Romans Class Notes

Importance of the book• Augustine read Romans and was saved• Martin Luther studied Romans leading to the Protestant reformation “The Just shall live by

faith”

Introduction To Romans• The Author – The Apostle Paul

– Romans 1:1 Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,

• The Date of Writing– A.D. 57

Chronological Order of Paul’s Epistles• Galatians - A.D. 49• First and Second Thessalonians - A.D. 51• First and Second Corinthians - A.D. 56, 57• Romans - A.D. 57• Colossians - A.D. 60• Ephesians - A.D. 60• Philippians - A.D. 60• Philemon - A.D. 60• First Timothy - A.D. 64• Titus - A.D. 65• Second Timothy - A.D. 67

Place of Writing• Corinth

– Phebe was entrusted to carry the letter to Rome• Rom. 16:1-2• Cenchrea – Near Corinth

– Gaius – Paul’s host• Rom. 16:23• Convert at Corinth – 1 Cor. 1:14

Introduction to Romans• Location – Corinth

Church at Rome– Who started the church?

• Unknown– When did it start?

• Unknown– It was a strong church – (Rom. 1:8)

• It had existed for many years – (Rom. 15:23)• Had no major errors• Well organized• Jewish and Gentile believers

– Large population of believers

Occasion For Writing• Inform church of his intended visit (Rom. 1:10)• Present detailed gospel (Rom. 1:15)• Ease tensions between Jewish and Gentile believers• Correct rumors about his teaching (Rom. 3:8)

Theme• The Righteousness of God through faith

– Romans 1:16-17• 16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto

salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek. 17 For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.

What does righteousness mean?• Webster

– acting in accord with divine or moral law : free from guilt or sin– Right standing and right behavior within a community– Doing what is right

Righteousness of God• Needed by man

• Graciously given by God• Provides a standard for living to please God

Structure of Romans

ThemeThe Righteousness of God

The Revelation of the Righteousness of God The Vindication of the Righteousness of God

The Application of the Righteousness of God

Doctrinal Dispensational Practical

8 11 16

Intro(1:1-17)

Condemnation (1-3)Man’s need for God’s Righteousness

Justification(3-5)God’s Provision of righteousness in Christ

Sanctification(6-8)Believers need to Grow in Righteousness

Israel’s Rejection of God’s righteousness(9:30-10:21)

The Restoration of Israel by God (11:1-36)

Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Duties(12:1-13:14)

Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Liberties(14:1-15:13)

Conclusion(15:14-16:27)

Romans Chapter one• The Revelation of God’s Righteousness

Introduction 1:1-17• Paul describes himself

– Attitude - Servant of Jesus Christ– Authority- Called by God to be an apostle– Application - Separated unto the gospel– Why does he do this?– Give credibility to his message

What is the Gospel?• εὐαγγέλιον (euaggélion) –Good News

– Good News of God’s salvation for mankind– Death, Burial, Resurrection, and appearing of Jesus Christ

• 1 Corinthians 15:1-8• Paul’s Gospel given by revelation of Jesus

– Gal 1:12

Paul’s description of the gospel• Promised by Prophets in scriptures (v. 2)

– Isaiah 53:4-10 • Concerning His son, Jesus Christ (vs.3-4)

– Made of the seed of David – Humanity– Declared the Son of God - Deity

• By the resurrection• Applied to the believers in Rome (v.8-9)

– By faith– Reason for Paul’s prayers

Paul’s relationship to the gospel• Indebted (v.14)

– Morally bound to preach gospel to all– Barbarian – a man who speaks a foreign or strange language, a foreigner – non Greek

• Eager to preach (v. 15)– Ready – “Readiness of heart” eager to preach– Understood the importance of the gospel

• Not ashamed (v.16)– Power of God unto salvation– Available to everyone who believes

To the Jew First• The Jews were God’s Chosen People (11:1)• The custodians of God’s revelation (3:2)• The people through whom Christ came (9:5)• In Paul’s ministry he sought out the Jews first in every new city (Acts 13:5, 14; 14:1; 17:2, 10, 17;

18:4, 19; 19:8)

The Gospel• Paul’s life demonstrated he was not ashamed

– Imprisoned in Philippi (Acts 16:23, 24)– Chased out of Thessalonica (Acts 17:10)– Smuggled out of Berea (Acts 17:14)– Laughed at in Athens (Acts 17:32)– Regarded as a fool in Corinth (1 Cor. 1:18, 23)– Stoned in Galatia (Acts 14:19)

The Gospel• The Source of the Gospel – God• The Nature of the Gospel – Power• The Purpose of the Gospel – Salvation• The Scope of the Gospel – To everyone• The reception of the Gospel – Believe• The outcome of the Gospel – Live by faith

The Revelation of God’s Righteousness• Righteousness of God v. 17

– Righteousness that God provides for people on the basis of and in response to faith in the gospel (Rom. 3:22; Phil. 3:9)

• Righteousness is totally unachievable by human efforts• God is righteous.• God demands righteousness.• Man is unrighteous.• God provides righteousness.

Faith to Faith• From Faith

– We are saved from our sins by placing our faith in the gospel. • To Faith

– We also live each day of our lives but placing our faith in God.– True faith is not a single event but a way of life.

Just• Just (δίκαιος díkaios) • Same word translated “Right” or “Righteous”• One who conforms his or her life to the standards of God.

In response to faith, righteousness is: • Imputed by God in justification • Imparted progressively in regeneration and sanctification, • Culminating in glorification when standing and state become identical. •

“Religions are man’s search for God; the Gospel is God’s search for man. There are many religions, but one Gospel.”E. Stanley Jones

• Man’s need for God’s Righteousness•• Wrath - ὀργή – wrath or anger• An expression of God’s own righteousness and holiness reacting against man’s sinfulness, or

anything opposed to his moral character.• God never condemns without just cause.

The Need for God’s righteousness• In order to establish the need for God’s righteousness, man’s sin is given as evidence.

