IBS for Engineer

Rosenberger Asia Pacific Electronic Co., Ltd. TCC, 06.02.2006

Rosenberger S-CellIn-Building Solutions

(IBS)

R

Rosenberger Asia Pacific Electronic Co., Ltd.


Today s topics0. Rosenberger worldwide1. Concept of IBS2. Line amplifier3. Passive equipment4. Connector installation5. Design case study


0. Rosenberger worldwide

Production and sales

RepresentativesSales offices


1. Concept of IBS


1.11.1 Why should we construct IBSWhy should we construct IBSIBS means Wireless In-Building Solutions

Powerwaves picture


1.11.1 Why should we construct IBSWhy should we construct IBSHuge quantities of buildings


1.11.1 Why should we construct IBSWhy should we construct IBS

Stadium

Hotel

Restaurant

Businessmansion


1.11.1 Why should we construct IBSWhy should we construct IBS


1.21.2 Where to be needed IBSWhere to be needed IBS

CellularCellular design concept, design concept, invented by AT&T in 1958invented by AT&T in 1958

BTSBTS at the center of every at the center of every cellcell

CellsCells must overlapmust overlap



Coverage

Solving the problem about no wireless signal area



Poor coverage, low bitPoor coverage, low bit--rates rates for data services and for data services and unacceptable quality.unacceptable quality.

From macro cellFrom macro cell



Using repeaterUsing repeater

Poor coverage, low bitPoor coverage, low bit--rates rates for data services and for data services and unacceptable quality.unacceptable quality.



Capacity

Increasing simultaneous communication ability



500 network capacity 500 network capacity



Remove mall patronsRemove mall patrons

500 network capacity 500 network capacity >> 400 total users400 total users

Creating an Creating an individual individual infrastructureinfrastructure



Quality

Improving wireless signal environment on the upper floors



zz Offices / industriesOffices / industries

zz Airports and bus / train stationsAirports and bus / train stations

zz Conference and exhibition Conference and exhibition centrescentres

zz HospitalsHospitals

zz HotelsHotels

zz Shopping mallsShopping malls


1.31.3 What is IBSWhat is IBSEvenly distribute signals into every corner


1.31.3 What is IBSWhat is IBS

Features of IBSFeatures of IBS


1.4 Methods to achieve IBS1.4 Methods to achieve IBS

Direct access to BTS

Stable signal sourceIncreasing network capacity



Coupling from adjacent BTS

Stable signal sourceCost-efficient

Directional Coupler

To mobile phone



Using repeater

Construct quickly

BTS

Retransmission antenna

Donor antenna

cable

Repeater


1.4 Methods to achieve IBS1.4 Methods to achieve IBSHuge amounts of buildings



Tunnel application


1.4 Methods to achieve IBS1.4 Methods to achieve IBSRepeater block diagram


1.51.5 Constitution of IBSConstitution of IBS

BTSRepeater

BTSRepeater

Passive DASActive DAS

Leakage cable DAS

Passive DASActive DAS

Leakage cable DAS

Signal sourceSignal source DASDAS


1.51.5 Constitution of IBSConstitution of IBS

DASDASDistributed antenna systemDistributed antenna system


1.61.6 Several approaches for getting signalSeveral approaches for getting signal

Passive distribution system and Active distribution system

Using BTS


1.61.6 Several approaches for getting signalSeveral approaches for getting signalLine amplifier block diagram


1.61.6 Several approaches for getting signalSeveral approaches for getting signalUsing adjacent BTS

Repeater

Repeater


1.61.6 Several approaches for getting signalSeveral approaches for getting signal

Using repeaterRepeater

Repeater

Donor


1.71.7 Basic approaches for signal coverageBasic approaches for signal coverage

Passive coverage

InnerWireless picture



Active coverage - 1




Active coverage - 2


1.71.7 Basic approaches for signal coverageBasic approaches for signal coverageLeakage cable coverage

Repeater

Micro BTS

Signals

Com

biner


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering construction

Proposal design

Site survey

Theory validation

Procurement

Installation & Construction

Checking & Acceptance

Wireless service initiation



Original signal informationBasic surveyBuilding location( longitude & latitude )

Installing condition

Storey

plane structure

wall direction

location of equipment room

LAC ( location area code )

CID ( cell identity )

Channel number

Signal strength


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionTheory validationFormula of indoor space transmission loss

L is transmission loss between the antenna and the testing pointd is the path between the antenna and the testing point,f is the carrier frequency, : glass 6 ~ 10dB

partition 10 ~ 15dBprefab board 20 ~ 30dB

L (dB) = 20log10d (m) + 30log10f (MHz) 28 +



Signal sourceSignal source

Distribution of electric fieldDistribution of electric field

Reverse S/N RatioReverse S/N Ratio

IntermodulationIntermodulation

Balance of forward & reverse linkBalance of forward & reverse link

Transmission lossTransmission loss

Construction difficultyConstruction difficulty

7 factors to be concerned in proposal design


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionProposal design

General Design Engineering Material list

Project general

Foundation

Engineer scale

Principle

System specs.

