IAI – CRN3094...Rubén Negri, INIDEP, Argentina ... Argentina Ricardo Silva, INIDEP, Argentina Carla Berghoff, INIDEP, Argentina Guillermina Ruiz, INIDEP/IIMyC-CONICET, Argentina

IAI – CRN3094

In person Workshop Mar del Plata 13 - 17 June 2016 Página 1

IAI-CRN3094 Interdisciplinary Workshop 13 – 17 June 2016 Mar del Plata (Argentina)

Venue

Monday 13 June: Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº1, Mar del Plata

Tuesday 14 – Friday 17 June: Hotel Parque Bonito, Villa Gesell, Calle 208 Nº200

List of Participants Rubén Negri, INIDEP, Argentina Vivian Lutz, INIDEP/IIMyC-CONICET, Argentina Ricardo Silva, INIDEP, Argentina Carla Berghoff, INIDEP, Argentina Guillermina Ruiz, INIDEP/IIMyC-CONICET, Argentina Matias Mastrangelo, INTA/CONICET, Argentina Ana Dogliotti, IAFE/CONICET, Argentina Virginia Palastanga, SHN/CONICET, Argentina Martin Saraceno ,CIMA/CONICET, Argentina Martina Chidiak, UBA, Argentina Ignacio Carcioffi, IIEP/UBA, Argentina (could not attend due to health reasons)

Milton Kampel, INPE, Brazil Mayza Pompeu, IO-USP, Brazil Alex Turra, IO-USP, Brazil Caroline Cichoski, USP, Brazil Iuri Amazonas, USP, Brazil Ruben Escribano, IMO/Univ. Concepción, Chile Liseth Arregocés, CIOH, Colombia María Elena Tapia, INOCAR, Ecuador Eduardo Santamaría, UABC, Mexico Sergio Cerdeira, CONABIO, Mexico Luís Escudero, IMARPE, Peru Jesús Ledesma, IMARPE, Peru Yrene M. Astor, EDIMAR-FLSCN, Venezuela Robert Frouin, SIO, USA

The first day at INIDEP (Mar del Plata) was dedicated to brief presentations by the

participants. The idea was that all participants, some of them had not met each other before, got an introduction to the main subjects each one was working on. At the same time, it was an excellent opportunity to promote the project at INIDEP and having colleagues from the host institution to listen and participate in the discussions.

According to the proposed agenda the schedule was:

Monday 13June: Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero

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09:00 Welcome to the visitors by INIDEP - Authorities: Dr. Marcelo Pájaro (Director Área Ambiente Marino, Pesquerías Pelágicas e Invertebrados Marinos).

09:10 Welcome and brief introduction by Vivian Lutz

09:15 – 09:45 Presentation of the IAI-CRN3094 project. Milton Kampel

Following, there were specific presentations of the different components of the project: A) In situ time-series; B) Natural modeling; C) Satellite; D) Socio-economic & Ecosystem Services; E) Interdisciplinary. A) In situ time-series (in alphabetical order by country - 5 minutes each, questions all together at the end)

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09:45 – 09:50 Work at the EPEA station (Argentina). ‘Phytoplankton’ component of the project. Rubén Negri

09:50 – 09:55 Work at the Ubatuba station (Brazil). Milton Kampel 09:55 – 10:00 Work at the Concepción station (Chile). ‘In situ Time-Series component’ of the project. Rubén Escribano

10:00 – 10:05 Work at the Cartagena station (Colombia). Liseth Arregoces

10:05 – 10:20 Questions

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10:20 – 10:50 Coffee break 10:50 – 10:55 Work at the Manta & La Libertad stations (Ecuador). María Elena Tapia

10:55 – 11:00 Work at the Ensenada station (Mexico). Eduardo Santamaría

11:00 – 11:05 Work at the Callao station (Peru). Jesús Ledesma

11:05 – 11:10 Work at the CARIACO station (Venezuela). Yrene Astor

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11:10 – 11:25 Questions B) Natural modeling (10 minutes + 5 minutes questions) 11:25 – 11:40 Natural Modeling component. Robert Frouin (USA)

C) Satellite (10 minutes + 5 minutes questions) 11:40 – 12:05 Satellite component. Sergio Cerdeira (Mexico)

12:05 – 14:00 Lunch D) Socio-economic (10 minutes + 5 minutes questions)

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14:00 – 14:15 Socio-economic component. Martina Chidiak (Argentina)

D) Ecosystem Services (10 minutes + 5 minutes questions) 14:15 – 14:30 Ecosystem Service. Alex Turra (Brazil)

E) Interdisciplinary - Food provision (10 minutes + 5 minutes questions) 14:30 – 14:45 Interdisciplinary component. Food provision. Milton Kampel (Brazil) E) Interdisciplinary - Regulation (10 minutes + 5 minutes questions) 14:45 – 15:00 Interdisciplinary component. Regulation. Rubén Negri – Martina Chidiak (Argentina) 15:30 Coffee break 17:00. Departure to Villa Gesell

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Tuesday 14 – Friday 17 June: Hotel Parque Bonito, Villa Gesell

From the second to the fifth day, the meeting took place in the installations of the hotel Parque Bonito in the town of Villa Gesell (approximately 1 h from Mar del Plata). This place proved to be a convenient venue for this type of interdisciplinary workshop, since everybody was staying at the same place, which was quite an agreeable environment (all the meals, meeting room, and other facilities provided) and relatively isolated (the town is a sea-side resort, practically empty in winter). All of which facilitated the interaction, long working hours, but also walks to the beach, in a friendly atmosphere (see pictures at the end).

