Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
“If you put the federal government in charge of the Sahara Desert, in five years there'd be a shortage of sand.” Milton Friedman
POLITICS & POLITICAL IDEOLOGY
“Man is by nature a political animal!”
WHAT DOES ARISTOTLE MEAN IN HIS QUOTE? Explain.
DO YOU AGREE WITH ARISTOTLE? Why or why not?
POLITICS & POLITICAL IDEOLOGY
“POLITICS is the activity through which people make, preserve & amend the general rules under which they live.”
“What is POLITICS? What is the GOAL OF POLITICS?” (DEFINE the term “politics”)
HOW – By…1.) Exercising power over governmental institutions ELECTIONS2.) Mastering the “science of government” INSTITUTIONS3.) Making collective decisions NEGOTIATION4.) Allocating society’s resources
CONFLICT “Competition between opposing forces, reflecting a diversity of opinions, preferences, needs or interests.”
In society, different wants, needs, opinions & interests all exist!
“How is politics a STRUGGLE BETWEEN CONFLICT AND COOPERATION?”
COOPERATION “Working together; achieving goals through collective action.”
…but, people realize that they must work together to effectively influence rules & government!
POLITICS IS A SEARCH FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION VIEWS OR COMPETING INTERESTS ARE RECONCILED WITH ONE ANOTHER!
“What is POLITICAL IDEOLOGY?”
POLITICS & POLITICAL IDEOLOGYIdeology & Pragmatism
…an ideology begins with the belief that ‘things’ can be better; it is a plan to improve society by following certain doctrines!
“Principles have no real force except when one is well-fed.” Mark Twain
It is the VERBAL IMAGE of a ‘GOOD’ SOCIETY – and the “chief means of constructing that society!”
PRAGMATIC vs.
IDEOLOGUE
“Where do the terms LEFT and RIGHT come from?”
“Politics, it seems to me, for years, or all too long, has been concerned with right or left instead of right or wrong.” Richard Armour
“What do you think of when you hear LEFT and RIGHT in AMERICAN POLITICS?”
Stalin, Mao &… Gandhi? Pinochet, Bush &… Rand?
By adding a SOCIAL DIMENSION (y axis) you can show the actual differences between Stalin, Gandhi and Democrats; Pinochet,
Rand and Republicans!
“What is the problem with a LINEAR REPRESENTATION of political ideology?”
DEMOCRAT REPUBLICAN
“WHAT HISTORICAL FIGURE DO YOU SHARE A SPOT ON THE POLITICAL SPECTRUM WITH? WHAT WAS YOUR POLITICAL IDEOLOGY?”
COLLECTIVIST IDEOLOGY CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY…the “desire for the economy to be run by a cooperative collective agency” (the STATE OR a network of COMMUNES)
…the “desire for the economy to be left to competing individuals and organizations”
1.) Emphasizes the INTER-DEPENDENCE OF HUMANS and their RESOURCES and ABILITIES
2.) Priority of GROUP GOALS over INDIVIDUAL GOALS
1.) Promotes exercise of own goals and desires; values INDEPENDENCE and SELF-RELIANCE
2.) Advocates for INDIVIDUAL SOVEREIGNTY in a free market
“What are SOCIETAL characteristics of both ideologies?”
LEFT/RIGHT – X AXIS – ‘ECONOMIC ISSUES’
COLLECTIVIST IDEOLOGY CAPITALIST IDEOLOGYAUTHORITARIAN COLLECTIVIST: Stalin, Mao, Pol Pot
AUTHORITARIAN CAPITALIST: Augusto Pinochet
LEFT/RIGHT – X AXIS – ‘ECONOMIC ISSUES’
LIBERTARIAN COLLECTIVIST: Noam Chomsky, Gandhi
LIBERTARIAN CAPITALIST: Ayn Rand & Objectivism
Planned/regulated markets High or absolute taxation Limits on prop. Ownership Collectivization
Free and open markets Free/open trade Limited or no taxation Private Property
“What are SOCIETAL characteristics of both ideologies?”
AUTHORITARIAN/TOTALITARIAN IDEOLOGY
LIBERTARIAN IDEOLOGY…the “belief that individual freedom should be maximized”
…the “belief that authority should be obeyed”
1.) The State holds TOTAL AUTHORITY over SOCIETY; seeks to CONTROL ALL ASPECTS of PUBLIC/PRIVATE LIFE
1.) An emphasis is placed on INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY, POLITICAL FREEDOM and VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATION
“What are SOCIETAL characteristics of both ideologies?”
TOP/BOTTOM – Y AXIS – ‘SOCIAL ISSUES’
AUTHORITARIAN/TOTALITARIAN IDEOLOGY
LIBERTARIAN IDEOLOGY No (or very small) standing army Un-regulated behavior, social issues Freedom of association Free speech and media
Compulsory military service Regulated ind. behavior, social issues Censorship (speech/media/press) Subordination of personal interests
“What are SOCIETAL characteristics of both ideologies?”
TOP/BOTTOM – Y AXIS – ‘SOCIAL ISSUES’
“…the police, to protect men from criminals – the armed services, to protect men from foreign invaders – the law courts, to settle disputes among men according to objectively defined laws…” Ayn Rand
Complete ECONOMIC and SOCIAL FREEDOM for individuals.
Complete ECONOMIC and SOCIAL REGULATION by the state.
Complete ECONOMIC regulation by individuals, complete SOCIAL FREEDOM for individuals.
Complete ECONOMIC FREEDOM for individuals, complete SOCIAL REGULATION by the state.
CLOSENESS TO AN AXIS INDICATES MODERATE IDEOLOGY
“Where are MOST of the world’s governments on the POLITICAL SPECTRUM?”
AMERICAN POLITICSREMEMBER, this shows the WHOLE spectrum of political thought. NOT JUST THE NATIONAL AVERAGE!
“Where are MOST AMERICAN POLITICIANS on the POLITICAL SPECTRUM?” – WHY?
“What’s the difference?!”
