-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
1/16
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
HYDRAULIC TURBINES
By
Engr. M.Asadullah Siddiqui
20/02/2016 1Dept of EE
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
2/16
Hydraulic Turbine
• A mechanical device that converts Potential
Energy stored in water at a height to useful
shaft work.
20/02/2016 2Dept of EE
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
3/16
Classification of Hydraulic Turbines
• According to the water head: Low Head Hydraulic Turbine
(2-
15m), Medium Head Hydraulic Turbine (16-70m), High Head
Hydraulic Turbine (71-500m), Very High Head Hydraulic
Turbine (> 500 m)
• According to the placement of the turbine’s shaft:
Horizontal
Shaft & Vertical Shaft turbines.
20/02/2016 3Dept of EE
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
4/16
Classification of Hydraulic Turbines
• According to the turbine’s Specific Speed
20/02/2016 4Dept of EE
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
5/16
Classification of Hydraulic Turbines
• According to the name of the inventor/ patent holder of
the
turbine: Kaplan Turbines & Francis Turbines are named
after
their inventors, namely, James. B. Francis and Dr. Victor
Kaplan.
• According to the nature of water jet acting on the
turbine:
Based on this classification there are two types of
turbines;
Impulse Turbines & Reaction Turbines.
20/02/2016 5Dept of EE
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
6/16
PELTON WHEEL
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 6
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
7/16
PELTON WHEEL
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 7
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
8/16
PELTON WHEEL
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 8
Nozzle Bucket
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
9/16
Multi-jet PELTON WHEEL
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 9
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
10/16
Velocity of Water-jet
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 10
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
11/16
K.E of Water-jet
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 11
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
12/16
FRANCIS TURBINE
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 12
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
13/16
A Francis Turbine
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 13
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
14/16
FRANCIS TURBINE
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 14
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
15/16
FRANCIS TURBINE Characteristics
• Reaction Turbine
• Vertical Shaft Turbine
•
Water flows in a closed conduit
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 15
-
8/16/2019 Hydraulic Turbines.pdf
16/16
Example Problem
Q . In a hydroelectric power station, water isavailable at
the flow rate of 175 meters cubed/second under a head of 18 m. If
the available
turbines run at a speed of 150 rpm with overallefficiency of 82
percent, find the number ofturbines required if
(a) Francis turbines with maximum specific speed of
460 are used.(b) Pelton wheels with maximum specific speed
of
350 are used.
20/02/2016 Dept of EE 16
