iGrid2002 Visualization and Virtual Reality

Maxine Brown & Tom DeFanti

Electronic Visualization Laboratory

SIGGRAPH 89Science by Satellite

“Using satellite technology…demo ofWhat It might be like to have high-speed fiber-optic links between advanced computers in two different geographic locations.”

― Al Gore, SenatorChair, US Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology and Space

“What we really have to do is eliminate distance between individuals who want to interact with other people and with other computers.”

― Larry Smarr, DirectorNational Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC

SIGGRAPH 92Showcase: Science in the 21st Century

“From the atom to the Universe…it’s all here. Three dozen projects can now come through the network and appear to be in McCormick Place…Simulations on remote supercomputers or created from data gathered from far away instruments, these visualizations demonstrate the power of distributed computing, doing computing where the resources are and not necessarily on a single machine.”― Larry Smarr, Director, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC

“We have to develop the technology and techniques―and the sociology―to go along with group activities.”

― Sid Karin, Director, San Diego Supercomputer Center, UCSD

UCSD NCMIRin San Diego

UCSD NCMIRin Chicago

UCSD National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research (NCMIR) http://www-ncmir.ucsd.edu

SIGGRAPH 92 Showcase: Science in the 21st Century

“VR is a mode of scientific visualization. It’s something that lets you get inside of the data. Now, with most computer screens you’re outside looking in. In this, you’re inside looking out.”― Tom DeFanti, Director, Electronic Visualization Laboratory, UIC

www.evl.uic.eduwww.cavernus.org

“In a few years, the network is the computer…It doesn’t matter where your supercomputer is, your data resources, your sensors, scanners or satellite data. It can come from anywhere, be stored anywhere, but you can access it, at your fingertips, on your desktop.”

― Maxine Brown, Associate Director, Electronic Visualization Laboratory, UIC

“It’s the real start of humans being able to immerse themselves inside the brains of computers―seeing what the computers are seeing.”― Larry Smarr, Director,

National Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC

“See things you’ve never seen before.”― Tom DeFanti, Director, Electronic Visualization Laboratory, UIC

“Virtual prototyping of new products, from small to large.”― Rick Stevens, Director, Math and Computer

Science Division, Argonne National Lab

“Next year―Get rid of the Machine Farm and put gigabit networks in place to talk to computers at remote sites―awhole new level of interaction and communication.”― Maxine Brown, Associate Director,

Electronic Visualization Laboratory, UIC

Post-Euclidean Walkabout George Francis, NCSA, UIUCwww.math.uiuc.edu/~gfrancis/

General MotorsResearch

www.evl.uic.edu/EVL/VROOM/HTML

SIGGRAPH 94VROOM: Virtual Reality Room

Supercomputing 95I-WAY: Information Wide Area Year

I-WAY featured:• Application demonstrations• OC-3 backbone• Large-scale immersive

displays• I-Soft programming

environment

http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/General/Training/SC95/GII.HPCC.html

The Internet evolved from ARPAnet, a research network built in 1969 that primarily was a communications tool of the research community until the invention of the World Wide Web-and later Mosaic-that opened it up to the wider community.

I-WAY leaders Ian Foster, Larry Smarr, Rick Stevens and Tom DeFanti, believe the next great wave of evolution on the Internet will be unleashed by I-WAY.

iGrid 1998 at SC’98November 7-13, 1998, Orlando, Florida, USA

• 10 countries: Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, Switzerland, Taiwan, USA

• 22 demonstrations featured technical innovations and application advancements requiring high-speed networks, with emphasis on remote instrumentation control, tele-immersion, real-time client server systems, multimedia, tele-teaching, digital video, distributed computing, and high-throughput, high-priority data transfers

www.startap.net/igrid98

iGrid 2000 at INET 2000July 18-21, 2000, Yokohama, Japan

• 14 regions: Canada, CERN, Germany, Greece, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, United Kingdom, USA