The agenda included ‘Dynamic Activities’ developed especially by the USP team on Ecosystem Services (Alexander Turra, Paulo Sinisgalli, Caroline Chichoski, and Iuri Amazonas), to favor the interaction and the interdisciplinary work. This proved to be a very efficient way to work together and integrate the different disciplinary groups. At the end of each day there were also some ‘playful/pedagogic’ exercises, which contributed to the development of trust among the participants. The group of USP collected all the answers from the questionnaires, tables, as well as recording material throughout the meeting, which will lead to a special publication on its own regarding ‘interdisciplinary group dynamics’. Only a draft advance on the tables is presented here.

Date Activities

Tuesday 14

Plenary discussion and organization disciplinary workgroups Dynamic “Mapping objectives” Working groups activity Dynamic “Differences and similarities” Working groups activity Working groups report – Plenary

Wednesday 15

Working groups activity Integration activity between different research areas Working groups report – Plenary Antares Network ad-hoc meeting

Thursday 16 Plenary

Friday 17 Plenary

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Tuesday 14 June The following questionnaires was passed on and filled by all participants with the objective to identify the knowledge about the other specific thematic: The first questionnaire was applied before the start of discussions on the various work areas, and the second was applied on the last day, after the dynamic activity was performed. Below are the results comparing the degree of knowledge about the different disciplines before and after the workshop. Figure 1: Comparison of knowledge of the participants on the subject time series.

First questionnaire Name: ______________________________________ Country:_____________________________________ Research area:________________________________ 1- How do you evaluate your knowledge

about the following subject, in Antares project CNR 3094?

A – Time series in situ; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null B – Natural modeling; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null C –Satelital modeling; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null

Second questionnaire Name: _____________________________________ Country:____________________________________ Research area:_______________________________ 1 - How do you evaluate your knowledge about the following subject, in Antares project CNR 3094? A – Time series in situ; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null B – Natural modeling; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null C –Satellite; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null D – Socioeconomic and ecosystem services; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null 2 - Considering your prior knowledge about the following subjects in Antares project CNR 3094 (what the other groups do regarding their subject), how do you assess your learning about what the other groups investigate, after this workshop? A – Time series in situ; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null B – Natural modeling; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null C –Satellite; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null D – Socioeconomic and ecosystem services; ( ) High ( ) Medium ( ) Low ( ) Null 3- How do you think this workshop amplified the possibilities to do interdisciplinary work in Antares project CNR3094? __________________________________________________________________________________

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The results show significant increase in knowledge about the work of the Time Series

group (Figure 1). It should be noticed that since the first questionnaire applied the null answer

was not chosen, which means that the group is more efficient in communicate its results and

the approaches they are using.

In general the results confirmed the relevance of promoting interdisciplinary

workshops, in order to advance the equalization of knowledge about different disciplines,

especially what the other groups do. This equalization can promote significative advances and

several new interactions between different research groups. This result was expected to move

to a different approach where new groups of different backgrounds were formed and forced to

think together about a general task and how to solve it using the knowledge from all groups.

Figure 2: Comparison of knowledge of the participants on the subject Natural Modeling. The knowledge about what the Natural modeling group also had expressive increase

(Figure 2), with a relevant increase of medium and high answers and significant decrease of

low and null answers.

Figure 3: Comparison of knowledge of the participants on the subject Satellite. For the Satellite group, the results show expressive increase about what other research groups are investigating (Figure 3), particularly with relevant increase of medium and high answers and decrease of low and null answers.

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Figure 4: Comparison of knowledge of the participants on the subject Socioeconomic.

The knowledge about what the Socioeconomic group, although reflected increased

knowledge, had irrelevant increasing of high answers and significant increasing of medium

answers. This maybe due in great part to the fact that the majority of investigators were from

natural sciences; hence, this was the discipline which presented less advances in the proposed

activity (Figure 4). These results suggest the necessity of developing future activities focused

on the Socio-economic activities, in order to clarify and bring insights of possible interactions

with the other groups.

Exercise-1: Dynamic “Mapping objectives” Objectives:

1. Understand/Review the objectives of the Project;

2. Understand/Review the need and potential links between each thematic group with the

objectives.

Activity description:

The members were divided into disciplinary groups and each group worked answering (if applicable) the three tasks of the table, according with the specific objectives of the project, showing how the group contributes to achieve the project objectives. It was expected that the disciplinary groups would identify their roles in the project. After the discussion, the results of the table were presented in plenary to give a general idea to everybody about the work. The groups reflected on the connections between different subject areas, strengthening the interaction and the alignment of all the areas towards the project objectives.

Figure 1: Disciplinary groups

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Natural modeling Socioeconomic

In situ data Satelitte

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Draft of answers obtained (in green are the group clarifications during plenary and in red are complementary information produced in the plenary discussion, representing a collective production of knowledge):

Time series in situ Mapping objectives

Objectives What the group does? What the group needs? What are the other groups you need to interact to achieve these objectives?

