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Mnemonic- VISA A (Step by step)

1. Ventilatory support

a.Respiratory arrest

b.Respiratory failure

i.Hypoventilation/Hypercarbia1.paCO2 >55 mmHg

ii.ArterialHypoxemiarefractory to oxygen

1.paO2

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Indications (Details)

A.Airway Protection

1.Unconscious patient (Glasgow Coma Scale55 mmHg

b.ArterialHypoxemiarefractory to oxygen

i. paO2

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c.Respiratory Acidosis

3.Need for prolongedVentilatory support

4.Class III or IVHemorrhagewith poor perfusion

5.Severe chest injury (e.g.Flail ChestorPulmonary Contusion)

6.SevereClosed Head Injury(GCS