• 24 demonstrations featuring technical innovations in tele-immersion, large datasets, distributed computing, remote instrumentation, collaboration, streaming media, human/computer interfaces, digital video and high-definition television, and grid architecture development, and application advancements in science, engineering, cultural heritage, distance education, media communications, and art and architecture

www.startap.net/igrid2000

23-26 September 2002Amsterdam Science and Technology

The Netherlands

September 26, 2002

Maxine BrownSTAR TAP/StarLight co-Principal Investigator

Associate Director, Electronic Visualization LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago

iGrid

2oo2I N T E R N A T I O N A L V I R T U A L L A B O R A T O R Y

www.igrid2002.org

iGrid 2002 September 23-26, 2002, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

• iGrid is a conference demonstrating application demands for increased bandwidth

• iGrid is a testbed enabling the world’s research community to work together briefly and intensely to advance the state of the art – moving from grid-intensive computing to LambdaGrid-intensive computing, in which computational resources worldwide are connected by multiple lambdas.

www.startap.net/igrid2002

• 28 demonstrations from 16 countries: Australia, Canada, CERN/Switzerland, France, Finland, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, the United Kingdom and the USA.

• Applications to be demonstrated: art, bioinformatics, chemistry, cosmology, cultural heritage, education, high-definition media streaming, manufacturing medicine, neuroscience, physics, tele-science

• Grid technologies to be demonstrated: Major emphasis on grid middleware, data management grids, data replication grids, visualization grids, data/visualization grids, computational grids, access grids, grid portals

iGrid 2002 Application Demonstrations

iGrid 2002Featured Network Infrastructures

• NetherLight, developed by SURFnet within the context of the Dutch Next Generation Internet project (GigaPort), is an advanced optical infrastructure and proving ground for network services optimized for high-performance applications located at the Amsterdam Internet Exchange facility.

• StarLight, developed by the University of Illinois at Chicago, Northwestern University, and Argonne National Laboratory in partnership with Canada’s CANARIE and Holland’s SURFnet with funding from the USA NSF, is a persistent infrastructure that supports advanced applications and middleware research, and aggressive advanced networking services.

iGrid 2002Enabling Technologies and Projects

EU-funded DataGrid Project aims to develop, implement and exploit a compu tational and data-intensive grid of re sources for the analysis of scientific data. www.eu-datagrid.org

EU-funded DataTAG Project is creating an intercontinental testbed (Trans-Atlantic Grid) for data-intensive grids, with a focus on net working techniques and interoperability issues among different grid domains.www.datatag.org

iGrid 2002Enabling Technologies and Projects

The Globus Project conducts research and development on the application of Grid concepts to scientific and engineering computing. The Globus Project provides software tools (the Globus Toolkit) that make it easier to build computational grids and grid-based applications. www.globus.org

Quanta, the Quality of Service (QoS) Adaptive Networking Toolkit, is backward compatible with CAVERNsoft, and provides application developers with an easy-to-use system to efficiently utilize the extremely high bandwidth afforded by optical networks. .www.evl.uic.edu/cavern/teranode/quanta

APBioGrid of APBioNet • Bio Informatics Centre (BIC) National University of Singapore • Kooprime, Singapore• Cray, Singapore

www.bic.nus.edu.sg, www.bic.nus.edu.sg/biogrid, www.apbionet.org, http://s-star.org/main.htm

iGrid 2002Singapore, Australia and Japan

Using BIC’s APBioGrid (the Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Grid, a collection of networked computational resources) and KOOP testbed technology, biologists can quickly build a complex series of computations and database management activities on top of computational grids to solve real-world problems.

APBioGrid mimics tasks typical of a bioinformatician – it does resource discovery over the network, remotely distributing tasks that perform data acquisition, data transfer, data processing, data upload to databases, data analysis, computational calculations and visualizations.

iGrid 2002Canada, CERN and The Netherlands

ATLAS Canada LightPath Data Transfer Trial • TRIUMF, Canada • Carleton University, Canada • University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada• University of Alberta, Canada• University of Toronto, Canada• Simon Fraser University, Canada• BCNet, British Columbia, Canada• CANARIE, Canada • CERN, Switzerland • University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

www.triumf.ca

The Lightpath Trial hopes to transmit 1TB of ATLAS Monte Carlo data from TRIUMF (Canada’s National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics ) to CERN in under 2 hours. Using Canada’s 2.5Gb link to StarLight, SURFnet’s 2.5Gb link from StarLight to NetherLight, and from NetherLight to CERN, an end-to-end lightpath will be built between TRIUMF in Vancouver and CERN.

