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History (Main) Topic Wise Paper 1

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HISTORY (MAIN) PAPER I—2002

Section A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on the places plotted byyou on the map:

(i) Ajanta (ii) Bodh Gaya(iii) Dholavira (iv) Dwarka(v) Girnar (vi) Hastinapur

(vii) Kanchipuram (viii) Kosambi(ix) Madurai (x) Malkhed(xi) Mohanjodaro (xii) Nalanda

(xiii) Purushpur (xiv) Ropar(xv) Sanchi (xvi) Sravanbelgola

(xvii) Sravasti (xviii) Tanjore(xix) Thaneswar (xx) Varanasi

2. Analyse the elements of urban civilisationin the Harappan Culture. What factors wereresponsible for its decline ?

3. Examine the nature of the Mauryan State.Bring out the features of their administrativesystem.

4. Examine the proficiency of the ancientIndians in various crafts, science andmathematics.

Section B

5. Write short essays in not more than 200words each on any three of the followingtopics

(a) Origin of the Bhakti Movement(b) Babarnama as a source of history(c) Mansabdari System(d) Consequences of the Third Battle of

Panipat

6. Discuss Balban’s concept of kingship. Howwas it modified by Alauddin Khalji ?

7. Trace the evolution of the religious views ofAkbar. Write a note on his policy of Sulh- i-Kul.

8. Explain the principal features of architectureduring Akbar’s rule. What changes weremade in them by Shahjahan ?

HISTORY (MAIN) PAPER II—2002

Section A (Modern India)

1. Comment on any three of the followingstatements in about 200 words each:

(a) “The Verdict at Plassey was confirmedby the English victory at Buxar.”

(b) “India broke her British fetters withWestern hammers.”

(c) “Gandhi restrained mass movements,yet he retained his popularity amongthe masses.”

(d) “The ideology of Subhash ChandraBose was a combination of nationalism,fascism and communism.”

2. “ The rise and expansion of British empirewas an accident rather than the result of adeliberate policy and design.” Criticallyexamine this statement.

3. “The recurring famines in the 19th centurywere the inevitable consequence of theBritish policy and expose the real characterof the paternal solicitude for the peasantryon the part of the British administration.”Examine this statement critically.

4. Discuss the nature of the leadership andprogramme of the Congress Socialist Party.

Section B (World History)

5. Comment on any three of the followingstatements in about 200 words each

(a) ‘The Renaissance was the discovery ofthe world and of man.’

(b) ‘If monarchical misrule ignited theFrench Revolution, lofty ideas bothinspired and sustained it.’

(c) ‘The Great Depression (1929-34) wasattended by momentous consequencesin the economic as well as in the

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2 History (Main) Topic Wise Paper



political sphere.’(d) “One of the most important

consequences of the Second World War,was ‘division of Europe’, eastern andwestern.”

6. “Napoleon kindled the national sentiment,but German unity was achieved byBismarck.” Discuss.

7. Examine the circumstances in China in theyears 1945-49. What did the United Statesdo to resolve the conflict between theNationalists and the Communists there ?

8. Discuss the main factors leading to thecollapse of the Soviet Union.


Section A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe /map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on-places plotted by youon the map:

(i) Kot Digi (ii) Banamali(iii) Tiruchirapalli (iv) Tamralipti(v) Vaisali (vi) Kundagrama

(vii) Puri (viii) Ujjain(ix) Badami (x) Guggara(xi) Sarnath (xii) Amaravati

(xiii) Janguda (xiv) Kolhapur(xv) Nagarjunkonda (xvi) Calicut

(xvii) Haldighati (xviii) Golconda(xix) Somnath (xx) Mathura.

2. Assess the pattern of settlement, economy,social organisation and religion of Indiaduring 2000 to 500 BC from archaeologicalevidences.

3. “The Sixth century B.C. was a period ofreligious and economic unrest in India.”Comment.

4. Examine the information of Fahien about thepolitical, religious, social and economicconditions of India. Make a comparativestudy of his account with that of YuanChwang.

Section B

5. Write short essays in not more than 200words each on any three of the following:

(a) Kalhan as a historian(b) Experiments of Mohammad Tughluq(c) Sufi Movements(d) Chauth and Sardeshmukhi.

6. Attempt a critical essay on the Indian Scienceand Civilisation in the light of Alberuni’swritings. What merits and drawbacks, doyou find in his account ?

7. What impact did Kabir and Nanak leave onIndian Society and Culture ?

8. ‘Akbar built the Moghul Empire by enlistingthe support of the Rajputs, Aurangzebdestroyed it by alienating the Rajputs.’ Doyou agree ?




(a) ‘Absentee landlordism was aconsequential feature of Bengal’sPermanent land settlement.’

(b) ‘India underwent suffering andmortality in the wake of recurringfamines’ in the later half of the 19thcentury.

(c) ‘In the summer of 1942 Gandhi was ina strange and uniquely militant mood.’

(d) ‘Rabindranath Tagore’s nationalismwas based on a Catholic






internationalism.’

2. What was the impact of early British landpolicy on the ‘village communities’ of NorthIndia ?

3. Trace the factors which led to a split in theIndian National Congress in 1907. Whatwas its impact on the course of thenationalist movement ?

4. Examine the causes of the rise and progressof revolutionary movements in India from1905 to 1931.



(a) ‘The French Revolution attackedprivileges and not property.’

(b) ‘The roots of the rise of Fascism lay inPeace Treaties.’

(c) ‘The Security Council is the heart of theUnited Nations.’

(d) ‘The Brussels Treaty of 17 March, 1948paved the way for the formation ofNATO.’

6. ‘Bismarck united Germany not by majorityof votes and speeches but by a policy of“blood and iron”. In the light of this statementassess the contribution of Bismarck to theunification of Germany.

7. Examine the causes of the RussianRevolution of 1917 and indicate itssignificance in world history.

8. Analyse the factors leading to the end of theCold War and account for the U.S.ascendancy in the world.


Section A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write short

descriptive notes on the places plotted byyou on the map:

(i) Achichhatra (ii) Amaravati(iii) Bhimbaitka (iv) Champa(v) Kalibangan (vi) Kanauj

(vii) Kapilvastu (viii) Karle(ix) Mahabalipuram (x) Mathura(xi) Mehrgarh (xii) Paithan

(xiii) Pataliputra (xiv) Sarnath(xv) Siddapura (xvi) Somnath

(xvii) Tamralipti (xviii) Taxila(xix) Tripuri (xx) Udaigiri

2. Describe the social life of the later Vedicpeople. How was it different from the Rig-Vedic life ?

3. Explain the social aspects of Buddhism andaccount for its decline in India.

4. Give an account of the rise of the Chalukyasof Vatapi and their struggle with otherrulers. Write a note on their patronage ofarts.

Section B

5. Write short essays in not more than 200words each on any three of the followingtopics

(a) The ‘Corps of Forty’ and its relationswith the Sultans.

