ILP PrinciplesILP Principles

What is intelligence-led policing?

• Intelligence-led policing…– is a management philosophy/business model

– aims to achieve crime reduction and prevention and to disrupt offender activity

– employs a top-down management approach

– combines crime analysis and criminal intelligence into crime intelligence

– uses crime intelligence to objectively direct police resource decisions

– focuses enforcement activities on prolific and serious offenders

What It Is and Is What It Is and Is NotNotIntelligence Led Policing Intelligence Led Policing isis

A business model for managing law enforcement demand;A business model for managing law enforcement demand; About improved allocation of resources;About improved allocation of resources; A strategic approach to crime and problems;A strategic approach to crime and problems; A decision - action model.A decision - action model.  Intelligence Led Policing Intelligence Led Policing is notis not

A technique just for specialized units or investigators;A technique just for specialized units or investigators; Only a tool for counter terrorism;Only a tool for counter terrorism; Solely about information sharing;Solely about information sharing; A way to support investigations.A way to support investigations.

The Reality:The Reality: Resource constraints dictate that police Resource constraints dictate that police forces cannot deliver every item on the public’s policing forces cannot deliver every item on the public’s policing wish list and must instead decide service delivery wish list and must instead decide service delivery

priorities.priorities.

ILP offers the best capacity for the your agency to meet the commitment to provide for the greatest degree of safety and security of citizens in the most effective manner possible.

Why Should the You Change to Adopt the ILP Model?

The Initial Changes at HCSOThe Initial Changes at HCSO

DIII ILP TestingDIII ILP Testing

Auto Theft Task ForceAuto Theft Task Force-Mission-Mission High visibility saturation of high crime High visibility saturation of high crime

areasareas Zero ToleranceZero Tolerance Targeting Acura and Honda productsTargeting Acura and Honda products Late evening/early morning hoursLate evening/early morning hours

Robbery Task ForceRobbery Task Force-Mission-Mission High visibility saturation and zero High visibility saturation and zero

tolerance targeting high crime areas.tolerance targeting high crime areas. Surveillance at offense locations.Surveillance at offense locations. Manpower was split between late Manpower was split between late

evening hours (areas) and early evening hours (areas) and early morning hours (offense locations).morning hours (offense locations).

Burglary Task ForceBurglary Task Force-Mission-Mission High visibility saturation and zero High visibility saturation and zero

tolerance targeting of high Burglary tolerance targeting of high Burglary related crime areas.related crime areas.

Manpower was split between late Manpower was split between late evening hours (Business and Vehicle evening hours (Business and Vehicle Burglaries) and daytime hours Burglaries) and daytime hours (Residential Burglaries).(Residential Burglaries).

Lessons LearnedLessons Learned

Task Force/saturation approach has limited, Task Force/saturation approach has limited, short-term value.short-term value.

Small number of offenders committing Small number of offenders committing majority of crimes.majority of crimes.

Each operation resulted in 400+ arrests Each operation resulted in 400+ arrests which bogged down courts and prosecutors. which bogged down courts and prosecutors.

Focused approach, targeting Known Focused approach, targeting Known criminals and high crime locations worked.criminals and high crime locations worked.

Lessons Learned (cont.)Lessons Learned (cont.)

Multi-faceted approachMulti-faceted approach– Detectives, Patrol Deputies and AnalystDetectives, Patrol Deputies and Analyst– Tracking of crimes and criminals Tracking of crimes and criminals – Gathering intelligenceGathering intelligence– Communications flow in all directionsCommunications flow in all directions

Empowering and encouraging deputies Empowering and encouraging deputies to be proactive and creativeto be proactive and creative

Be willing to try different/new ideasBe willing to try different/new ideas

District III Re-organizesDistrict III Re-organizes

District III ILP CreatedDistrict III ILP Created

District Intelligence unit composed of 5 District Intelligence unit composed of 5 detectives, 1 analyst, and supervised by detectives, 1 analyst, and supervised by a single sergeant.a single sergeant.

Street crimes unit is divided into two Street crimes unit is divided into two squads with a sergeant, corporal and 8 squads with a sergeant, corporal and 8 deputies each. deputies each.

District property detectives remain the District property detectives remain the same but now work more closely with same but now work more closely with street crimes and ILP detectivesstreet crimes and ILP detectives

Expectations of the DIUExpectations of the DIU

Compile daily brief.Compile daily brief. Identify crime trends.Identify crime trends. Develop actionable information.Develop actionable information. Complete pertinent alerts.Complete pertinent alerts. Develop/maintain target lists.Develop/maintain target lists. Develop/maintain intelligence/CI information.Develop/maintain intelligence/CI information. Disseminate above items to all components of Disseminate above items to all components of

the HCSO.the HCSO. Greater emphasis is placed on crime analysis Greater emphasis is placed on crime analysis

and analytical products they produce. and analytical products they produce.