Bandwidth Challenge from the Low-Lands• SLAC, USA • NIKHEF, The Netherlands• Participating sites: APAN, Japan; ANL, USA; Lab, USA; Caltech, USA; CERN,

Switzerland; Daresbury Laboratory, UK; ESnet, USA; Fermilab, USA; NASA GSFC, USA; IN2P3, France; INFN/Milan, Italy; INFN/Rome, Italy; Internet2, USA; JLab, USA; KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan; LANL, USA; LBNL, USA; LBNL/NERSC, USA; Manchester University, UK; NIKHEF, The Netherlands; ORNL, USA; Rice University, USA; RIKEN Accelerator Research Facility, Japan; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK; SDSC/UCSD, USA; SLAC, USA; Stanford University, USA; Sun Microsystems, USA; TRIUMF, Canada; University College London, UK; University of Delaware, USA; University of Florida, USA; University of Michigan, USA; University of Texas at Dallas, USA; University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA

http://www-iepm.slac.stanford.edu/monitoring/bulk/igrid2002

iGrid 2002Netherlands, USA, Canada, CERN, France, Italy, Japan, UK

Current data transfer capabilities to several international sites with high-performance links is demonstrated. iGrid 2002 serves as a HENP “Tier 0” or “Tier 1” site (an accelerator or major computing site), distributing data to multiple replica sites. Researchers investigate/ demonstrate issues regarding TCP implementations for high-bandwidth long-latency links, and create a repository of trace files of a few interesting flows to help explain the behavior of transport protocols over various production networks.

iGrid 2002USA and CERN

Bandwidth Gluttony ― Distributed Grid-EnabledParticle Physics Event Analysis • Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), USA • Caltech, USA• CERN (EU DataGrid Project)

This demonstration is a joint effort between Caltech (HEP) and ANL (Globus/GridFTP). Requests for remote virtual data collections are issued by Grid-based software that is itself triggered from a customized version of the High-Energy Physics (HEP) analysis tool called ROOT. These requests cause the data to be moved across a wide-area network using both striped and standard GridFTP servers.

In addition, at iGrid, an attempt is made to saturate a 10Gbps link between Amsterdam, ANL and StarLight and a 2.5Gbps link between Amsterdam and CERN, using striped GridFTP channels and specially tuned TCP/IP stacks applied to memory-cached data.

http://pcbunn.cacr.caltech.edu/iGrid2002/demo.htm

iGrid 2002USA

Beat Box • Indiana University, USA• Res Umbrae, USA

http://dolinsky.fa.indiana.edu/beatbox

Beat Box presents networked CAVE participants with a playful arena of interactive sound machines. Participants cycle through sound selections and give voice to an interval by introducing it to a thoroughly odd indigenous head. Each head represents a distinct moment in a sequence that contributes to the resultant delivery of the collective instruments.

iGrid 2002USA

Collaborative Visualization over the Access Grid• Argonne National Laboratory/University of Chicago, USA• Northern Illinois University, USA

www.mcs.anl.gov/fl/events/igrid2002.html, www.accessgrid.org, www.globus.org/mpi, www.globus.org, www.teragrid.org

This demonstration shows next-generation Access Grid applications, where the Access Grid is coupled to high-speed networks and vast computational resources. Using the Globus Toolkit, MPICH-G2 and Access Grid technology, scientists can collaboratively and interactively analyze time-varying datasets that are multiple terabytes in size.