1

We assess in situ oceanographic conditions in terms of physical, chemical and biological variables. We look for changes and trends in the physical-chemical environment and how they relate to different time-scale phenomena. We then attempt to identify biological indicators, which may reflect responses to these environmental changes. We also attempt to apply control quality data by comparisons, inter-calibrations, using Standards etc.

We need remote sensing data to increase our spatial coverage from our fixed time series stations. We also need to identify large-scale processes from satellite data to understand our observations. It would also be important to have information on future scenarios as to make projections for our observations Analysis of phytoplankton functional groups (PFT) with satellite data

Satellite modeling group and natural modelling

2

In some cases, we integrate our data with meteorological data and Climatic indexes, such as NAOI, PDO, Upwelling, SIO

Eventually, we need complementary data on surface winds, currents, eddies and other physical processes which can be provided by satelilte data

It would be important to Interact with satellite modelling group, although our group agrees this interaction hás not happened yet. In order to improve the resolution and quality of our observations it would be relevant to Interact with the natural modelling group and discuss what are their needs as to improve modelling outputs.

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3 Nothing

We need to increase visibility of our Project and its importance in the context of socio-economical issues. This to get support for our studies.

With the socio-economical group

4

We measure either primary production and/or phytoplankton biomass as a proxy of ecosystem service provided by phytoplankton populations. We also assess changes in community structure of phytoplankton, and how the environment affect primary production and C flux.

More interaction with other groups (fisheries...). Carbon Satellite modelling?

With the socio-economical group (ecosystem modelers?)

5

We push the idea that variation in primary production and plankton determines life and production of the whole marine ecosystem, including fishes. The extent to which this issue reaches society varies among study sites

Increase visibility of four studies. Interaction with ecologists (e.g. fishery ecologists)

With the socio-economical group to help us up increase visibility, natural modelling group and satellite people. Altogether can suppor and help us in giving value to our study for society benefit.

6

For each region, we provide biological data which can be used to define and calculate biological indicators

With Natural Modelling group

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7

Nothing... We need to communicate to our public on ANTARES project. We need to synthetize our data into simple graphs or maps to communicate our findings to public and decision makers.

With the socio-economical group. With the Web Page master

Natural modeling Mapping objectives


1

Provide understanding of processes, mechanisms of ecosystem functioning, linking local and regional scales Provide a predictive capability for future changes (scenarios)

In situ and satellite data to tune the models and evaluate model output

-In situ time series -Satellite modeling

2

Perform correlative analysis of time series (from model) of key biogeochemical variables at selected Antares sites with climate indices (MEI, SAMI, SOI, etc.)

Evaluation of results in comparison with those (same kind of analysis) from in situ/satellite data

- In situ time series -Satellite modeling

3 N/A N/A N/A

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4

Provide information about phytoplankton biomass and type and primary production (ecosystem service of support) and dPCO2 (ecosystem service of regulation) Provide a predictive capability for future changes (sensitivity scenarios)

In situ data on carbonate system (pCO2, pH, DIC, TA), phytoplankton biomass, type, primary production to validate models

-In situ time series -Satellite modeling - Socioeconomic and ecosystem services

5

Products (maps, explanatory notes…) the biophysical output from models into usable information for addressing socioeconomic issues

Identify the type of information needed and the language to convey this information

- Socioeconomic and ecosystem services

6

Identify the key and specific variables and parameters to be considered in defining ecosystem service indicators for the different eco-regions of the Antares sites

Consensus on using marine ecological regions of the world (MEOW), for example, to upscale the information and on type of useful indicators (all participants)


7

-Produce short and attractive (general public-oriented)

Feedback about how to convey information in the best possible way


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movies/animations to illustrate ecosystem response to climate change (including future scenarios) -Write one-page briefings about ecosystem response to climate change for decision makers

(easy to understand while rigorous)

Satellite modeling Mapping objectives

Objectives What th group does? What the group needs? What are the other groups you need to interact to achieve these objectives?

- Create long time series of multisensor satellite data for each ANTARES site (Chl-a & SST). Other variables?

- Which variables are needed

- Time Series in situ - Natural Modeling - Socioeconomic and ecosystem services

- Validation of satellite products (SST and Chl-a)

- In situ data from ANTARES sites

- Time Series in situ

- Make this data available for the other groups and the public - Make time-series analysis

- Make an integrated analysis of the satellite with in situ data

- Get feedback from ANTARES sites regarding local characteristics - In situ data - Time Series in situ

1

- Make an integrated analysis of the satellite with modeled data - Modeled time series - Natural Modeling

- Make an integrated analysis of the satellite with socio-economic

- Collaborative work (methodology, discussion, socio-economic background of - Socioeconomic and ecosystem services

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data each site/country)

2

- Make time-series analysis (long time trends, climatic indexes, etc.)

- Feedback from in situ regarding (trends, shifts, etc.) - Feedback regarding the impact of changes in climate (e.g. El Niño) in the socio-economics of each country

- In situ - Socio-economics

3

- Historical data of land-cover/change (vegetation cover, urban). Brazil, Mexico, rest?

- Requirements (what is needed)

- Socio-economics

4

- Satellite-derived primary production information (food production - fisheries) Mexico?