– The justice of God must punish sin. – The grace of God finds a way to save people from His punishment.

• Revelation of God’s wrath • ungodliness

– Lack of proper reverence for God – First half of 10 Commandments– Developed on verses 19-23

• unrighteousness

– Injustice relating to man’s conduct toward his fellow men – Second half of the 10 Commandments– Developed in verses 24-32

Reason for God’s wrathThe greater picture Paul paints of man depraved and sinful condition the greater picture he paints of the power of God to save mankind from their sins. More sin found in man, the more the powerful nature of God’s grace is displayed.

• Reasons for condemnation (1:18-23)– For suppressing God’s truth (1:18)– For ignoring God’s revelation (1:19-20)– For perverting God’s glory (1:21-23)

For suppressing God’s truth (1:18)• Hold – κατέχω - hold down, quash, suppress• People had God’s truth but suppressed it, refusing to heed it.

– Romans 1:25– Romans 2:8

• Refuse to acknowledge God

For ignoring God’s revelation (1:19-20)• Knowledge of God is manifest in creation

– eternal power – Godhead

• Knowledge of God is manifest in conscience– Rom. 2:14-15

God’s revelation• General

– The heavens declare the glory of God. (Psalm 19, Rom 1:19)– The conscience of Man (Rom. 2:15)

• Special – God’s revealed word the Scriptures (2 Tim 3:16-17)– God’s resurrected Son (Living word) (John 1:1)

For perverting God’s glory (1:21-23)• Darkness

– Instead of wisdom foolishness

• Σοφός – (philosophy – Love of wisdom) Wise• Μωραίνω – (Moron) Foolish

– Emptiness – vanity (Ecclesiastes)– Instead of worship of creator they worshiped the creation (Idolatry) v25

Results of condemnation (1:24-32)• Abandoned to fornication (1:24-25)• Abandoned to sexual perversion (1:26-27)• Abandoned to depraved lifestyle (1:28-32)

God gave them up• Repeated phrase (vv. 24, 26, 28)• παραδίδωμι - To deliver over or up to the power of someone.

– 1 Corinthians 5:5 To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.

– 1 Timothy 1:20 Of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme.

Abandoned to fornication (1:24-25)• Uncleanness

– Lusts of hearts• Dishonor

– Their own bodies– Moral disintegration in society is the consequence of rejecting God.

• People are creatures of God and can find true fulfillment only in worshiping and obediently serving God the Creator.

Abandoned to sexual perversion (1:26-27)• Vile - Dishonor, disgrace• Affections - Passion, lust• Sexual perversion – using our bodies in ways contrary to God’s intent

Abandoned to depraved lifestyle (1:28-32)• They put God out of their minds.

– When God is rejected man’s mind is filled with evil.• They failed to honor God which resulted in failure to honor one another.• The result was havoc.

Specific types of wickedness• full of envy – discontent with another possessions or advantage• murder• debate – Contention, strife• deceit –a bait or snare• malignity –Ill will, cruel ways• whisperers – secret slanders• Backbiters – open slanders• haters of God • despiteful - insulting• proud – one who swaggers• boasters• inventors of evil things• disobedient to parents• Without understanding• Covenant-breakers• without natural affection• implacable – unable to be satisfied• Unmerciful• Defiance toward God (1:32)• Knew the judgment – consequence - death• Continued in their defiant rebellion• Encourages other to join them•• Romans 6:23 For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ

our Lord. •

Judgment on the gentilesGUILTYDEATH

Part One: The Revelation of the Righteousness of God (1:1–8:39)• Condemnation:

– The Need for God’s Righteousness 1:18-3:20• Guilt of the Gentile 1:18-32• Guilt of the Jews 2:1-3:8

– Romans 3:23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;

• The Guilt of the JewsRomans 2:1-3:8

Divine Judgment• Key word in 2:1-16 is Judge – Κρίνω

– To separate, distinguish, discriminate between good and evil, select, choose out the good.

– Used 10 times in these verses

Judgment contrasted• Man’s judgment

– Self righteousness– Judgment based on actions of others

• God’s judgment– God’s righteousness – Judgment based on:

• Truth – 2:2-4• Impartiality – 2:5-16

• Man’s Judgments v. 1• Man judges those around himself but fails to judge himself.• Man’s standard of judgment is based on the behavior of others.

– If your standard is faulty then your judgment will be wrong.• Man is blind to his own wrongs.• God’s Judgment is based on Truth

(v.2-4)

God’s Word is truth, the true standard of measure of right and wrong.• John 17:17, Romans 2:16• There is an objective standard of conduct.• Confusion with the patience of God

(v. 4)• Lack of consequences does not indicate lack of guilt. (Ecc. 8:11)• God desire all to repent and turn back to Him. (2 Peter 3:9)

The Patience of God (v. 4)• God’s goodness

– Holding forth his grace.• God’s forbearance

– Holding back his wrath.• God’s longsuffering

– Waiting for the perfect time

God’s Nature• God is a gracious God

– He has a way for men to escape the punishment through Jesus Christ.• God is a Just God

– He must punish evil and reward good.

God’s Judgment is based on Impartiality (v.5-16)• God judgment is based on man’s Deeds v6

– Believers, who keep on seeking to do good, will inherit eternal life.– Those who do not obey the truth will inherit the wrath of God.– Romans 2:11 For there is no respect of persons with God.

Obtaining Eternal Life• Romans 2:6 Who will render to every man according to his deeds: • Paul is NOT saying one can be saved through good works! • A person’s habitual conduct, whether good or evil, reveals the condition of his heart. • Salvation is only by grace through faith.

– Rom. 6:23; 10:9-10; 11:6; Eph. 2:8-9; Titus 3:5

Day of Wrath• Certainty of Judgment• There is coming a day of judgment. (v. 5)

– Great White throne – Rev 20: 11-15– God’s Judgment is based on Impartiality (v. 12)

Jews– With the law– Gentiles– Without the law– (written in their hearts)– Not the hearers but the doers will be justified.

