Iberdrola Horsecreek Ch2mhill Sound 01-27-2011

8/13/2019 Iberdrola Horsecreek Ch2mhill Sound 01-27-2011

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PDX\070150070 1

M E M O R A N D U M

Acoustical Analysis of the Horse Creek Wind Project

TO: Horse Creek Project Team

FROM: Mark Bastasch/CH2M HILL

DATE: January 27, 2011

Summary

This memorandum presents the predicted sound levels from the proposed Horse CreekWind Power Facility (the Facility). Atlantic Wind, LLC proposes to construct anapproximately 100 megawatts (MW) wind-generation facility near Clayton, New Yorkutilizing the Gamesa G90 wind turbines. The facilities steady state noise levels are predictedto comply with the Town of Claytons Wind Energy Facilities Ordinance limit of 50 dBA at

all residences, both participating and non-participating. While this analysis is based on theGamesa G90 wind turbine, the Applicant may consider additional turbine models. In theevent a different turbine model is selected, the Applicant intends to ensure it does notexceed the sound levels presented herein and will conduct additional modeling prior toconstruction.

Fundamentals of Acoust ics

It is useful to understand how noise is defined and measured. Noise is defined as unwantedsound. Airborne sound is a rapid fluctuation of air pressure above and below atmosphericpressure. There are several ways to measure noise, depending on the source of the noise, the

receiver, and the reason for the noise measurement. Table 1 summarizes the technical noiseterms used in this memorandum.

TABLE 1

Definitions of Acoustical Terms

Term Definitions

Ambient noise level The composite of noise from all sources near and far. The normal or existing level ofenvironmental noise at a given location.

Decibel (dB) A unit describing the amplitude of sound, equal to 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 ofthe ratio of the measured pressure to the reference pressure, which is 20 micropascals.

A-weighted soundpressure level (dBA)

The sound pressure level in decibels as measured on a sound level meter using the A-weighted filter network. The A-weighted filter provides measurements in a manner similarto the frequency response of the human ear and correlates well with subjective reactionsto noise by de-emphasizing the very low and very high frequency components of thesound. All sound levels in this report are A-weighted.


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ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HORSE CREEK WIND PROJECT

2

TABLE 1

Definitions of Acoustical Terms

Term Definitions

Equivalent SoundLevel (Leq)

The Leq integrates fluctuating sound levels over a period of time to express them as asteady-state sound level. As an example, if two sounds are measured and one sound has

twice the energy but lasts half as long, the two sounds would be characterized as havingthe same equivalent sound level. Equivalent Sound Level is considered to be relateddirectly to the effects of sound on people since it expresses the equivalent magnitude ofthe sound as a function of frequency of occurrence and time.

DayNight Level(Ldn or DNL)

The Day-Night level (Ldnor DNL) is a 24-hour average Leqwhere 10 dBA is added tonighttime levels between 10 p.m. and 7 a.m. For a continuous source that emits the samenoise level over a 24-hour period, the Ldnwill be 6.4 dB greater than the Leq.

Statistical noise level

(Ln)

The noise level exceeded during n percent of the measurement period, where n is anumber between 0 and 100 (for example, L50 is the level exceeded 50 percent of the time)

Sound levels typically are measured or presented as equivalent sound pressure level (Leq),

which is defined as the average noise level, on an equal energy basis for a stated period oftime, and is commonly used to measure steady-state sound or sound that is usuallydominant. Statistical methods are used to capture the dynamics of a changing acousticalenvironment. Statistical measurements are typically denoted by Lxx, where xx represents thepercentile of time the sound level is exceeded. The L90is a measurement that represents thenoise level that is exceeded during 90 percent of the measurement period. Similarly, theL10represents the noise level exceeded for 10 percent of the measurement period.

It is critical to understand the difference between a sound pressure level (or noise level) anda sound power level. A sound power level (commonly abbreviated as PWL or Lw) isanalogous to the wattage of a light bulb; it is a measure of the acoustical energy emitted by

the source and is, therefore, independent of distance. A sound pressure level (commonlyabbreviated as SPL or Lp) is analogous to the brightness or intensity of light experienced ata specific distance from a source. Sound pressure levels are similar to intensity of light inthat they are attenuated by distance. Sound pressure levels are measured directly with asound-level meter. Sound pressure levels always should be specified with a location ordistance from the noise source.

Sound power level data are used in acoustic models to predict sound pressure levels. This isbecause sound power levels take into account the size of the acoustical source and accountfor the total acoustical energy emitted by the source. For example, the sound pressure level15 feet from a small radio and a large orchestra may be the same, but the sound power levelof the orchestra will be much larger because it emits sound over a much larger area.