Equipment specs.

Site survey

Source selection

Antenna location

System configuration

Simulation

Spillover analysis

Device room

Cable layout

Component installation

Equipment list

Accessories list

Tech. Specs.


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionGSM system specificationsDrop-off rate < 1Edge level > -75 dBm

Interference protection in same frequency range

C/I 12 dBwithout frequency hoppingC/I 9 dB frequency hopping

Uplink noise < -125 dBm

Typical power at antenna port 5 ~ 15 dBm ( except for lift well )

Outdoor overflow signal < -85 dBm

Hand-over success probability > 95 %

Area with RxQual better than level 3 > 95 %

Turn-on rate > 95 % (more than 95% area can be turned on)



CDMA System SpecificationsFER < 1 %

Outdoor overflow signal < -90 dBm

Typical power at antenna port 5 ~ 15 dBm

TX < - 10 dBm

Rx_level > - 85 dBm

Ec/Io in 90% of area > - 8 dB



PreparationPreparation

StartStart

Tool, material preparationTool, material preparation

Technical preparation

Technical preparation

Equipment entryEquipment entry

Cable distributionCable distribution InstallationInstallation

LabelLabelCriteriaCriteria Installation criteriaInstallation criteria

CommissioningCommissioning

Checking materialChecking material

Site clean upSite clean up

EndEndConstruction


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionMinimum bending radius of feeder cables

Repeated Bending Radius Single Bending Radius1/2 super flexible 30 mm 15 mm

1/2 regular 120 mm 50 mm7/8 regular 240 mm 90 mm

Distance of feeder clips1/2 cable 7/8 calbe

Horizontal distribution 1.5 m 2.0 m

Vertical distribution 1.0 m 1.5 m

Label requirementsAntenna ANTn-mPower splitter PSn-mDirectional coupler Tn-mCombiner CBn-mTermination load LDn-mCable Start: to-equipment End: from-equipmentNoten is the equipment number, m is floor number where the equipment is installed.



Engineering quality

System quality



Shared infrastructure model




Typical infrastructure model



Legend



1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionInnerWireless pictureRetail venues



Campus Venues





WLAN 1



WLAN 2




WLAN frequency band


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionMaterial and componentsConnectorCablePower splitterDirectional coupler3 dB 90 hybrid ( 3 dB quadrature hybrid )CombinerAttenuatorTermination loadAntenna



Connector

Low insert lossLow VSWREasy to be installed



1/2 S Super flexible

1/2 Flexible

7/8 Flexible

Cable


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionR

L

(

d

B

)

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

4038

363432

302826

2422

2018161412

f ( MHz )

Cable return loss

26 dB

Competitors:410 - 470 MHz < 24 dB 824 - 970 MHz < 24 dB

1700 - 2200 MHz < 24 dB



0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 30001

1.011.03

1.041.051.07

1.081.091.11

1.121.13

1.151.161.171.191.2

f ( MHz )

V

S

W

R

Cable VSWR - voltage standing wave ratio

Typical1.1 : 1



2-way

3-way

4-way

Cavity power splitter

High power ratingLow insert loss



2-way

3-way

4-way

Microstrip power splitter

High isolationLow VSWR



Coupling attenuation5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 20, 25, 30 dB

Directional coupler

Coupling port



Output port

Input port3dB 90 3dB 90 hybridhybrid

High power ratingHigh isolation


1.8 IBS engineering construction1.8 IBS engineering constructionCommon port

Branch port A

Branch port B

Supply many types of combiners with various connectors

Combiner



AttenuatorAttenuator



Power rating from 2 to 50W

Termination loadTermination load



Ceiling mounted

Wall mounted

Antenna

Easy to be installed


1.9 1.9 How to judge a good project about IBS

In-Building Wireless Deployment Schematic

Seamless in-building connectivity

Obsolescence-resistant

Support of all major wireless carriers

Support for future services

Especially 3G


2. Line amplifier


2.1 Front & rear outline2.1 Front & rear outline

Special key


2.2 Principle diagram2.2 Principle diagram

Duplexer

Duplexer

DownlinkRF HPA

UplinkRF LAN

PowerSupply

CPU &Modem

BS port MS portRS232 port


2.3 Modules in2.3 Modules in--cabinetcabinet

TX RX

TX RX7

3456

12

1. 2. 3. 4. 20dB5. CPU6. 7.