Expectations of Street Crime Expectations of Street Crime UnitUnit Assist in the scrubbing of target lists.Assist in the scrubbing of target lists. Offender contacts.Offender contacts. Conduct surveillance of targeted offenders.Conduct surveillance of targeted offenders. Conduct operations within targeted areas.Conduct operations within targeted areas. Take law enforcement action on reasonable Take law enforcement action on reasonable

suspicion and probable cause.suspicion and probable cause. Locate and incarcerate identified offenders.Locate and incarcerate identified offenders.

County Wide ImplementationCounty Wide Implementation

County Wide ImplementationCounty Wide Implementation

The LINC centrally manages the flow of intelligenceThe LINC centrally manages the flow of intelligence Standards developed for ILP processes at district levelStandards developed for ILP processes at district level Created two SAO Liaison Detectives to monitor prolific Created two SAO Liaison Detectives to monitor prolific

offender casesoffender cases Centralized all crime tips under the LINCCentralized all crime tips under the LINC Began mining the jail for intelligence Began mining the jail for intelligence RMS changes to accommodate ILP processesRMS changes to accommodate ILP processes Decreased reliance on stand alone databaseDecreased reliance on stand alone database Automated Intelligence flowAutomated Intelligence flow Trained detectives in Insite (Intelligence database)Trained detectives in Insite (Intelligence database) Further Involved Crime Analysts in the flowFurther Involved Crime Analysts in the flow

County Wide ImplementationCounty Wide Implementation

ILP Conference Call ILP Conference Call – DIU’s, LINC, CID, SID, Aviation, Marine DIU’s, LINC, CID, SID, Aviation, Marine – DeconflictionDeconfliction– Ensure the proper focus of targetsEnsure the proper focus of targets

ILP Biweekly MeetingILP Biweekly Meeting– Supervisors and the LINCSupervisors and the LINC– Ensure ILP is being implemented appropriatelyEnsure ILP is being implemented appropriately– Discuss needs and direction of transitionDiscuss needs and direction of transition

County Wide ImplementationCounty Wide Implementation TCG Meetings (Tactical Coordination Group)TCG Meetings (Tactical Coordination Group)

– Districts host each monthDistricts host each month– Supervisory ILP personnel invitedSupervisory ILP personnel invited– Focus is on District ILP initiativesFocus is on District ILP initiatives– Discuss cases and crime trendsDiscuss cases and crime trends

SCG Meetings (Strategic Coordination Group)SCG Meetings (Strategic Coordination Group)– Command level personnel onlyCommand level personnel only– Discuss agency priorities and initiativesDiscuss agency priorities and initiatives– Discuss agency redirection of resourcesDiscuss agency redirection of resources

The Next LevelThe Next Level

Intelligence-Led PolicingIntelligence-Led PolicingBasic PrinciplesBasic Principles

Focus on High priority offenders, criminal Focus on High priority offenders, criminal organizations and crime problemsorganizations and crime problems

Proactive (versus reactive)Proactive (versus reactive) Analytics Drive DeploymentAnalytics Drive Deployment Information Sharing & CollaborationInformation Sharing & Collaboration Integration of information systemsIntegration of information systems Increased use ofIncreased use of intelligence,intelligence, surveillance and surveillance and

informantsinformants toto target recidivist offenderstarget recidivist offenders Organizational structure places the intelligence Organizational structure places the intelligence

arm within the decision-making processarm within the decision-making process

The TIN TeamsThe TIN TeamsTactical Intelligence TeamTactical Intelligence Team

Two squads (East and West)Two squads (East and West) One Sergeant and Corporal per squadOne Sergeant and Corporal per squad 12 Detectives per squad (6 per district)12 Detectives per squad (6 per district) Detectives will be a mixture of vice, Detectives will be a mixture of vice,

narcotics, and gangs personnelnarcotics, and gangs personnel

The TIN TeamsThe TIN Teams

Tactical Intelligence TeamTactical Intelligence Team– Responsibility: To identify and target Responsibility: To identify and target

HPO’s that affect their geographic area of HPO’s that affect their geographic area of assignment (District aligned)assignment (District aligned)

– Methodology: To utilize the nexus of Methodology: To utilize the nexus of narcotics, gangs, and vice for the purposes narcotics, gangs, and vice for the purposes of gathering intelligence to identify High of gathering intelligence to identify High Priority Offenders and their activitiesPriority Offenders and their activities

