59 85 91 92 99 130 131 132 134 158 163 1 6 4 Nortll Palace 1 37 89 158 (290 examples) 209 Temple of Amiin 12 1424545979858892959698100 141 146 147 153 183 187
211 221 232 244 249 253 South Village 10 18222529303236 566770 77 78 79 8 8 89 9 9 101 105
105 110 112 113 125 133 137 139 145 154 157 160 162 164 166 176 185 200 202 217 218 219 237 239 252 258 Rubbish Mounds
T l ~ e photographs of Figures 2 and 3 inscribed jar fragments bear in addition sliolv specimens of most of the principal to a relatively fresh label the faded or (lasses of jar-labels and give some idea of partially erased remains of one or more the variety of individual handwritings earlier labels showing that the jars when found in these ins~r ip t ions ~~ empty n-ere often sent back for refilling Many of the
6 See also Cliron dfiu1919 Pig 9 (opp p 96) resealing and relabeling-though not wherein are illustrated fragmentary examples of Types 60 ( A ) 62 (D C F) 113 (E) and 165 ( B ) and necessarily to the same vineyards brew- Lansing o p c i i p 8 Fig 3 (Type 158) Cf Cirif- eries or stock-farms from rvhich they had flth I i i ~ r a t ~ cI a p y r ~ row8 K a h u n ar id Gurob Pls S S S V I I I X S X I S 11011er P a l a o y r a p h i r 11 P1 come originally Among the labels found I11 aud Col 3 ) d m a r n a Pls XIYII-SIYV C i tg IP1 side by side or one above the other on the L S I I I etc The labels illustrated in Pigs 2 and 3 are in several cases variants of those selected for transcrip- same pieces of pottery are Nos 1and 209 tion in Pigs 4-16 which though more complete and 9 and 33 10 and 138 (see Eig 2) 22 and more characteristic of their types are not always clear enough for good photographic reproduction 33 42 and 62 68 and 63 77 and 188 101
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
METROPOLITAN OF ~ R T~IUSEOM SEWYORK
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
UNEXCAVATCC
U N L X C A V A T E D
FIG I
Ye- fe 1 7
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 9 - 3 1W N E
RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
1 1 1 n - InoI 5 an+EPKflAu1=1amp
B e amp-a FP PBn R 31 1 1 1 2
g s ~ amp g i i - ~ o K 6
u amp y -6 -xm$l~~33a
amp $I 2ZA4 i+gOA
l l l - ) f i
i n o 8 - -dbnPPR~-PiYPii~l~04 -4Y-TI d ~P7ARu- -
aTPnK112 [ Z W ] A ~ A Y - ~ T P I Z ~ aEnMd u- CK4kZI OW
Y EbCPiihfKriZl~ ZTPntZ9 13 4-)ind n$3 a - -oP n n a l l o o
4 TP p n 9 amp ~ ~ ~ ~ --=38f g-
2 16 8 P r l h [ ~ ~ ~ ) ~ amp1 1
0L ~ A Y - 9 7p 14 hY-fdlamp -7
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
EXIJIPIES TYPES O F EACH
9 17 21 23 32 33 34 36 37 40 41 60 79 84 88 104 112 115 129 134 162 165 170 190 218 227 252 3
6 10 14 45 63 76 78 105 109 127 153 159 161 1 8 8 4
15 62 71 93 121 133221 5 20 39 48 59 74 131 136 145 239 6- 7 54 55 56 77 94 96 99 108 130 163 164 8-15 85 89 91 92 95 100 103 160 19-38
