Initiative and technology strategies for global water ...Feb 13, 2015 · Initiative and technology strategies for global water infrastructure business Global Water Recycling and

February 13, 2015

Initiative and technology strategies for

global water infrastructure business

Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, General Incorporated Association, Japan

(GWRA)

[Executive Technology Advisor, Infrastructure Systems Company, Hitachi Ltd.]

President Shinjiro Ueda

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All Rights Reserved Copyright © 2015, GWRA

Table of Contents

1. Global Water Market and related Challenges

2. Large-scale technological development scheme

for global expansion of water business

3. Technological strategies expected in the future and

case studies

4. Expectations to NEDO

1

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1-1． Movement Towards a Global Water Market

Council on Economic Cooperation and Infrastructure Strategies

March 13, 2013 First Conference

Chairman, Chief Cabinet Secretary, Members, Deputy Prime

Minister and Cabinet Ministers ●Formulation of “Infrastructure System Export Strategy” May 17, 2013 → Revised June 3, 2014

● Announcement of specific measures (five-pronged)

“Promoting public-

private partnerships

for enhancing global

competitiveness of

private enterprises”

(Source: From the website of the Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet) 2

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1-2. Global Water Business Market 1

From the final report of the Study Group for International Development of the Water Business set up in April 2010 by The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

3

Business domain

Services domain

Supply of Raw materials /

components, Consulting

Construction, Design

Management /

Operation Services Total

Clean water 19.0 trillion yen

(6.6 trillion yen)

19.8 trillion yen

(10.6 trillion yen)

38.8 trillion yen

(17.2 trillion yen)

Seawater desalination 1.0 trillion yen

(0.5 trillion yen)

3.4 trillion yen

(0.7 trillion yen)

4.4 trillion yen

(1.2 trillion yen)

Water for industrial use /

Industrial effluent

5.3 trillion yen

(2.2 trillion yen)

0.4 trillion yen

(0.2 trillion yen)

5.7 trillion yen

(2.4 trillion yen)

Recycled water 2.1 trillion yen

(0.1 trillion yen) -

2.1 trillion yen

(0.1 trillion yen)

Sewage water 21.1 trillion yen

(7.5 trillion yen)

14.4 trillion yen

(7.8 trillion yen)

35.5 trillion yen

(15.3 trillion yen)

Total 48.5 trillion yen

(16.9 trillion yen)

38.0 trillion yen

(19.3 trillion yen)

86.5 trillion yen

(36.2 trillion yen)

(Upper level: 2025… Total 87 trillion yen, Lower level: 2007… Total 36 trillion yen)

: Volume zone (Market growth: two times or more, market size 10 trillion yen or more) : Growth zone (Market growth: three times or more) (Source: Global Water Market 2008 and Preliminary calculation by The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, (Note) Conversion 1 Dollar = 100 Yen

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1-3. Business Domains and Challenges in the Water Business

Mitsubishi Corp. + Innovation Network Corporation of Japan ...Purchase of United Utilities Australia

Mitsui & Co., Ltd. … Investment in AtraTech, Mexico, sewage projects

Marubeni Corporation …Investment in Aguas Nuevas, Chile, South America

Mitsubishi Corp. + Mitsubishi Heavy Industries … Investment in Metito Ltd., Dubai in the Middle East

Hitachi Ltd…. Five-year O&M at Basra desalination plant, Iraq

Kitakyushu + Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co., Ltd. …Water treatment facility at Haiphong, Vietnam

Bureau of Sewerage Tokyo Metropolitan Government + Sumitomo Corporation… construction of sewage lines in Malaysia

Components &

Equipment Manufacturing

Design & Construction Maintenance &

Business Operation

Veolia, Suez (France) and GEWater (US)

Ove

rse

as

Manufacturers Engineering &

Plant engineering & construction companies Business

Companies

Dom

estic

Local governments

Latest activities of the Japanese companies

Planning &

Programming

Consulting

firms

◆Business participation through investment

◆EPC + Business participation

4

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1-4. Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association

1) Work with industry, government, and academia in Japan and overseas to collect

information and propose policies

2) Establish projects and formulate , implement plans for overseas business operations

Purpose

Capital Overall

Plan

EPC

Equipment

material

Association of cross-industrial private enterprises

Contract

management

Management

administration

Related ministries, local governments,

universities, research laboratories,

and civilian organizations, etc.