- relative socio-economical importance of each region - Future PP scenarios

- Socio-economics - Socio-economics & Modeling

5 Obs. Skipped! Lack of expertise to discuss

6

- ANTARES Index: analyze the influence of physical forcing (SST) on the increment of biomass (indexed by Chl-a) - Evaluate Salinity as an indicator for tracing fishes (Perú)(Need to improve resolution (done for main river plumes) -> correlation between Salinity and CPU in a regional scale) - Water transparency (Kd – attenuation coefficient) - UV radiation (risks for marine life) - Integrate information on PAR (photosynthetic available radiation), Kd (light attenuation

- Feedback from in situ knowledge - Information from SocioEconomic

group regarding ecosystem services

- In situ Socio-economic

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coefficient), winds to predict Chla

7

- Maps/data of Chl-a and SST, others? - Maps of ANTARES Index ? - Contribute to capacity building efforts -Promote dissemination of the results

- Need to generate a structured data base and make it available to the team and public through the "webpage".

- In situ - Socio-economics & Modeling

Socioeconomic and ecosystem services Mapping objectives


1

Understand and represent with a model the local dynamics of socio-natural systems and ecosystem services (Iuri-Bruno-Pablo-Paulo-Alex)(study case)

Local ecological data to feed integrated model (from other groups, e.g. time series-satellite) (USP group) Regional data to feed fishing activity integrated model (Ignacio) Regional data to consider climate change and primary production scenarios and trends (UBA team)

Dialogue with all the other groups valuable (and within socioeconomic-ecosystem services). Special interest in dialogue with natural modeling group (all in USP – all in FCE-UBA)

2 Use information-knowledge generated in that objective

Understand local-regional impacts of climate change (how local conditions are affected by regional climate change trends)

Dialogue with time series, natural modeling and satellite modeling (maps) groups

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3

Characterize socioeconomic conditions for socio-natural modeling) (Iuri-Bruno-Pablo-Paulo-Alex) Characterize fishing sectors and economic relevance in Argentina and other countries (Isabela-Ignacio) Characterize governance system/projects in Argentina (Cecilia) Some information should be produced (GDP, tourism, fisheries, Carbon emissions, exports)

Dialogue and interactions within socioeconomic-ecosystem services group

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4

Understand and represent with a model the local dynamics and interactions in socio-natural systems and ecosystem services (Iuri-Bruno-Pablo-Paulo-Alex) Stakeholder’s Perception analysis of ES in Ubatuba (SP) Interdisciplinary analysis of carbon uptake –Regional analysis of CC and fisheries impacts (MCH-Ignacio) Analysis on how to incorporate ecosystem services to governance mechanisms (Cecilia)

Data from other groups to model the relations of coupled human-natural systems (USP team) Data on carbon uptake from time series (Ruben Negri) and modeling

Dialogue with all the other groups valuable (and within socioeconomic-ecosystem services). (all in USP – all in FCE-UBA)

5

6 Carbon Uptake (collaboration-

Information from natural analysis:

Time Series (Ruben Negri) – Milton (Satellite data on primary production changes and impacts on fisheries??)-Natural Modeling

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communication) Regional analysis of CC-primary production-fisheries and socioeconomic impacts Develop indicators for local case studies with stakeholders linking ES and societal benefits/risks (SP)

Indicators of carbon uptake – primary production changes and fisheries impacts

7

Discuss and communicate model results of (social-natural) interactions of ecosystem services Scenarios w/local and regional stakeholders (Carol-Paulo-Alex-Pedro) Scenario presentation, analysis and discussion for results of carbon uptake and regional analysis of fisheries with stakeholders and decision makers (regional-national)

Results from other objectives (1-4/5-6)

Dialogue with all groups necessary – Dialogue with stakeholders

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Wednesday 15 June

Exercise-2: List of products (papers, thesis, outreach…) from each group. Objective:

1. Review potential outputs of the project to be delivered.

Activity description:

The members were divided into disciplinary groups (fig. 1), aiming to define deliverable products associated with each project´s phase. They

were asked to indicate the product title, tentative date and responsible. Also, what kind of information they demand from other groups to that

specific product. After all, the results were set in a table, which was presented to the plenary to discuss the possibility of obtain the information

demanded.

Draft answers obtained:

Group: In situ Time Series N Phase of the

project Tentative title Description (up to 600 characters

with spaces) Leader Tentative date

(mm/yyyy) Demands from other

groups 1 1 Variability in bioptic

variables at EPEA Station This is a Doctoral thesis at University of Mar del Plata and it will cover variability in Bioptic and Chla at EPEA

Guillermina 12/2017 Satellite Chla and in situ Kd

2 1 Variation in size-structure of phytoplankton communities in ecoregions around the Americas

We will characterize each ANTARES stations regarding inter-annual variability for three phytoplankton size classes and different groups within them.

Ruben Negri March 2017 CO2 changes and primary production (from modeling)

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3 1 Recent changes in ecosystem indicators around ANTARES network

We will use simple variables measured in situ in TS stations (SST, Chla, N03, Salinity) to asses ecosystems variations in the last decades. We will focus on synchronies, trends and their relations with climate indexes (NAO, SIO, PDO, etc).