Type 101 S5 examl~les Type 158 296 examples
The inscribed jar fragments were found 011s types of labels are frequently of some in the midst of tllousands of uninscribed significance to our knov-ledge of the his- pieces of the same jars in the ruined tory of the palace and its occupants it magazines attached to the various palace seems desirable to list the types once buildings in the much disturbed rubbish more--this time according to the parts of mounds adjacent to these buildings and the palace complex in ~ ~ h i c h werethey in the houses of the workmens villages found (refer to Fig 1 ) Since the exact provenances of the vari-
T Y P E R P R ~ V E X A S C E
7 10 13 16 17 26 39 49 55 60 64 71 73 77 78 84 85 87 88 89 119 124 150 153 189 195 197 219 221 227 259 Palace of the King
89 Ho1 IT 4 6 23 34 42 44 45 46 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 56 59 60 62 63 65 66
69 72 80 85 86 101 127 147 158 164 178 182 225 228 240 Middle Palace 38 57 89 143 151 203 206 207 208 212 213 214 251 Ho3i1 40 54 55 75 77 85 91 96 101 148 164 176 180 190 201 218 West Villa B 9 11 34 56 59 85 91 92 99 130 131 132 134 158 163 1 6 4 Nortll Palace 1 37 89 158 (290 examples) 209 Temple of Amiin 12 1424545979858892959698100 141 146 147 153 183 187
211 221 232 244 249 253 South Village 10 18222529303236 566770 77 78 79 8 8 89 9 9 101 105
105 110 112 113 125 133 137 139 145 154 157 160 162 164 166 176 185 200 202 217 218 219 237 239 252 258 Rubbish Mounds
T l ~ e photographs of Figures 2 and 3 inscribed jar fragments bear in addition sliolv specimens of most of the principal to a relatively fresh label the faded or (lasses of jar-labels and give some idea of partially erased remains of one or more the variety of individual handwritings earlier labels showing that the jars when found in these ins~r ip t ions ~~ empty n-ere often sent back for refilling Many of the
6 See also Cliron dfiu1919 Pig 9 (opp p 96) resealing and relabeling-though not wherein are illustrated fragmentary examples of Types 60 ( A ) 62 (D C F) 113 (E) and 165 ( B ) and necessarily to the same vineyards brew- Lansing o p c i i p 8 Fig 3 (Type 158) Cf Cirif- eries or stock-farms from rvhich they had flth I i i ~ r a t ~ cI a p y r ~ row8 K a h u n ar id Gurob Pls S S S V I I I X S X I S 11011er P a l a o y r a p h i r 11 P1 come originally Among the labels found I11 aud Col 3 ) d m a r n a Pls XIYII-SIYV C i tg IP1 side by side or one above the other on the L S I I I etc The labels illustrated in Pigs 2 and 3 are in several cases variants of those selected for transcrip- same pieces of pottery are Nos 1and 209 tion in Pigs 4-16 which though more complete and 9 and 33 10 and 138 (see Eig 2) 22 and more characteristic of their types are not always clear enough for good photographic reproduction 33 42 and 62 68 and 63 77 and 188 101