– Focus is on reduction of Part I Crimes: Focus is on reduction of Part I Crimes: Robbery, Burglary, Auto Theft, LarcenyRobbery, Burglary, Auto Theft, Larceny

Intel Coordination UnitIntel Coordination Unit

1 Sergeant and Corporal1 Sergeant and Corporal 4 Intel Coordination Groups (8 Detectives and 4 Intel Coordination Groups (8 Detectives and

4 Analysts) (LINC/SOS Detectives)4 Analysts) (LINC/SOS Detectives) Career Criminal (Detective)Career Criminal (Detective) Gang Intel (2 Detectives)Gang Intel (2 Detectives) Specialized/Jail Intel (2 Detectives)Specialized/Jail Intel (2 Detectives) SAO Liaisons (2 Detectives)SAO Liaisons (2 Detectives) Tip Coordination Unit (Deputy/Researcher)Tip Coordination Unit (Deputy/Researcher) 2 Intelligence Analysts (Wilson/Bennink)2 Intelligence Analysts (Wilson/Bennink)

ICU/LINCICU/LINC Organizational Framework Organizational Framework

ICU

Sergeant

Special Investigations

Division

Major

Prosecutor Liaison

Group

Intel Coordination

Group

Working Intel

Group

Jail Intel

Group

Detective Coordinators (8) Detective Intel Agents (2)

Detention Coordinators (2)

SAO Detective Liaison (2)

USAO Detective Liaison (1)

Coordinator (1)

Analyst (1)

Crime Stoppers (1)

Assistant (1)

Career Criminal Detective (1)

Working Intel Detectives (2)

Specialized Intel/Gang

GroupCorporal

Corporal

Specialized Intel (5)

Gang (6)

Intel Coordination GroupsIntel Coordination Groups Responsibilities: Responsibilities:

– To facilitate the flow of information from the To facilitate the flow of information from the TIN Teams into the analysis cycle and provide TIN Teams into the analysis cycle and provide vetted feedbackvetted feedback

– To intake all data within geographic area of To intake all data within geographic area of responsibility; compare it to control strategies, responsibility; compare it to control strategies, and provide collection requirements for all of and provide collection requirements for all of SID personnelSID personnel

– To generate intelligence products that drive To generate intelligence products that drive resource deployment (operational targeting)resource deployment (operational targeting)

Framework for FlexibilityFramework for Flexibility This format is ‘This format is ‘plug and playplug and play’’ No matter what the HCSO crime priorities are, No matter what the HCSO crime priorities are,

intelligence gathering efforts will remain the same intelligence gathering efforts will remain the same – Constant collectors in drug, vice and gang Constant collectors in drug, vice and gang

communitiescommunities– Collection requirements change with emerging trendsCollection requirements change with emerging trends– Numerous resources devoted to information collectionNumerous resources devoted to information collection

Getting ahead of crimeGetting ahead of crime– Providing an interpretation of crime problems that Providing an interpretation of crime problems that

affect the county (Answering question that support affect the county (Answering question that support decision making)decision making)

Intelligence-Led PolicingIntelligence-Led PolicingExpected BenefitsExpected Benefits

More More effectiveeffective and and efficientefficient deploymentdeployment of limited of limited personnel and budget resourcespersonnel and budget resources

Greater impactGreater impact on crime/public safety within the on crime/public safety within the districtsdistricts

ReductionReduction in agency in agency Part 1 crimePart 1 crime levels levels Increased coordinationIncreased coordination among multi-specialty among multi-specialty

investigative resourcesinvestigative resources More More effective intelligence gatheringeffective intelligence gathering, analysis, and , analysis, and

disseminationdissemination Better success at Better success at incapacitating high-priority offendersincapacitating high-priority offenders, ,

dismantling criminal organizations, and abating high-dismantling criminal organizations, and abating high-priority crimepriority crime problemsproblems

High Priority High Priority OffendersOffenders

HPO’sHPO’s

Career CriminalsCareer Criminals

Habitual Felony OffenderHabitual Felony Offender– Three Felony ConvictionsThree Felony Convictions– From Three Separate IncidentsFrom Three Separate Incidents– New Charge within Five Years of Last New Charge within Five Years of Last

Conviction or Prison Release Conviction or Prison Release Habitual Violent Felony Offender Habitual Violent Felony Offender

– Three Felony ConvictionsThree Felony Convictions– From Three Separate IncidentsFrom Three Separate Incidents– One Violent Felony ConvictionOne Violent Felony Conviction– New Charge within Five Years of Last New Charge within Five Years of Last