Cooperation with the industry,

government and academia

General

Contractor

Business companies

Banks

Insurers

F/S survey (Vietnam) 34 companies (As of January 2015)

5

2008: Limited liability partnership

2012: General incorporated association 【Year of

establishment】

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2-1. Large Technological Development Project

for Global Expansion of Water Business

■ Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry - New Energy & Industrial Technology Development

Organization (NEDO)

“Water Saving and Environmentally-friendly Water Recycling Project”: 2009 – 2013

"Reclaimed Water Usage Model Works", "Water Plaza Business“

■ Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology / Cabinet－Japan Society for the

Promotion of Science (JSPS)－NEDO

Funding Program for World Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (FIRST)

"Mega-ton Water System": 2009- 2013

■ Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology－Japan Science and Technology

Agency (JST)

Strategic Basic Research Programs (CREST)

Innovative Technology and System for Sustainable Water Use: 2009-

■ Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology - JST / Japan International Co-

operation Agency (JICA)

Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS): 2008-

■ Ministry of the Environment

Asia Water Environment Improvement Model Works: 2011-

6

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2-2. Reclaimed Water Usage Model Works

Agricultural water, construction water

MBR

Water for industrial use For concrete; mixing water, for cooling the block producing machine; cleaning equipment, air-conditioning for water reservoirs

High level reclaimed water

Mid level reclaimed water

RO

Sewage

Sludge

Concentrated

water

Treated

water Reclaimed

water Domestic waste

water

Source of water pollution

Abu Dhabi

Dubai

Ras Al Khaimah

Fujairah

Sharjah

Ajman

Umm Al - Quwain

Overall view of United Arab Emirates

Overview of the model works at Ras al-Khaimah

MBR:（Membrane Bio – Reactor）

RO:（Reverse Osmosis)

Al Ghail Industrial Park

MBR Unit

500m3×4 lines

RO Unit

500m3×3 lines

7

Pilot Project Site

Future development: Reclaimed water usage businesses to be developed centering on the Middle East such as UAE, Saudi Arabia, etc.

Outsourcing：NEDO

Implementation：GWSTA (Global Water Recycling and Reuse Solution Technology Research Association)

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MBR

UF Seawater

RO

Sewage

RO

Sewage RO

concentrated water

Seawater dilution

Kyushu

Electric

Power Co.,

Inc.

Concentrated water

Power reduction

Same level of salinity as seawater

Boiler water

500m3/d

Reclaimed water

1400m3/d

Reduction in quantity of

pre-processing water Low cost

Energy

saving

Reduction in load on the

ecosystem

1500m3/d

2-3. Water Plaza Business

(Integrated seawater desalination and sewage reuse system)

Water Plaza Kitakyushu

By diluting seawater with the help of sewage RO concentrated water, the seawater desalination system is enhanced to make

it (1) energy saving (power cost reduced by approx. 40%), and (2) environment friendly.

UF: Ultra Filtration

8 Future development: PR activities are underway in South Africa, China and India

Outsourcing:

NEDO

Implementation:

GWSTA

Sewage

Seawater

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2-4. Mega-ton Water System

(Source: Mega-ton Project Data)

9

Future development: Plan to initiate a pilot project in Saudi Arabia and to

develop into a large scale plant

Outsourcing: NEDO, Implementation: 17

companies + 11 Universities

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(15) “Groundwater management

techniques"

Prof. Komatsu, Saitama University

(16) “Sustainable groundwater usage

system"

Prof. Shimada, Kumamoto University

(17) “Exploiting groundwater resources in

mountainous regions"

Associate Prof. Kosugi, Kyoto University

Forests

Rainfall (water

source)