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
METROPOLITAN OF ~ R T~IUSEOM SEWYORK
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
UNEXCAVATCC
U N L X C A V A T E D
FIG I
Ye- fe 1 7
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 9 - 3 1W N E
RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
1 1 1 n - InoI 5 an+EPKflAu1=1amp
B e amp-a FP PBn R 31 1 1 1 2
g s ~ amp g i i - ~ o K 6
u amp y -6 -xm$l~~33a
amp $I 2ZA4 i+gOA
l l l - ) f i
i n o 8 - -dbnPPR~-PiYPii~l~04 -4Y-TI d ~P7ARu- -
aTPnK112 [ Z W ] A ~ A Y - ~ T P I Z ~ aEnMd u- CK4kZI OW
Y EbCPiihfKriZl~ ZTPntZ9 13 4-)ind n$3 a - -oP n n a l l o o
4 TP p n 9 amp ~ ~ ~ ~ --=38f g-
2 16 8 P r l h [ ~ ~ ~ ) ~ amp1 1
0L ~ A Y - 9 7p 14 hY-fdlamp -7
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
and 108 110 and 112 and 96 1137 168 and 169 Since two or more parallels exist for almost every phrase found in the labels the reading of individual hieratic signs or groups is rarely open to question and it was felt that facsimile copies or photographs of all save a few of the in- scriptions could be dispensed with A paleographic study of this large corpus of welldated hieratic texts would undoubt- edly repay the effort involved For the time being however we are concerned chiefly with the contents of the inscrip- tions and in the second article of this series we will consider briefly the sig-
nificance of their dates the references to the Sed-festivals and other feasts for which the contents of the jars were pre- pared the nature of the products listed the names and locations of the royal estates and other sources of wipply and above all the names and titles of the many persons both royal and private hose activities during the reign of Amenhotep I11 are reflected in these inscriptions
[Tobe continued]
METROPOLITAN OF ~ R T~IUSEOM SEWYORK
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
UNEXCAVATCC
U N L X C A V A T E D
FIG I
Ye- fe 1 7
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 9 - 3 1W N E
RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
1 1 1 n - InoI 5 an+EPKflAu1=1amp
B e amp-a FP PBn R 31 1 1 1 2
g s ~ amp g i i - ~ o K 6
u amp y -6 -xm$l~~33a
amp $I 2ZA4 i+gOA
l l l - ) f i
i n o 8 - -dbnPPR~-PiYPii~l~04 -4Y-TI d ~P7ARu- -
aTPnK112 [ Z W ] A ~ A Y - ~ T P I Z ~ aEnMd u- CK4kZI OW
Y EbCPiihfKriZl~ ZTPntZ9 13 4-)ind n$3 a - -oP n n a l l o o
4 TP p n 9 amp ~ ~ ~ ~ --=38f g-
2 16 8 P r l h [ ~ ~ ~ ) ~ amp1 1
0L ~ A Y - 9 7p 14 hY-fdlamp -7
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
PALACE OF AMENHOTEP II I IN WESTERN THEBES
LOCAL NORTH
UNEXCAVATCC
U N L X C A V A T E D
FIG I
Ye- fe 1 7
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 9 - 3 1W N E
RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
1 1 1 n - InoI 5 an+EPKflAu1=1amp
B e amp-a FP PBn R 31 1 1 1 2
g s ~ amp g i i - ~ o K 6
u amp y -6 -xm$l~~33a
