Human Reflex

7/31/2019 Human Reflex

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Human Reflexes


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Definition of Terms

Reflex - A rapid involuntary response to a

mechanical or chemical stimulus

Reflex Arc - the neural pathway that a nerve

impulse follows

Pupillary Light Reflex - the reduction of pupil

size in response to light

Paradoxical Pupillary Reflex- reverse of

pupillary reflex


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Definition of Terms

Consensual Reflex - pertaining to a reflex action inwhich stimulation of one body part results in aresponse in another.

Corneal Reflex involves shutting of the eyelidsin response to an external stimulus or irritation

Accommodation Reflex the reflex action of theeye, in response to focusing on a near object,

then looking at distant object (and vice versa)


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Definition of Terms

Convergence (In opthamology) the simultaneousinward movement of both eyes toward each other,usually in an effort to maintain single binocular visionwhen viewing an object

Swallowing - the process in the human or animal bodythat makes something pass from the mouth, to thepharynx, and into the esophagus, while shutting theepiglottis.

Salivation - The act or process of secreting saliva or anabnormally abundant flow of saliva


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Definition of Terms

Pharyngeal Reflex - reflex contraction of the

back of the throat, evoked by touching the

roof of your mouth, the back of your tongue,

the area around your tonsils and the back of

your throat


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Methodology and Data


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Test Administered on

Subject

Response of 1st Subject Response of 2nd Subject

Test for Pupillary Light

Reflex:

The subject was seated in acorner of the room. He/she

was asked to close his/her

eyes for two (2) minutes.

Then after 2 minutes, the

other members measured

the pupils of the subject.

Pupils diameter increases Pupils diameter increases

TABLE 1: RESPONSE OF THE EYES TO VARYING LIGHT INTENSITIES.


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The eyes of the subject was

exposed to an intense

flashlight for 20 seconds.Then after 20 seconds, the

other members measured

the pupils of the subject.

Pupils diameter decreases Pupils diameter decreases

The subject was seated anda card was placed vertically

on top of his nose. A weak

light was then moved from

the back of the subjects

head, towards one of the

eyes.

The diameter of the pupil

exposed to light is largerthan that of the other

The diameter of the pupil

exposed to light is largerthan that of the other


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Subject


Test for Corneal Reflex:

Subject blinked whenexternal object moved

close to the eye

Subject blinked whenexternal object moved

close to the eye

Test for Accomodation

Reflex:

Eyes of subject converged Eyes of subject converged


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Subject


Swallowing Test:

Movement of subjects

throat

Movement of subjects

throat

Test for Response to

Aroma:

Subject had an increase in

production of saliva

Subject had an increase in

production of saliva


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Refelexes

Essential for survival

Help infants survive past childhood

Used to diagnose diseases

Reflex arcs

Allow reactions to occur quickly


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Pupillary Light Reflex

bright light causes the pupil to become larger to

accomodate more light

optic nerve -> oculomotor nerve -> iris sphincter

muscle -> constricting of pupils

used to diagnose lesions

Is a consensual reflex


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Corneal Reflex

blinking as a response to loud noise, bright light or

froeign objecs that seem to go near the eye

survival basis: prevents too much light or foreign

objecs to enter the eye

Is a consesnsual reflex

mediated by trigeminal nerve


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Accomodation Reflex

causes eyes to converge and pupils to constrict

for maintaining focus and present clear image

mediated by optic nerve -> occipital lobe ->

oculomotor nerve -> ciliary muscle and iris

sphincter muscle -> eye movement


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Swallowing

For proper digestion

Has 2 phases

Voluntary

Food is pushed to the back of the mouth

Involuntary

Pharyngeal reflex that prevents food particles from entering

the trachea


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References

http://medical-

dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+

pupillary+reflex

http://csm.jmu.edu/biology/danie2jc/reflex.ht

m

http://medical-

dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+refl

ex
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflexhttp://csm.jmu.edu/biology/danie2jc/reflex.htmhttp://csm.jmu.edu/biology/danie2jc/reflex.htmhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+reflexhttp://csm.jmu.edu/biology/danie2jc/reflex.htmhttp://csm.jmu.edu/biology/danie2jc/reflex.htmhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflexhttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paradoxical+pupillary+reflex

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Human Reflex