Similarly, a two horsepower (hp) and 2,000-hp pumps can both achieve 85 dBA at three feet(a common specification), but the 2,000-hp pump will have a significantly larger soundpower level, so the noise from the 2,000-hp pump will travel farther. A sound power levelcan be determined from a sound pressure level if the distance from and dimensions of thesource are known. Sound power levels will alwaysbe greater than sound pressure levels,and sound power levels should never be compared to sound pressure levels. The maximum soundpower level of a wind turbine typically will vary between 104 and 110 dBA. This will result


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in a sound pressure level of about 65 dBA at 130 feet (similar in level to a normalconversation at 3 feet).

Existing Environment

All Facility components will be located on private land on which the Applicants have

negotiated long-term wind energy leases with the landowners. The majority of the areaconsists of fields and pastures, with forested areas generally confined to small woodlots andslopes that descend into adjacent valleys. In the area where the Facility will be located,scattered residences exist. Appendix A presents the ambient sound level measurementscollected at six representative locations over an approximately two week period whenleaves on trees were minimal. Measurement equipment consisted of Larson Davis 824 and820 Type 1 (precision) sound level meters. All equipment had been factory calibrated withinthe previous 12 months and field calibrated both before and after the measurement period.Measurements were collected in 10-minute intervals to correspond to meteorological datacollection efforts. As expected, locations near more traveled roads were found to havehigher levels than those on less traveled roadways. The ambient sound levels also generallyincrease with increasing wind speed and nighttime levels were generally less than daytimelevels.

Facility Sound Levels

Standard acoustical engineering methods were used in this noise analysis. The soundpropagation factors used in this analysis have been adopted from ISO 9613-2,AcousticsSound Attenuation During Propagation Outdoors,Part 2: General Method of Calculation (ISO,1993) and VDI 2714, Outdoor Sound Propagation(VDI, 1988). Atmospheric absorption forconditions of 10C and 70 percent relative humidity (conditions that favor propagation) wascomputed in accordance with ISO 9613-1,AcousticsSound Attenuation During PropagationOutdoors,Part 1: Calculation of the Absorption of Sound by the Atmosphere (ISO, 1993).Each Gamesa G90 wind turbine was considered to have an overall sound power level of 108dBA. This overall sound power level represents the maximum turbine noise leveldetermined in accordance with IEC61400-11, Wind Turbine Generator SystemsPart 11:Acoustic Noise Measurement Techniques (IEC, 2006) and includes a +2 dBA adjustment toaccount for typical vendor warranty or declared sound power levels. The majority ofturbines are anticipated to operate at their expected value while a more limited number mayoperate above or below this expected value. Although it is statistically unlikely that all ofthe turbines would simultaneously operate above the expected sound power range of 106dBA, the +2 dBA adjustment (108 dBA) was included in the modeling as a conservativemeasure for comparing to the Town of Claytons requirements.

Inherent in the ISO 9613 and IEC61400-11 standards are downwind conditions. That is, the

turbine sound power levels and modeling methods are representative of when the wind isblowing from the turbine to the receptor. In fact, the ISO 9613 modeling methodunrealistically assumes that the downwind conditions exist in all directions, between eachturbine and each receptor simultaneously. While this is physically impossible, it is a typicalassumption. Therefore, lower levels are expected in the upwind direction.

The maximum sound power levels used in this analysis are generally realized at windspeeds of 6 m/s (13.4 mph) or greater. The 6 m/s wind speed is referenced to 10-meter (32.8


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feet) height which is equivalent to a hub height wind speed of 8.7 m/s (19.5 mph) inaccordance with the IEC 61400-11 standard. Lower sound levels would exist under lowerwind speeds.

Transformers are expected to have a National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)

sound rating of less than 87 dBA. The transmission line is 115-kilovolt (kV) and audiblecorona noise is anticipated to be negligible (corona noise is generally a design concern whenvoltages exceed 345 kV).

The combination of the modeling parameters used and the inclusion of the +2 dBA term areexpected to result in a reasonable and conservative assessment of the maximum projectlevels. When winds are slower than those that correspond to maximum noise emissions, thenoise levels will be less.

Figure 1 present the predicted project levels under full power conditions inclusive of the +2dBA adjustment. No residences are predicted to exceed the Town of Claytons limit of 50dBA. It should be noted that lower levels would be anticipated when turbines are operating

in a reduced power mode.

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Guidance

The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NY DEC) publishedguidance Assessing and Mitigating Noise Impacts (NY DEC, 2001) does not providequantitative noise limits but its key recommendations are briefly summarized below:

New noise sources should not increase noise level above 65 dBA in non-industrial areas.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found that 55 Ldnwas sufficient toprotect public health and welfare, and in most cases did not create an annoyance. (55 Ldnis equal to a continuous level of 49 dBA)

Sound level increases of more than 6 dB may require a closer analysis of impactpotential depending on existing sound levels and the character of surrounding land useand receptors.