1. Duplexer2. Uplink LNA3. Power supply4. 20dB coupler5. CPU board6. Duplexer7. Downlink HPA

Data cable

CD-ROM


2.4 Bottom outline2.4 Bottom outline

Power cable


2.5 Explanation of bottom outline2.5 Explanation of bottom outline

1. BS connetor2. GND3. Limiter LED4. Alarm LED5. MS connetor6. Power supply

Note:1. BS connetor: Signal facing donor Base station (BS)2. MS connetor: Signal facing mobile phone (MS) Grounding wire


2.6 Schematic installation2.6 Schematic installation


3. Passive equipment


3.1 3.1 22--wayway cavity power splittercavity power splitter

50

Input

Output A17

Output B17

Output VSWR3 : 1



Input

Output A

Output B



2-way

High power rating> 700W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for 7> 700W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for 7--1616> 300W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for> 300W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for NN

Low insertion loss< 0.1dB dissipative loss< 0.1dB dissipative loss

Input VSWR< 1.2 : 1< 1.2 : 1

Total Insertion loss ( for IBS project )Total Insertion loss ( for IBS project )3.1 dB

P/N: SLS-2-6F-DF, for 7-16P/N: SLS-2-6F-NF, for N



50

Input

Output A10

Output B10

Output C10

Output VSWR5 : 1


3.2 3.2 33--wayway cavity power splittercavity power splitterHigh power rating

> 700W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for 7> 700W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for 7--1616> 300W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for> 300W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for NN


Input VSWR< 1.2 : 1< 1.2 : 1


3-wayP/N: SLS-3-6F-DF, for 7-16P/N: SLS-3-6F-NF, for N



50

Input

Output A7

Output B7

Output C7

Output D7

Output VSWR7 : 1


3.3 3.3 44--wayway cavity power splittercavity power splitterHigh power rating

> 700W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for 7> 700W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for 7--1616> 300W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for> 300W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz for NN


Input VSWR< 1.2 : 1< 1.2 : 1


4-wayP/N: SLS-4-6F-DF, for 7-16P/N: SLS-4-6F-NF, for N


3.4 23.4 2--WayWay microstripmicrostrip power splitterpower splitter

2-way

High isolation> 20dB @ 0.8~2.5 GHz

Low VSWR< 1.2 : 1 @ 0.8~2.5 GHz

Total Insertion loss ( for IBS project )3.2 dB

P/N: SLSM-2-6F-DF, for 7-16P/N: SLSM-2-6F-NF, for N




Low VSWR< 1.2 : 1 @ 0.8~2.5 GHz


3-way





Low VSWR< 1.2 : 1 @ 0.8~2.5 GHz


4-way



3.7 23.7 2--WayWay microstripmicrostrip power splitter power splitter DownlinkDownlink

Input

Output A

Output C

Output B

Power rating50 watts


3.7 33.7 3--WayWay microstripmicrostrip power splitter power splitter UplinkUplink

Input

Output A

Output C

Output B

Attention! Power rating 1 watts each


3.8 Directional coupler 3.8 Directional coupler -- DownlinkDownlink

Input

CouplingOutput


3.9 Directional coupler 3.9 Directional coupler -- UplinkUplink

Input

CouplingOutput


3.10 3.10 MicrostripMicrostrip directional couplerdirectional coupler

0.20.23030SLDCMSLDCM--3030--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF0.20.22525SLDCMSLDCM--2525--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF0.30.32020SLDCMSLDCM--2020--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF0.40.41515SLDCMSLDCM--1515--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF0.50.51313SLDCMSLDCM--1313--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF0.80.81010SLDCMSLDCM--1010--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF1.21.288SLDCMSLDCM--88--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF1.577SLDCMSLDCM--77--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF1.71.766SLDCMSLDCM--66--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DF2.32.355SLDCMSLDCM--55--6F6F--NF/DFNF/DFMain loss, dBMain loss, dBCoupling, dBCoupling, dBType numberType number


