Hypersensitivity Reactions (Nusa Purnawan Putra)

7/29/2019 Hypersensitivity Reactions (Nusa Purnawan Putra)

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Hypersensitivity Reactions

NUSA PURNAWAN PUTRA 08610500312008 Medical Student of Christian University of Indonesia

PRESENTED BY

I m m u n o l o g i c a l l y M e d i a t e d D i s e a s e s

CHAPTER 21 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM


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CREATED BY NUSA PURNAWAN PUTRA 0861050031 2008 Medical Student of Christian University of Indonesia

CHAPTER 21 INTEGUMENTARYSYSTEM

Hypersensitivity reactions refers to a state of

altered reactivity in which the body reacts with an

exaggerated immune response to what is perceived

as a foreign substance


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Type Prototype Disorder Immune Mechanisms Pathologic Lesions

Immediate(type I)hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis;

allergies;

bronchial asthma

(atopic forms)

Production of IgE antibody

immediate release of vasoactive

amines and other mediators from

mast cells; recruitment of

inflammatory cells (late-phase

reaction)

Vascular

dilation, edema,

smooth muscle

contraction,

mucus

production,

inflammation

Antibody-mediated (type II)

hypersensitivity

Autoimmune hemolytic

anemia; Goodpasture

syndrome

Production of IgG, IgM binds to antigen on target

cell or tissue phagocytosis or lysis of target cell by

activated complement or Fc receptors; recruitment of

leukocytes

Cell lysis; inflammation

Immune complex-mediated

(type III) hypersensitivity

Systemic lupus

erythematosus; some

forms of

glomerulonephritis;serum sickness; Arthus

reaction

Deposition of antigen-antibody complexes

complement activation recruitment of leukocytes

by complement products and Fc receptors release

of enzymes and other toxic molecules

Necrotizing vasculitis

(fibrinoid necrosis);

inflammation

Cell-mediated (type IV)

hypersensitivity

Contact dermatitis;

multiple sclerosis; type I,

diabetes; transplant

rejection; tuberculosis

Activated T lymphocytes i) release of cytokines

and macrophage activation; ii) T cell-mediated

cytotoxicity

Perivascular cellular

infiltrates; edema; cell

destruction; granuloma

formation

Mechanisms of Immunologically Mediated Diseases


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7/20CREATED BY NUSA PURNAWAN PUTRA 0861050031 2008 Medical Student of Christian University of Indonesia






Immediate (type I)

hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis; allergies;

bronchial asthma (atopicforms)

Production of IgE antibody immediate release of

vasoactive amines and other mediators from mastcells; recruitment of inflammatory cells (late-phase

reaction)

Vascular dilation, edema,

smooth musclecontraction, mucus

production,

inflammation

Antibody-

mediated

(type II)hypersensitivity

Autoimmune

hemolytic

anemia;

Goodpasture

syndrome

Production of IgG, IgM binds to

antigen on target cell or tissue

phagocytosis or lysis of target cell

by activated complement or Fc

receptors; recruitment of

leukocytes

Cell lysis;

inflammation

Immune complex-mediated

(type III) hypersensitivity

Systemic lupus

erythematosus; some

forms of

glomerulonephritis;

serum sickness; Arthus

reaction

Deposition of antigen-antibody complexes

complement activation recruitment of leukocytes



Necrotizing vasculitis

(fibrinoid necrosis);

inflammation


hypersensitivity

Contact dermatitis;






cytotoxicity




formation





SYSTEM





Immediate (type I)

hypersensitivity





reaction)



production,

inflammation


hypersensitivity


anemia; Goodpasture

syndrome




leukocytes


Immune

complex-

mediated

(type III)hypersensitivity

Systemic lupuserythematosus;

some forms of

glomerulonephrit

is; serum

sickness; Arthus

reaction

Deposition of antigen-antibodycomplexes complement

activation recruitment of

leukocytes by complement

products and Fc receptors

release of enzymes and other toxic

molecules

Necrotizingvasculitis

(fibrinoid

necrosis);

inflammation


hypersensitivity

Contact dermatitis;






cytotoxicity




formation


SYSTEM




CHAPTER 21INTEGUMENTARYSYSTEM





Immediate (type I)

hypersensitivity





reaction)



production,

inflammation


hypersensitivity


anemia; Goodpasture

syndrome




leukocytes


Immune complex-mediated(type III) hypersensitivity

Systemic lupuserythematosus; some

forms of

glomerulonephritis;

serum sickness; Arthus

reaction

Deposition of antigen-antibody complexescomplement activation recruitment of leukocytes



Necrotizing vasculitis(fibrinoid necrosis);

inflammation

Cell-

mediated

(type IV)hypersensitivity

Contact

dermatitis;multiple

sclerosis; type I,

diabetes;

transplant

rejection;

tuberculosis

Activated T lymphocytes i)

release of cytokines andmacrophage activation; ii) T cell-

mediated cytotoxicity

Perivascular

cellularinfiltrates;

edema; cell

destruction;

granuloma

formation




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Thank YouNUSA PURNAWAN PUTRA 0861050031

2008 Medical Student of Christian University of Indonesia

PRESENTED BY

R E F E R E N C E S

Fitzpatrick Dermatology Atlas.

Harrison's Internal Medicine .

Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease.

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Hypersensitivity Reactions (Nusa Purnawan Putra)