Conviction or Prison Release Conviction or Prison Release

Career CriminalsCareer Criminals

3 Time Violent Felony Offender 3 Time Violent Felony Offender – Three Felony ConvictionsThree Felony Convictions– From Three Separate IncidentsFrom Three Separate Incidents– Two Violent Felony ConvictionsTwo Violent Felony Convictions– New Charge within Five Years of Last New Charge within Five Years of Last

Conviction or Prison Release Conviction or Prison Release Gort Violent Career Criminal Gort Violent Career Criminal

– Three Violent Felony ConvictionsThree Violent Felony Convictions– From Three Separate IncidentsFrom Three Separate Incidents– Prior Incarceration in PrisonPrior Incarceration in Prison– New Charge within Five Years of Last New Charge within Five Years of Last

Conviction or Prison Release Conviction or Prison Release

PPOPPO Prolific or Other Priority OffenderProlific or Other Priority Offender

– Active project to determine guidelinesActive project to determine guidelines– Persons not statutorily defined that we Persons not statutorily defined that we

suspect are suspect are consistentlyconsistently driving our driving our crime ratecrime rate NotNot just suspect from previous night crime just suspect from previous night crime

spreespree Reasonable suspicionReasonable suspicion that the person is that the person is

actively and continuously driving crimeactively and continuously driving crime

DeconflictionDeconfliction

DefinitionDefinition

DeconflictionDeconfliction is a military and is a military and engineering term that refers to the engineering term that refers to the process of avoiding mutual process of avoiding mutual interference, or outright hazards, interference, or outright hazards, among systems under the control of among systems under the control of one's own sides. It is most often used one's own sides. It is most often used in the context of preventing in the context of preventing fratricide, , or having weapons hit one's own or having weapons hit one's own troops, but it has broader implications. troops, but it has broader implications.

Morning CallMorning Call

What it is:What it is:– Occurs at 0900 every dayOccurs at 0900 every day– Involves SID, DIU’s, CID, Crime Analysis, TPD Involves SID, DIU’s, CID, Crime Analysis, TPD

(multiple districts), TTPD, USFPD, and more(multiple districts), TTPD, USFPD, and more– Purpose is to deconflict efforts between Purpose is to deconflict efforts between

multiple entities within the HCSOmultiple entities within the HCSO– Only discuss who you are targeting and Only discuss who you are targeting and

where you will be targeting where you will be targeting What it is not:What it is not:

– A forum for discussing the blotterA forum for discussing the blotter

ILP Investigative ILP Investigative LeadLead

PurposePurpose

The purpose is for any deputy to The purpose is for any deputy to document information that is NON-document information that is NON-EVIDENTIARY but may have future EVIDENTIARY but may have future intelligence valueintelligence value

We want all deputies to put valuable We want all deputies to put valuable information that they know about information that they know about criminals in this report to prevent criminals in this report to prevent them from keeping good info in their them from keeping good info in their headhead

The Intelligence Cycle at The Intelligence Cycle at HCSOHCSO

The traditional intelligence cycle is a The traditional intelligence cycle is a concept that describes the process by concept that describes the process by which raw information is processed and which raw information is processed and disseminated as finished intelligence. disseminated as finished intelligence.

The Intelligence Cycle The Intelligence Cycle Defined.Defined.

Planning, Direction, Develop Strategy, Prepare collection

requirements

Collection of Raw information

Processing of Information into

Intelligence

Analysis of Intelligence to determine relevance to

current strategy

Disseminate Finished Intelligence Products

for Use in Enforcement Actions

The Intelligence Cycle at HCSO

This process occurs within the

LINC Squad

Example #1Example #1

Grow House information Grow House information received from a patrol officerreceived from a patrol officer

SID

CID

District 4

District 3

District 2

District 1

LINCLINCPatrol Deputy gets a tip about a growhouse

Finished intel is assigned to

Major Violators unit for action

Example #2Example #2

Firearms Market:Firearms Market:

Strategy is set by command staff to Strategy is set by command staff to reduce part 1 violent crimes. SID staff reduce part 1 violent crimes. SID staff looks specifically at the stolen firearms looks specifically at the stolen firearms market.market.

Collection Collection RequirementRequirement

Crime Analysis works with Major and Crime Analysis works with Major and Captain and determines that stolen Captain and determines that stolen firearms are becoming a problem in firearms are becoming a problem in Hillsborough CountyHillsborough County

To fully understand the problem they To fully understand the problem they develop a collection requirement for develop a collection requirement for all intelligence collectors to provide all intelligence collectors to provide information on the information on the stolen firearms stolen firearms market market (Who? What? Where? When? (Who? What? Where? When? Why?)Why?)

