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IdentificaIdentificación y ción y descripción de descripción de
personaspersonas
Mosaicos, pp. 9 and 10Mosaicos, pp. 9 and 10
How much Spanish do you know?
Cognates You may know more Spanish than you
think!
For example, you can already recognize the meaning of some Spanish words that look like their English counterparts. These words are called “cognates.”
Examples: pizza (pizza), restaurante (restaurant), pasaporte (passport).
Cognates (cont.)
Malena is studying Spanish.
Can you help her translate Spanish cognates into English?
First, we will learn cognates that use the same form for both masculine and feminine gender.
Modelo 1:
arrogante
=
arrogant
Modelo 2:
competente
=
competent
As you see, Spanish words that end in –ante or –ente correspond to English
words that end in –ant or –ent:
importante = important
independiente = independent
Now, follow this simple rule to find the English equivalent to these
Spanish words.
eficiente
elegante
inteligente
valiente
eficiente = efficient
elegante = elegant
inteligente = intelligent
valiente = valiant
Some words are a bit different…
paciente
interesante
Some words are a bit different…
paciente = patient
interesante = interesting
Spanish words ending in –ista
=
English words ending in –istic / -ist:
idealista = idealistic
perfeccionista = perfectionist
Now, follow this simple rule to find the English equivalent to these
Spanish words
materialista
pesimista
optimista
materialista = materialistic
pesimista = pessimistic
optimista = optimistic
Spanish words ending in -cial
correspond to
English words ending in –tial:
(im)parcial = (im)partial
Spanish words ending in -cional
correspond to
English words ending in –tional:
tradicional = traditional
In some cases, there is no rule but Spanish and English words are still
very similar:
rebelde = rebel
responsable = responsible
In other cases, Spanish words look exactly the same as their English
translation:
popular = popularterrible = terrible
sentimental = sentimental
Let’s learn more cognates related to two friends of Malena:
David and John.
David es…
extrovertido
romántico
tranquilo
David es…
extrovertido = extroverted
romántico = romantic
tranquilo = tranquil
David también (also) es…
atlético
moderno
tímido
David también (also) es…
atlético = athletic
moderna = modern
tímico = timid
David también (also) es…
dinámico
generoso
religioso
David también (also) es…
dinámico = dynamic
generoso = generous
religioso = religious
David and John are very different.
John es…
atractivo
ambicioso
lógico
John es…
atractivo = attractive
ambicioso = ambitious
lógico = logical
John también es…
pasivo
serio
agresivo
John también es…
pasivo = passive
serio = serious
agresivo = aggressive
John también es…
cómico
impulsivo
creativo
John también es…
cómico = comical
impulsivo = impulsive
creativo = creative
As you see, there are many Spanish – English cognates.
False cognates
However, some words look like cognates, but do not have the
same meaning in both languages.
These are called “false cognates.”
False cognates (cont.)
Examples:
Lectura looks like lecture but means reading.Éxito looks like exit but means success.Embarazada looks like embarrassed but means pregnant.
¡Buen trabajo!
Hoy hemos aprendido (He have learned) vocabulario sobre la identificación y
descripción de personas.