(b) The Token Currency Systemintroduced by Muhammad Tughlaq.

(c) Was Din-i-Ilahi’a monument ofAkbar’s folly’ ?

(d) The system of the collection of Chauthand Sardeshmukhi by the Maratharulers.

6. The Cholas are said to have established astrong and well organised administrationwith an element of self-government at thelocal level. Do you agree ? Give reasons.

7. Discuss the growth of the Nirguna Schoolof Bhakti Movement emphasising the






contribution of Kabir and Nanak to it.

8. In what ways were Aurangzeb’s Rajput andreligious policies different from those of hispredecessors ? What were the consequencesof the changes made by him ?




(a) ‘The Treaty of Salbai (1782) was neitherhonourable to the English noradvantageous to their interests.’

(b) ‘The object of the Act (Regulating) wasgood, but system that it established wasimperfect.’

(c) ‘Permanent Settlement disappointedmany expectations and introduced theresults that were not anticipated.’

(d) ‘We are therefore unable to advise theBritish Government that the powerwhich at present resides in Britishhands should be handed over to twoentirely separate sovereign States.’

2. Discuss the causes that led to the ‘economicdrain’ in Bengal following the Battle ofPlassey.

3. Examine the impact of British rule on IndianSociety in the 19th Century.

4. Analyse Indian foreign policy of Non-alignment between 1947 and 1964.


5. Comment on any three of the followingstatements in about 200 words each :

(a) ‘Rousseau’s political philosophycontains the seeds of Socialism,Absolutism and Democracy.’

(b) ‘Napoleon was the child of theRevolution, but in many ways hereversed the aims and principles of themovement from which he sprang........ .

(c) ‘To Bismarck the conclusion of theTreaty of May 20, 1882, was theculmination of this system.’

(d) ‘The most important single factor ...........in the years following 1919 was theFrench demand for security.

6. Review the background of the ChartistMovement. Despite its failure how had theirdemands been met in the succeeding years?

7. What were the weaknesses and difficultiesof the Weimer Republic ? How did Hitlersucceed in establishing, his dictatorship ?

8. Analyse the factors for the collapse of SovietCommunism and Soviet Union during’-1985-1991.


Section–A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on places plotted by youon the map

(i) Mohenjodaro (ii) Burzahom(iii) Inamgaon (iv) Sannathi(v) Kaveripattinam (vi) Sisupalgarh

(vii) Anuradhapura (viii) Karnasuvarna(ix) Chittagong (x) Chitore(xi) Pratishthana (xii) Vidisa

(xiii) Hampi (xiv) Warangal(xv) Diu (xvi) Seringapatam

(xvii) Debal (xviii) Fatehpur Sikri(xix) Bijapur (xx) Sasaram

2. Determine the extent of the Mauryan empire.

3. Assess the status of women in India from4th century BC to AD 6th century.

4. What are the salient features of theadministrative system of the Guptas ?

Section-B

5. Write short essays in not more than 200






words each on any three of the following:(a) The Samanta system(b) The Bahmani kingdom(c) Mughal painting(d) Chaitanyadeva and Vaishnavism

6. Give your opinion on the urban developmentin India during the Mughal times.

7. “The tenets of Hindu and Muslim mysticswere similar enough that the ground wasripe for syncretic movements involvingadherents of both religions.” Elucidate.

8. How would you like to characterize theeighteenth century in Indian history ?


Section–A (Modern India)


(a) ‘Upon the whole, then, I conclude thatthe treaty of Bassein was wise, just anda politic measure.’

(b) ‘Whatever might have been its originalcharacter, it (Rebellion of 1857) soonbecame a symbol of challenge to themighty British power in India.’

(c) ‘The impact of government on thepeople meant essentially the impact ofgovernment on the village.’

(d) ‘The national democratic awakening ofthe Indian people found expressionalso in the religious sphere.’

2. Examine the essential principles of theSubsidiary Alliance system. How far did itcontribute in making the British Companythe supreme sovereign authority in India ?

3. Trace the development of the famine policyof the British in India between 1876 and1921. Did it provide relief to the people ?

4. Analyse the factors responsible for the CivilDisobedience movement (1930-31). How far

were its aims realised in the Government ofIndia Act of 1935 ?

Section-B (World History)


(a) ‘Though reform was inevitable, the Act(1832) by which it was accomplishedwas open to grave criticism.’

(b) ‘The writings of the philosophers hada remendous influence on the minds ofthe people and created a revolutionaryawakening in their minds and formedthe intellectual creed of the FrenchRevolution.’

(c) ‘They have stopped me from makingItaly by diplomacy from the North, Iwill make it by revolution from theSouth.’

(d) ‘The Russian Revolution (1917) was aneconomic explosion hastened by thestupidities of the autocraticGovernment.’

6. ‘What were the factors that worked in thedrafting of the American Constitution ? Doyou agree with Beard’s view of theconstitution being an Economic Document?

7. Discuss the circumstances leading to theChinese Revolution of 1949 and analyse itssignificance.

8. Critically examine the various dimensionsand phases of the cold war between 1947and 1962.


Section-A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on the places plotted byyou on the map:

(i) Konark (xi) Anegondi(ii) Taxila (xii) Chanderi

(iii) Talikota (xiii) Arikmedu






(iv) Somnath (xiv) Kalibangan(v) Kalinjar (xv)Nagarjunakonda

(vi) Mandu (xvi) Eran(vii) Murshidabad (xvii) Kausambi

(viii) Nalanda (xviii) Pattadakal(ix) Tanjore (xix) Halebid(x) Amber (xx) Dvarsamudra

2. Discuss the changing approaches to thestudy of early Indian History.

3. Describe the expansion of the Gupta empireunder Samudragupta.

4. Discuss the major stages in the evolution ofarchitecture during the ancient period.

Section-B

5. Write short essays in not more than 200words each on any three of the following :

(a) The Khilji Revolution(b) Sufism in North India(c) Religious Tolerance of Akbar(d) Dara Shukoh

6. Bring out the main features of theadministrative system under DelhiSultanate during TurkoAfghan period.

7. Write a short essay on the development ofliterature during the Mughal period.

8. Examine the factors which were responsiblefor opening and development of Europeantrade in India during the 16th and 17thcenturies.


Section-A (Modern India)


(a) “Neither Alexander the Great norNapoleon could have won the empireof India by starting from Puduicherryas a base and contending with a powerwhich held Bengal and the commandof the Sea.”

(b) “A self-sufficient village, based onagriculture carried on with theprimitive plough and bullock-power,and handicrafts by means of simpleinstruments, was a basic feature of Pre-British Indian economy.”

(c) “So long as the millions live in hungerand ignorance, I hold every man atraitor who, having been educated attheir expense, pays not the least heedto them.”

(d) “I felt that if we did not accept partition,India would be split into many bits andwould be completely ruined.”

