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Imaging of laser-excited Imaging of laser-excited skin autofluorescence skin autofluorescence
bleaching rates.bleaching rates.
Kristine Rozniece, Ilona HartmaneKristine Rozniece, Ilona HartmaneClinical Center of Skin and ST Diseases, Riga, LatviaClinical Center of Skin and ST Diseases, Riga, LatviaJanis Lesinsh, Janis Spigulis, ASI, LU, Riga, LatviaJanis Lesinsh, Janis Spigulis, ASI, LU, Riga, Latvia
European Social FundEuropean Social Fund
"Biophotonic research group""Biophotonic research group"Nr.2009/0211/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/09/APIA/VIAA/077Nr.2009/0211/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/09/APIA/VIAA/077
BADV,Riga, 08.09.2011.BADV,Riga, 08.09.2011.
Autofluorescence of SkinAutofluorescence of Skin An optical diagnostic technique An optical diagnostic technique in vivoin vivo that that
differentiates skin lesions from healthy tissuedifferentiates skin lesions from healthy tissue,, based on measurements of the fluorescence based on measurements of the fluorescence intensityintensity emitted by native fluorophores present emitted by native fluorophores present in different concentration in skin tissues.in different concentration in skin tissues.
This autofluorescence is due to the absorption of This autofluorescence is due to the absorption of the exciting radiation by fluorophores the exciting radiation by fluorophores (tryptophan, collagen, elastin, NADH, flavin, (tryptophan, collagen, elastin, NADH, flavin, lipofuscin, melanin, hemoglobin) that resultlipofuscin, melanin, hemoglobin) that resultss in in emission of radiation at higher wavelenghts.emission of radiation at higher wavelenghts.
Autofluorescence PhotobleachingAutofluorescence Photobleaching
The process of decreasing the The process of decreasing the fluoroscence intensity during long-term fluoroscence intensity during long-term optical excitation.optical excitation.
Is caused by degradation of the skin Is caused by degradation of the skin endogenous fluorophore molecules.endogenous fluorophore molecules.
The florophores that emit under blue-The florophores that emit under blue-green excitation are NAD, kreatin, as well green excitation are NAD, kreatin, as well as the dermal collagen and elastin.as the dermal collagen and elastin.
AimAim of Research of Research
In this study In this study there there are presented some are presented some comparative results of using green light comparative results of using green light (532 nm), low power cw laser as excitation (532 nm), low power cw laser as excitation source for cutaneous autofluorescence source for cutaneous autofluorescence investigations and evaluation of investigations and evaluation of autofluorescence properties of normal skin autofluorescence properties of normal skin and different skin pathalogies and different skin pathalogies in vivoin vivo..
Materials and Materials and MMethodsethods
The round spot The round spot of of 4 mm in diameter w4 mm in diameter wasas selected on skin of the inner forearm of selected on skin of the inner forearm of healthy volunteer, and the spot whealthy volunteer, and the spot wasas irradiated by 532 nm cw low power laser irradiated by 532 nm cw low power laser for 1 min. (n= 30)for 1 min. (n= 30)
PatienPatientts with benign different melanocytic, s with benign different melanocytic, vascular, hyperkeratotic and fibrotic vascular, hyperkeratotic and fibrotic lesions of skin (n=74)lesions of skin (n=74)
Patients with BCC (n=2)Patients with BCC (n=2)
Junctional NMNJunctional NMN
Compound NMNCompound NMN
AngiomaAngioma
Seborrheic keratosisSeborrheic keratosis
DermatofibromaDermatofibroma
BCCBCC
gersed3 - AF intensistāte pie 600nm (532nm lāzera ierosme)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Laiks (sekundes)
AF
in
ten
sitā
te (
rel.
v.)
garsed2 - AF intensistāte pie 600nm (532nm lāzera ierosme)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Laiks (sekundes)
AF
in
ten
sitā
te (
rel.
v.)
AF in different skin pathologiesAF in different skin pathologies
0 30 60 90
0,0
0,5
1,0
AF
Inte
nsi
ty (
no
rma
lize
d b
y m
ax)
Time (Seconds)
BCC lentigo compound NMN angioma blue nevus% junctional NMN
Distribution of patientsDistribution of patients
BCC
dermatofibroma
seborrheic keratosis
angioma
lentigo
congenital nevus
dysplastic nevus
blue NMN
compound NMN
junctional NMN
Statistical Statistical AAnalysisnalysis
According the Shapiro –Wilk test min, According the Shapiro –Wilk test min, max, and average intensity of AF was max, and average intensity of AF was not normally distributed in all patient not normally distributed in all patient groups.groups.
DDueue t this reasonhis reason we used we used the the Mann – Mann – Withney test for further analysis of Withney test for further analysis of differences.differences.
Ave
rage
inte
nsity
of A
F
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
BCCderm
atofibroma
seborrheic keratosis
angioma
lentigo
congenital nevus
dysplastic nevus
blue NMN
compound NM
N
junctional NMN
De
cre
ase
of
AF
inte
nsi
ty in
30
s
3000
2000
1000
0
ConclusionConclusionss
Taking in consideration that various shapes of Taking in consideration that various shapes of autofluorescence in cases of different skin autofluorescence in cases of different skin pathologies were clearly different, wpathologies were clearly different, we e have have foundfound statistically significant differences in min, statistically significant differences in min, max and average only max and average only betweenbetween groups with groups with junctional and compound NMN.junctional and compound NMN.
BCC showBCC showss the highest AF intensity the highest AF intensity in in comperasion comperasion with other pathologies, but more with other pathologies, but more patients should be involvedpatients should be involved to get to get statistically statistically significant resultssignificant results in this study. in this study.
Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!