amp $I 2ZA4 i+gOA
l l l - ) f i
i n o 8 - -dbnPPR~-PiYPii~l~04 -4Y-TI d ~P7ARu- -
aTPnK112 [ Z W ] A ~ A Y - ~ T P I Z ~ aEnMd u- CK4kZI OW
Y EbCPiihfKriZl~ ZTPntZ9 13 4-)ind n$3 a - -oP n n a l l o o
4 TP p n 9 amp ~ ~ ~ ~ --=38f g-
2 16 8 P r l h [ ~ ~ ~ ) ~ amp1 1
0L ~ A Y - 9 7p 14 hY-fdlamp -7
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
Ye- fe 1 7
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 9 - 3 1W N E
RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
1 1 1 n - InoI 5 an+EPKflAu1=1amp
B e amp-a FP PBn R 31 1 1 1 2
g s ~ amp g i i - ~ o K 6
u amp y -6 -xm$l~~33a
amp $I 2ZA4 i+gOA
l l l - ) f i
i n o 8 - -dbnPPR~-PiYPii~l~04 -4Y-TI d ~P7ARu- -
aTPnK112 [ Z W ] A ~ A Y - ~ T P I Z ~ aEnMd u- CK4kZI OW
Y EbCPiihfKriZl~ ZTPntZ9 13 4-)ind n$3 a - -oP n n a l l o o
4 TP p n 9 amp ~ ~ ~ ~ --=38f g-
2 16 8 P r l h [ ~ ~ ~ ) ~ amp1 1
0L ~ A Y - 9 7p 14 hY-fdlamp -7
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 9 - 3 1W N E
RYA~K~~~~I~BTPIII~1
1 1 1 n - InoI 5 an+EPKflAu1=1amp
B e amp-a FP PBn R 31 1 1 1 2
g s ~ amp g i i - ~ o K 6
u amp y -6 -xm$l~~33a
amp $I 2ZA4 i+gOA
l l l - ) f i
i n o 8 - -dbnPPR~-PiYPii~l~04 -4Y-TI d ~P7ARu- -
aTPnK112 [ Z W ] A ~ A Y - ~ T P I Z ~ aEnMd u- CK4kZI OW
Y EbCPiihfKriZl~ ZTPntZ9 13 4-)ind n$3 a - -oP n n a l l o o
4 TP p n 9 amp ~ ~ ~ ~ --=38f g-
2 16 8 P r l h [ ~ ~ ~ ) ~ amp1 1
0L ~ A Y - 9 7p 14 hY-fdlamp -7
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W I NE YEARS 31-35
pi opII~-~ 2 In a 20
~ r r r ( -- n1(+ap 4 =-LP-T I p I 22 LKq 3
n n n6 n o) 26 I $ 3 2 3
r lPY n4ADZ ESYampRUAYTLTP n~ T ~ I I 1 27 9n8-6 6 pa 1 1 t)24
ampMI I 2 5
m 6m~R0~7~~~-ZA6 + 111ampPP 0
amp 8 PITP I I ~28 IPPZamp~ yo4 p lilln$ 130- mai1 1 1 - - I l 8 - pu nnn 0)29
gBYK4 3 i l l nnD I ol 40ampY7QAFk
y n n namp 3 2 I [ ~ ~ ) l n31
a) I n -8 O p lilin
L i d amp - w e wfll-C~P-o x H 1 o LlRX I l l An 36 9$P-ba yfji i nnnn o) 33-
OWM1 9TP $GZP~EPP~ARU-w e wiBfC B-xeii ~ L ~ - W R I L Y P ~ I I ~ $ ~ ~ ~34
rllYGamphlt~ - ~ P Z A B ~ ~ J R amp O PZ 1 1 1 1 n -) 37
+AA n sampamp Wamp AT ) 111g35
6 - piZnkP- 0 ZP~EL~P~~~ampEampampIamp [ ~ P ~ P P Z ) P E I ~ amp - - ~ Pt=ayo
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34-37W l NE
l l l n n aaPAzlTP~~o 4 1 amp L[T]P $ 39n 1 1 1 1
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
I J A R - L A B E L S WINE YEARS 37 38 A N D UNDATED
FIG 7
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
1
J A R - LABELS U N D A T E DW l N E
In 84 r^rr
Y E A R S 2 9 L 30A L E
--lLlBK- -7BhZb4Znn1 g20 - Z 4 9 r l r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ampzuge+~OQ iOlfiiEb6-991L-i4Zn$P793
rlBP-Cl 0 ~liL9cdY-[Pt f )~n-s[k-bR+ d a o 94- ( I
- 0 6In-s~aa xfllkdYCPPd B P 6 h d n P I E -NLZPlO95a-Pin- nr---4
E79LJRXPPZR46PKamplt 3 1 bPK a -PI ~4-$I 97 71 -ZampS~1 ~ 7 ~
w-blLAYiE13 ~PPZWFZ6fKaQYP)ampZ4 6KbPO61QI 98 l(+gp1g~[qkz) 99