Condemnation against unfaithful Jews (2:17-3:8)• Because of their hypocrisy (2:17-24)• Because of their trust in rites (2:25-29)• Because of their unbelief (3:1-8)

their hypocrisy (2:17-24)• Condemnation against unfaithful Jews (2:17-3:8)• Jewish Privileges v17-18• Called a Jew – chosen people of God• Restest in the law – Special revelation given by God• Makest thy boast of God –Glory in their covenantal relationship with God• Knowest his will – Future blessing for Israel• Approvest the things that are more excellent• Instructed out of the law

Jewish Relationship to Gentiles• A guide of the blind• A light of them which are in darkness• An instructor of the foolish• A teacher of babes• Hast the form of knowledge and of the truth in the law.

Jewish Condemnations:• Teachest thou not thyself?• Dost thou steal?• Dost thou commit adultery? • Dost thou commit sacrilege?

– Take to one’s own private use what is consecrated to God• Through breaking the law dishonourest thou God?

– do we understand what sin really is?

Result of Jewish behavior v24• The name of God is blasphemed

– Blasphemy• To hurt the reputation or smite with reports or words, speak evil of, slander, rail

– their trust in rites (2:25-29)

Condemnation against unfaithful Jews (2:17-3:8)

What was the purpose of Circumcision?• Sign of God’s covenant with Israel

– Genesis 17:11 And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you.

Circumcision became Uncircumcision • Obedience must follow the sign

– Romans 2:25 For circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision.

– Circumcision is useless without personal righteousness• Even though a Jewish man was circumcised, through his disobedience, he was considered as if

he was uncircumcised in God’s eyes.

Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #1 v1

– What advantage then hath the Jew? (2:17-29)– or – what profit is there of circumcision? (2:25-29)

• Answer– Oracles - means the declarations or Word of God– God gave them promises and commands in his Word to them.

• Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #2 v3

– Because of the Jews unbelief, does this demonstrate that God is unfaithful to his Word?– Answer– God forbid - μὴ γένοιτο – “Let it never be”– Though some Jews did not believe, evidenced by their sinful conduct (2:21-23, 25), God

remains faithful to His Word.– (Deut. 7:9; 1 Cor. 1:9; Heb. 10:23; 11:11; 1 Peter 4:19)

• Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #3 v5

– If the unrighteousness of the Jews causes the God’s Righteousness to shine brighter, why does God judge me?

• Answer– God forbid - μὴ γένοιτο – “Let it never be”– If God cannot Judge the Jew he cannot judge the world.

• Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)

• Objection #4 v7– If God’s truthfulness is shown more through my lie, How can the Jew be judged when it

brings about good?– The end justifies the means.– Let us do evil that good may come!

• Answer– God forbid - μὴ γένοιτο – “Let it never be”– Man tries to justify his own sinful behaviors– Part One: The Revelation of the Righteousness of God (1:1–8:39)

• Condemnation: – The Need for God’s Righteousness 1:18-3:20

• Guilt of the Gentile 1:18-32• Guilt of the Jews 2:1-3:8• Conclusion: All Are Guilty before God 3:9-20

Universal Condemnation• Gentiles (pagan)• Ungodliness – Sins against God (1:21-23)• Unrighteousness – Sins against man – (1:24-32)• Jews (religious)• Ungodliness – Sins against God (2:23)• Unrighteousness – Sins against man – (2:22)

The Universal charge against Jew and Gentile

• Romans 3:9 What then? are we better than they? No, in no wise: for we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they are all under sin;

All Under Sin• No one is righteous

– Rom 3:10-12 - Ps. 14:1-3 • Not righteous in their words – Deadly effects of words

– Rom 3:13a – Ps. 5:9 – Rom 3:13b – Ps. 140:3 – Rom 3:14 – Ps. 10:7

• Not righteous in their conduct – Violent actions result

– Rom 3:15 –17 – Isa. 59:7-8• Not righteous in sight – Failure to fear and reverence God is the root of all sin.

– Rom 3:18 - Ps. 36:1

Conclusion to the Argument (3:19-20)• What is the Purpose of the Law? (Mosaic Law)

– The Mosaic Law is an instrument, not of justification, but of condemnation.– It provides us with a knowledge of Sin – God’s Holy Standard of Righteousness. (v. 20)

Two false teachings eliminated• Romans 3:22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon

all them that believe: for there is no difference:• Limited Atonement – “unto all”

– Not just the elect are saved• Universalism – “upon all that believe”

– Only those who believe will be saved.

Justification v. 24• Key to understanding this section is to understand Justification.

– What does righteousness mean? • To do what is right.

– What does justification mean?• To declare righteous

Justification• Just as if I had never sinned • The righteousness of God is imputed to me

– As righteous as God is, that righteousness is now mine in Christ by faith in the finished work of Christ on the cross.

– Philippians 3:9 And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:

Old Testament Witnesses• Law

– Foreshadowed through the Temple priesthood and offerings• Prophets

– Foretold by their writings – (Isa. 53; Lk. 24:25-27; Jn. 5:46; 1 Pet. 1:10, 11).

