Slide 1

Infections of the nervous system Dr,kibruyisfaw oct, 2012 Areas to be learned Acute meningitis Slide 2 Acute Bacterial Meningitis Def. bacterial infection of the subarachnoid space Major presenting feature Rapidly developing headache, fever, meningism and photophobia Physical exam Nuchal rigidity, Kernigs sign, Brudzinsk sign Your immediate task Bacterial? Viral? Tuberculous? Slide 3 Acute Bacterial meningitis Microbiology/Causes Neonates E. coli, GBS, P. mirabilis, L. monocytogenes, Pseudomonas Children< 5y. N. mening. S pneumoniae H. Influenzae Older children and adults < 50 N. mening. and S.pneumo Adults >50 S. pneumo, G- enteric bacilli, L. mono Slide 4 Viral/ Aseptic/ Meningitis Enteroviruses, Mumps, Arboviruses, HIV,HSV-2, HZV, Adenoviruses Tuberculous meningitis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Slide 5 How can you distinguish weather it is bacterial viral or tuberculosis ? Bacterial/pyogenic/ onset--- acute Immunoprophylaxis Conjugate vaccine Target population= all children at 11- 12 years Anyone > 2 years w/risk = college students, military recruits, asplenia Polysaccharide vaccine A C Y W135 For outbreaks, age>65