SID

CID

District 4

District 3

District 2

District 1

LINCLINC

Collection requirements sent out

Raw information is collected and sent

back to LINC

Finished intelligence is sent out agency wide for enforcement action

Crime Analysis Unit Crime Analysis Unit Re-organizes in 2009Re-organizes in 2009

CAU pre-2009CAU pre-2009

Organized under Research & Development Organized under Research & Development Bureau, Department of Support ServicesBureau, Department of Support Services

Heavy emphasis on strategic researchHeavy emphasis on strategic research Considerable resources devoted to:Considerable resources devoted to:

– Research reportsResearch reports– Compiling CRIME reports (old COMPSTAT)Compiling CRIME reports (old COMPSTAT)– Making mapsMaking maps– Compiling statistics and informationCompiling statistics and information– Investigative support (no analysis)Investigative support (no analysis)

Identification of crime patterns and trends Identification of crime patterns and trends occurred as resources allowedoccurred as resources allowed

Identifying unknown subject(s), associations Identifying unknown subject(s), associations or targets was minimalor targets was minimal

CAU pre-2009 CAU pre-2009 continuedcontinued Resources spent answering many Resources spent answering many

non-analytical questionsnon-analytical questions– How many? (burglaries, thefts, sex How many? (burglaries, thefts, sex

predators, vehicle stops, citations, etc.)predators, vehicle stops, citations, etc.) Data entry and management of Data entry and management of

spreadsheets and databases spreadsheets and databases (primarily for other users)(primarily for other users)

““Everything to everyone” Everything to everyone”

CAU June 2009CAU June 2009 Reorganized – moved under Special Investigations Reorganized – moved under Special Investigations

Division (SID) Division (SID) – Reporting directly to division commander (Major)Reporting directly to division commander (Major)– Influence on agency operations enhancedInfluence on agency operations enhanced

CAU Manager decision-making empoweredCAU Manager decision-making empowered– Ability to say “NO”Ability to say “NO”

Duties and responsibilities re-directed towards Duties and responsibilities re-directed towards analytics analytics – Identification of crime patterns, trends and problem-Identification of crime patterns, trends and problem-

analysisanalysis– Identification of High Priority Offenders for targeting and Identification of High Priority Offenders for targeting and

surveillancesurveillance Limited emphasis on statistical data compilation and Limited emphasis on statistical data compilation and

map makingmap making– General philosophy is when the information provided General philosophy is when the information provided

influences decision-making or policy it has relevanceinfluences decision-making or policy it has relevance– Information Services Division (ISD) involvement in creation Information Services Division (ISD) involvement in creation

and distribution of data reportsand distribution of data reports

CAU – Current CAU – Current OperationsOperations

Access to RMS – report writing capabilitiesAccess to RMS – report writing capabilities– ILP Investigative Lead, General Report, Street Checks ILP Investigative Lead, General Report, Street Checks

(Field Interview module), Flagged Records, add follow-ups(Field Interview module), Flagged Records, add follow-ups Crime mapping limited to necessary documents Crime mapping limited to necessary documents

for decision-makers and geo-spatial analysisfor decision-makers and geo-spatial analysis– GIS PortalGIS Portal

Involved in the circular flow of raw information and Involved in the circular flow of raw information and intelligence obtained through numerous sources intelligence obtained through numerous sources – Tips and leadsTips and leads– Confidential InformantsConfidential Informants– Surveillance LogsSurveillance Logs– Undercover OperationsUndercover Operations

Analysts work in partnership with detectives (not Analysts work in partnership with detectives (not for them)for them)

Does ILP Work to Reduce Does ILP Work to Reduce Crime?Crime?

HCSO Crime Decrease

-1.4%

-2.7%

-10.3%

-14.9%

-24.9%

-26.1%

-30.0% -25.0% -20.0% -15.0% -10.0% -5.0% 0.0%

% Decrease

Crime Rate Reduction 1985-2010

52.98

72.18

60.86

72.81

58.31

43.77

31.86

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

19

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00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

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08

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20

10

Drop Page Fields Here

Sum of Crime Rate per 1000 Residents

Year

Drop Series Fields Here

Media HeadlinesMedia Headlines

“Crime down 10 percent in unincorporated Hillsborough, Sheriff's Office reports”

“Crime rate falls again in unincorporated Hillsborough”

“Crime-tracking systems save tax dollars”

“Hillsborough Sheriff’s Office uses intelligence to target career criminals”

“Intelligence is key to big Hillsborough crime drop, Sheriff’s Office says”

“Reported crime down in Hillsborough County”