3.11 Cavity coupler3.11 Cavity coupler

Input

Coupling

Output



Coupling attenuation5, 6, 7, 10, 15, 25, 25, 30, 40 dB

INPUT VSWR < 1.2 : 1< 1.2 : 1

Input

5-15 dB

20-40 dB



0.10.14040SLCSLC--4040--6F6F--NFNF0.10.13030SLCSLC--3030--6F6F--NFNF0.10.12525SLCSLC--2525--6F6F--NFNF0.10.12020SLCSLC--2020--6F6F--NFNF0.20.21515SLCSLC--1515--6F6F--NFNF0.50.51010SLCSLC--1010--6F6F--NFNF1.01.077SLCSLC--77--6F6F--NFNF1.31.366SLCSLC--66--6F6F--NFNF1.71.755SLCSLC--55--6F6F--NFNFMain loss, dBMain loss, dBCoupling, dBCoupling, dBType numberType number


3.12 3.12 3dB 903dB 90hybrid (3dBhybrid (3dB quadraturequadrature hybrid)hybrid)Tx / Rx RxBTS

antenna A antenna BMS side


3.12 3.12 3dB 903dB 90hybrid (3dBhybrid (3dB quadraturequadrature hybrid)hybrid)

Output port

Input portHigh power rating> 120W @ 0.8~2.5 GHz


Coupling attenuation( for IBS project )3.2 dB

P/N: SLHM-3-6F-DF, for 7-16P/N: SLHM-3-6F-NF, for N


3.13 Combiner3.13 Combiner

GSM900BTS

GSM 1800BTS

DAS


3.13 Combiner3.13 CombinerTotal Insertion loss ( for IBS project )

0.5 dB

P/N: SLCB-2-CU-NF


3.13 Combiner3.13 Combiner

P/N: SLCB-3-GGU-NF



3.14 Attenuator3.14 Attenuator

2 watts

5 watts


3.14 Attenuator3.14 Attenuator

3030SLASLA--3030--XX--NN2020SLASLA--2020--XX--NN1515SLASLA--1515--XX--NN1010SLASLA--1010--XX--NN66SLASLA--66--XX--NN33SLASLA--33--XX--NNAttenuation, dBAttenuation, dBType numberType number

Remark: X=2 for 2 watts, X=5 for 5 watts


3.15 Termination load3.15 Termination load


3.15 Termination load3.15 Termination load

5050SLLSLL--5050--XYXY3030SLLSLL--3030--XYXY2020SLLSLL--2020--XYXY1010SLLSLL--1010--NYNY55SLLSLL--55--NMNM22SLLSLL--22--NMNMPower rating, WPower rating, WType numberType number

Remark: X=D for 7-16 connector, X=N for N connectorY=M for male connector, Y=F for female connector


3.16 Ceiling mounted antenna3.16 Ceiling mounted antenna

P/N: S-Wave6F-OD-2-CAP/N: S-Wave6F-OD-2-CA-02


3.16 Ceiling mounted antenna3.16 Ceiling mounted antenna


3.17 Wall mounted antenna3.17 Wall mounted antenna

P/N: S-Wave6F-90-7-W-CA


4. Connector installation


Connector Installation(53S1C6-C03, 53K1C6-C0360S1C6-C03, 60K1C6-C03)

for 1/2R Cable

4.1 Connector for 1/2R cable


4.1.1 Mechanical characteristics

1. Used for 1/2R corrugated cable2. Center conductor plugged3. Outer conductor clamped4. Connector consist of Part A and B


4.1.2 Installation tools1. Stripping tool(60W007-C03-C)2. Enlarging tool3. 22# wrench4. 22# wrench5. Hacksaw6. Pliers7. Rasp & file8. Clean cloth


Before stripping, saw the first 50mm cable, then make the cut flat and the cable straight for 200mm long at the very least.

4.1.3 Step 1


4.1.4 Step 2

Insert the cable into the stripping tool, then rotate the stripping tool in the clockwise direction.


After the first stripping, the outer condutor may be not cut on the peak of corrugation.

Peak of corregation

4.1.5 Step 3


After the first stripping, the outer condutor may be not cut on the peak of corrugation.

cuta

peak Note the length of a!

4.1.6 Step 4


We should clip the center conductor by the length of a and strip the cable again.