2. Examine the circumstances which led to theThird Mysore War. Could Cornwallis haveavoided it?

3. What do you mean by the commercializationof Indian agriculture ? Discuss its results.

4. Account for the emergence of the left-wingwithin the Congress. How far did it influencethe programme and Policy of the Congress ?



(a) “No taxation without representation.”(b) “Colonies are like fruits which cling to

the tree only till they ripen.”(c) “Treaty of Versailles contained the

seeds of future conflict”.(d) “A clever conqueror will always

impose his demands on the conqueredby instalments.”

6. “The Renaissance scholars laid the eggswhich Luther, the father of the Reformation,later on hatched.” Discuss.

7. Critically analyse the causes and results ofthe Chinese Revolution of 1949.

8. Give a brief account of the struggle against‘Apartheid’ in South Africa.







Section-A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on the places marked

(i) Kot digi (xi) Anuradhapura(ii) Kalibangan (xii) Hampi

(iii) Ahicchatra (xiii)Srirangapatnam(iv) Bhimbaitka (xiv) Puri(v) Kanauj (xv) Kolhapur

(vi) Siddapura (xvi) Haldighati(vii) Udayagiri (xvii) Golconda

(viii) Kaveripattinam (xviii) Chittagong(ix) Tiruchirapalli (xix) Chitore(x) Sisupalgarh (xx) Calicut

2. “Reconstruction of Early Indian history ishardly possible without the help ofinscriptions and coins.” Discuss.

3. Write what you know of the rise and spreadof Buddhism before the first century A.D.

4. Throw light on the condition of commonman in the Gupta period.

Section-B

5. Write short essays in not more than 200words each on any three of the following

(a) Alberuni on science in India(b) The Bahamani Kingdom(c) Mughal painting(d) Chauth & Sardeshmukhi of the

Maratha rulers

6. Show that the administrative system in Indiareached a very high level during the Cholaperiod.

7. “The tenets of Hindu and Muslim mysticswere similar enough that the ground wasripe for syncretic movements involvingadherents of both the religions.” Elucidate.

8. “Akbar built the Mughal Empire by enlistingthe support of the Rajputs, Aurangzeb

destroyed it by alienating the Rajputs.”Discuss critically.


Section-A (Modern India)


(a) “The Revolt of 1857 seemed to call thevery presence of the British intoquestion. What it did not do was reversethese changes.”

(b) “Of the evils which corroded Indiansociety in the nineteenth century wereprobably those stunted itswomanhood.”

(c) “At Karachi in 1931, the Congressdefined what Swaraj would mean forthe masses.”

(d) “There is no other instance in thehistory of mankind of a poet andphilosopher working such a miracle inshaping the destiny of his people.” (ATribute to M. Iqbal)

2. Examine the major factors shaping theBritish land-revenue policy in India. How itaffected Indian society ?

3. Explain the circumstances leading to thealliance between the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movements. Was it a politicallywise step on the part of the Congress ?

4. “With great skill and masterful diplomacyand using both persuasion and pressure,Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel succeeded inintegrating the hundreds of princely stateswith the Indian Union. Discuss.



(a) “No event, as encompassing as theFrench Revolution occurs in anintellectual vacuum.”



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(b) “New imperialism was a nationalistic,not an economic phenomena.”

(c) “The War’s (First World War’s) mostpermanent contribution to the spirit ofthe post-War years was disillusion.”

(d) “NATO in many ways symbolized thekey role that the United States had cometo play in Europe.”

6. Give reasons for the origin of theRenaissance in Italy.

7. Discuss the main characteristics of Fascism.

8. “By the 1980s, the Communist system of theSoviet Union was incapable of maintainingthe country’s role as a Superpower.”Explain this statement.


Section - A

1. Mark any fifteen of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on the places marked byyou:

(i) Burzahom (ii) Banawali(iii) Ahar (iv) Girnar(v) Chandraketugarh

(vi) Brahmagiri(vii) Bayana

(viii) Gangai Kondacholapuram(ix) Tamralipti (x) Muziris(xi) Ambari (xii) Modhera

(xiii) Devni Mori (xiv) Bhadreshwar(xv) Bundi (xvi) Gingee (Jinjee)

(xvii) Antichak(xviii) Gaur

(xix) Sasaram(xx) Mahasthamgarh

2. Discuss the distribution and significance offarming cultures outside the Indus system.

3. How justified are we in characterizing the

postMauryan five centuries as the “DarkPeriod” of Indian History ? Give reasons insupport of your answer.

4. How do recent archaeological findings andSangam literary texts enlighten us about theearly state and society in South India ?

Section - B


(a) The Ahom Kingdom(b) Significance of the arrival of the

Portuguese in India(c) The ‘Corps of Forty’ and its relations

with the Sultan(d) Evolution of the Khalsa Panth.

6. What are the manifestations of Tamildevotional cults ? How do you account fortheir growth between C. 750 and C. 1200 CE?

7. Delineate the striking features of agriculturaland craft production during the sixteenthand seventeenth centuries in India. How didthey impact the social fabric of the country?

8. What are the distinguishing components ofthe debate on “The Eighteenth Century” ?


Section - A (Modern India)

1. Comment on any three of the followingstatements in about 200 words each

(a) “Sprung from paternalism, the EnglishUtilitarian philosophy as introduced inIndia rejected its human warmthbetween rulers and the ruled”.

(b) “The vernacular press in the nineteenthcentury was both newspaper as wellas ‘viewspaper’ that enlightened thedormant masses”.

(c) “Is moral law, the law of conscience,higher than the law of the state, whichis oppressive ?” (Mahatma Gandhi,1922)






(d) “In exercising its exclusive power theParliament additionally enacted theUntouchability (Offences) Act in 1955.”

2. Critically examine the impact of the faminepolicy on rural India. Describe the officialremedial measures undertaken.

3. Write a critique on the impact of the DrainTheory of Dadabhai Nauroji in the growthof economic nationalism.

4. Describe the changing nature ofrevolutionary activities in India between1905-1946.

Section–B (World History)


(a) “ France was more fertile than Britainin producing new Socialist theoriesand movements, though they bore lessconcrete results in France than inBritain”.

(b) “ Most of the European Revolutions of1848 were nationalist as well aspopular insurrections against foreignrule and repressive policy ofMetternich”.

(c) “In the long run, the Locarno Treaty(December 1925) was destructive bothof the Treaty of Versailles and of theCovenant “.

(d) “After World War II, the strategy of theWest towards Soviet bloc crystallizedas a ‘policy of containment”.

6. “The Enlightenment represented alternativeapproaches to modernity, alternative habitsof mind and heart, of conscience andsensibility.” Discuss.

