Information system(IS) is the study of complementary networks of hardware and software (seeinformation technology) that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and distributedata.[1]Information Systemsencompasses a variety of disciplines such as: the analysis and design of systems, computer networking, information security, database management, and decision support systems.Information Managementdeals with the practical and theoretical problems of collecting and analyzing information in a business function area including business productivity tools, applications programming and implementation, electronic commerce, digital media production, data mining, and decision support.Communications and Networkingdeals with the telecommunication technologies. Information Systems bridgesbusinessandcomputer scienceusing the theoretical foundations ofinformationandcomputationto study various business models and relatedalgorithmicprocesses within a computer science discipline.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]Computer information system(s)(CIS) is a field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society[15][16][17]while IS emphasizes functionality over design.[18]Any specificinformation systemaims to support operations, management anddecision making.[19]In a broad sense, the term is used to refer not only to theinformation and communication technology(ICT) that an organization uses, but also to the way in which people interact with this technology in support of business processes.[20]Some authors make a clear distinction between information systems,computer systems, andbusiness processes. Information systems typically include an ICT component but are not purely concerned with ICT, focusing instead on the end use of information technology. Information systems are also different from business processes. Information systems help to control the performance of business processes.[21]Alter[22][23]argues for advantages of viewing an information system as a special type ofwork system. A work system is a system in which humans and/or machines perform work (processes and activities) using resources to produce specific products and/or services for customers. An information system is a work system whose activities are devoted to processing (capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying) information.[24]As such, information systems inter-relate withdata systemson the one hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form ofcommunicationsystem in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal languagewhich supports human decision making and action.Information systems are the primary focus of study fororganizational informatics.[25]

Difference Between MIS and AISBoth MIS and AIS are information systems based on computers that are very helpful for organizations towards keeping their records properly. The huge collection of information about different aspects of organization that comes from various sources gets collected and processed by the computers which turn up with a detailed report that helps in organization, evaluation and in smooth operations. MIS or Management Information System is an invaluable asset for any organization to perform properly and it has important information that is utilized in the process of evaluation of previous decisions and in the making of relevant and sensible plans for future success of the operations. AIS or Accounting Information System is a division of MIS and is all about a system of maintaining the entire accounting, sales and purchase records, financial statements, and other transactions. It is very helpful in organizing the account system in an organization. It is true that AIS is very helpful in judging the previous performances and it plays a vital part is deciding the actions the future projects. However the financial information is not enough to maintain the success of any operation. Any management needs information that AIS simply cannot provide. Information like market research, sales forecasting, warehouse planning, production planning, etc are extremely important for every organization nowadays. Unlike AIS who is not capable to generate such details, MIS can easily do so. The mode of operation of AIS is all about the collection and storage of data and producing computer aided results utilized by internal management of an organization and people like investors and creditors as well. AIS is also done with traditional pen and paper however electronically it is a very complex system that fuses the traditional accounting methods and the latest technology to provide financial solutions that is used by the internal management.