D0 Data Analysis• NIKHEF, The Netherlands • Fermi National Accelerator

Laboratory (Fermilab), USA• Michigan State University, USA

www-d0.fnal.gov, www.nikhef.nl

The D0 Experiment, which relies on the Tevatron Collider at Fermilab, is a worldwide collaboration of scientists conducting research on the fundamental nature of matter. Currently, raw data from the D0 detector is processed at Fermilab’s computer farm and results are written to tape. At iGrid, researchers show that by using the transoceanic StarLight/NetherLight network, it is possible for Fermilab to send raw data to NIKHEF for processing and then have NIKHEF send the results back to Fermilab.

iGrid 2002The Netherlands and USA

iGrid 2002USA, Germany, Japan, Taiwan and UK

Distributed, On-Demand, Data-Intensive and CollaborativeSimulation Analysis • Sandia National Laboratories, USA• Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center, USA • Tsukuba Advanced Computing Center, Japan • Manchester Computing Centre, UK • National Center for High-Performance Computing, Taiwan • High Performance Computing Center, Rechen-zentrum Universität

Stuttgart, Germany

www.cs.sandia.gov/ilab, www.tbi.univie.ac.at/research/VirusPrj.html, www.hlrs.de

Grid tools applied to bioinformatics are demonstrated – specifically, predicting identifiable intron/exon splice sites in human genes based on RNA secondary structures. Modeling and simulation programs scale to geographically distributed supercomputer centers. Results are visualized in a collaborative environment, displaying spatial relationships and insights into identifying exonic splicing enhancers.

iGrid 2002USA and UK

Dynamic Load Balancing of Structured Adaptive MeshRefinement (SAMR) Applications on Distributed Systems • CS Department, Illinois Institute of Technology• ECE Department, Northwestern University, USA• Nuclear and Astrophysics Laboratory, Oxford University

AMR applications results in load imbalance among processors on distributed systems. ENZO is a successful parallel implementation of structured AMR (SAMR), incorporating dynamic load balancing across distributed systems, used by in astrophysics and cosmology.

www.ece.nwu.edu/~zlan/research.html

iGrid 2002USA and CERN

Fine Grained Authorization for GARAAutomated Bandwidth Reservation • University of Michigan, USA • CERN

www.citi.umich.edu/projects/qos

This demonstration shows modifications to the Globus General-purpose Architecture for Reservation and Allocation (GARA). Also shown is a secure and convenient Web interface for making reservation requests based on Kerberos credentials. GARA modifications are demonstrated by reserving bandwidth for a video application running between sites with distinct security domains. Traffic generators overload the router interface servicing the video receiver, degrading the video quality when bandwidth is not reserved.

iGrid 2002Italy and CERN

https://genius.ct.infn.it

GENIUS• Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN),

Sezione di Catania, Italy • Università di Catania, Italy • NICE srl, Camerano Casasco, Italy • CERN, Switzerland

The grid portal GENIUS (Grid Enabled web eNvironment for site Independent User job Submission) is an interactive data management tool being developed on the EU DataGrid testbed. At iGrid 2002, researchers demonstrate GENIUS’s data movement and discovery, security mechanisms and system monitoring techniques, as well as optimization and fail-safe mechanisms ― for example, how to find network optimized files and how to detect system failure.

iGrid 2002USA, Japan and Taiwan

Global Telescience Featuring IPv6• National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research (NCMIR), UCSD, USA• San Diego Supercomputer Center, UCSD, USA• Cybermedia Center, Osaka University, Japan• National Center for High Performance Computing, Taiwan

https://gridport.npaci.edu/Telescience

Utilizing native IPv6 and a mixture of high bandwidth and low latency, this demonstration features a network-enabled end-to-end system for 3D electron tomography that utilizes richly connected resources to remotely control the intermediate-high-voltage electron microscope in San Diego and the ultra- high-voltage electron microscope in Osaka.

Griz: Grid Visualization Over Optical Networks • Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands • Electronic Visualization Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

www.cs.vu.nl/~renambot/vr/html/intro.htm

iGrid 2002The Netherlands and USA

Aura, a distributed parallel rendering toolkit, is used to remotely render data on available graphics resources (in Chicago and in Amsterdam) for local display at the iGrid conference. Aura is applied to real-world scientific problems; notably, the visualization of high-resolution isosurfaces of the Visible Human dataset and an interactive molecular dynamics simulation.

iGrid 2002USA, Canada, The Netherlands, Sweden and UK

High Performance Data Webs • Laboratory for Advanced Computing,

University of Illinois at Chicago, USA• Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada • Imperial College of Science, Technology &

Medicine, University of London, UK• Universiteit van Amsterdam, The

Netherlands• SARA, The Netherlands• Center for Parallel Computers, Royal

Institute of Technology, Sweden

www.ncdm.uic.edu, www.dataspaceweb.net

DataSpace is a high-performance data web for the remote analysis, mining, and real-time interaction of scientific, engineering, business, and other complex data. DataSpace applications are designed to exploit the capabilities of high-performance networks so that gigabyte and terabyte datasets can be remotely explored in real time.