7. Account for the factors that brought aboutthe end of the Cold War.

8. Assess the significance of the politicaldevelopments that took place in EasternEurope during 1989 - 2001.


Section - A

1. Mark any ffiftten of the following places onthe map supplied to you and write shortdescriptive notes on these places marked byyou:

(i) Koldihwa (ii) Kuchai(iii) Utnur (iv) Patne(v) Semthan (vi) Bagasra

(vii) Balathal (viii) Hallur(ix) Kandahar (x) Ter(xi) Uchh (xii) Gyaraspur

(xiii) Uttaramerur (xiv) Lalkot(xv) Sittanavasal (xvi) Mansura

(xvii) Jaunpur (xviii) Daojali Hading(xix) Machilipatnam(xx) Mahisadal

2. In what ways are the accounts of theGraecoRomans and the Chinese helpful inreconstructing the social history of India ?How far is their information corroboratedby other contemporary sources ?

3. (a) Evaluate the various approaches to theunderstanding of Vedic religion.

(b) Give an account of the use of gold coinsby commoners in the Gupta period.

4. Bring out the regional variations in the earlySouth Indian temples’ architectural styles.

Section – B


(a) Applicability of the term ‘IndianFeudalism’ to early Medieval society

(b) Muhammad Tughluq as an agrarianinnovator

(c) Implications of Akbar s notion of Sulh-i - Kul

(d) Estimates of population of MughalIndia






6. (a) How far can the village assemblies orcommunities under the Cholas be reallycalled democratic ?

(b) Assess Kalhana’s views on history.

7. (a) Identify the main factors that sustainedthe expansion of urban economy in theDelhi Sultanate.

(b) Give an estimate of Akbar as a promoterof technology.

8. (a) Give a critical assessment of thecontributions of Amir Khusrau andBarani to Indo -Persian literature.

(b) “The major causes of revolts against theMughal Empire during the latter halfof the 17th century were economic,rather than religious.” Discuss.


Section - A (Modern India)


(a) “Though the Permanent Settlement hadserious defects, it gave tranquillity tothe countryside and stability to thegovernment.”

(b) “The Arya Samaj may quite logicallybe pronounced as the outcome ofconditions imported into India by thewest.” (Lala Lajpat Rai )

(c) “Please remember, in granting separateelectorates we are sowing the dragon’steeth and the harvest will be bitter.”(Morley)

(d) “The annexation of Awadh shook theloyalty of the Sepoys, as it was for theman ultimate proof of untrustworthinessof the British.”

2. (a) Why was Mysore-considered a threatby the British to their possessions andmercantile interests in the south. Do youthink that Tipu Sultan’s posturing

became his undoing ?(b) How did the East Indian Company

become the dejure power in India ?

3. (a) How did social legislation in thenineteenth century improve thecondition of women in India ?

(b) Analyse the social composition of theearly Congress leadership.

4. (a) Discuss as to why the Congressaccepted the partition of India in 1947.

(b) Do you think that the Quit Indiamovement was a SpontaneousRevolution ?

Section - B (World History)


(a) “The capitalism which gave theEuropean empires their apparentsolidarity and permanence alsohastened their downfall.”

(b) “In all the long annals of Imperialism,the partition of Africa is a remarkablefreak.”

(c) “Hitler did not really want a world war.His intention was only a short war withPoland.” (A. J. P. Taylor)

(d) “Arab nationalism and oil - there werethe principal factors in complicating therelations of middle eastern countrieswith the outside world.”

6. (a) Discuss the emergence of neo-imperialism in the late nineteenthcentury.

(b) What was the extent ofindustrialization in Western Europe bythe end of the nineteenth century?

7. (a) How did Napoleon Bonaparte fuse theold France with the new?

(b) Why did Vietnam go through thirtyyears of war after the second world






war?

8. (a) Account for the overthrow of the Tsaristregime in Russia.

(b) Examine the peace – keeping efforts ofthe United Nations Organization.


Section A

1. Mark the following places on the mapsupplied to you and write short descriptivenotes on them:

(i) Korkai (ii) Eran(iii) Birbhanpur (iv) Rakhigarhi(v) Sannati (vi) Isipattan

(vii) Dhanyakataka (viii) Junnar(ix) Edakkal (x) Paithan(xi) Pandu Rajar Dhibi

(xii) Karle(xiii) Vatapi(xiv) Porkalam(xv) Kalanjar

(xvi) Multan(xvii) Bairat (xviii) Chanhudaro(xix) Rajim (xx) Tripuri

2. (a) To what extent archaeologicalmaterials are useful in understandingthe progress of neolithic man in India?

(b). Examine the significance of the deitiesdepicted on the coins of the Kushanas.

3. (c) Examine the’ view that the sacrifice wasa ritual and a form of social exchangein Vedic India.

(b). Assess the role of guilds’ and tradeorganizations in the development ofearly Indian economy.

4. What light do early inscriptions andliterature throw on the status of women inpolitico-socio-economic spheres ?

Section B

5. Write short notes in not more than 200 wordseach on any three of the following:

(a) Provide a comparative analysis of thedevelopment of Arabic and Persianhistoriography.

(b) Discuss social dynamics in theVijayanagara empire.

(c) Discuss different types of Karkhanasin Mughal India. How was theproduction organized in theKarkhanas?

(d) Critically evaluate various approachesto study medieval Indian town.

6. (a) Examine the increasing importance ofmaritime trade of India duringthirteenth to fifteenth centuries.

(b) To what extent “monetary anaemia”afflicted the erstwhile commercialeconomy during the early medievalperiod?

7. (a).Comment on the Turco-Mongol theory ofsovereignty. To what extent was itadopted by Babur and Humayun?

(b) How did Shivaji organize hisadministration and finances toconsolidate his power?

8. (a) What was Indian response to EuropeanTechnology?

(b) How far do you agree with the viewthat the temples in the early medievalperiod were catalysts in spreadingeducation?


Section-A ( Modern India )

1. Critically evaluate the following statementsin about 200 words each :

(a) “The educated middle class in the 19thcentury often found the domain ofreason to be oppressive, as it impliedthe historical necessity of `civilizing’



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colonial rule.”(b) “Railway development in India

provides an interesting instance ofprivate enterprise at public risk”

(c). “The active participation of Arena AsafAli in 1942 movement symbolized therole of women in India’s freedomstruggle.”

2. (a). “In terms of the administrativestructure, the Government of India Actof 1858, … meant more continuationthan change.” Do you agree?Substantiate.

(b) “Punjab’s fate after Ranjit Singh wasforedoomed as the impulse of neoVictorian Imperialism was bound tooverwhelm “ Elucidate.

(c) ‘The developments during 1937-1939greatly undermined the ability of theIndian National Congress to pushthrough the agenda of national unity.”Comment.

3. (a). What role did the economic ideas play;

the early phase of the British rule in theshaping of land tenure policy?

(b) Discuss the extent to which the IndianRenaissance movement contributedtowards the rise of nationalistconsciousness.

4. (a) To what extent did the process ofcommercialization of agriculture affectthe rural scene in India?

(b) Discuss the factors that led to thegrowth of Dalit consciousness andmention the major movements aimedat their empowerment.

Section-B ( World History )

5. Critically evaluate the following statementsin about 200 words each :

(a) “... he (Voltaire) was living in the Ageof Enlightenment ... . The age itself wasnot enlightened.” - E. Kant.

