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A REPROACH TO GURGAON`S NEIGHBOURHOOD : SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE
HOUSINGWHY? ( ISSUES)
SOCIAL EXCLUSION/ DEPRIVATION : ON THE BASIS OF CLASS, ECONOMIC
STATUS, RACE, ETHNICITY OR RELIGION ; ACCESSIBILITY TO A SELECTIVE
FEW BY USING BOUNDARIES, GATES OR SELECTIVE ADMISSION ; AN EXAMPLE
OF ARCHITECTURAL POLICING OF SOCIAL BOUNDARIES ; LEADING TO UNEVEN
DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL POLARISATION.
REDUCED SOCIABILITY : THE INTERACTION BETWEEN DIFFERENT MEMBERS
OF A NEIGHBOURHOOD DECREASING WITH TIME EVEN IF THEY BELONG TO THE
SAME SOCIAL STRATA.
INEFFICIENT PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE : SHORTAGE OF WATER, POWER ;
POOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM ; HEAVY VEHICULAR TRAFFIC AND
CONGESTED ROADS ; STATE`S INCOMPETENCE AS COMPARED TO THE PRIVATE
SECTOR.
STANDARDIZATION : A QUESTION OF IDENTITY ; LACK OF INDIAN-NESS
OR REGIONALISM ; ABSENCE OF THE SENSE OF PLACE OR COMMUNITY ;
PRODUCTS OF TRANSNATIONAL URBANISM OR GLOBALISED CONSUMERIST
CULTURE ; FOCUSSING ON THE WESTERNISED MIDDLE AND UPPER CLASS.
STAGNATION OF RESIDENTIAL MARKET : HIGH PRICES ; OVERSUPPLY IN
THE SLOW MOVING MARKET
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION : EXTENSIVE USE OF ALREADY DEPLETING
WATER, POWER ; HEAVY AIR POLLUTION BY MILLIONS OF AUTOMOBILES ;
BEAUTIFUL LANDSCAPED GARDENS OF GRASS IN NEIGHBOURHOODS, LESS OF
FOLIAGE ; ENERGY CRISIS ; NO HEED TO CLIMATE RESPONSE, ALTERNATE
SOURCES OF ENERGY OR RECYCLING.
DISLOCATED LIVE, WORK, PLAY
VISION ( PROBABLE SOLUTIONS ) :
SOCIAL INCLUSION : ACCESSIBLE TO ALL SECTIONS OF SOCIETY ; A
MORE TOLERANT APPROACH
INCREASING SOCIABILITY/INTERACTION : THROUGH SPACES THAT ARE
COMFORTABLE TOWARDS TRANSITIONS ; FLEXIBLE ; MULTI-FUNCTIONAL ;
INTEGRATED ; SECURE ; INVITING ; BALANCE OF OPEN-CLOSE,
INSIDE-OUT.
REVIVING THE SENSE OF PLACE AND COMMUNITY : SENSE OF PLACE,
COMMUNITY, IDENTITY ; CRITICAL REGIONALISM ; AN APPROACH MIDWAY TO
THE AUTHENTIC LOCALITY MOHALLA (THE ORIGINAL NEIGHBOURHOOD) AND
TRANSNATIONAL URBANISM.
SUSTAINABLE : USING ALTERNATE SOURCES OF ENERGY ; REUSE ;
RECYCLE ; CONSERVATION OF WATER AND POWER ; EFFICIENT SEWAGE
DISPOSAL ; CLIMATE-RESPONSIVE.
AFFORDABLE : TO MAKE IT ACCESSIBLE TO ALL SECTIONS OF SOCIETY,
IT NEEDS TO BE AFFORDABLE ; TO COUNTER THE OVERSUPPLY AND
STAGNATION IN MARKET DUE TO HIGH PRICES.
IMPROVING HUMAN CAPITAL : TRAINING AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT ;
COMMUNITY CENTER ; MICRO CREDIT FACILITIES ; PROVIDING WORK AS
SERVICES OR IN CONSTRUCTION ; ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ;
WHICH IN TURN RAISES THEIR FINANCIAL AND PHYSICAL CAPITAL
INTEGRATED LIVE, WORK, PLAYCase study- ARANYA A housing project,
Indore
Situated 6 km from Indore, Madhya Pradesh is a housing project
for the middle and lower income groups of Indian population.
Designed by architect B. V. Doshi of Vastu-Shilp Foundation,
Aranya, was awarded the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in
1995.
Case study- ARANYA A housing project, IndoreThe general
objectives or ARANYA were:1- To create a township where a sense of
continuity of fundamental values of security exist and to plan a
good living environment.2. To achieve a settlement character by
establishing a harmony between the built environment and the
people.3. To create a balanced community of various socio-economic
groups encouraging co-operation, fraternity , tolerance and self
help generated through a physical planning process.4. To evolve a
framework within design where incremental physical development can
take place within legal, economical and organizational
framework.Plan initially prepared by Indore development authority
which shows a typical rubber stamping attitude without any concern
for open space hierarchy , circulation system , climatic
orientation or the built form. Basic grid pattern envisaged for
simple layout
Initial stage proposed plan with distributed open spaces and
street hierarchies. Twists and staggers introduced to discourage
through traffic.
HOUSING PLANNINGLater stage of development with rectified
orientation to minimize heat gain and increase natural shading.
Clear hierarchy to be obtained.Proposed master plan with
interlinked open spaces, built form variations, distributed
amenities, road network hierarchies and climate friendly
orientation
The master plan was divided into six sectors with a central
spine area of commercial and institutional land use.The town centre
in the middle part of the spine consisted of four clusters of
shopping, residential and office complexes.Housing
categoriesHousing categories
The high income group (HIG 9 per cent), is along the periphery
of the national highway and part on the south east border of the
arterial road in the south.The middle income group (MIG 14 %) is
planned along the periphery of arterial roads on north west side
and part on the south arterial road along the part of the spine.
The lower income group (LIG 11%)and the economically weaker sector
(EWS 65%) are located in the middle of all six sectors.DIVISION OF
SPACES Residential : 58 %Pedestrian : 24%Open spaces : 7%Commercial
: 8% ANALYSIS OF THE PLANNING 1. Houses have been clustered in
groups of ten, separated by open spaces.2. Each sector with main
pedestrian street.3. Otta, a transitional zone , is provided in
front of each house which is located between private and public
space .4.Ottas are provided as a meeting place or interactive
place.5. A septic tank was provided for two clusters.
CONCLUSION1.Locally available building materials used for low
cost housing.2. Interactive spaces are created e.g. ottas and
pedestrians. 3. No parking space provided due to majority consists
of EWS/LIG groups. 4.Extensions such as balconies, open stairs and
porches acts as both indoor and outdoor characters.
COCLUSIONCommunity facilities grouped in local sub centersFormal
organizationCommunity facilities distributed evenlyInformality
created Accessibility improvedLower level Community facilities
organized in green spaces .The road network, designed according to
the topography, allowed for smooth gravitational flow of water.