Definitions• Justification

– To be declared as righteous – One who was unrighteous is considered righteous before God by faith in Jesus Christ

• Grace (Used 24x in Romans)– God’s unmerited favor – One who receives salvation when they only deserve damnation

• Redemption– To be released from bondage through a payment – Christ paid my sin debt (ransom) on the cross

• Propitiation (Translated mercyseat in Heb. 9:5)– To satisfy by a sacrifice, to appease – The death of Christ fully satisfied all the righteous demands of God toward the sinner.– My sin debt has been PAID IN FULL

• Remission– The putting aside of our sins, without punishment

Means of Justification• 3:22 – Which is by faith of Jesus Christ• 3:25 – Through faith in His blood• 3:26 – which believeth in Jesus• 3:27 – Law of faith• 3:28 – Justified by faith without the deeds of the law• 3:30 – justify circumcision and uncircumcision by faith

Just and the Justifier• Just (δίκαιος díkaios) - “Right” or “Righteous”

– One who conforms his or her life to the standards of God.– God is Just, He does what is right (Rewards good and punishes evil)

• Justifier – One who declares righteous

• Only through Jesus death, paying our sin debt, could God be both Just and the Justifier

Law (works) vs. Faith• Romans 3:20 Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for

by the law is the knowledge of sin. • Obedience to the Law does not bring justification.• The Law brings the knowledge of sin. • Romans 3:28 Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the

law. • Man is justified by faith not by the law

Justification• God’s provision of righteousness in Christ 3:21-5:21

– Description of Righteousness 3:12-31– Illustration of Righteousness 4:1-25

Illustration of Righteousness 4:1-25

Two Witnesses• How was Abraham saved?• Two Choices

– By keeping the Law• He would receive glory

– Through Faith• God would receive the glory (Rom. 3:27 – “no boasting”)

• One answer– By faith (Genesis 15:6, Galatians 3:6)– Romans 4:3 - Abraham believed God

To Count or To Reckon • To add something to someone's account

– accounting term• Adam's sin is imputed to us.

– (Rom. 3:23, 5:12; 1 Cor. 15:22) • Our sins are imputed onto Christ.

– (Isa. 53:5; Heb. 2:9; 2 Cor. 5:14) • Christ’s righteousness reckoned to us.

– (Phil. 3:9; 2 Cor. 5:21)

Example of David (4:6-8)• What great sins did David commit?

– Adultery– Murder

• Was David justified by keeping the Law?– No, he was a law breaker.

• How was David Justified?– By the imputation of “righteousness without works”– By faith

Justification apart from Circumcision• When was Abraham saved?

– Genesis 15:6 And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness. • At this point Abraham was around 85 years old and childless.

– Genesis 17:24 And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.

• In this passage Abraham is 99

Abraham’s Faith• He was not weak in faith despite insuperable odds (v. 19)• He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief (v. 20a)• He was strong in faith (v. 20b)• He was fully persuaded God has the ability to do what He had said (v. 21)

Benefits of Righteousness 5:1-11• Benefits of Righteousness• Present:

– Peace with God (5:1-5)• Past:

– Powerlessness of Sinners (5:6-8)• Future:

– Escape from God’s Wrath (5:9-11)

Present: Results of Justification• We have peace (v. 1) • We have access to God's grace (v.2a)

• We rejoice in the hope of the glory of God (v. 2b) • We have ability to glory in tribulations (v. 3)

Past: God’s Love for us as sinners• First, we were powerless (6a)

– We were helpless to rescue ourselves.• Secondly, we were ungodly (6b)

– Instead of loving God with all our being, we have rebelled against him. (1:21)• Thirdly, we were sinners (8)

– we had departed from the way of righteousness, fallen short of God’s standards and missed the target.

• Fourthly, we were God’s enemies’ (10)

Future: Escape from God’s Wrath• Justified by his blood (v. 9a)

– Hebrews 9:22 And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission.

• Saved from wrath (v. 9b)– Romans 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and

unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness; • Reconciled to God (v. 10, 11)

– Romans 5:10 For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life.

Definition• Reconciled (Romans 5:10)

– The removal of enmity that stands between people and God. (Col. 1:21). – The basis of restored fellowship between people and God (2 Cor. 5:20-21).

• Redemption – Pertains to sin [Release] – (3:24; 1 Cor. 1:30; Gal. 3:13; Eph. 1:7);

• Propitiation – Pertains to God [Satisfied] – (Rom. 3:25; 1 John 2:2; 4:10);

• Reconciliation – Pertains to Believers [Restoration] – (Rom. 5:10-11; 2 Cor. 5:18-20; Col. 1:22)– Totally the work of God, accomplished through the death of Jesus Christ unto Believers. – We were Reconciled

Contrast of Righteousness and Condemnation 5:12-21• Result of Adam’s sin• Romans 5:12 …by one man sin entered into the world…• One Man

– Adam, the first man• Sin - ἁμαρτία hamartía

– An offense in relation to God (Gen 3:6)– To miss the mark

• Entered - εἰσέρχομαι eisérchomai– Entered into– The world was perfect before this time

Result of Adam’s sin• Romans 5:12 …and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:• Death

– God’s penalty for sin (Gen. 2:16-17)– Both Spiritual and physical

• Passed– Spread through– As sin entered the human race, death followed after

• All men, all have sinned– Adam’s sin had consequences for the entire human race.– The entire human race is viewed as having sinned in the one act of Adam’s sin

The participation of the human race in the sin of Adam• Federal Headship of Adam

– Representative– Adam’s act of sin was considered by God to be the act of all people and his penalty of

death was judicially made the penalty of everybody.• Natural or Seminal Headship of Adam

– Physically in Adam– The entire human race was seminally and physically in Adam, the first man. As a result

God considered all people as participating in the act of sin which Adam committed and as receiving the penalty he received.

•

To put it another way• Why do people need salvation (1:18—3:20)

– Ungodliness, unrighteousness

• How we can receive it (3:21—5:21)– Justification by faith (Positional Sanctification)

• What we can do about the power of in in our lives. (6-8)– Progressive Sanctification

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23• Justification is the act of God whereby a sinner is declared to be righteous positionally before

God.– the guilt or the penalty of sin is removed, not the power of sin in this life.

• Sanctification is that process that begins in us at the moment of justification whereby we work, with God’s help, to become more and more like Christ, striving to remove the power of sin from our lives.

Sanctification• Become in experience what you already are by God’s grace.

