IDP Protection Monitoring Overview (August to December 2020)...2021/03/19 · Cabo Delgado |Chiure, Cidade De Pemba, Mecufi, Metuge and Montepuez. Creation date:16 March 2021 Sources:UNHCR,

Creation date: 16 March 2021 Sources: UNHCR, CARE Feedback: Eduardo Burmeister - [email protected], Cabo Delgado Protection Cluster Coord. | Iñigo Ballester - [email protected], IMO

Male | Female

PSN gender distribution

Reported PSN rate

This report is based on a monitoring exercise prepared by the Cluster members and IDP information collected by UNHCR/CARE Protection monitors during August 2020 to December 2020 over several locations around Chiure, Cidade De Pemba, Mecufi, Metuge and Montepuez district. The size of sample population was chosen based on a 95% confidence level and 6% margin of error over the estimated total IDP population in the monitored area.

The humanitarian situation in northern Mozambique is primarily a protection crisis. Since October 2017 Cabo Delgado, the least developed province in Mozambique, has

increasingly been targeted by the actions of non-State Armed Groups (NSAG), resulting in forced displacement and serious protection incidents against civilians. These violent actions, initially a in a restricted area of the province since 2017, have rapidly expanded its geographic scope throughout 2020, with the NSAG gaining effective control of part of the territory since August 2020. By the same token, the attacks have become more sophisticated, with use of heavy weaponry and increased number of combatants. This also prompted a more robust military response. As a result, displacement has increased at unprecedented levels, with IDPs facing protection concerns at the moment of flight, throughout their displacement and upon arriving in areas of displacement. In 2020 alone there was an increase of more than 800% in the number of IDPs, when compared to the situation in the end of 2019.

Protection actors work to respond to two different sets of needs: (i) immediate life-saving response to individuals that have recently arrived from areas of conflict and (ii) medium term or long term needs to the IDPs that have reached a semi-permanent area of refuge, requiring life-sustaining and longer term interventions.The protection concerns are many, including reports of serious human rights violations, particularly affecting women and children. Protection issues reported to the Protectio Cluster include gender-based violence against women and children, kidnapping, recruitment, forced marriage and torture. In areas of refuge, scarcity of resources and increased arrival of IDPs have resulted in frictions and stigmatization of groups as well as simmering conflict with the host population. Lack of civil documentation and access to livelihoods are additional elements that further exacerbate the vulnerability of individuals and, therefore, their protection needs on the ground.

1412 persons (one individual per hh) were randomly selected in the area and interviewed. 58% of the respondents were women of different ages and 42% were men, with a higher sample population presence over the 18 to 59 years range.

IDP district of origin is reported as Macomia for 38% of the respondants, followed by 21% from Mocimboa Da Praia, and 16% from Quissanga.

The reported PSN felt under one or more types, being Person with disability (45%) the most reported one, followed by Older person at risk (18%), and Chronical Medical Condition (14%).

DEMOGRAPHICS DISTRICT OF ORIGIN PERSONS WITH SPECIFIC NEEDS

Protection Cluster Mozambique

IDP Protection Monitoring Overview (August to December 2020)Cabo Delgado | Chiure, Cidade De Pemba, Mecufi, Metuge and Montepuez


Overall, 93% of the respondents reported Food Security as the main type of assistance received, followed by NFI (incl. clothes and blankets) reported by the 32% and WASH (13%).

Overall, 78% of the respondents reported Food Security as a main need, followed by NFI (incl. clothes and blankets) reported by the 68% and Shelter (46%).

61% report getting some kind of aid.

49% of the respondents had a positive perception on the organizations providing assistance.

Overall, 59% of the respondents reported UN / NGO as the main assistance provider.

Overall, 71% of the respondents indicated Assistance is not sufficient as main key issue faced, followed by Diversion of Humanitarian Assistance reported by the 27% and Safety issue (23%).

A 53% of the respondents reported to direct their complaints to Community leader, followed by No Complaint mechanism reported by the 16% and Local authorities (14%). Fear to authorities and/or fear of reprisals was reported as the main cause for not denouncing.

The preferred solution for most respondents is Integration (58%) , followed by Relocation (23%) and Return (17%)

A 57% of the respondents reported their main source for information is Friends, followed by Family reported by the 45% and Government (33%).

45% of the respondents reported having no Legal assistance documentation whatsoever.

PROTECTION PRIORITY NEEDS ASSISTANCE PROVIDED

PERCEPTION ON ORGANIZATIONSORGANIZATIONS PROVIDING AIDCOMPLAINT MECHANISMS KEY ISSUES

SOLUTION PREFERREDINFORMATION ON CURRENT IDP SITUATION

LACK OF LEGAL DOCUMENTS REASONS FOR NO DOCUMENTS

LEGAL DOCUMENTS SITUATION




PROTECTION CLUSTER PARTNERS

Childrenreferrals (%)

Percentage of interviewees reporting a protection incident (either witnessed or experienced)

* PRM/Police might include Military forces

Lack of employment or income sources is clearly one of the main issues, with 93% of the respondents reporting not getting any income. The corresponding rate for women is 94%, while men experience a 92% rate.

A 26% of the respondents reported Assault (non GBV) incidents, followed by Kidnapping reported by the 21% and Murder (20%). Some of the incidents reported might have taken place not only at their current location but also during displacement and on their places of origin.

From the interviewees who witnessed or experienced an incident, 23% reported that they denounced it, whilst 77% reported they didn’t.

A 56% of the respondents reported Don’t know as the main reason the did not denounce, followed by Fear of reprisal reported by the 47% and Lack of confidence in the authorities (11%).

A 46% of the respondents reported Man (18 to 59) as who suffered the incident, followed by Woman (18 to 59) reported by the 39% and Girl (12 to 17) (17%).

A 46% of the respondents reported Armed group / insurgents as perpetrator, followed by Civilian population reported by the 18% and Community leader (14%).

The reported referral specific needs felt under one or more types, being Person with disability the most reported one with a 39% followed by Child/Adolescent at Risk with 28% and Older person at risk (27%).

The reported referral service needs felt under one or more types, being Food Security the most reported one with 84% followed by Shelter with 58% and NFI (incl. clothes and blankets) (57%).

Previously to the displacement, the main jobs/activities reported by the respondents were Subsistence farming (49%), Small Business / vendor (16%) and Student (9%).

The Protection Cluster in Cabo includes the area of responsibility of GBV and Child Protection as well as AIFO, AVSI, Ayuda en Accion, CARE International, Caritas Germany, Doctors with Africa / CUAMM, Fundacion IBO, ICRC, IOM, Doctors without Borders / MSF, Save the Children, UNFPA, UNHCR, UNICEF and WFP.

We are grateful for the critical financial support provided by donors who have contributed to the work of the Protection Cluster in Cabo Delgado, such as the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF), the European Union’s Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO) and the United States of America (PRM).

SAFETY AND PROTECTION INCIDENTS

REPORTED RATE WHY NOT REPORTED

WHO SUFFERED THE INCIDENT REPORTED PERPETRATOR

PREVIOUS INCOME SOURCES CURRENT INCOME CONDITIONS

REFERRAL SPECIAL NEEDS AND SERVICES

INCOME AND LABOUR SITUATION



Documents

IDP Protection Monitoring Overview (August to December 2020)...2021/03/19 · Cabo Delgado |Chiure, Cidade De Pemba, Mecufi, Metuge and Montepuez. Creation date:16 March 2021 Sources:UNHCR,