(b) “All long marches begin with smallsteps.”

(c) “The essence of Perestroika is for peopleto feel they are the country’s master.”

6. (a) How far is it correct to say that everyfeature of American Constitution wasultimately of English origin?

(b) What do you understand byImperialism? State briefly its uniquefeatures in the case of Africa.

(c) To what extent did Napoleon’seconomic war with England become hisundoing?

7. (a) Critically examine the Dutch colonialpolicy in Indonesia.

(b) “Europe faced peace in 1945 politicallydisorganized and economicallycrippled.” Elaborate.

8. (a) “The Eastern Question has always beenan international question.” Elucidate.

(b). Explain the circumstances leading tothe emergence of Third World andanalyze its impact on world affairs.


Section-A ( Modern India)

1. Mark the following places on the mapsupplied to you and write short descriptivenotes on them: 3 × 20 = 60

(i) Chirand (ii) Kargil(iii) Basohli (iv) Lalitgiri(v) Mandu (vi) Penukonda

(vii) Samugarh (viii) Vilinam(ix) Sigiria (x) Vikaramasila(xi) Mukhalingam

(xii) Halebid(xiii) Sanghol(xiv) Kumbharia(xv) Sirpur

(xvi) Pangudaria(xvii) Amarkantak

(xviii) Kibbanhalli






(xix) Jorwe(xx) Badaun

2. Trace the development of urbanization fromthe third millennium B.C.E. to 6th centuryB.C.E. 60

3. (a) Evaluate the conceptual basis of theVedic deities. 30

(b) Assess the importance of Jain tents andtheir relevance to humanity. 30

4. (a) Evaluate the introduction of irontechnology in the development ofhuman history of ancient India. 20

(b) Discuss the type of lands and thescience of agriculture mentioned in theliterature and epigraphs of ancientIndia. 20

(c) Assess Ellora as a unique art centre ofthe different culture streams. 20

SECTION ‘B’

5. Write short notes in not more than 200 wordson the following: 20 × 3 = 60

(a) Assess the contribution of Iltutmish forthe expansion and consolidation of theDelhi Sultanate.

(b) Examine critically the agrarian andeconomic reforms of Alauddin Khalji.How did it strengthen the Sultanate?

(c) What is your assessment of Ibnbatutah’s Rehla as an important sourceof Indian history.

6. Evaluate the soico-economic conditionsfrom the Gupta Period to 1200 C.E. as gleanedfrom the various types of grants or danashasana. 60

7. (a) Mughal paintings reflect thecontemporary socio-politicalconditions. —Discuss. 30

(b) Examine the mansab and and jagirsystem by Akbar and its subsequentfailure in the 18th century. 30

8. (a) Discuss the causes of the rise and

growth of regional kingdom withspecial reference to the Deccan in the18the century. 30

(b) Assess the contribution of the Cholasin the expansion of Indian cultureoutside India. 30


SECTION A

1. Critically evaluate the following statementsin about 200 words each: 20 × 3 = 60

(a) “The need for a unilateral transfer offunds to Britain was a constant factorand; in fact, progressively increasedover time.”

(b) “Young Bengal left little distinctive orpermanent impression on the plane ofreligion and philosophy.”

(c) “The emergence of left-wing group inthe Congress radicalized its social andeconomic agendas.”

2. (a) “The Charter Act of 1833 rung downthe curtain on the Company’s trade andintroduced a new concept ofgovernment in India,” Substantiate.

20(b) “Orientalism produced a knowledge of

the past to service the needs of theColonial State.” Elucidate. 20

(c) “The vernacular press in nineteenthcentury India served not just asnewspapers but more importantly asviews-papers.” Comment. 20

3. (a) “In 1857, the robel sepoys showed aremarkable centripetal tendency tocongregate at Delhi.” Do you agree?Substantiate. 30

(b) “Tribals revolted more often and farmore violently than any othercommunity including peasants inIndia.” Elaborate. 30






4. (a) “Nehru’s ‘Temple of Modern India’consisted not only of steel and powerplants, irrigation dams, but includedinstitutions of higher learning,particularly in the scientific fields,”Elaborate. 30

(b) Would you agree that India’s effort topursue and independent foreign policywas a highlight of post-1947 polities?

30

SECTION B

5. Critically evaluate the following statementsin about 200 words each: 20 × 3 = 60

(a) “The promptings of the heart are moreto be trusted than the logic of the mind.”— Rousseau.

(b) “The peace of Versailles lacked moralvalidity from the start.”

(c) “The collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989brought new ideas of co-operation inEurope.”

6. (a) “The roots of Chartism are partypolitical and party economic.”Elaborate. 20

(b) “Whoever says Industrial Revolution,says cotton.” Comment. 20

(c) “By 1914, the sick man of Europe wasno longer just Turkey: it was Europeitself,” Explain. 20

7. (a) Explain how American imperialism inPhilippines differed with Europeanimperialism in Indonesia and Indo-China. 30

(b) How did the policy of appeasementescalate the problem of Naziaggrandizement? 30

8. (a) Would you argue that Non-AlignedMovement played a crucial role inpromoting a climate of peace? 30

(b) Examine the challenges confronted by

the proponents of European unity afterthe collapse of Soviet Empire in EasternEurope. 30


Section-A ( Modern India)

1. Identify the following places marked on themap supplied to you and write short notesof about 40 words on each of them in youranswer book. Locational hints for each ofthe places marked on the map are givenbelow seriatim: 3 × 20 = 60

(i) A prehistoric state(ii) A chalcolithic site

(iii) A religious centre(iv) A prehistoric site(v) An art centre

(vi) A prehistoric site(vii) An art centre

(viii) A port(ix) A capital town(x) A prehistoric site

(xi) A post Mauryan town(xii) An art centre

(xiii) A prehistoric site(xiv) A chalcolithic site(xv) A chalcolithic site

(xvi) A chalcolithic site(xvii) A prehistoric site

(xviii) An art centre(xix) A chalcolithic site(xx) A chalcolithic site

2. (a) Evaluate the significance of scals andsealing in the reconstruction of socio-economic and religious life of theHarappan people. 30

(b) Justify Pliny’s statement that Rome wasbeing drained out of its gold by Indiaduring the first century of the Christian






era. 30

3. (a) Discuss the extent, settlement patternand subsistence economy of themegalithic cultures. 30

(b) Assess the education system in earlyIndia and identify importanteducational institutions of the period.

30

4. (a) Examine the role of adhyaksa in theMauryan administration. 30

(b) Analyse the vibrant cultural activitiesin peninsular India during 550-750 CE.Compare and contrast in with thesituation in contemporary North India.

30

SECTION ‘B’

5. Write the short notes in not more than 150words on each of the following: 12 × 5 = 60

(a) Evaluate Rajtarangini as a source ofhistory.

(b) Medieval Indian towns were merely anextension of villages. Comment.