• Charles Ryrie

A comparison• Justification • is an act of God alone• is the means• removes the guilt and penalty of sin• works for us• declares us righteous• furnishes the track which leads to

heaven• positional

• Sanctification• is a work of both God and me• is the end• removes the growth and power of sin• works in us• makes us righteous.• furnishes the train.• practical

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23• Question 1• Romans 6:1 What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin, that grace may abound?• Romans 5:20 Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin

abounded, grace did much more abound:

• Answer• No

– God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– The believer is “Dead to sin” (6:11)– The believer is “freed from sin” (6:7)– The believer should not live a lifestyle of sin

• 1 John 1:6

What does it mean to be dead to sin?• Separation from sin’s power, not the extinction of sin.

– Being dead to sin means being “set free from sin”– Sin no longer has dominion over us. Rom 6:14– No longer a debtor to sin

• We have victory over sin through Jesus Christ

– Dead to sin

Illustrated by Baptism vs. 3-4– Two kinds of Baptism

• Spirit Baptism – 1 Corinthians 12:13, Galatians 3:27 – Identifies us with Christ– baptized (placed) into Christ

• Water Baptism- Acts 2:41– Pictures our identification with Christ

Dead to sin• Illustrated by Baptism vs. 3-4

– Baptism identifies us with Christ• Death to the old sinful life Col 2:6-12• Resurrection to the new life

• Illustrated by Crucifixion• Put off the old man – “is crucified” - finished

– Death hath no more dominion over him. v. 9– Died unto sin once v. 10

• Put on the new man – “not serve sin”– Freed from sin

Alive unto Christ• Rather, walk in the newness of life v. 4• Alive unto God v. 11

– Three Commands• Let not sin reign v. 12• Do not yield you members v. 13a• Yield yourselves unto God v. 13b

Progressive Sanctification• Romans 6:11 Likewise reckon ye also yourselves to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God

through Jesus Christ our Lord.Since God has united us with Christ we should "consider," "count," or "reckon" ourselves as those who are not under the dominating influence of sin any longer.

The Christian’s Enemies• Problem • The World (1 John 2:15-17)

– List of the flesh– Lust of the eyes– Pride of life

• The Flesh– Rom 7:18-24

• The Devil– 1 Peter 5:8

• Solution

• Flee– 1 Timothy 6:11– 2 Tim 2:22– Deny– Romans 6:12-13– Romans 8:13

• Resist– 1 Peter 5:9

Victory over sin• Knowing – v. 6

– The old man is dead. We have victory over sin.• Reckoning – v. 11

– To know something is true and then, living daily in light of that truth.• Yielding – v. 13

– To present or place at disposal. – Don’t be used of the Devil, but be used of God to do his righteous deeds.

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23• Question 2• Romans 6:15 What then? shall we sin, because we are not under the law, but under grace? God

forbid. • Answer• No

– God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– We are no longer servants of sin, it is not our master• Sin leads to death

– We are servants of God• Righteousness

Who do you obey? (Rom 6:16-23)• Disobedience (sin)• Slaves to sin• Old Way (Before Christ)• No Fruit• Ashamed• Servants of Satan• Everlasting Death

• Obedience (Holiness)• Slaves to righteousness• New Way (With Christ)• Fruit to holiness• Servants of God• Everlasting Life

Our relationship to sin• We are dead to sin

– Sin has no power over us v. 2 – We are now alive to God v. 10.– We need to live as those who are dead to sin v. 12

• We are no longer servants of sin– Christ has set us free from our former bondage to sin v. 17– Servants of righteousness v. 18, God v. 22– We need to bear fruit toward righteousness

Sanctification and the Law 7:1-25• The purpose of the Law• The Law condemns the sinner (3:19)• The law give a knowledge of sin (3:20)• The Law defines sin as transgression (4:15; 5:13; 5:20 cf. Gal. 3:19)• The Law brings wrath (4:15)

Freedom from the Law (7:1-6)• Death brings release from all contractual obligations. • Through Christ the believer is freed from the law (dead) to serve in the newness of the spirit.• This change results in bringing forth fruit unto God rather than bringing forth fruits unto death.• We have been released from the obligation of the Law to serve God out of love.

– Under the law, we kept the commandments as a obligation.– Under grace we keep the commandments out of a heart of gratitude for God.

• Romans 7:6

Sin and the Law• Romans 6 • (freedom from sin) • We died to sin (6:2)• We have been freed from sin (6:7, 18)• We have also shared in Christ’s

resurrection (6:4–5)• We now live in newness of life (6:4)• We bear fruit which leads to holiness

(6:22),

• Romans 7• (freedom from the law)• We died to the law (7:4). • We have been released from the law

(7:6). • We belong to him who was raised from

the dead (7:4)• We now serve in newness of Spirit (7:6). • We bear fruit to God (7:4).

•

• Question 3• Romans 7:7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by

the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet. • Answer• No

– God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– The Law identifies sin in my life.– The Law is holy, just, and good (v. 12)

• Question 4• Romans 7:13a Was then that which is good made death unto me? • Answer• No

– God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– sin by the commandment might become exceeding sinful. – Law showed me God’s Holy standard and my need of salvation.

Saved or unsaved? (7:14-24)• We know that the law is spiritual (vs. 14)• I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing (vs. 18)• I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil is present. (vs. 21)• There is a constant struggle with sin• It would be as strange for unregenerate people to want eagerly to do what is good as for

regenerate people to confess that they cannot do it (15–19).• How can a regenerate person, who has been set free from sin (6:18, 22; 8:2), describe himself as

still its slave and prisoner (7:14, 23–25)? • And how can an unregenerate person, who is hostile to God’s law (8:7), declare that he delights

in it (7:22)?

Summary• Why does the sinner need to be saved?

– Condemnation (Rom. 3:23)• How is the sinner saved?

– Justification by faith (Rom. 5:1)• What happens after the sinner gets saved?