4.1.7 Step 5


Shave the center conductor and outer conductor. Copper corrugattion must be polished.

4.1.8 Step 6


Stripping requirement

4.1.9 Step 7


After the stripping the outer conductor must be on the peak of the corrugation.

15mm

12mm

4.1.10 Step 8


Clean the center conductor, the dielectric and the outer conductor.

4.1.11 Step 9


Remove and seperate the connector into A and B part.

4.1.12 Step 10


Slide part B onto the cable until it snaps in at first corrugation valley.

4.1.13 Step 11


Pattern standard

4.1.14 Step 12


Pay more attention that the ferrule must be snaped in the first corrugation valley.

4.1.15 Step 13


Enlarging pattern

Enlarging tool

Outer conductor

Center conductor

4.1.16 Step 14


Enlarge the outer conductor and chamfer the center conductor with enlarging tool.

4.1.16 Step 14


Clean the center conductor, the dielectric and the outer conductor again.

4.1.17 Step 15


Fix the part B and screw the part A with hands to join the partB.

4.1.18 Step 16


Fix the part B and screw the part A to join the part B. Finally tighten them with two wrenches.

4.1.19 Step 17


Standard for space

4.1.20 Step 18


4.1.21 Done


Connector Installation(53S1C6-C05, 53K1C6-C05,60S1C6-C05, 60K1C6-C05)

for 7/8R Cable

4.2 Connector for 7/8R cable


4.2.1 Connector outline


1. Used for 7/8R corrugated cable2. Center conductor plugged3. Outer conductor clamped4. Connector consist of Part A, B and C

4.2.2 Mechanical characteristics


4.2.3 Installation tools

1. Stripping tool(60W007-C05)2. 22# Wrench3. 32# Wrench4. 32# Wrench5. Hacksaw6. Pincers7. Ruler8. Knife9. Brush10. Rasp & file


Before stripping, saw the first 50mm cable, then make the cut flat and the cable straight for at least 200mm long.

4.2.4 Step 1


4.2.5 Step 2

Then use the smaller blade to cut the jacket by turning the striping tool


A knife is also necessary.

4.2.6 Step 3


Peel off the jacket.

4.2.7 Step 4


Put the valley in the fixation ring, the bigger blade will match peak of the corrugation automaticly. Rotate stripping tool follow the marker attached

4.2.8 Step 5


In the same time the smaller blade will mark a loop on the jacket so that you can remove the redundant part easily

28

4.2.9 Step 6


1 is called part A, 2 plus 3 are called part B

Separate the connector into two parts shown in chart. Do not hurt the inner surface.

4.2.10 Step 7


4.2.11 Step 8

Dont separate part B; If you open it, please connect as the chart.

Rubberwasher

Metalwasher


Insert part B and C onto the cable ,then put the spring circle into the wave though. Dont tightly fix part B with part C.

2 34.2.12 Step 9


Press the insulation part.

4.2.13 Step 10


Insert the guide shaft into the inner connector, rotate, flare the outer conductor. Deburr the connector. Dont move the rubber plug.

4.2.14 Step 11



4.2.15 Step 12



4.2.16 Step 13


Insert part 1 to the cable and connect part 2

4.2.17 Step 14


4.2.18 Step 15


Fix Part 2 with Spanner 32# and screw Part 1 with Spanner 22# to the end.

4.2.19 Step 16


Fix Part 3 with Spanner 32# and screw Part 2 with Spanner 32# to the end.

4.2.20 Step 17


Fix part A with part B

4.2.21 Step 18


4.2.22 Done


5. Design case study


5.1 Signal source Single zone - Only one cell and one DAS (Distributed Antenna System) connected to this cell Dual zone - Used for bigger building and one cell can not cover the whole building and have to use two DAS (such as cell + line amplifier or two cells)- The line amplifier or second cell must be put in difference area, not in the first cell


5.2 Verification of the signal source Scale of coverage area- The proportion- The structure of the building Traffic measure - Traffic = (mobile0.025) Erl (traffic per mobile subscriber is 25 mErlangwith GOS included)- Carriers and traffic

48.742.1234.6828.2521.0414.048.22.28Erl87654321Carriers


5.3 Step by step design procedures Total survey- Preparation- BTS distribution around the site and the building location and structure- Site coverage requirement- Instrument and documentation preparation- Locale survey- Building proportion, distribution and floor function, lift location- Distribution of electric field in the coverage area- The amount of the mobile users