HDTV Transmission over IP• Universitat Politècnica de

Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain• Ovide Broadcast Services,

Barcelona, Spain • ResearchChannel, Pacific

Northwest GigaPoP, USA• iCAIR, Northwestern Univ., USA • Starmaze, Spain

www.i2cat.net, www.researchchannel.com, www.washington.edu, www.icair.org

iGrid 2002Spain and USA

First transcontinental HDTV broadcast using “Year Gaudi 2002” footage:• UPC 1.5Gbps (HDSDI) compressed/transmitted at 270Mbps (SDTI) over IP• ResearchChannel uncompressed bi-directional HDTV/IP using prototype

Tektronix hardware at 1.5Gbps, Sony HDCAM/IP at 270Mbps, MPEG-2 at 10 Mbps, VideoOnDemand at 5.6Mbps, and AudioOnDemand at 1.4Mbps

• ICAIR is streaming 270Mbps over IP

Image Feature Extraction on a Grid Testbed • National Center for High Performance Computing, Taiwan • Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan • High Performance Computing Center, Rechenzentrum Universität Stuttgart

http://motif.nchc.gov.tw/DataGrid

iGrid 2002Taiwan and Germany

For medical imagery (confocal laser-scanning microscopes, CT, MRI and PET), NCHC does image processing, analysis and 3D reconstruction. For biotechnology imagery (e.g., microarray biochips), NCHC uses a data clustering procedure for feature extraction that provides insight into an image, such as identifying diseases caused by some protein.Grid techniques enable the use of distributed computing resources and shared data. High-speed networks enable fast processing; typical medical doctors want the procedure accomplished in 5 seconds for use in daily operations.

iGrid 2002USA, Canada, France, Japan, The Netherlands. Singapore

Kites Flying In and Out of Space • Jacqueline Matisse-Monnier, Visting artist • NCSA, UIUC • Mountain Lake Workshop, Virginia Tech Fndn , USA• Virginia Tech, USA• Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA• EVL, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA• SARA, The Netherlands • Sorbonne/La Cité Museum de Musique Paris, France • Tohwa University, Japan • Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore • New Media Innovation Center, Canada

http://calder.ncsa.uiuc.edu/ART/MATISSE/

This virtual-reality art piece is a study of the physical properties of the flying kinetic artwork of Jacqueline Matisse-Monnier. One PC supports the simulation of one kite. For iGrid, distributed grid computing for the arts is demonstrated.

iGrid 2002Germany and USA

www.cactuscode.org, www.griksl.org

Network Intensive Grid Computing and Visualization

Scientists run an astrophysics simulation at a USA supercomputing center and then computing detailed remote visualizations of the results. One part of the demo shows remote online visualization – as the simulation continues, each time step’s raw data is streamed from the USA to a Linux cluster in Amsterdam for parallel volume rendering. The other part demonstrates remote off-line visualization using grid technologies to access data on remote data servers, as well as new rendering techniques for network-adaptive visualizations.

• Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Albert-Einstein-Institut/Golm, Germany

• Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik/Berlin, Germany

• Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory/National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, USA

iGrid 2002USA

PAAPAB• Department of Media Study, University

at Buffalo, USA• Res Umbrae, USA• New York State Center for Engineering

Design and Industrial Innovation, University at Buffalo, USA

http://resumbrae.com/projects/paapab, www.ccr.buffalo.edu/anstey/VR/PAAPAB, www.nyscedii.buffalo.edu

PAAPAB (Pick An Avatar, Pick A Beat) is a shared virtual-reality disco environment inhabited by life-size puppets (user avatars). Users tour the dance floor to see the puppets they animate, dance with the puppets, and dance with avatars of other users. This research focuses on creating interactive drama in virtual reality; that is, immersive stories. PAAPAB serves as a testbed for technology development as well as character and world design.