Ruben Escribano January 2017 Spatial variation in SST and Chla around South American coast (mean for periods, or trends)

4 1 Changes in the phytoplankton community around coastal areas of America: ANTARES

Phytoplankton community is directly related to the hydrodynamics of the water column. Seasonal and large scale variation can reflected in species composition

Mayza Pompeu April 2017

5 1 Variability in phytoplankton pigments, composition at ANTARES time series stations 2012-2014

In revision in The Oceanography Society (USA)

Adriana Gonzalez October 2016

Group: Natural Modelling N Phase of

the project Tentative title Description (up to 600 characters with spaces) Leader Tentative date

(mm/yyyy) Demands from other

groups 1 1 Modelling

phytoplankton dynamics at the coastal station EPEA.

Characterize seasonal and inter-annual variability of selected biogeochemical variables at EPEA (pCO2, PP, Chla) using a 1D ROMS model. The first step involves 1-perform sensitivity analysis of key parameters. 2- tuning the model parameters, using in situ data. 3- generate a 15 year time series of biogeochemical variables. 4-Compare model outputs (SST, Chla)

Virginia Palastanga

10/2016 In situ data (vertical profiles of Temperature, light, NO3, chla, DIC,TA, O2, phyto, alpha, PZT) from EPEA Satellite data (SST, Chla)

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with satellite data. 5- analyzing the variability including interpretation of extreme events. 6-relation to climate indices. 7-quantification of the role of physics and biology on Delta pCO2 on seasonal time scales.

2 1 Response of phytoplankton to climate variability in the ocean around Latin-America.

Evaluate the response of phytoplankton biomass and types (diatoms and nanoplankton), air/sea flux of CO2 at seasonal and inter-annual scale over 50 year time series on the whole region around Latin-America. 1-generate the time series of relevant variables. 2-evaluation against satellite and in situ data. 3-Identify the driving mechanisms (e.g., nutrient availability, light, etc.). 4-Compare the results at the different eco-regions (where the Antares stations are located). 5-Correlative analysis with climate indices.

Robert Frouin

12/2016 Consensus about the kind of eco-regions to be used for the analysis. (with all the groups) In situ and satellite data.

3 2 Impact of climate change scenarios on Primary production and CO2 fluxes in the ocean around Latin America.

1-Specify surface forcing for three Climate change scenarios (present – 2100). 2-Generate time series of relevant variables. 3-Identify regions where CC would have large impact and others that would be resilient; quantify impact.

Robert Frouin

06/2017 Feed back from the ‘Socio-economic and Ecosystem Services group’ on how to quantify the impacts

4 3 Communication deliverables

1-Produce short and attractive (general public-oriented) movies/animations to illustrate ecosystem response to climate change (including future scenarios) 2-Write one-page briefings about ecosystem response to climate change for decision makers

Carla Berghoff

10/2017 Feedback about how to convey information in the best possible way (easy to understand while rigorous) From all the groups.

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5 Modelling phytoplankton dynamics at the coastal station – possible to extent

Group: Remote Sensing N Phase of

the project Tentative title Description (up to 600 characters with spaces) Leader Tentative date

(mm/yyyy) Demands from other groups

1 Climate change evaluated at marine time series stations: The ANTARES Network

We generated a time series of RS (CZCS, OCTS, SeaWiFS, MODISA, MERIS, VIIRS, AVHRR) standard Chl-a and SST products to analyze long-term trends, correlation with climate indexes, cluster analysis.

Eduardo SM & Sergio C.

-End August 2016 send -> group (RS) - Submit Dec 2016

2 3 Satellite-estimated PP required to support fisheries at ANTARES regions and relative socio-

Using satellite PP estimates for the ANTARES regions we calculated a time series of the required PP needed to sustain fisheries and compare with reported catches. Relative socio-economic implications are discussed in a regional/comparative basis. Similar discussions are performed for future PP scenarios estimated using NEMO model.

Milton K. & Martina, C. & Robert, F.

-End August 2016 send draft -> group (RS) - Submit Dec 2016

- Modeled PP - Socio-economic input

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economic implications: historical and future scenarios

3 Chlorophyll-a remote sensing algorithms evaluation at ANTARES sites

Multi-sensor (SeaWiFS, MERIS, MODISA, VIIRS) standard chl-a data for whole missions for each ANTARES station. Comparison with field data (3x3 pixel window and diff time windows). Relate the performance of the algorithms with other field data at each site.

Ana D. & Milton K.

- Jan 2017 draft -> RS - Apr 2017 -> In situ - Submit Dec 2017

- In situ: chl-a data and specific knowledge for discussion.

4 Satellite System

Visualization of daily, weekly, monthly and annual Chl-a and SST images. Data available in NetCDF/HDF/GeoTiff?? - Extraction of Chla and SST at any pixel - Automatic extraction of Chla & SST at the ANTARES sites for match-up / time series. - Define areas (check)

Milton K. & Sergio C.

6 months (pending on funding)

- Chl-a & SST in situ

5 Satellite time series

Chl-a & SST for each ANTARES site Ana D. & Milton K.