– Sanctification (Rom. 6:11)

Sanctification and the Spirit 8:1-39

Eight Certainties (Romans 8)• The Believer Has A New

– Position (8:1–4)– Guest (8:5–11)– Responsibility (8:12-13)– Family (8:14–17)– Expectation (8:18–25)– Prayer Helper (8:26, 27)– Knowledge (8:28)– Assurance (8:29–39)

New Position (8:1–4)• No Condemnation

– God will never condemn a believer to an eternity separate from Himself due to our sins. • The reason – The believer is in Christ Jesus.

– The Savior has suffered the consequences of our sins as our substitute. – He has paid the price of death for our sins.

– In Christ (united with Him Rom. 6:3)

New Guest (8:5–11)• The ministry of the indwelling Holy Spirit of God is the source of divine power for sanctification

and the secret for spiritual victory in daily living. • The Spirit of God dwell in believers

– New way of thinking (vs. 5-8)• New Creature - 2 Corinthians 5:17• Crucified with Christ - Galatians 2:20• Filled with the Spirit – Ephesians 5:18

• Definitions• Flesh/ Carnally minded

– sin dominated life• Spirit/ Spiritually minded

– Spirit controlled life

Conflict between the Natures• Flesh – Carnal minded • Do the things of the flesh• Death (Physical/Spiritual)

– Enmity against God– Not subject to the Law

• Cannot please God• Does not have the Spirit of God

• Does not belong to God• Spirit minded • Do the things of the Spirit• Life and peace

– Can please God• Spirit of God dwells in them• Belongs to God

•

• The Spirit of God dwell in believers– New way of thinking (vs. 5-8)

• New Creature - 2 Corinthians 5:17 – Evidence of salvation (vs. 9)

• Earnest of our inheritance - Ephesians 1:13-14• Romans 8:16, 1 John 4:13

– New Life (vs. 10-11)• New fruit – Galatians 5:19-21• New Walk - Galatians 5:25

– If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit. • Galatians 5:19-21 • Adultery• Fornication• Uncleanness

• Lasciviousness• Idolatry• Witchcraft

• Hatred• Variance• Emulations• Wrath• Strife• Seditions

• Heresies• Envyings• Murders• drunkenness • Revellings

• Galatians 5:22-23 • Love• Joy• Peace• Longsuffering• Gentleness

• Goodness• Faith• Meekness• Temperance

New Responsibility (8:12-13)• Mortify the deeds of the body

– Romans 8:13 For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live.

• Mortify – put to death, Subdue evil desires– Galatians 5:16 This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfill the lust of the

flesh. • We must strive together with the Holy Spirit to defeat the evil desires of the flesh.

Relationship to the Spirit• V. 1 Walk after the Spirit• V. 9 Ye are in the Spirit• V. 9 Spirit of God dwells in you• V. 14 Led by the Spirit of God• Allow the in dwelling Holy Spirit to lead and guide you through life.

New Family (8:14–17)• Adopted sons of God (v. 23)

– Enjoy an intimate relationship with God• Abba – “daddy”

– Recipients of all spiritual blessings and the riches of the kingdom of God• Heirs of God, Joint-heirs with Christ

– Identification of Christ’s sufferings• John 15:20• 2 Timothy 3:12

NT Adoption• In a Roman legal ceremony concerning adoption:

– All former rights in the old family were lost and all rights in the new family were immediately granted.

– The law recognized the adopted son as a blood-son. – An adopted son could not be disinherited, but became joint heirs with the other blood-

children.

New Expectation (8:18–25)• Our future glory will outweigh our earthly sufferings.• All creation also awaits the return of Christ• This expectation provides hope through the challenges of life.

New Prayer Helper (8:26, 27)• Spirit also helpeth our infirmities

– The Holy Spirit intercedes for us.• Intercession – praying on behalf of someone

– Groans – expressing feelings without words– According to the will of God.

New Knowledge (8:28)• All things work together for good.

– To them that love God– To them that are called according to his purpose.

New Assurance (8:29–39)• God is for us v. 31

– Predestined to be conformed to the image of his son. (v. 29-30)– Provided salvation through Christ’s death on the cross. (v. 32)– Justified us. (v. 33)– Jesus atoned for our sins. (v. 34)– Jesus intercedes for us. (v. 34)– Nothing shall separate us from the love of God.

What about Israel?

Part Two: The Vindication of the Righteousness of God (9-11)– Israel’s Past : The Election of God 9:1-29– Paul’s Sorrow 9:1-5– God’s Sovereignty 9:6-29

Israel’s Past (9:4-5)– The Adoption– (Ex 4:22; Dt. 7:6; Amos 3:2; Isa 66:22) – The Glory– No other nation enjoyed God's presence like the Jews. – The Covenants– Abrahamic – Palestinian, Davidic New; Mosaic– The Giving of the Law– No other nation was spoken to directly, except in a warning, other than Israel. To be

entrusted with the Law, was a great thing. – The Service of God– The word used here refers to the religious ordinances connected with the temple-

worship. – The Promises– His salvation promises were lodged in Abraham; His kingdom promises were lodged in

David. – The Fathers– Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. – The Christ – In this verse we see a great statement concerning the Deity of Christ. He is over all, and

called God blessed for ever.

Two Principles– We don't become a Spiritual Jew in order to enjoy God's salvation in Christ. Israel as a

nation has been temporarily set aside as the Vessel of divine blessing to the world. – The Gentiles (as set forth in chapter 11) now have the privileged place, while Jew and

Gentile alike are able to come individually to a heavenly inheritance.

God’s Sovereignty 9:6-29– God has not been unfaithful in His promises toward Israel.– vs. 6-7

– Scripture foretold of a temporary rejection, thus allowing the Gospel to come to the Gentiles.

– Hosea 2:23, Isaiah 53:3; Psalm 35:11,19; Psalm 22:7,8; Psalm 69:9 – God's sovereign choice to choose one over the other does not make Him unrighteous or

unfair. – Jacob vs. 11-13– Moses v. 15– Pharaoh v. 17– Clay to the potter vs. 20-21– The individuals could have still believed the word of God.– Rahab - Jericho– Ruth - Moab

Purpose of God– Romans 9:23 And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of

mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory, – Ephesians 2:7 That in the ages to come he might shew the exceeding riches of his grace

in his kindness toward us through Christ Jesus.