5.3 Step by step design procedures Electric field survey- BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel), BCCH signal strength, BSIC (Base Station Identity Code), LAC (Location Area Code), CI (Cell Identity), C1, C2 and RxQual- Statistics of turn-on rate, dropped call rate, the handover and electromagnetic disturbance area- Ping-Pang effect area and BCCH signal strength- Islanding effect area and BCCH signal strength- Neighbouring cell BCCH and neighbouring cell BCCH signal strength- Dead zone and weak signal zone- Roaming signal area and BCCH signal strength- Frequency hopping or not and the cell name


5.3 Step by step design procedures Verification of signal source Simulation- Based on electric field survey of the coverage area, make the first design and simulate according to the antennas location and fix on the last antennas location- Make the simulation analyze report with the result of simulation. Based on the survey data, carry out proposal design- Proposal design is the gist of project price and install, as well as the key of network optimization and quality of DAS


5.4 Site Survey Site location (site address, longitude and latitude) Building floor number, total area and the structure Coverage area description (floor number, proportion) Location and amount of building stair half, lifts and electric shaft The storey where lifts arrive The place where cable enter lift shaft Location of the active equipments The spare space of route in electric shaft Ensure the route of the cable installation Location of the power supply and how connected to the active equipments Location of the grounding and the earth resistance


5.5 Floor Plan survey Get the floor plan the other information from the owner Learn the building exact proportion and the structure(location of electric shaft and the lifts) Draw the floor plan in detail(storey size, rooms and walkway, location of electric shaft and the lifts) if the owner cant provide Draw all floor plan for the different storey and just one for the same structure storey Draw the pillar and the stair for reference and sign the passageway on it Sign the location of antennas and active device and the route of cable on the floor plan when survey


5.6 Use of the passive equipment Antenna selected: the coverage area, the frequency range, the building structure and the owner requirement Combinethe hybrid is for the same frequency network and the combiner is for the different frequency network, but the power splitter can not be used as combiner or hybrid because the return loss is not good for the BTS Power ratingselect the passive device according to the feed-in power.For example, micro BTS output shall combine with hybrid which power rating is upwards to 40 watts, as well as the power splitter and coupler Isolationto exclude disturbance when combine, consider of the device isolation the hybrid which isolation is upwards to 20dB is for the same frequency network and the combiner which isolation is upwards to 80dB is for the different frequency network


5.6 Use of the passive equipment Power distributed distribute power using the coupler or power splitter.For example coupler with coupling attenuation 5/6/7/8/10/13/15/20/25/30dB and power splitter with 2-way/3-way/4-way Frequency range:selected passive device according to the systemfrequency range requirement Cable selected:select the different attenuation cable according to the transmission loss and the active device input/output port shall be connected with super flexible jumper cable Othersthe price and capability ratio, the installation environment


5.7 Creating the materials list Materials list shall consist of the material name, part number, quantity and suppler The part number and quantity in materials list must correspond to the system diagram

All the main materials quantity such as repeater, power splitters couplers etc. must be exact right, but the cable and the connectors shall be free 10% for spare, as well as the assistant material Attach the specification of main materials below the materials list


5.8 Verification of solution for a single zone Design theory- Typical power at antenna port: 5 ~ 15 dBm ( except for lift well ) and the exact power at antenna port shall follow the result of simulation- To reject the roaming, the edge level must be stronger 6dB than the current level- To distribute the traffic, the edge level must be stronger 6dB than the current level- To solve the islanding effect, the edge level must be stronger 6dB than the current level- For the Ping-Pang effect,adjust the resource BTS cell_reselect C2 to 5


5.8 Verification of solution for a single zone GSM System Specifications

- Turn-on rate: > 95 % (more than 95% area can be turned on)- Edge level: > -85 dBm- Traffic per mobile subscriber: 25m Erlang- GOS: 2%- Uplink noise: < -120 dBm- Area with RxQual better than level 3: > 95 %- Hand-over success probability: > 95 %- Interference protection in same frequency range

C/I: 12 dBwithout frequency hoppingC/I: 9 dB frequency hopping


5.8 Verification of solution for a single zone Signal even coverage with distribute antenna systems For the building area less than 15,000m2 Transmit signal to all building area using cable, couplers and power splitters