Mar 2017

Grup: Socioeconomic and Ecosystem Services

N°

Phase

Tentative Title/Subject Description

(up to 600 characters with spaces) Leader

Tentative Date

Demands from other groups

1 1 Internal Document: Methodology for

governance mapping

Review about social actors/stakeholders/governance - methodological tool

USP Team

feb-17 -

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(stakeholders)

2 1 Paper identifying the

main ES in UBATUBA Results of Interviews to identify main ecosystem services

(Council of the Marine Protected Area) Carol oct-16 -

3 1 Paper on Perception

Analysis of ES (tourists in UBATUBA)

Results of interviews that identified activities developed in the beach/perception of problems/impacts

USP Team

oct-16 -

4 1

Survey of Ocean Governance Literature-

Governance of Ecosystem Services

(Masters Thesis- chapter 1)

Literature survey results on ocean governance and the literature on ecosystem services governance. Identification

of a relevant approach to analyze governance issues for phytoplankton ES in the Argentine Case

Cecilia Filipello

nov-16 -

5 1

Internal Document (Report)

"Inventory" of socioeconomic

impacts/relations of fisheries' sector

Subsectors, activities and impacts (e.g. employment/exports/value added) related to fisheries sector

(driven by both demand and supply)

Ignacio Carciofi

?? -

6 2 Paper on ES Perception and Vulnerability of ES

(artisanal fisheries)

Results of interviews with fishermen about impacts on fisheries and how they are adapting

Carol feb-17

Information on vulnerability (changes in

phytoplankton at UBATUBA)

7 2

Paper on "Tourism planning in coastal zones: assessment of ecosystem services associated with phytoplankton as grants

for integrated coastal management"

Diagnose the study case (Ubatuba) and justify the choice of tourism sector as an important field of analysis regarding

integrated coastal planning. Identify the main touristic activities related to primary production of phytoplankton.

Describe the Antares project and results of Ubatuba station as grants to support coastal management. Discuss the

incorporation of ecosystem services approach into police

Iuri Dec-16

In situ Data on phytoplankton

from UBATUBA station

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making process in coastal zones.

8 2

Paper: Ecosystem services modeling as a

tool for costal planning: analyzing trends of

human-natural systems to reach long-term goals.

Discuss the Multiscale Integrated Model of Ecosystem Services – MIMES as a tool for integrated coastal management, held on the logic of ecosystem-based

management for the development of long-term scenarios, dealing with trends of imperceptible changes in

temporal/size scale (phytoplankton, climate change, etc.). Create scenarios, based in climate changes and land-

use/land-cover changes – LULCC, in Ubatuba.

Iuri Dec 2017

In situ Data on temperature,

phytoplankton, water

transparency from UBATUBA

station

9 2 Paper: Results from

MIMES model (UBATUBA)

Pablo/Br

uno Jan 2018

In situ Data from UBATUBA

station

10 2

Case study-Argentina: SABIAMAR/Areas

Marinas Protegidas/Red ONGs (thesis chapter 2)

Cecilia

Filipello Nov 2016

Interview with researchers (e.g.

Ana/Martin)

11 2 Brief paper drawing

lessons from Arg. Case study

Apply ES governance framework by Primmer et al to the cases of SABIAMAR/Areas Marinas Protegidas/ NGO

network role CF/MCH

For AAEP - paper

should be ready by

end Aug/draft for Econ: outline

ready by 1 Aug/paper

by end

Interview with researchers (e.g.

Ana/Martin)

IAI – CRN3094


Sept

12 2

Survey of economic literature on

Indicators/Measures of economic impact of

fisheries' sector - Thesis Chapter

Isabela

Sanchez Vargas

End August 2016

-

13 2

Empirical estimates of economic impact of

fisheries' sector for Chile, Arg, Mexico, Peru. -

Thesis Chapter

Results of national official estimates of input-output matrix. Characterization of the fisheries sector in each country

Isabela Sanchez Vargas

End August 2016

-

14 2

Paper (summary and comparison of results on estimates of economic

impact of fisheries' sector in 4 countries)

Results of national official estimates of input-output matrix - comparison

ISV-IC

draft for AAEP or journal

Aug 2016

-

15

Socioeconomic characterization:

importance of fisheries and tourism in National Product/Income/Employment/International Trade

- Carbon Emissions/goals/INDCs

(Paris Agreement)

Student+

MCH

Can be done in three

months

Dialogue with Time Series group

on necessary/expected output to match

natural indicators/analysis

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16 2 Economic analysis of CC and fisheries: case study

(ARG) IC (TBC) ??

Natural Data (TBD), e.g.

Temperature….

17 2 Preliminary paper CC and fisheries ARG case

study IC (TBC)

draft for AAEP: paper

should be ready by

end Aug/draft for Econ: outline

ready by 1 Aug/paper

by end Sept???

Natural Data (TBD), e.g.

Temperature….

18 2 Outreach - Presentation

of IAI project and progress/visibility

FCE UBA Team and

others

Project work and

presentation at FCE

UBA (ECON)

We would like to include other

project participants e.g.

Vivian Lutz/Virginia and

others

19 3

Preliminary paper - Regional Analysis

Results : Socioeconomic discussion of Carbon

UPTAKE results

Ruben/Milton/MC

H/ Modeling

???

Draft for september?

??