6Bge8amp-1 S$ B-QZZIL~RK- d l a --LT_-at~1rngm-~~48 42 --loo
w e w087-+18 -9s a x-ri aLkAY ~N~IZP+-BBLB 1 0 1
FIG 8
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 26 30-33 L U N D A T E DA L E
I l l n 3 llo = - r i ~ f t d ~ - - 7 ~ e zilazl o 6 -a fl
amptgaL2
1 d I I I 108[- 11 rpe] a - I l l ggzl l8 amp- $PO) rl P Y ~ namp-_tn316CfP1G[+]PI) In-4 113 5 7igb$e211n$z) 109
he K L - l cPP~BOl-dampBP
6PKaS ziln~3waeI 4a o- 1 2 d l I
B E E R () UNDATED
~ Q A Z B A Y - ~ ~ ~ - I ~ L E ~ ~l18
iBC P lil
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
- - - -
J A R - L A B E L S Y E A R S 34- 38 1 U N D A T E DFAT
1 1 1 1 nnn 134
aPPZ14Zf 4Clm - m ~ ~ R
--- - l I Innn - i ~ 1 1 ~ $ g l 1 1 3 7 = 3o 1 1 1 1 n 01 138- -37 5
-IIIInn -1 140 - I I j n n a 1 1 e 1 1 1 n o 8- 1 1 n 01 139
B
v- IiIlnn4 - 1 1 1 n 01 141 IXhWf Z a a
i m ~ ~ G f w e w - ---111nn
1 Im -o LK I i R Y ZIT-~ Q Z I I l I n 01142 a
n 911a 1 1 1 1 n n ~
g- 1 1 1 1 n 01 144 143A -1llInna BqA~~9 f i ~ ) -9Z 1~F1g
dFZPPC 7-k~PPampzPPbFPilB9+1 n
n o 146 145
147
47- 13 g n z w - -amp-78 e=A2151
152
FIG I I
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R L A B E L S Y E A R S 30-37 a U N D A T E Did E A T n n - -f l
0 c pn[g]] 155I l l d
we- -rlLKABR Y -- 9P1111n$ a 6 ~ 9 1
ampXPLkltlZZEt4=E-n7erlampEb
FIG 12
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L 5 F O W L Y E A R S 30-36 U N D A T E D
W E n n P4 71 [m ii]LlRY - A n 0 l 70
- d 76 175 I I I n nampIhE-- B I ) mI n 0 7 174 g 3 4 3 g gampampA(E-L -
BEN O I L Y E A R S 30-37 b U N D A T E D
$l-$-aRampgn$ 183e5
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L S VARIOUS O I L S Y E A R S 8 30 34b UNDATED
- - - I I I I P9 8 i ~ a n 0)97
-SIC
B~-CI I l l h I I a~ I I I 199
M I L K U N D A T E D
H O N E Y Y E A R 3 4 L UNDATED
1 NCENSE Y E A R S 30 35 L
nn - UNDATED
FIG 14
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L S FRU 1 T S A N D CE REAL5 32 ~ ~ ~ U N D A T E GY E A R S
n
VARIOUS U N D A T E D
In 225 224- C F I ~ Z [ $ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ~l o 223n
MEASURES Y E A R a s AND U N D A T E D
d l n n n - I ~ I If l 0a 1232 I
n I a
234 n n b 7 a GI 2331 - 5
t t a n N A M E S A N D T I T L E S Y E A R ~ ~ A N D ~ N D A T E D
F I G 15
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
J A R - L A B E L S U N D A T E D- N A M E S A N D T I T L E S
rr 6 P ZN B 243 -7 a--A 2 4 2244 amp)z70 ---
-ampr2PampzP24 g 9 4 ~ N 2 4 6 Q 1 1 amp $ amp 2 4 5
ampKOP 223 1SP 2 5 0 amp P P ~ f Y 2 4 9 amppi t g f 7 f 4 248
ampamp$y9 2 5 3 o 2 5 2 +ypl i amp 251
ampamp +--
3 256 c1 mg255 PPdJ- 254
m u 7
2 5 8 257K L B Z B I I ~ ~ ampbaPLPPa_ ampamp7amp[4 20 259rvvl
N U M E R I C A L D I S T R I B U T I O N OF J A R - L A B E L S
I N C L U D I N G 5 E X A M P L E S DATED T 0 Y E A R I (OF A K H E N A T E N 1)
FIG 16