iGrid 2002USA and The Netherlands

Photonic TeraStream• iCAIR, Northwestern University, USA • EVL, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA• Materials Sciences Research Center,

Northwestern University, USA • Universiteit van Amsterdam, The Netherlands • Argonne National Laboratory, USA

www.icair.org/igrid2002, www.uva.nl, www.icair.org/omninet

The Photonic TeraStream, supported by OMNInet, demonstrates that photonic-enabled applications are possible. OMNInet is used to prototype tools for intelligent application signaling, dynamic lambda provisioning, and extensions to lightpaths through dynamically provisioned L2 and L3 configurations – to access edge resources. The goal is to develop “Global Services-on-Demand” technologies for optical networks, enabling scientists to find, gather, integrate, and present information –large-scale datasets, scientific visualizations, streaming digital media, computational results – from resources worldwide.

iGrid 2002Japan

TACC Quantum Chemistry Grid/Gaussian Portal• Grid Technology Research Center (GTRC), National Institute of Advanced

Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan

http://unit.aist.go.jp/grid/GSA/gaussian

Gaussian code, used in computational chemistry, sometimes receives inadequate computational resources when run on large computers. The Tsukuba Advanced Computing Center (TACC) Gaussian Grid Portal efficiently utilizes costly computational resources without knowing the specifications of each system environment. It consists of a Web interface, meta-scheduler, computational resources, archival resources and Grid software.

iGrid 2002USA

TeraScope: Visual Tera Mining• Electronic Visualization Laboratory, University

of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), USA• National Center for Data Mining, UIC, USA

www.evl.uic.edu/cavern/teranode/terascope, www.dataspaceweb.net

TeraScope is a massively parallelized set of information visualization tools for Visual Data Mining that interactively queries and mines terabyte datasets, correlates the data, and then visualizes the data using parallelized rendering software on tiled displays.

TeraScope’s main foci are to develop techniques to create TeraMaps (visualizations that summarize rather than plot enormous datasets) and to develop a distributed memory cache to collect pools of memory from optically connected clusters. These caches are used by TeraScope to bridge the impedance mismatch between large and slow distributed data stores and fast local memory.

iGrid 2002USA

TeraVision: Visualization Streaming over Optical Networks • Electronic Visualization Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

www.evl.uic.edu/cavern/teranode/teravision

TeraVision is a hardware-assisted, high-resolution graphics streaming system for the Access Grid, enabling anyone to deliver a presentation without installing software or distributing data files in advance.

A user giving a presentation on a laptop or showing output from a node of a graphics cluster plugs the VGA or DVI output of the computer into the TeraVision Box. The box captures the signal at its native resolution, and digitizes and broadcasts it to another networked TeraVision Box, which is connected to a PC and DLP projector. Two Boxes can be used to stream stereoscopic computer graphics. Multiple Boxes can be used for an entire tiled display.

iGrid 2002USA and UK

The Universe• NCSA, UIUC• University of California, San Diego• Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California• Stephen Hawking Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK

http://virdir.ncsa.uiuc.edu/virdir/virdir.html

Virtual Director and related technologies enable multiple users to remotely collaborate in a shared, astrophysical virtual world. Users collaborate via video, audio and 3D avatar representations, and through discrete interactions with the data. Astrophysical scenes are rendered using several techniques, including an experimental renderer that creates time-series volume animations using pre-sorted points and billboard splats, allowing visualizations of very large datasets in real-time.

iGrid 2002USA, France, Germany and Italy

Video IBPster • Logistical Computing and Internetworking (LoCI)

Lab, University of Tennessee, USA• Innovative Computing Lab, Univ. Tennessee, USA • University of California, Santa Barbara, USA • University of California, San Diego, USA • ENS, Lyon, France• Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy • High Performance Computing Center,

Rechenzentrum Universität Stuttgart, Germany

http://loci.cs.utk.edu, http://nws.cs.ucsb.edu

Logistical Networking is the global scheduling and optimization of data movement, storage and computation. LoCI develops tools for fast data transfer, such as the Data Mover, using as much bandwidth as is available. At iGrid, a geographically distributed abstraction of a file is replicated, transported to depots that are closer according to network proximity values, and downloaded from the nearest site in a completely transparent way.

iGrid 2002The Netherlands

Virtual Laboratory on a National Scale • University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

www.vl-e.nl/VLAM-G/

This demonstration of upper middleware complements Grid services, enabling scientists to easily extract information from raw datasets utilizing multiple computing resources.