In determining the potential for an adverse noise impact, consider not only ambientnoise levels, but also the existing land use, and whether or not an increased noise levelor the introduction of a discernable sound that is out of character with existing soundswill be considered annoying or obtrusive.

Any unavoidable adverse effects must be weighed along with other social and economicconsiderations in deciding whether to approve or deny a permit.

The NY DEC guidance states that the Leqprovides an indication of the effects of sound onpeople (and is) useful in establishing the ambient sound levels and the L90is often used todesignate the background noise level. The guidance also indicates quiet seemingly serenesetting such as rural farm land will be 45 dBA while wilderness areas will be 35 dBA. Asindicated in Appendix A, the winter time ambient levels for the Project area were found tofluctuate from less than 25 to over 50 dBA and nighttime levels were generally less thandaytime levels. The fluctuation in existing ambient noise level is a function of many factors


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including but not limited to weather, wind conditions, presence of other noise sources (suchas, road, rail and air traffic, wildlife (birds, insects and domestic dogs).

This report acknowledges that NYS DECs guideline for additional analysis (a 6 dBAincrease over ambient) will be exceeded in some conditions. It is also acknowledged thatambient levels were found to vary over a wide range. As noted above, the NYSDEC

guidance suggests that sound levels for wilderness areas will typically be 35 dBA whilerural farm land will be 45 dBA. The project area is clearly more rural farmland thanwilderness, and consistent with the DEC guidance, we have determined an approximatebaseline of 37 dBA as the ambient condition in this assessment. This level falls betweenNYS DECs suggested ambient levels for wilderness areas and rural farm land; and alsocorresponds to the average median Leqfor the wind speed corresponding to 8.7 m/s, thewind speed at which the turbine emit their full sound level. Therefore, the area of potentialincreases exceeding the 6 dBA guideline may at times be approximated by the 45 dBAcontour depicted in Figure 1. It is important to note that this is representative of anexpected project level of 43 dBA as the contours include a +2 dBA adjustment to the turbinesound power level (this was to clearly document that Project related sound levels are

expected to satisfy the towns 50 dBA requirement).

As to the additional analysis suggested in the DEC guidance for areas exceeding the 6dBAthreshold, it is noted that the NY DECs guidance states that This guidance does notsupersede any local noise ordinances or regulations. Accordingly, the project must beoperated in a manner which will comply with the noise ordinance limit of 50 dBA atsensitive receptors. The noise ordinance requirement is less than NYS DEC maximumguideline of 65 dBA for non-industrial settings. Moreover, Table E of the NYS DECguidelines note that sound levels of 30 to 50 dBA at sensitive receptors are consideredvery quiet to quiet, respectively. It is acknowledged that such qualitative descriptionswill vary among individuals and may be influenced by both acoustic and non-acousticfactors.

Construction Noise Impact Assessment

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Noise Abatement and Controlstudied noise from individual pieces of construction equipment, as well as fromconstruction sites for power plants and other types of facilities (see Table 2). Because specificinformation, about types, quantities, and operating schedules of construction equipment, isnot known at this stage, data from the EPA document for industrial projects of similar sizehave been used. These data are conservative, because the evolution of constructionequipment generally has gravitated toward quieter design. Use of these data is reasonablefor estimating noise levels, given that they still are used widely by acoustical professionals.

TABLE 2

Average Noise Levels from Common Construction at aReference Distance of 50 feet (dBA)

Construction EquipmentTypical Average Noise

Level at 50 ft, dBA

Air compressor 81

Backhoe 85

Concrete mixer 85


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TABLE 2

Average Noise Levels from Common Construction at aReference Distance of 50 feet (dBA)

Construction EquipmentTypical Average Noise

Level at 50 ft, dBA

Concrete pump 82Crane, mobile 83

Dozer 80

Generator 78

Grader 85

Loader 79

Paver 89

Pile driver 101

Pneumatic tool 85

Pump 76

Rock drill 98

Saw 78

Scraper 88

Shovel 82

Truck 91

Source: U.S. EPA, 1971.

Table 3 shows the total composite noise level at a reference distance of 50 feet, based on thepieces of equipment operating for each construction phase and the typical usage factor foreach piece. The noise level at 1,500 feet also is shown. The calculated level at 1,500 feet isprobably conservative, because the only attenuating mechanism considered was geometricspreading, which results in an attenuation rate of 6 dBA per doubling of distance;attenuation related to the presence of structures, trees or vegetation, ground effects, andterrain was not considered.