TBD: Natural Data and advice on temperature indicator from time series or

satellite/ model estimates on CO2

uptake

IAI – CRN3094


20 3

Paper on Regional analysis Results:

Socioeconomic impact (econometric estimates)

of changes in fisheries on the basis of primary production changes

Present and discuss first estimates of observed temperature change - changes in primary production - changes in

fisheries' biomass (aggregate) - socioeconomic impacts

Milton/MCH/Modeling??

Draft for December?

??

TBD: Data and advice on: Natural

Data on temperature/satellite information on

primary production/ model

estimates of generic biomass

variables (e.g."potential fish

biomass")

21 3 Paper: SCENARIO -

carbon uptake Results and projections

Paulo/Carol etc. (equipo USP)/MCH etc. (equipo FCE-

UBA)/Modeling??

Draft for December?

??

Discuss/define methodology with

Paulo et al

22 3 Paper: SCENARIO primary production/

fisheries

Paulo/Carol

(USP)/MCH/Modeling??

Draft for March??

Discuss/define methodology with

Paulo et al

23 3

Paper: Strategy for communication with decision makers at

UBATUBA (SCENARIO analysis and discussion)

Carol 2018

Define/discuss what to

communicate from MIMEs Model (USP

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Team)

24 3

Communication "Output" (paper/report/document

on website) of (partial) project results:

Type of publication to be defined in communication strategy e.g. maps on natural indicators/socioeconomic results/interdisciplinary results in webpage??

All groups

March 2018??

To be defined in Communication strategy (with all

groups)

25 2

Paper: Creating integrative approaches to foster interdisciplinarity

in Climate Change studies: The Case of the Antares Network Project

Report the process to stimulate interdisciplinarity within a team composed by different expertises from natural to social

scientists, in order to discuss climate changes and their impacts considering an ecosystemic approach.

The paper is based on the results of a workshop conducted in Mar del Plata/Villa Gesell and the exercises aimed at stimulating integration, deriving lessons for other similar

processes.

Alex End of 2016

Nothing

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Antares Network ad-hoc meeting

An important side-meeting with the members of the Antares network present at the

meeting took place in the evening. One of the main objectives was to elect a new coordinator

for the network, since we do not have a formal term or method of rotation, but the first term

was covered by Vivian Lutz from 2003-2009 and recently by Eduardo Santamaría from 2009-

2016. Before the election, Eduardo made a valuable recount of the advances of the network

(including incorporation of Colombia and Ecuador, and re-incorporation of Peru). Then

Sergio Cerdeira proposed the name of Ana Dogliotti (IAFE-CONICET, Argentina) to be the

next coordinator, which was unanimously approved.

Thursday 16 June

We had the visit of two researchers working on a CONICET funded project associated

to the IAI-CRN3070 (Variability of ocean ecosystems around South America ‘VOCES’)

project. Daniela Alemany and Paulina Martinetto offered a presentation about the IAI -

CONICET (D3347/14) project ‘SERVICIOS ECOSISTÉMICOS DE LAS ZONAS

FRONTALES EN EL GRAN ECOSISTEMA MARINO DEL ATLÁNTICO

SUDOCCIDENTAL’. We had the opportunity to discuss synergies between the projects.

Even more, we count with the participation of Daniela and Paulina in our interactive work for

the rest of the day.

After that there were presentations on the two ‘Interdisciplinary activities’ proposed

within our project, based on the ones presented the first day, but with more time and

opportunity for discussion:

- Interdisciplinary component. Food provision. Milton Kampel - Interdisciplinary component. Regulation. Rubén Negri

Exercise-3: Interdisciplinary discussion

Objectives:

Stimulate the ability/capacity of all the groups to think in a interdisciplinary approach

about the general concept of the Antares project in a perspective of the trends in

phytoplankton and associated ecosystem services in Latin-America (due to natural and/or

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man-made drivers) as well as their impacts on human livelihoods and socioeconomic

activities.

Activity description

For this exercise the groups were no longer the usual ‘disciplinary groups’, but rather

they were formed to mix disciplines. For this exercise, the task was to identify a general

question to be answered by the project, in order to insert all the disciplinary approaches. The

idea of this exercise was to force the groups to think “out of their boxes” and incorporate other

groups’ subjects into a general problem. Then, each group prepared a wonder considering the

following three steps:

1. Identify a policy relevant interdisciplinary question to be addressed by the project

(focus on phytoplankton ecosystem services);

2. Identify the steps (data and activities) needed to address it:

3. Identify what is lacking to do it.

Draft answers obtained:

Interdisciplinary group 1 – Martin (rapporteur)

1) The Question:

How will phytoplankton help us survive in a climate change planet?

2) Data and activities:

a) Establish a permanent marine biodiversity observation network based on satellite and in-

situ measurements to monitor the ocean habitat and inhabitants. Variables to be measured (in-

situ and/or satellite): pCO2, PP, biological diversity, temperature, salinity, nutrients, PAR,

oxygen, alkalinity, DIC, DOC, Kd, chlorophyll-a, currents, turbidity, sea surface height, pH,

etc;

b) Identify KEY drivers and process that control phytoplankton changes using in-situ, satellite

and models;

c) Model future concentration of phytoplankton and its relation to climate;

d) Identify an ocean health index (OHI);

e) Communicate and interact with decision makers with the objective of mitigate the effects of

climate change;

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3) What is lacking:

a) Complement Antares measurements with other parameters

b) Standardization of measurements through all the stations

c) Make data available

Interdisciplinary group 2 - Ruben Negri, Vivian, Milton (rapporteur), Martina, Eduardo,

Guillermina.