The Virtual Laboratory develops a formal series of steps, or process flow, to solve a particular problem (data analysis, visualization, etc.) in a particular application domain. Various clusters (DAS-2) are assigned parts of the problem (retrieval, analysis, visualization, etc.)

iGrid 2002Greece and USA

Virtual Visit to the Site of Ancient Olympia• Foundation of the Hellenic World (FHW), Greece• University of Macedonia, Greece • Greek Research & Technology Network • EVL, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

www.fhw.gr/fhw/en/projects, www.fhw.gr/fhw/en/projects/3dvr/templezeus.html, www.grnet.gr/grnet2/index_en.htm

In preparation for the 2004 Olympic Games hosted by Greece, the FHW, a cultural heritage institution based in Athens, is developing an accurate 3D reconstruction of the site of Olympia as it used to be in antiquity. if access to a high-performance network were available, the FHW’s museum could serve as a centre of excellence, delivering educational and heritage content to a number of sites worldwide.

One of the most important monuments of the site is the Temple of Zeus, which houses the famous statue of Zeus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world of which nothing remains today.

vlbiGrid• Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, The Netherlands • Metsahovi Radio Observatory, Finland • Jodrell Bank Observatory, University of Manchester, UK• Haystack Observatory, MIT, USA • University of Manchester UK • University College London, UK• University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

www.jive.nl, www.jb.man.ac.uk, www.haystack.edu

iGrid 2002The Netherlands, Finland, UK and USA

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) is a technique in which an array of physically independent radio telescopes observes simultaneously to yield high-resolution images of cosmic radio sources. The European VLBI Network (EVN) has access to multiple data sources that can deliver 1Gbps each and a data processor that can process 16 data streams simultaneously. High-speed networks would enable the EVN to achieve many-fold improvements in bandwidth.

iGrid 2002…in addition, SURFnet Streaming Video Documentary!!!

iGrid 2002 to be streamed live on the Internet!

http://www.igrid2002.org/webcast.html

• Live streams. SURFnet is streaming live conference plenary sessions and demonstration material over the Internet using Real Surestream, IP multicast H.261, MPEG-1 and MPEG-2.

• Documentary. SURFnet is making a documentary of iGrid 2002 demonstrations.

• On-demand video. After the conference, all video, both plenary sessions and documentary, will be available for on-demand viewing through the iGrid 2002 website and the SURFnet A/V streaming service.

AcknowledgmentsOrganizing Institutions

The Netherlands:Amsterdam Science & Technology CentreGigaPort ProjectSARA Computing and Networking ServicesSURFnetUniversiteit van Amsterdam/ Science Faculty

United States of America:Argonne National Laboratory/ Mathematics and Computer Science Division Indiana University/ Office of the Vice President for Information TechnologyNorthwestern University/ International Center for Advanced Internet ResearchUniversity of Illinois at Chicago/ Electronic Visualization Laboratory

AcknowledgmentsParticipating Organizations

CANARIE

Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation (IEEAF)

Global Grid Forum

Globus Project

GRIDS Center

National Lab for Applied Network Research, Distributed Applications Support Team (NLANR/DAST)

Pacific Rim Applications and Grid Middleware Assembly (PRAGMA)

TERENA

UCAID/Internet2

University of California, San Diego/ California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology [Cal-(IT)2]

AcknowledgmentsSponsors

Amsterdam Internet ExchangeAmsterdam Science & Technology CentreCisco Systems, Inc.City of AmsterdamGEOgraphic Network Affiliates–InternationalGigaPort ProjectGlimmerglass NetworksHPIBMJuniper NetworksLevel 3 Communications, Inc.National Computer Facilities (NWO/NCF), NLNational Science Foundation, USARoyal Philips ElectronicsSARA Computing and Networking ServicesStichting FOM Foundation for Fundamental Research on MatterStichting HEFStichting SURFSURFnetTyco TelecommunicationsUnilever NVUniversiteit van Amsterdam

Lambda

• A lambda, in networking parlance, is a fully dedicated wavelength of light in an optical network, typically assumed to be capable of ≥10Gbps bandwidth. Lambdas are circuit-based technology, but can carry packet-based information.

