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Industrial RevolutionBegins
Revolution in Great Britain1700s = change in technologyenergy source changed from human &
animal power to machinery Industrial Revolution occurred when use
of power-driven machinery was developed
this started in Great Britain
Factors for Successin Great Britainexploration and colonialismpower of the seapolitical stabilitygovernment supportgrowth of private investment
Agricultural Factors1701 Jethro Tull invented seed drill landowners bought up small farms and
consolidated them in the enclosure movement
Factors of Production: LandGreat Britain had great natural
resources coal for fuel iron for steel & machinery waterways (rivers & canals) to generate
power and transport raw materials and goods
Factors of Production: LaborGreat Britain’s population grew because
of greater food supplyenclosure movement took land away
from small farmers resulted in surplus of available workers
Factors of Production: Capitalcapital is the money or property a
business needs to stay in businesscapital can be money, machines, or
people people who specialized in one area had
abilities and skills to their advantages
A Revolution in Textilesa cottage industry is an occupation in
which you make a craft and it is done in your home
making cloth had been a cottage industry
cloth was made mostly with wool
A New Way of Making Clothcloth was now made from wool and
cotton more sheep could be raised due to the
enclosure movement cotton came to Great Britain from the
coloniesnew inventions helped the process of
cloth making
Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney removed seeds from raw cotton
Spinning Jenny invented by James Hargreavesspun multiple threads at one time
threads were still thick and broke easily
Spinning Frame invented by Richard Arkwrightsimilar to the spinning jenny
spun stronger, thinner threads
“Flying Shuttle” invented by John Kaypushed thread back and forth on loom
automatically had been done by the weaver pushing the
shuttle back and forth allowed for looms to be wider than arm’s
width
Power Loom invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1785automated the weaving process
Cloth Making Outside the Homenew inventions to speed up the cloth
making process were big machinesmachines needed a special place to
house themcloth now made
in FACTORIES
Steam Powers the Revolutionsteam is created when water is heated
to the point of vaporizingwater vapors expand when hotsteam engines were invented in 1712
by Thomas Newcomen
Newcomen Steam Engine
Development of the Steam Engine
James Watt innovated Newcomen’s steam engine to be more efficient Watt’s engine was better suited for factories
1802 Richard Trevithick put a steam engine in first locomotive
1807 Robert Fulton developed the first steamship
Coal for British Steam Enginescoal mining industry in northern and
western England grewby 1800, Great Britain produced 80% of
Europe’s coalmining was dangerous
explosions coal dust collapsing shafts hard labor
Exit TicketWhat are the three factors of production
that we discussed? What is an example of each of these
factors that Great Britain had? How did the early inventions help the
textile industry change from a cottage industry to an industry performed in factories?