(c) Assess the contribution of the Acharyasin the development of the ideologicalbasis of Bhakti.

(d) Discuss the Caurapancashika and Jainstyles of paintings. Can theCaurapancashika style truly be calledthe precursor of pothi format?

(e) Give social background to the rise ofthe Maratha movement during theseventeenth century.

6. (a) (a)What king of change were visualizedby historians on Indian feudalism?Examine critically. 30

(b) Analyse the racial composition and therole of nobility under the successors ofIltutmish. How did it affect thecontemporary polities? 30

7. (a) Evaluate the role of nadu and nagaram

in the growth of urbanization under theCholas. 30

(b) How did the Mongol invasions affectthe Delhi Sultanate the north-westernfrontier policy of the Delhi Sultans?30

8. (a) State the structure of medieval villagesociety in Northern India. What werethe passive forms of resistance of thepeasants in the medieval period? 30

(b) How was the Afgan nobilityresponsible for the decline of theAfghan empires? Discuss. 30


SECTION A(Modern India)

1. Critically examine the following statementsin about 150 words each: 12 × 5 = 60

(a) “The current practice of categorizationof ‘Early Modern India’ is based on ashift from the old imperialistperiodization of ‘Muslim India’ —‘British India’ to the more secularist oneof ‘Medieval India’ — ‘Modern India’,which puts Indian history in auniversalists chronological structure.”

(b) “Compared to their Englishcounterpart, the French East IndiaCompany enjoyed little discretionarypower and had to always look up toParis for all major decisions. This partlyexplains the failure of the French inIndia.”

(c) “The peasant movement of the secondhalf of the nineteenth century lacked apositive conception of an alternativesociety — a conception which wouldunite the people in a common struggleon a wide regional and all-India planeand help develop long-term politicaldevelopments.”

(d) “Plantations and mines, jute mills,






banking, insurance, shipping andexport-import concerns in India wererun through a system of interlockingmanaging agencies.”

(e) “Nehru’s policy of Non-Alignmentcame to symbolize the struggle of Indiaand other newly independent nationsto retain and strengthen theirindependence from colonialism.”

2. (a) “The forces of free trade and the Britishdetermination of create a political andadministrative environment conductiveto trade and investment had shaped theBritish polity towards Indian in thefirst half of the nineteenth century.” —Elucidate. 30

(b) “The contact of the new Indian middleclass with the West proved to be acatalyst. The social and religiousmovements launched by Rammohan orIswar Charidra Vidyasagar have to beunderstood in the context.” —Elaborate. 30

3. (a) “The railways, instead of serving as thecatalyst of an industrial revolution asin Western Europe and the USA, actedin India as the catalyst of completecolonization’.”— Examine 30

(b) “The Santhal hool began in July 1855.The core of the movement waseconomic, the basic cause of theuprising was agrarian discount.” —Elucidate. 30

4. (a) “Nehru favoured the policy ofintegrating the tribal people in Indiansociety, of making them an integral partof the Indian nation even whilemaintaining their distinct identity andculture.” — Elaborate with specialreference to Northeastern India. 30

(b) “The Chipko became famous as the firstmajor environmental movement in post-

colonial Indian and gave rise to theunderstanding that environmentalissues are often women’s issues becausethey suffer most from the itsdeterioration.” — Explain 30

SECTION ‘B’World History


(a) “The despotic rules of Europe wereinfluenced by the philosophy ofEnlighten and began to follow abenevolent policy toward theirsubjects.”

(b) “The American Revolution wasessentially an economic conflictbetween American capitalism andBritish mercantilism.

(c) “The connection between thephilosophers’ ideas and the outbreakof the French Revolution (1789) issomewhat remote and indirect.”

(d) “The process of industrialization insome other countries of Europe wasdifferent from that in England.”

(e) “With the Cold War over and the SovietUnion gone, the face of internationaldiplomacy has undergone ametamorphosis.”

6. (a) “The impact of the French Revolution(1789) was initially confined to Europe,but, that of the Russian Revolution(1917) was global.” — Critically review.

30

(b) “Any single explanation for theoutbreak of the First World War is likelyto be too simple. An amalgam of factorsintellectual, social, economic as well aspolitical and diplomatic contributed tothis horrifying conflict f monumentalproportions.” — Explain. 30






7. (a) How did Napoleon fuse the France ofthe ancient regime with the France ofthe post-revolutionary era? 30

(b) Was German unification achieved moreby ‘coal and iron’ than by ‘blood andiron’? 30

8. (a) “The announcement of the certain of thePeoples’ Republic of China on October1, 1949 by Mao Zedong ended the civilwar between the Chinese CommunistParty (CCP) and the Nationalist Party(KMT).” — Elaborate. 30

(b) “The Arab nationalism had a peculiarcharacter. It stood for nationalindependence for separate Arab Statesas well as for the unity of all Arabsirrespective of their state boundaries.”— Examine. 30






INDIAN HISTORY I—2013

Section-A

1. Identity the following places marked on theoutline map in the question-cum-AnswerBooklet supplied to you and write shortnotes of about 30 words on each of them inthe space provided in the Booklet.Locational hints for each of the place markedon the map are given below seriatim:-

2.5 × 20 = 50(i) A Paleolithic and Mesolithic site

2.5(ii) A Mesolithic site 2.5

(iii) An important halting place. 2.5(iv) A Pre-Harappan site. 2.5(v) An important Harappan site 2.5

(vi) Site of important fossils 2.5(vii) A Seat port 2.5

(viii) A Paleolithic site 2.5(ix) A Neolithic, Megalithic an Chalcolithic

site. 2.5(x) A Harappan site. 2.5

(xi) A Palaeolithic site. 2.5(xii) A Neolithic Site. 2.5

(xiii) A Chalcolithic site 2.5(xiv) A Chalcolithic Site 2.5(xv) A site of Budhist Monastery. 2.5

(xvi) Painted Grey Ware site. 2.5(xvii) Site related to a famous Indian

History Uncategorized Question Paper – 2013

Philosopher. 2.5(xviii) Historical Rock cut caves. 2.5

(xix) Famous Fort. 2.5(xx) Capital of famous Kingdom 2.5

2. (a) Evaluate various views regardinghuman settlements as gleaned from the Vedicsources. 20

(b) Discuss the water management and itsconservation planning in the Harappan(Indus-Saraswati) cities. 20

(c) In the absence of a written scriptChalcolithic pottery gives us a fascinatinginsight into the culture and life style of thepeople of those times. Comment critically

15

3. (a) On the basis of contemporary sourcesassess the nature of banking and usuary inancient India. 15

(b) Social norms for women in theDharmasastra and Arthasastra traditionwere framed in accordance with theVarnashrma tradition. Evaluate critically.