Israel’s Present: The Rejection of God 9:30-10:21– Israel Seeks Righteousness by Works 9:30-33

• Sought righteousness not through faith but through keeping the Law. • James 2:10• Romans 3:20

– Inclusion of the Gentiles by Faith• Sought righteousness through faith in Christ• Ephesians 2:11-14

– Israel Rejects Christ 10:1-15– Sought to establish their own righteousness by keeping the law.– Christ is the end of the Law (Purpose-Goal)– Galatians 3:24 Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ, that

we might be justified by faith. – Salvation by Faith was always God’s plan– Confess - Acknowledge, say the same thing– An acknowledgement that Jesus is God.– Believe in heart – faith in Christ’s atonement– Jesus death has paid the price for my sin.– Rom. 6:23– Process– Israel’s failure– The Jews had a system of doing (v. 3)

– Keeping the Law = Righteousness– Would need to keep whole law perfectly (Lev.18:5)– God had a system of believing (v.4, 9)– Christ is the end of the Law– Belief in Christ = Righteousness of God– Israel Seeks Righteousness by Works 9:30-33– Israel Rejects Christ 10:1-15– Israel Rejects the Prophets 10:16-21– Have they not heard? (v. 18)– Yes they have – All the earth, Ends of the world– Have they not understood? (v.19)– Yes they have but the message was rejected.– Gentile heard, understood, and believed.– Structure of Romans– The Revelation of God’s Righteousness (1-8)– Romans 1-3– All humanity stands guilty before God. (Rom. 3:23)– Romans 4-5– All humanity can stand righteous before God by faith. (Rom. 5:1)– Romans 6-8– All Christians must not let sin reign in your body.– (Rom. 6:11)– The Vindication of God’s Righteousness (9-11)– Israel’s Past: 9:1-29– The Election of Israel by God – Israel’s Present: 9:30-10:21– The Rejection of God by Israel – Israel’s Future: 11:1-36– The Restoration of Israel by God– Israel’s Future:

The Restoration by God 11:1-36– The Rejection is not Total (11:1-10)– Paul responded by faith to Jesus Christ.– God preserved 7000 in the day’s of Elijah.– A remnant of Jews have responded to God’s offer of Grace. – There is a believing minority and a blinded majority.– Israel’s Future :

The Restoration by God 11:1-36– The Rejection is not Final (11:11-32)– The Present “Grafting” of Gentiles (11:11-24)– The Future Deliverance of Israel (11:25-32)

– Israel’s Future : The Restoration by God 11:1-36

– Israel’s Restoration: The Occasion for Glorifying God 11:33-36– Doxology: In Praise of God’s Wisdom (11:33-36)– Review– In chapter 9 – God's past grace in choosing Israel as a vessel that would honor Him in a special way. – In chapter 10– Israel's present refusal to respond to His provision of Jesus Christ by faith. – In chapter 11– God's future plans for the nation that, when accomplished, will fully vindicate His

righteousness.– Structure of Romans– Part Three: The Application of the Righteousness of God (12:1–16:27)– Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Duties – 12:1-13:14– Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Liberties – 14:1-15:13– Conclusion 15:14-16:27– Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Duties 12:1-13:14– Responsibilities Toward God 12:1-2– Responsibilities Toward Society 12:3-21– Responsibilities Toward Government 13:1-7– Responsibilities Toward Neighbors 13:8-14– Responsibilities Toward God 12:1-2– Present your bodies a living sacrifice.– Voluntary - ye present – Complete - your bodies (All of us – every part)– Mind – How we think– Eyes – what we look at– Hands – what we do– Feet – where we go– Sacrificial – an acceptable living sacrifice (1 Peter 2:5)– Spiritual Sacrifices– 1 Peter 2:5 Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to

offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. – Our Possessions – Phil 4:18– Our Praise -Heb. 13:15-16 – Our Person Rom. 12:1-2– Our Prayers -Rev. 5:8– Responsibilities Toward God 12:1-2– Do not be Conformed to this world

– Eph. 4:22-29 - Put off & put on– Col. 3:5-10 - Mortify (Rom 8:13)– 1 John 2:15-17 - Love not the world– Be transformed.– Renewing of your mind– Knowing the will of God (discernment)– Good– Acceptable– Perfect– Responsibilities Toward Society 12:3-21– Mind of service (Rom. 12:3)– Humility (Pride, the enemy of true righteousness)– Lowliness of mind - Phil. 2:3– Means for service (Rom. 12:4-8)– God, through the Holy Spirit, has equipped every believer with gifts to serve in the

Church.– It is God’s work using God’s gifts, no reason for pride.– Spiritual Gifts– Romans 12 – prophesying– ministering– teaching– exhorting– giving– ruling– showing of mercy– 1 Corinthians 12 – word of wisdom– word of knowledge – faith – gifts of healing – working of miracles– Prophecy– discerning of spirits– divers kinds of tongues– interpretation of tongues– Responsibilities Toward Society 12:3-21– Mind of service (Rom. 12:3)– Means for service (Rom. 12:4-8)– Manor of service (Rom. 12:9-21)– With those inside God’s Family (vs. 9-16)– Paul’s Recipe for Love in service