12.4dBm ANT3-1F13.9dBm -1.5dB/21m

28.5dBm

20.1dBm-1.2dB/16m

18.9dBm

24.4dBm-1.6dB/22m

22.8dBm

-2.4dB/35m

26.1dBm

14.1dBm

14.1dBm

11.3dBm14.1dBm -2.8dB/39m 11.3dBm

-2.8dB/39mANT2-2F

ANT1-2F

ANT3-2F

12.8dBm9.8dBm

9.8dBm

8.3dBm-1.5dB/20m

ANT1-1F

ANT2-1F

9.8dBm

12.3dBm ANT4-1F

9.9dBm

9.9dBm

8.9dBm-1dB/13m

ANT5-1F

ANT6-1F

9.9dBm

13.9dBm -1.6dB/22m

22dBm-1.4dB/19m

20.4dBm18.7dBm

14.4dBm

-1.5dB/21m 12.9dBm

12.6dBm

MicroBTS

T1-2F/6dB

T1-1F/6dB

5.8 Verification of solution for a single zone

Specifications6 dB coupler insertion loss 1.7dB

10 dB coupler insertion loss 0.8dB 1/2" cable attenuation 7dB/100m@900MHz15dB~30dB coupler insertion loss 0.4dB 7/8" cable attenuation 4dB/100m@900MHz2-way power splitter split loss :3.0dB nominal 13/8 cable attenuation 2.4dB/100m@900MHz3-way power splitter split loss :4.8dB nominal 4-way power splitter split loss :6.0dB nominal

T2-1F/10dB

PS1-2F

PS1-1F

PS2-1F

PS3-1F

12.8dBm

11.8dBm ANT3-1F13.9dBm -2.1dB/30m

-1.5dB/21m


5.8 Verification of solution for a single zone

Formula of space transmission lossL (dB) = 20logd (m) + 20logf (MHz) 28 d is the path between the antenna and the testing point,

f is the carrier frequency, Transmission loss in : glass 6 ~ 10dB partition 10 ~ 15dB prefab board 20 ~ 30dB

30 meters

S

(1) Power at antenna port8dBm(2) 30 meters of space transmission loss: -60dB

(3) Antenna gainG=2.1dBi(4) Partition loss + multipath fading: -25dB

(5) Signal strength at S: PR=8 +2.1-60 -25= -74.9dBm

Coverage area electric field analysis


5.9 Verification of solution for a dual zone

MeasureModem

Line amplifier specifications- Gain20~40dBuplink25~ 45dBdownlink- Output power -10dBm (Uplink)37dBm/carrier(Downlink)- Noise figure: 5dB maximum- ALC control

A cell + line amplifiers


5.9 Verification of solution for a dual zone

-Line amplifier application

-A micro BTS+DAS can only solve the area less than 15,000m2 normally- For a bigger building we need line amplifier to raise the signal power when

transmission loss hard -The line amplifier can raise both uplink and downlink signal power and better

RxQual, so line amplifier can enlarge the coverage area effectually

Line amplifier

11.5dBm

10.8

0dBm 30dBm/CH

10dBm

-10dB


5.9 Verification of solution for a dual zone Cell + Cell-Design theory(See a single zone in-building systems)- Dual zone plot

-The two cell hand-over area shall be not so many personnel plot;-The hand-over time shall be more than six seconds,that means there are more than six seconds that the mobile can receive the two cells signal at the same time when pass the hand-over area;-lift coverage: there are more than six seconds that the mobile can receive the two cells signal at the same time when antennas are installed in the lift shaft;-GSM System Specifications (See a single zone in-building systems).


Welcome to Welcome to

Rosenberger Asia Pacific Electronic Co., LtdRosenberger Asia Pacific Electronic Co., Ltd.

Thank you!Thank you!


GlossaryGlossaryActive (also, Active Electronics)Within in-building wireless terminology, active refers to any equipment that utilizes powered electronics to transport (not generate) radio signals.

Air InterfaceThe type of radio transmission protocol used by service providers to transmit and receive their signals. These include analog, TDMA, GSM, iDen, CDMA and newer data overlays such as GPRS, WCDMA and CDMA 2000 1x. WiFi and Bluetooth also contain their own specialized air interface protocols.

AntennaDevice used to radiate/receive radio waves for/from propagation through the atmosphere.


GlossaryGlossaryAttenuationThe effect of natural and man-made materials on the strength (or reduction thereof) of radio signals as they propagate along the intended path. Building exteriors, in particular, can severely limit the strength of radio frequencies received inside, making them unsuitable for reliable communications.