TABLE 3

Composite Construction Site Noise Levels

ConstructionPhase

Composite Equipment Noise Levelat 50 feet, dBA

Composite Equipment Noise Levelat 1,500 feet, dBA

Clearing 88 58

Excavation 90 60

Foundation 89 59

Erection 84 54

Finishing 89 59

Construction activities are anticipated to occur over 8 to 12- month duration. The followingBest Management Practices will be followed to reduce the potential for annoyance fromconstruction-related activities:

Establish a project telephone number that the public can use to report complaints.


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Ensure equipment is maintained adequately and equipped with manufacturersrecommended muffler.

When feasible, limit construction to between the hours of 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., Mondaythrough Friday.

Conduct noisiest activities during weekdays between the hours of 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Forunusually loud activities, such as blasting or pile driving, notify residence by mail orphone at least 1 week in advance.

Locate stationary construction equipment (air compressors/generators) as far awayfrom residences uses as feasible. When feasible, utilize equipment in acousticallydesigned enclosures and/or erect temporary barriers.

With the above mitigation measures, project construction activities will be minimized to thegreatest extent reasonable.

References

Beranek, L.L. 1988.Acoustical Measurements. American Institute of Physics. Woodbury, NewYork.

CADNA/A. 2010. Datakustik, GmbH, Munich, Germany. Version 4.1. December 2010.http://www.datakustik.de/frameset.php?lang=en

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-11. 2006. Wind Turbine GeneratorSystemsPart 11: Acoustic Noise Measurement Techniques Amendment 1. Geneva,Switzerland.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 1993.AcousticsSound AttenuationDuring Propagation Outdoors. Part 1: Calculation of the Absorption of Sound by the

Atmosphere, 1993. Part 2: General Method of Calculation. ISO 9613. Switzerland.U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1971. Noise from Construction Equipment andOperations, Building Equipment, and Home Appliances.

VDI. 1988. Outdoor Sound Propagation. VDI (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure) 2714, VerlagGmbH, Dussledorf, Beuth Verlag, Berlin, Koln, Germany.


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Feet

Predicted Project Sound Levels

Horse Creek Wind

orse Creek\MapDocuments\ReportFigures\Sound Study\Predicted ProjectSound Levels (dBA).mxd

end

Proposed Turbine

Residences

Proposed Interconnect Station

Proposed Substation

Predicted ProjectSound Levels (dBA)

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FTurbine: G90Hub Height: 100 (m)Tip Height: 145 (m)

Notes:* Expected Guaranteed (with +/- 2 dBA) = 108.4* Residences were captured using a combination

of Aerial/Planimetric Mapping & Field Verification.


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Appendix A


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Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m

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L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m


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Sound Level Time Series

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100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr)


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Sound Level Time Series with Leq and L10

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25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H4- Night



20/64

15.0

20.025.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H4- Night


15.0

20.025.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

80.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H4- Night



21/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75



Time

H4


Leq (dBA) L90 (dBA)



22/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80



Time

H4


Leq (dBA) L10 (dBA)



23/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Day


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.070.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Day



24/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - DayL50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Day



25/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Night



26/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.065.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H87 - Night



27/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70


SoundPressureLevel(dBA)or100-mWindSpeed(m

/s)

Time

H87


Leq (dBA) L90 (dBA)



28/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75



Time

H87


Leq (dBA) L10 (dBA)



29/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Day


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Day



30/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Day



31/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Night



32/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.065.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H166 - Night



33/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65



Time

H166


Leq (dBA) L90 (dBA)



34/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65



Time

H166


Leq (dBA) L10 (dBA)



35/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Day


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Day



36/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Day



37/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Night



38/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H190 - Night



39/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65



Time

H190


Leq (dBA) L90 (dBA)



40/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65



Time

H190


Leq (dBA) L10 (dBA)



41/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.035.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Day


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.070.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Day



42/64

15.0

20.0

25.030.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Day



43/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L90(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Leq(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Night



44/64

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L50(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Night


15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.065.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

L10(dBA)

Wind Speed (m/s)

H396 - Night



45/64


46/64

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70



Time

H396


Leq (dBA) L10 (dBA)



47/64

HC PHOTO LOG_V2.DOCX 1

Horse Creek Photo Log

View 1 of H22


48/64

HORSE CREEK PHOTO LOG

2 HC PHOTO LOG_V2.DOCX

View 2 of H22


49/64



View 3 of H22


50/64



View 1 of H45


51/64



View 2 of H45


52/64



View 3 of H45


53/64



View 1 of H87


54/64



View 2 of H87


55/64



View 3 of H87


56/64


57/64



View 1 of H166


58/64


59/64



View 3 of H166


60/64



View 1 of H190


61/64



View 2 of H190


62/64



View 3 of H190


63/64



View 1 of H396


64/64