Lakes and

marshes

Purification

plant

Water

works

Sewage

Fields

Industrial

effluent

Golf course Rainfall (water

source)

Water works

(6) “Management of devastated

forest plantation” Prof. Onda, Tsukuba University

(11) "Innovative water and wastewater treatment

system using the membrane separation

technology as the core"

Prof. Okabe, Hokkaido University

(12) "Development and Evaluation of Water

Reuse Technologies for the Establishment of

21st century type Water Circulation System"

Prof. Tanaka, Kyoto University

(13) "New water treatment systems integrating

multiple membrane technologies"

Prof. Nakao, Kogakuin University

(14) “Development of ROBUST Reverse

Osmosis/Nanofiltration Membranes for Various

Types of Water Resources"

Prof. Tsuru, Hiroshima University

(5) “Advective diffusion simulator

for radioactive substances”

Prof. Oki, Tokyo University

(3) “Integrated evaluation of an innovative water

management system with decentralized water reclamation

and cascading material-cycle for agricultural areas” Prof. Fujiwara, Kochi University

(4) “Water-saving System for Advanced Precision

Agriculture (WSSPA)” Prof. Shibusawa, Tokyo University of Agriculture and

Technology

(10) "New Water Reuse System Using Urban

Aquifer with Advanced Risk Management :

Outline and Purpose of the Project"

Prof. Itoh, Kyoto University

(1) “Development of longterm vision for

sustainable water use of the world”

Associate Prof. Kanae, Tokyo Institute of

Technology

(2) “Urban water usage system”

Professor Furumai, University of

Tokyo

(9) “Microbial control

technique"

Prof. Ikeda, Utsunomiya

University

(7) "Smart water-quality monitoring technology for water

recycling and reuse systems"

Prof. Miyake, Hiroshima University

(8) "Water monitoring system with pathogen detection"

Prof. Omura, Tohoku University

Agriculture

Watershed

Ground water

Rivers

Sewage Sewage

treatment

plant

Marine

areas seawater

Cities Purification plant

Sewage

treatment

plant

Industrial

Park

Sewage

treatment

plant

Sewage

Climate

change

25% reduction in

CO2

(Source: Created on the basis of JST NEWS December 2012)

2-5. Innovative Technology and System for Sustainable Water Use (CREST)

Agriculture Radioactive

substances Forests

Water quality assessment & monitoring Sewage

treatment

Water control

system

Membrane

technology

Ground

water

Water usage

in cities

Cities

Earth

10

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3-1. Technological strategy

Expanding markets and technological development

Seawater desalination

Oil & Gas, Mining

Water and sewage

Requirements of the global water market Technology to be developed

・Dealing with the demand for water

・Protecting the environment

・Preventing global warming

Desalination, reuse of water

Zero emission

Energy saving

・Development of ultra energy-efficient processes

・Development of zero emission technologies

・Development of robust new material and processes

・Development of zero emission technologies

・Development of ultra energy-efficient processes

・ Smart water systems

11

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3-2. For further progress in desalination

12

General seawater desalination plants

◆Increased energy conservation (Example: 3.5Kwh/㎥ → 2.5Kwh/㎥)

・ Achieving low pressure and high flux with new material such as nano carbon

・Practical application of energy recovery by PRO*

(*Pressure Retarded Osmosis System)

◆Reducing the load of concentrated drainage on the environment

◆ Establishment of stable process technology for various regions and various

types of seawater

Source: Mark Wilf, Membrane Desalination Technology

ERD：Energy Recovery Devise

【Breakdown of

operating power】

Lighting and air-conditioning Pre-processing

Intake pump

Water pump

High-pressure pump

Total operating power

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3-3. Current Oil Production Plants

Onshore

Oil refining

Natural gas plant

Oil

Oil-field produced water

Dual-phase

Separator

GAS

Offshore

Fuel

Flare

Production well

Fluid Pipeline

Three-phase

Separator

Production

well

Oil reservoir

Seawater

Water treatment device

Oil-field produced water

treatment plant

(Oil and water separation,

solid-liquid separation) Oil-well press -

fitting

Disposal well

Oil-well press - fitting Discharge into the river

Discharge into the ocean

Oil reservoir

Market size: 760 billion yen (2020) (Of which advanced processes, 150 billion yen) (Source: GWI)