1) The Question:

How to translate the indicators related to phytoplankton populations and its composition

flows of ecosystem services (fisheries case, SE: provision / support) and its economic impact?

Phytoplankton basis of marine food chains offers a service provision / support. But there

is great diversity of fishing activities in different countries, with different challenges and

conflicts.


We must guide the problem / analysis so that we can address it.

3) What is lacking:

Establish the communication link with decision makers to foster future

adaptations/mitigation policies.

Interdisciplinary group 3 - Carol, Ricardo, Ana (rapporteur), Carla, Luis

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1) The question:

Which is the capacity of the phytoplankton to sequestrate CO2 en relation to antropogenic

emission? Is the phytoplankton biomass enough to balance/counterbalance antropogenic

emissions? Is phytoplakton uptake capacity constant?


- Chl-a: satelital e in situ

- Flujo de CO2: modelado

a) Validate/calibrate satellite Chl-a using in situ data from ANTARES sites

b) Model CO2 flux and PP (input validated satellite data)

c) Correlate modeled CO2 flux and PP

d) Index= CO2_emited(IPCC) - CO2_phyto_captured(modeled)

e) Webpage map of the index

3) What is lacking:

Run models.

Interdisciplinary Group 4 –Iuri (rapporteur), Ruben Escribano, Virginia, Irene, Jesus.

1) The question:

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Which are the human activities that are directly related to phytoplankton dynamics in the

ocean?

1.1 – The questions:

Will primary production decrease with global warming in the LA regions and what would

be the consequences for local economies?


a) Define the measurement and/or proxy for primary production (in situ and Satellite Chla,

PP by satellite modeling);

b) Assess temporal variability of PP;

c) Determine whether PP variability relates to climate change indicators;

d) Assess if changes and trends in PP are related to fish landings, and identify how other

human activities may influence changes in PP. For example, changes in land use and cover;

f) Development of numerical modeling to analyze trends in PP related to different forcing

(temperature, nutrients, trophic relationships).

3) What is lacking:

a) We need to integrate the available information

b) To identity socioeconomic indicators of response to variability in PP for each ANTARES

sites

c)Establish the communication link with decision makers to foster future

Adaptations/mitigation policies

After a general discussion of the answers from the groups, Martina Chidiak gave a

brief presentation on ‘Natural Capital’ to explain some concepts regarding economic value of

the ecosystem services.

Friday 17 June

Main outcomes of the WS

- List of possible products/publications by discipline

IAI – CRN3094


Some very advanced (e.g., Ecosystem Services work at Ubatuba – USP team;

Governance work, and Socio-economic analysis in fisheries Argentina – UBA team).

Due-date: before October 2016 (annual project report)

Others came about as a result of this WS, and have already a brief outline, a leader and

a possible due-date.

- There was a significant advance in the approach towards the interdisciplinary activities.

o PP – fisheries –socio-economic impact

Leader: Milton Kampel, Ignacio Carcioffi, Martina Chidiak

o CO² uptake by phytoplankton –socio-economic analysis comparison with country

emissions

Leader: Rubén Negri, Robert Frouin, Martina Chidiak

Task to accomplish in the short term: Writing of two ‘white papers’ of approximately 4 pages

to describe the approach of these two initiatives. Proposal of an executive summary for

decision makers.

Due date: Draft: late August 2016; Final versión: early Octubre 2016.

- IAI-Antares WebPage - INIDEP. It was proposed that everybody should collaborate with

information, send it to [email protected]. Ezequiel will update the webpage every

approximately 15 days (send an email to participants reminding them to send information).

For example, in situ stations could send information (maybe a few pictures) whenever they

go to a cruise.

- The main concepts to be covered in a proposed ‘Interdisciplinary course’ for next year were

discussed.

Leaders: Robert Frouin, Martina Chidiak, Milton Kampel, Vivian Lutz, Alex Turra

Outline (1 page) by October 2016 (tentative date, content, duration, audience)

- Mapping of stakeholders (governmental, NOGs…) of each country, including decision

makers, to a future engagement in a regional discussion on the role and importance of

phytoplankton.

Leaders: Cecilia, Martina and team

mailto:[email protected]

IAI – CRN3094


- Prepare a proposal for a meeting with stakeholders to be done in the second semester

of 2017 (August) to seek additional money.

Leaders: Alex, Paulo, Pedro, Martina, Vivian, Milton

- Early October 2016. Present preliminary results on the interdisciplinary studies in a

regional scale – Latin America; get input from decision makers to improve the studies

and, mostly, the outputs/products to decision makers.

- During the ad-hoc Antares meeting the Coordinator of the network was rotated from

Eduardo Santamaría (UABC, Mexico) to Ana Dogliotti (IAFE-CONICET, Argentina).

- Thanks Eduardo! All the Best Ana!

Documents

IAI – CRN3094...Rubén Negri, INIDEP, Argentina ... Argentina Ricardo Silva, INIDEP, Argentina Carla Berghoff, INIDEP, Argentina Guillermina Ruiz, INIDEP/IIMyC-CONICET, Argentina