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)Typically the equipment owned and operated by a wireless service provider that generates the radio frequencies picked up by subscriber handsets or other mobile devices. Also called a base station, this equipment connects to the in-building wireless system and to high-speed lines providing backhaul to the service providers switch.

Battery Back-UpLarge numbers of interconnected batteries that provide temporary power for a service providers base station in the event of a primary power outage.


GlossaryGlossaryCable TapA small mechanical device that clamps onto a feeder cable and transfers radio frequency energy from the feeder cable to another cable or antenna. Highly efficient cable taps extract only the amount of energy required to provide the targeted level of radio signal within a space.

CDMACode Division Multiple Access.

C/I RatioCarrier-to-Interference ratio is the measure of the relative strength of the desired (carrier) signal to all other signals (interference). Modern digital communications systems can operate at much lower C/I ratios than earlier analog systems. C/I ratios are largely determined by the service providers macro network frequency re-use plan.


GlossaryGlossaryCoaxial CableA type of cable used to carry radio frequencies from one point to another. Coaxial cable consists of a conductive outer tube surrounding a conductive inner core separated by a non-conductive dielectric spacing material. Coaxial cable can be either non-radiating or radiating.

DASDistributed Antenna System.

dBA logarithmic scale used to compare the relative magnitude of two quantities expressed in a common set of units.

dBmA common engineering parameter to compare, in dB, a RF signal level to the specific reference value of 1 milliwatt.


GlossaryGlossaryFiberLong, super-thin strands of glass or other material that very efficiently transport optical signals. When used for in-building systems requiring radio frequency waves to be transported from one location in a building to another, the radio frequencies must first be converted to optical signals for transport over the fiber. Upon reaching their destination, these optical signals are converted back to radio frequencies for distribution by antennas.

GSMGlobal System for Mobile communications.

GSMGeneral Packet Radio Services.

IBSIn-building Solutions.


GlossaryGlossaryInterferenceInterference results when a desired signal must compete with other signals at the same or adjacent frequencies in the radio spectrum causing distortion of the desired signal.

Integrated Access DeviceIn the in-building system, this device is the point of demarcation between each service providers BTS and the in-building system. It combines radio signals from each BTS onto a common riser cable for the uplink, and then splits them out for their downlink.

IntermodulationIntermodulation products are the result of two or more desired signals interacting with each other, due to non-linear effects within generation or transport equipment, to produce additional undesired frequencies which become interference for one or more service providers.


GlossaryGlossaryMicrocellA smaller-sized BTS used by service providers for in-building applications or small fill-in areas outdoors.

MonitoringThe ongoing measurement and reporting of electrical performance of a fiber electronics-based in-building system to ensure that it is operating properly. If a malfunction occurs, a signal is sent to a call center where on-duty technicians can note and diagnose the problem.

Neutral Demarcation PointA central and common point service providers with different radio frequencies or transmission technologies can introduce their signals into the in-building wireless system.


GlossaryGlossaryNoise FloorIn every environment, there is a certain level of radio noise from a variety of sources that a service providers signal must exceed in power in order to be properly received.

Optical ConversionsIn fiber electronics-based in-building systems, the conversion of radio frequency to optical signals for transport across a distance and their conversion back to radio frequencies for delivery to the end user. As electronic devices optical converters inherently increase the noise floor of their transmission path. Optical converters are usually located in the equipment room on each floor of a building and must be powered and monitored.


GlossaryGlossaryPassiveThe transmission of radio frequency signals without the aid of powered electronic devices to boost their level, thus providing an unaltered delivery of the service providers signals.

PicocellOne of the smallest increments of BTS equipment only used to provide enhanced coverage in very small areas.

RFRadio frequency.

RiserThe backbone transmission cable or device that delivers radio frequency from an input device to antenna systems on each selected floor of a building.


GlossaryGlossaryRSSIRSSI stands for received signal strength indication and is one of the measures a service provider will use to determine the quality of their signals inside of a building or other structure.

TDMATime Division Multiple Access.

3G (third generation)Radio technology for wireless networks, telephones and other devices. Narrowband digital radio is the second generation of technology.

Uplink/DownlinkUplink is the signal sent from a subscriber radio device to the BTS; downlink is a signal received by a subscriber radio device from the BTS.


GlossaryGlossaryWCDMAWideband Code Division Multiple Access.

WiFi A term referring to unlicensed services provided at 2.4 GHz using the IEEE-802.11 protocols.

WLANWireless Local Area Network.

Documents

IBS for Engineer