13

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All Rights Reserved Copyright © 2015, GWRA 14

Ref.： http://www.netl.doe.gov/File%20Library/Research/Oil-Gas/epnews-2013-fall.pdf/epnews-2013-

fall.pdf

0

10

20

30

40

50

(Millions m3/d)

◎ The water treatment facility of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s Bureau of Waterworks is capable of treating 6.86 million m3 in a day, and provides water to approx. 13 million Tokyo residents.

3-4. The global transition of oil production and

the quantity of oil-field produced water

http://www.netl.doe.gov/File Library/Research/Oil-Gas/epnews-2013-fall.pdf/epnews-2013-fall.pdf














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3-5. Achieving advanced oil recovery phases

and oilfield-produced water treatment

Primary recovery

Secondary recovery

Tertiary recovery

Oil recovery

5% to 15%

Oil recovery

20% to 60%

Oil recovery

35% to 75%

Natural recovery of oil

Major focus on oil recovery

from existing oilfields rather

than development of new

oilfields

Desalination is necessary even

for reusing water as irrigation

water or boiler water.

Oil recovery by injection of water

(IOR: Improved Oil Recovery)

Increase in the amount of oilfield-produced water

Items to be removed for reusing oilfield-produced water:

Oil content, SS components

Oil recovery by injection of heat, gas, Chemicals (EOR:

Enhanced Oil Recovery)

Focus on the highly practical low salinity water

EOR (LS-EOR: Low Salinity EOR)

Items to be removed for reusing oilfield-produced water: Oil

content, SS components

+ salt content

15

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3-6. Oilfield-produced water treatment systems and expected future systems

Oil-field produced

water

Specific gravity difference separation (gravity)

Specific gravity difference separation

(gas flotation, centrifugal force)

Filtration with filter media

(Absorption)

500 - 2,000 Oil concentration

(mg/L) 100 - 500 15 - 30 < 5

・Disposal ・Oil well injection

Disposal

MF, UF membrane (removal of oil and fine particles) RO membrane, desalination technology for highly saline water (MD, FO)

・Efficient utilization (Irrigation, afforestation) ・ Water injection for EOR → Enhanced oil recovery → Contribution to oil production

Stratum blockage during injection

Environmental pollution

Current oilfield-produced water treatment systems

Separation of scattered oil droplets, separation of suspended solids

Primary

treatment

Secondary

treatment

Tertiary

treatment

Expected future systems Removal of oil and fine particles and desalination

with the help of membrane

< 5 - 1

Secondary - Tertiary

treatment

Desalination

treatment

Size of oil droplets

(μm)

>150 40 - 150 10 - 25 2 - 5

<1 - 0.1

TDS

1,000 - 400,000

mg／ℓ

TDS

1,000 - 5,000

16

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3-7. Revolutionary carbon technology that drives innovation

Amorphous Carbon Coating

Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) Coating

RO膜

基材

RO膜

基材

sp2 based

sp3 based

Diamond-like carbon

Hole of 0.3 -

0.4nm

<Reference> Existing reverse osmosis

membrane (RO membrane)

× Durability, chemical resistance, and heat-resisting

property are weak.