• For this discussion, the term lambda means large and desirable units of networking, which is how the applications see them, conceptually offering the promise of end-to-end custom connectivity or allowing sufficiently massive over-provisioning of bandwidth so that the connection is effectively uncongested.

• Photonics, for our purposes, is the technology of hardware lambda management.

International Lambda Grids are coming!

• Amsterdam—NetherLight to…

• Chicago—StarLight to…

• Canada—CA*net4 to…

• Others?

• Bring us your Lambdas!

The Next S-Curves of Exponential Technology Growth

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100%

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Experimental/Early Adopters

Production/Mass Market

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Gigabit Testbeds

Connections Programs

Internet2, Géant

DWDM

Experimental Networks

Lambda Grids

~1990s 2000 2010

Networking Technology S-Curves

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The OptIPuter:A new US NSF ITR-Funded Experimental Network Project

• Driven by Visualization of Large Neuroscience and Earth Science Data– Mark Ellisman, UCSD NCMIR– John Orcutt, UCSD SIO– Eric Frost, SDSU

• Multiple Lambdas Linking Clusters, Storage, and Screens– Integration with Itanium PC clusters using TCP, UDP, FTP– Data fusion on peer-to-peer storage with optimized storewidth– Interactive collaborative volume visualization

• A GriPhyN-class effort!

The OptIPuter

• UCSD and UIC are OptIPuter primary campuses– Larry Smarr, PI; Maxine Brown, Project Manager– Tom DeFanti, Mark Ellisman, Jason Leigh, Phil

Papadopoulos – USC, UCI, SDSU, NU/StarLight are partnering

campuses– Industrial partners: IBM, Telcordia/SAIC, CENIC– Bob Hertzberger, Cees de Laat, UvA, int’l OptIPuter

Affiliated Site

The OptIPuter

• Security is a major 5-year goal of the OptIPuter– Need line speed security for dynamic, real-time

collaborations• Protection of data read/write over fast, distributed storage• Privacy, authentication, audit trails, anti-DDOS

switch

• Cluster – Disk

• Disk – Disk

• Viz – Disk

• DB – Cluster

• Cluster – Cluster

Medical Imaging and Microscopy

Chemistry, Engineering, Arts

San Diego Supercomputer Center

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Oracle

DB

S

erver

OptIPuter Applications Enabled by aUCSD Central Campus DWDM Optical Switch

switch switchswitch

switch

DWDMSwitch

OptIPuter Mod 0: Chicago 2002-2003

Int’l Gb, 2.5Gb, 10Gb

Nat’l Gb, 10Gb

Metro GE DWDM

16x1 GE 16x1 GE

16-Processor Pentium w/5x3 Panel Display

16-Processor Pentium w/RAID 10x1 GE

Nationals: Illinois, California, Abilene, ESnet, NREN

Internationals: Netherlands, Canada, CERN, AmPATH, Asia…

6509 6509

Visualization at Near Print Resolution

5x3 Grid of 1280x1024 Pixel LCD Panels Driven by 16-PC Cluster Resolution=6400x3072 Pixels, or ~3000x1500 pixels in Autostereo

OptIPuter Mod 1: Chicago 2003-2004

Int’l Gb, 2.5Gb, 10Gb

Nat’l Gb, 10Gb

Metro GE, 10GE

16x1 GE 16x10 GE

16-Processor Itanium at UIC w/5x3 display

16-Processor NGIntel at StarLight

10x1 GE

+

2x10GE

Nationals: Illinois, California, Wisconsin, Indiana, Abilene, FedNets, Washington, Pennsylvania…

Internationals: Netherlands, Canada, UK, CERN, AmPATH, Asia…

For More Information

University of Illinois at ChicagoMaxine Brown, maxine@uic.edu

Tom DeFanti, tom@uic.edu

Universiteit van AmsterdamCees de Laat, delaat@science.uva.nl