– Sincerity - Let love be without dissimulation (hypocrisy)– Discernment - Abhor that which is evil– Affection - Be kindly affectioned one to another – Honour - preferring one another– Enthusiasm – fervent in spirit– Patience - Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation– Generosity - Distributing to the necessity of saints– Hospitality - given to hospitality– Good Will – Bless them which persecute you– Sympathy - Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep– Harmony - Be of the same mind one toward another– Humility -condescend to men of low estate– Responsibilities Toward Society 12:3-21– Manor of service (Rom. 12:9-21)– With those inside God’s Family (vs. 9-16)– Serve by means of Love– With those outside God’s Family (vs. 17-21)– 2. Do not repay anyone evil for evil (17)– 3. Do not take revenge (19)– 4. Do not be overcome by evil (21)– Quote: Our own evil is infinitely more detrimental to us than is the evil done to us by

others. – v. 20 thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head. – Symbol of judgment – as we serve them their judgment will increase.– Is this overcoming evil with good?– Symbol of shame and remorse– Rebuked by kindness– Symbol of penitence– Change of mind which takes place as a result of a deed of love– Egyptian Ritual – one would carry burning coals on his head as evidence of the reality of

his repentance– Responsibilities Toward Government 13:1-7– Obey the higher powers (Authority placed over you)– Romans 13:1 - Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers– Titus 3:1 - obey magistrates– 1 Peter 2:13 - Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lord's sake– Matthew 22:21 - Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's– Why Submitting to Authority?– Authority is ordained of God (v. 1) – Resistance to government is ultimately resistance to God (v. 2)– Servant of God for good (v. 4)

– Conscience tells us to be subject (v. 5)– What Authority Are We Under?– God – James 4:7 – Submit yourselves therefore to God– Government - Mark 12:17– Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's– Family - Eph. 5:22-6:4– Husbands, Wives, Children– Church – Heb. 13:17– Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves– In What Ways Should Submit?– Tribute– A tax or tribute imposed upon persons and their property annually.– Custom– A tax, toll, tribute, particularly what is paid for public purposes for the maintenance of

the state – Fear– reverence, respect, honor due those in authority– Honour– recognition to those who serve in leadership– Civil Disobedience– Daniel 3:18 – “we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast

set up.”– Daniel 6:10 – “he kneeled upon his knees three times a day, and prayed, and gave

thanks before his God, as he did aforetime.”– Acts 5:29 Then Peter and the other apostles answered and said, We ought to obey God

rather than men.– Responsibilities Toward Neighbors 13:8-14– Love one another v. 8– Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself– Love worketh no ill to his neighbour– Love is the fulfillment of the Law v. 8, 10– Matt. 22:36-40 - The great commandment– Galatians 5:14 For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this; Thou shalt love thy

neighbour as thyself. – Conclusion– Romans 13:14 But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh,

to fulfil the lusts thereof.

Romans 12:2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.

– Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Demonstrated in Christian Liberties 14:1-15:13– Principles of Christian Liberty 14:1-23– Practices of Christian Liberty 15:1-13– Principles of Christian Liberty 14:1-23– Romans 14:1 Him that is weak in the faith receive ye, but not to doubtful disputations.– Weak in Faith:– New believer – immature believer– Doubtful disputations:– Disputes over doubtful things– “but not unto quarrels about opinions”– A believer with certain principles is not to be welcomed into the fellowship with the

intent of changing his views or opinions by quarreling with him about them.– Principles of Christian Liberty 14:1-23– Romans 14:1 Him that is weak in the faith receive ye, but not to doubtful disputations.

We are to accept one, who is weak in faith, into fellowship, but not judge the standards in their life, which we may not agree with, and not hinder them by the freedoms we enjoy.

– Conviction - What we believe the Bible teaches. – Standards - How we believe we should act in areas God has not specifically addressed.– Examples of Standards– Hair length– Clothing– Music– Entertainment– Eating– Does the Bible tell us we cannot go to a movie theater? – Does the Bible tell us to Abstain from all appearance of evil. (1 Thessalonians 5:22 )

Principles of Christian Liberty 14:1-23– We need to be fully persuaded in our own mind regarding our beliefs. v. 5– Whatever you do, do it unto the Lord v. 8– Consider that we will give an account of ourselves to God v. 10, 12–

• Standards• Will it make a provision for my flesh to fall? • Will it cause weaker brethren to stumble? • Am I fully persuaded in my own mind that it is the right thing to do? • Will it remind me that I belong to the Lord? • Will it help me on Judgment Day? • Is there anything in my life that would cause someone else to stumble?

– The Christian life is not always right or wrong; sometimes it is GOOD or BEST. • Standards• Can someone speak evil of my good intentions? V. 16

– Take the High Road. – Be willing to ask the question, "Am I doing this in faith?"

• Does it edify? • Am I willing to judge myself in this matter or must I wait until the Judgment Seat? • How to have unity when there are differences on preferences1. Give Grace (Romans 14:1-4)2. Show Kindness (Romans 14:10)3. Have Faith (Romans 14:5, 23)4. Be Discerning (Romans 14:10-12)5. Live Responsibly (Romans 14:13)6. Be Considerate (Romans 14:16, 19; Gal 5:13)7. Stand in Liberty (Col. 2:16)• Practical Application• Every pastor must follow biblical principles for the local church• Every father must follow biblical principles for his home.• Don’t go against your conscience.• Don’t try to be someone else’s conscience.• Don’t be more concerned about your honor than Christ’s testimony.• Don’t try to spiritualize rules.• The greater responsibility is on the stronger believer. (1 Cor. 8:13)• Beware of the sin of selective standards.• Practices of Christian Liberty 15:1-13• The Christian life is about service to others. (1-3)

– Bear the weaknesses of others– Build each other up.– Christ is the example.

• Scriptures provides foundation for service. (4)• Service involves oneness. (5-6)

– Likeminded v. 5– One mouth one mind v.6

• Practices of Christian Liberty 15:1-13• We must accept one another. (7-13)

– Christ is the example.– Jews and Gentiles are one.– We cannot reject someone whom Christ has accepted.

• Conclusion 15:14-16:27• Paul’s Purposes for Writing 15:14-21

– Ministering the Gospel of God to the Gentiles• Paul’s Plans for Traveling 15:22-33

– His desire to visit Rome• Paul’s Praise and Greetings 16:1-27

– Paul’s personal greetings 16:1-16– Paul’s final warning 16:17-20– Greetings from Paul’s companions. 16:21-23– Doxology 16:24-27