20

(c) “The varna concept may always havebeen largely a theoretical model and neveran actual description of society.” Commentin the context of Ancient India. 15

4. (a) Evaluate the contribution of the Puranasis disseminating secular knowledge amongmasses in ancient India. 15






(b) Evaluate the ownership of land inancient India on the basis of literacy andepigraphic sources. 15

(c) Explain as to how the early BudhistStupa art, while using folk motifs andnarratives and common cultural symbols,succeeded in transforming these themes forexpounding the Budhist ideals. 20

Section-B

5. Write short notes in not more than 150 wordson each of the following: - 10 × 5 = 50

(a) Evaluate the Malfuzat texts as sourcesof medieval history.10

(b) Discuss the state of society andeconomy of the Bahmani kingdom asgleaned from historical sources. 10

(c) Give a sketch of Indian trade withEurope during the Mughal period. 10

(d) Analyze the steps taken by RaziaSultan to strengthen her position as anindependent ruler despite the variousobstacles. 10

(e) Bhakti and mysticism of Lal Debemerged as a social force in Kashmir.Comment 10

6. (a) Evaluate the conditions of industries inIndia from 1200 — 1500 CE. 20

(b) On the basis of contemporary sourcesevaluate the system of agriculture andirrigation of the Vijaynagar kingdom. 15

(c) Critically evaluate the educationaldevelopment during the Sultanate period.15

7. (a) On the basis of the accounts of Europeansbring out the agrarian crisis on the 17th

century CE India. 20

(b) Evaluate critically the conditions oflabour 1200-1500 CE on the basis ofhistorical sources. 15

(c) Discuss and evaluate critically varioustrends in the historiography of Bhakti. 15

8. (a) Analyze how the political process ofstate formation of Mewar from 10th – 15th

century CE was challenged in the 16th

century CE by the imperialist policy ofAkbar. 15

(b) Assess the Lekhapadhati as an importantsource for evaluating the society andeconomy of the thirteenth century CE withspecial reference to Gujarat. 15

(c) Assess the development of Science andTechnology in the Mughal period. 20

INDIAN HISTORY II—2013

Section-A


(a) “Duplex made a cardinal blunder inlooking for the key of India in Madras:Clive sought and found it in Bengal.”

(b) Swami Vivekananda opined that “Weshould give our ancient spiritualityand culture and get in return WesternScience, technology, methods of raisingthe standard of life, business integrityand technique of collective effort.”

(c) “Ryotwari falls into three stages – early,middle and late, and the onlydescription common to all is that it ismode of settlement with small farmers,so small, indeed, that their averageholding is, on recent figures, only about6.5 acres.”

(d) “Many of us who worked for theCongress programme lived in a kind ofintoxication during the year 1921. Wewere full the excitement and optimism.We had a sense of freedom and a pridein that freedom.”

(e) “Gandhi’s body is in jail but his soulin with you, India’s prestige is in yourhands, you must not use any violenceunder any circumstances. You will bebeaten but you must not resist; you must



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not raise a hand to ward off blows.”

2. (a) “Weaving”, says R. C. Dutt, “was thenational industry of the people spinning wasthe pursuit of millions of women.” Indiantextiles went to England and other parts ofEurope, to China and Japan and Burma andArabia and Persia and parts of Africa.Elucidate. 25

(b) “The first point to note is the continuingimportance of religion and philosophy asvital ingredients in the modern IndianRenaissance. Indeed, there is as much reasonfor regarding it as a reformation as there isfor treating it as a Renaissance.” Criticallyexamine. 25

3. (a) “At the dawn of the twentieth centuryLord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, was fullof hostility towards the Indian Congress andhe confidentially reported to the Secretaryof State in November 1900: My own belief isthat the Congress is tottering to its fall, andone of my greatest ambitions while in Indiais to assist it to a peaceful demise.” Examine.25

(b) “Thought the Act of 1919 was supersededby that of 1935, the preamble to the formerwas not repealed – the preservation of thesmile of the Cheshire cat after itsdisappearance, and the latter said nothingabout Dominion Status:” Elucidate. 25

4. (a) “Notwithstanding the quest formodernity and the antagonism that guidedNehru’s attitude towards the inequalitiesinherent in the social structure in rural India,the Congress Party did not carry out aconcerted campaign against discriminationbased on caste. Nehru’s own perception wasthe industrial growth was bound to breakthe stranglehold of this feudal remnant.This, however, did not happen in India”.Examine. 25

(b) “The reorganization resulted in

rationalizing the political map of Indiawithout seriously weakening its unity. Ifanything, its result has been functional, inas much at it removed what had been a majorsource of discord, and created homogeneouspolitical units which could be administeredthrough a medium that the vast majority ofthe population understood. Indeed, it canbe said with the benefit of hindsight thatlanguage, rather than being a force fordivision, has proved a commenting andintegrating influence.” Examine. 25

Section-B


(a) “For Kant, Enlightenment is mankind’sfinal coming of age, the emancipationof the human consciousness from animmature state of ignorance and error.”

(b) “Six hundred thousand men had died.The union was preserved, the slavesfreed. A nation ‘conceived in liberty anddedicated to the proposition that allmen are created equal’ had survived itsmost terrible ordeal.”

(c) “Colonialism not only deprives asociety of its freedom and its wealth,but of its very character, leaving itspeople intellectually and morallydisoriented.”

(d) “If the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution inRussia (that resulted in the creation ofthe Union of Soviet Republics or SovietUnion) inaugurated an internationalcompetition for the hearts and mindsof people all over the globe the ChineseRevolution raised the stakes of thestruggle.”

(e) “Decolonization has finished. Itdefinitely belongs to the past. Yetsomehow it has refused to becomehistory.”






6. (a) “In spite of the careful framing of theCharacter, the role of UNO as peacekeeperand international mediator has beensomewhat lackluster and muted and thatcontinues to be so even after the end of ColdWar.” Elucidate. 25

(b) “Change in Britain came comparativelypeacefully through democratic process in thefirst half of the nineteenth century and amodel of a functioning democracy throughballot box was successfully put in place.”Elaborate. 25

7. (a) “New imperialism was a nationalistic,not an economic phenomena.” Criticallyexamine. 25

(b) “By the 1980s the Communist system ofthe Soviet Union was incapable ofmaintaining the country’s role asSuperpower.” Elucidate. 25

8. (a) “The European Union is the new sickman of Europe”. Critically evaluate. 25

(b) “There must be an end to white monopolyon political power, and a fundamentalrestructuring of our political and economicsystems to ensure that the inequalities ofapartheid and addressed and our societythoroughly democratized.” Discuss 25






PAPER–I

1. Identify the following places marked on themap supplied to you and write a short noteof about 30 words on each of them in yourQuestion-cum Answer Booklet. Locationalhints for each of the places marked on themap are given below seriatim :

(i) An ancient capital(ii) A Palaeolithic site

(iii) A cultural centre(iv) An ancient capital(v) A Palaeolithic site

(vi) A historical site(vii) A Harappan site

(viii) An ancient capital(ix) A political and cultural centre(x) A Megalithic site

(xi) A Mesolithic site(xii) A Chalcolictic site

(xiii) A prehistoric site(xiv) A political and cultural centre(xv) An ancient

(xvi) A lost port(xvii) Rock-cave art centre

(xviii) An ancient capital(xix) A political and cultural centre(xx) An ancient town

2. (a) “While using the accounts of foreignwriters, historians must distinguish between

History Uncategorized Question Paper – 2014

statements based on hearsay and thosegrounded in perceptive observations.”Elaborate with examples.