× The membrane is thick, so there is large resistance to

passage

× Clogged up with oil and aquatic life

Carbon nano holes that form

the flow channel are controlled

precisely

New nano-structural

carbon body

◆Membrane that can be used in an

severe water environment

(Improving robustness)

◆Saving of energy

Creation of a device for water and

substance separation

Polyamide

With the extension of the existing

technology, it is difficult to provide

enough water to all the people in

the world by harnessing water

from the various water sources

Current state

Technical challenges that

must be resolved

Innovation of separation

membrane technology

making use of material

properties such as that of

carbon

◆Corresponds to various global water

sources, such as seawater and water

containing oil

◆Long life, reduced maintenance efforts

◆Rapid increase in flux and desalination

amount

◆Application to collection of resources

Innovative and promising

functions

(JST Center of Innovation data) 17

Example: Attainment of a sustainable, global water society

with a carbon membrane water generating system

Renewable energy source for

water generation

Seawater desalination plant

Fresh water Sea water

Contributing to an era of abundant water with diverse water sources

RO membrane

Base material

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3-8. Desalination technology using membranes for highly saline water

18

Item

Membrane Distillation(MD)

Forward Osmosis Membrane

(FO)

Super Saturation

Crystallization

Inlet Salt

Concentration 10,000 - 100,000mg/l 10,000 - 100,000mg/l 50,000 - 300,000mg/l

Brine Salt

Concentration 300,000mg/l (Max.) 300,000mg/l (Max.) Zero Liquid Discharge

Configuration

Specified

membrane

PTFE or PP membrane

(Hole diameter 0.2 - 1μm) CTA or PA membrane

(Hole diameter: Same as RO)

MF/UF/NF/RO membrane

(Solvent recovery)

Development

phase Pilot Under Development Pilot

Membrane

Ho

t F

eed

Wate

r

Evaporation

Channel

Permeating

Vapour Condensing

Channel

Co

ole

d P

erm

eate

Str

eam

Feed

Draw solution Membrane

Brine Treated water

Dehydrato

r

U

F

N

F

R

O

Treated Water

Raw

Water

Reaction

Tank

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3-9. Energy-saving treatment systems

Basic flow Concept

Aero

bic

Energy conservation

Easy maintenance

Stable treated water quality

Overwhelmingly low LCC

(life cycle cost)

Anaero

bic

(Excerpts from the website of MetaWater Co. Ltd.)

(1) Operations for industrial effluent (Industrial effluent (Biofuel,

brewing, dairy industry, and so on))

(Excerpts from the website of RIX Corp. (PENTAIR)

1. Waste water

tank

(Raw water

tank)

2. Nutrient adjuster

3. Heat

exchanger

4. Bioreactor

(biological reactor)

5. MBR

membrane

device

6. Biogas for energy

recovery

(2) Application to sewage treatment Tohoku University and others

Energy conservation

Less quantity of sludge

Energy recovery

Anammox process

19

Sand basin High-efficiency solid-liquid

separation tank New trickling filter Final solid-liquid separation

tank Disinfection tank

Sludge thickener

To the dehydrator

ＧＷＲＡ


3-10. Intelligent Water System

Treated water

Factories Households

Data

Center

Industrial effluent

treatment system

Sewage water

treatment system

Drinking water

River water / seawater

Reclaimed water

(recycled water)

Water for industrial

use (recycled water)

Clean Water

treatment system

Treated water

Water Management

System

City A

City

C

City

B

Contributes to optimum management and resolution of the water resource problems by

consolidation and uniform management of water-environment information.

・ Information on business

management

・Information on sales and charges

・ Information on consumers

・ Information on equipment

operations

・ Information on pipelines and maps

Industrial effluent

(Source: Excerpts from data from Hitachi, Ltd.) 20

Water for

industrial use

(recycled

water)

Sewage

Water for industrial use

ＧＷＲＡ



21

1. Making the results widely known

Intensive growth and expansion in areas with increasing demand for water

such as the Middle East, Africa, India and South-east Asia.


[System support]

Supporting the demonstration of pre-dominant technologies by leveraging

international exchange activities, International energy pilot projects, etc.

[Technological development]

・Making the seawater desalination system to be super energy saving with

zero emission

・Making the treatment process in the Oil & Gas domain robust with zero

emission

・Making the water and waste water treatment system for overseas such as

South-east Asia to be energy saving with low LCC and IT technologies.

Thank you for your attention.

Documents

Initiative and technology strategies for global water ...Feb 13, 2015 · Initiative and technology strategies for global water infrastructure business Global Water Recycling and