In Pursuit of a Waterless Office – Water Efficiency at the ... · Water Efficiency at the Eco Office Rethinking Sustainable Construction – September 2006. Session D102 September

September 19, 2006Session D102

In Pursuit of a Waterless Office –Water Efficiency at the Eco Office

Rethinking Sustainable Construction – September 2006


www.lordaecksargent.com

Jim Nicolow, AIA, LEED AP


Presentation Outline

• Regional Context• Project Overview• Water Efficiency

Process / Strategies• LEED Results


Regional Context – Water Supply

Image courtesy Ecos Environmental Design


Regional Context – Storm Water Runoff

Images courtesy Ecos Environmental Design


Regional Context – Combined Sewer

“Atlanta’s sewer systems are aged and in disrepair. Excessive overflows from the combined sewer system, coupled with sanitary sewer overflows and leaks in the separated area, have negatively impacted area water quality.”


Southface Energy Institute

Architect: Pimsler Hoss Architects, Inc.

Eco Office Program• 10,000 sf addition• Staff Offices • Training / event space• Green building showcase• Target LEED-Platinum


Interdisciplinary Charrette

Interdisciplinary Charrette at project inception

Set GoalsIdentify Technologies• Efficient fixtures• Composting system• Rainwater harvest• Porous paving• Green roof• Rain gardens• Water-efficient

landscaping


The Eco Office


The Eco Office

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Optimization Process

1. Analyze Loads2. Target Load Reductions3. Meet Loads Efficiently4. Green the Supply


Analyzing Loads – Commercial Office Water Use

• Domestic water 40%• Toilets largest user• 4.8 billion gallons/day

heating/cooling

irrigation

misc.

domestic


Water Use Reduction – LEED Fixtures

• 1992 Energy Policy Act• Water closets• Urinals• Lavatory Faucets• Showers• Kitchen Sinks• Fixtures explicit in V2.2


Eco Office Plumbing Diagram

Staff Level - 20 occupants

Public Level - 100 occupants


Domestic Water Use – Base Case

kitchen sink9%

lavatory28%

urinal15%

toilet48%


Toilets

• Conventional 1.6 GPF• 60,000 gallons / year


Toilets

=


Dual-Flush Toilet

Source: E Source 1997

Lower level toilets• Caroma USA, Caravelle• Standard plumbing• 1.6gpf / 0.8 gpf• 100 occupants• Savings – 20,000 gal/year

Images courtesy Caroma USA Inc.


Foam-Flush Composting Toilet


Upper level toilets• Clivus Multrum• 4” waste line• Water/biodegradable soap• 6 oz. per flush (3%)• 20 occupants• Savings – 20,531 gal/year

Images courtesy Clivus Multrum Inc.


Compost Bin and Tank


• 110 flushes/day peak• Compost once / year• Compost tea 4 gallons/day• Tea once / month

Image courtesy Clivus Multrum Inc.


Waterless Urinal


Lower level urinals• Sloan Valve Company, Waterfree• No supply / flush valve• 0.0 gpf• 100 occupants (1/2)• Savings – 25,000 gal/year

Image courtesy Sloan Valve Company


Low-flow, Automatic Faucet

All lavatories for public & staff• Conventional faucet 2.5 gpm• Sloan Valve Company, Solis• 0.5 gpm, PV recharge• Savings – 47,250 gal/year• 42% of total demand reduction

Image courtesy Sloan Valve Company


Annual Water Use Reduction

Summary• 120 occupants total• Base Case – 201,000 gal/year• Design Case – 88,219 gal/year• Reduction – 112,781 gal/year• 56% Reduction• LEED: min 30% - 2 points

(20,531) 18%

(20,000) 18%

(25,000) 22%

(47,250) 42%

Foam-Flush Savings

Dual-Flush Savings

Waterless Urinal Savings

Low-Flow Lavatory Savings


Greening Supply – Rainwater HarvestRooftop Cistern

Site Cistern


Salvaged PV Array Collects Rainwater

Image courtesy Ecos Environmental Design


Atlanta Rainfall Data• 50-inches / year = 30 gallons / sf / year

Monthly Rainfall Data

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

Jan

uar

y

Mar

ch

May

July

Sep

tem

ber

Nov

emb

er

Inch

es


Roof Top Cistern• 1,350 sf collector• 600-1,000 gal/week• 1,750 gal capacity• 42,000 gal / year• Uses

– Mechanical system– Greenroof irrigation– Sewage conveyance


Roof Top Cistern

• 36,000 gal/year for sewage conveyance

• Base Case – 201,000 gal/year

• Design Case – 52,309 gal/year

• Reduction – 148,691gal/year

• 74% ReductionImage courtesy McKenney’s Mechanical Contractors


Site Cistern

• 15,000 gal• Site irrigation• Supplement rooftop cistern – 100%

Image courtesy Eberly & Associates, Inc.


LEED Calculations


LEED Calculations


0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

baseline case design case design case withrainwater harvest

Gal

lon

s/ye

ar

kitchen sink lavatory urinal toilet

Water Use Reduction Results


LEED Water Results – 6 to 7 points• WE 1 – Water Efficient Landscaping

– No potable water for irrigation– 2 points

• WE 2 – Innovative Wastewater Technologies– 80% reduction (52% without rooftop cistern)– 1 point

• WE 3 – Water Use Reduction– 74% reduction– 2 points

• ID 1 – Innovation in Design– Exemplary Water Use Reduction (WE 3) – 1 point– Possible Exemplary Innovative Wastewater (WE 2) – 1 point


Beyond LEED

• Instantaneous HW• EnergyStar Dishwashers

– Whirlpool Corporation– 44% less water

• “Externalities”

Image courtesy Whirlpool Corporation


Beyond LEED – Electricity and Water

3 gallons of water are used toproduce each kilowatt-hour

Source: Southern States Energy Board

Source: www.air.dnr.state.ga.us

Base Case Electricity = 144,094 kWh→ 432,282 gallons/yearBase Case Water = 201,000 gal/year

Is the hydrologic impact of energy savings more significant than water savings?


Webcam

• Insert Current Webcam Shot


Project TeamClient: Southface Energy InstituteArchitect: Lord, Aeck & SargentStructural: KSi/ Structural EngineersDesign MEP: KEEN Engineering (Stantec)Civil: Eberly & Associates, Inc.Landscape: ECOS Environmental DesignDaylighting: RMI/ENSAR Built EnvironmentAudio/Visual: Waveguide Consulting, Inc.Commissioning: Working Buildings, LLCDesign-Build Subcontractors:Mech.: McKenney’s, Inc.Elec.: Dynalectric Georgia

Contractor: Eco Office Contractors:DPR Construction, Inc.Hardin Construction Co.Holder Construction Co.Skanska USA Building, Inc.The Winter Construction Co.with assistance by R. J. Griffin & Co.


Jim Nicolow, AIA, LEED APLord, Aeck & Sargent Architecture1201 Peachtree Street, NE, #300

Atlanta, GA 30361404-253-1458

[email protected]

Contact Information

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

In Pursuit of a Waterless Office – Water Efficiency at the ... · Water Efficiency at the Eco Office Rethinking Sustainable Construction – September 2006. Session D102 September