(b) “The Upanishadic principles embody theepitome of the Vedic thought Discuss.

(c) Review critically the evolution of differentschools of art in the Indian subcontinentbetween the second century BCE and thethird century CE, and evaluate the socio-religious factors responsible for it.

3. (a) In what ways can the Megalithic culturebe considered a foundational phase of thehistory of peninsular India ?

(b) Do you think the Harappan civilizationhad a diversity of subsistence base ?

(c) Discuss different interpretations ofhistorians about the nature of Ashok’s‘Dhamma’. Did his principle of ‘Dhamma-vijaya’ render the Mauryan Empiremilitaristically weak?

4. (a) Buddha’s teachings to a large extentcould be helpful in understanding andresolving the problem of today’s society.Analyse critically.

(b) Discuss the provincial and districtadministrative units of the Gupta Empirewith the designations and functions of theofficers.

(c) What were the privileges granted to thedonees in land – grant charters of early






India? How far were these chartersresponsible for integration or disintegrationof socio-political milieu?

5. Answer the following question in about 150words each :

(a) Critically analyse the agriculturaleconomy from 750 to 1200 CE.

(b) Evaluate the contribution of Vaishnavasaints to the growth of medieval Bhaktiliterature.

(c) Analyse the ordinances mentioned byBarani which Alauddin Khaljipromulgated for market control.

(d) Give a brief account of resistanceoffered by Ahom State against theMughal rule.

(e) How was Cartaz system used by thePortuguese to maintain their controlover the oceanic trade?

6. (a) Evaluating various theories regarding theChola State, throw light on its villageassemblies.

(b) Trace the technological and stylisticdevelopment in the architecture of theSultanate period.

(c) Analyse the Mughal monetary systemand examine their policy of minting of coins.

7. (a) Evaluate the ‘Kitab al-Hind’ of Alberunias a source of history of India.

(b) Evaluating the theory of kingship of theSultanate, discuss the deviations seen in thereigns of different Sultans.

(C) “The Battle of Plassey that decided thefate of Bengal was won by Clive throughintrigues.” Explain.

8. (a) To what extent is ‘Sagmentary Statemodel relevant for defining the VijayanagarState? Critically examine.

(b) How are Iqta system of the Sultansdifferent from the Jagir system under theMughals?

(c) “India had been for hundreds of yearsthe Lancashire of the Eastern world.”Critically examine this view.

PAPER–II

1. (a) “Plassey did not complete the Britishconquest of India. Had the English beenconvincingly defeated in any subsequentbattle in India, then (the battle of) Plasseywould have remained as a minor episode inthe history of India.”

(b) “Montague-Chelmsford reformproposals introduced ‘dyarchy’ but blurredthe lines of responsibility.”

(c) “The military, feudal and traditionalovertones of the Revolt of 1857 wereovershadowed by its nationalist or proto-nationalist character.”

(d) “The ‘safely-valve thesis’ does notadequately explain the birth of the IndianNational Congress in 1885.”

(e) “M.K. Gandhi made a gross mistake inchampioning the Khilafat cause an extra-territorial issue which cut at the very rootsof Indian nationality.”

2. (a) “The Dual System of Government was acomplete failure from the outset. In the firstplace, the abuse of the private trade reacheda greater height than over. In the secondplace, the demands of the Company for theincrease led to gross oppression of thepeasantry.”

(b) “………….instead of rejecting the plan(Cabinet Mission Plan), they (the CongressLeadership) resorted to a half-bakedlegalistic stratagem to reserve their positionon its long-term arrangements and acceptedits short-term provisions.” Criticallyexamine.

(c) “Dalit Movements for empowerment inindependent India have essentially been forcarving out political space through electoralpolitics.” “iscuss.






3. (a) “Politics remained for the bulk of theModerates very much a part-time affair. TheCongress was not a political party, but anannual three-day show………” Elucidate.

(b) “The Anti-Partition Agitation (1909) hadan economic character in Bengal unlike theExtremist Agitation in Maharashtra whichhad a religious character.” Examine.

(c) “Sardar Patel accomplished a silentrevolution by ensuring the absorption andassimilation of a multitude of principalitieswithout shedding even a drop of blood.”Elucidate.

4. (a) “Though Sri Ramakrishna became theprophet of neo-Hinduism, he never claimedto have founded any new religion.”Elaborate.

(b) “Why did the British finally quit Indiaon 15th August. 1947? The Imperialistanswer is that independence was simply thefulfulment of Britain’s self-appointedmission to assist the Indian people to self-government.” Examine.

(c) To what extent did the FreedomMovement in India influence the LiberationMovement in Africa?

5. (a) “Rousseau strove to reconcile the libertyof the individual and the institution ofGovernment through a new vision of theContract-Theory of Government.”

(b) “The commercial and industrial interestscreated a veritable hothouse atmosphere inEurope for the establishment of colonies.”

(c) “Enlightened despots (Europe) were notnecessarily politically liberal.”

(d) “…………….the passing of the ‘ReformAct’ marked the real beginning of modernparty organization in England……… In areal sense, the present political system ofEngland dates from 1832.”

(e) “The Russo-Japanese War helped in therise of japan as great power.”

6. (a) “American Revolution seems to havecome with remarkable suddenness. A rosterof talented leaders emerged during 1763 to1775 to make it happen.” Elucidate.

(b) “If we were to define our conception ofthe States, our answer would be that theState is the banker of the poor. Thegovernment would finance and supervisethe purchase of productive equipments andthe formation of social workshops.” In lightof the above statements of Louis Blanc, throwlight on the Pre-Marxist Socialist Thoughtin Europe.

(c) To what extent did the expansion ofEuropean Powers in the late 19th centuryhelp in the modernization of Africa?

7. (a) “The Declaration of Rights was the death-warrant of the system of privilege, and so ofthe ancient regime………..Yet in the historyof ideas it belonged rather to the past than tothe future.” Examine.

(b) Critical examine the socio-cultural andeconomic impact of migration in Europe andAsia in the 18th and 19th centuries.

(c) Discuss the circumstances leading theSuez, Crisis of 1956 and examine itsrepercussions on global politics.

8. (a) “Europe was eclipsed through Europeanfolly due to the two world wars.” Elucidate.

(b) “The language of narrow nationalismheld at. Frankfurt destroyed the GermanRevolution; as the fatal idea ofaggrandizement of the House of Savoy.Destroyed the Italian Revolution.” Discuss.

(c) Discuss the nature of American overseasexpansion in Asia and explain theconsequences.



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