The Crisis

of the Late Middle AgesPieter Bruegel, The Triumph of Death (c.1562)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oR3pXcnsTs

Europe’s Population

Year Population

1000 38 million

1100 48 million

1200 59 million

1300 70 million

1347 75 million

1352 50 millionSource:

www.byu.edu/ipt/projects/middleages/LifeTimes/Plague.html

During the Late Middle Ages

http://www.davidmiles.net

The Four HorsemenRevelation 6 Clip

The 14th CenturyAll of the following were

occurring during the fourteenth century:

• Famine• Black Death• Hundred Years’ War• Peasant Revolts

Study.com

Horseman #3 – Black Horse - FAMINE

Great Famine(1315-1322)

• “Little Ice Age”

• Food Shortage–Speculators• Excommunication

–Price Controls• Unsuccessful

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grbSQ6O6kbs

Horseman 1 – White Horse – DISEASE (Pestilence)

Bubonic/Pneumonic Plague (a.k.a. “Black Death”)

• c. 1340s• 40% of population dead

A “Beak Doctor”AP Photo/Eduardo Verdugo

Fleas on Rats…

In Groups of Three…

• Pg 327 – Map 11.1

QUESTION/PREDICITONS:How did the Black Death reshape European society?

Horseman 2 – Red Horse –WAR

Brainstorm – 100 Years War

Hundred Years’ War

• 1337-1453 (on and off) – so really 116 years

• England vs. France• New Weapons– Pike– English Longbow – see study.com clip– Battle of Crecy

• The “End of Chivalry”

– Battle of Agincourt• The “Two Finger Salute”

• Decline of Feudalism

ChivalryThe Warrior Code of the Middle Ages

Rich man’s war… Rich man’s fight!

Battle of Crécy(1346)

The “End of Chivalry”

Edward IIIKing of England

Outnumbered 3-1?PRIMARY SOURCE: Froissart’s

Chronicles [Excerpt]

Battle of Agincourt(1415)

Henry VKing of England

Outnumbered 3-1?

Battle of Agincourt(1415)

“Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more;Or close the wall up with our English dead.In peace there's nothing so becomes a manAs modest stillness and humility:But when the blast of war blows in our ears,Then imitate the action of the tiger;Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood,Disguise fair nature with hard-favour'd rage”

-- Shakespeare, Henry V (Act III, Scene I)

TAKE IT AWAY SIR KENNETH!

Henry VKing of England

Outnumbered 3-1?

KEY:

EnglishFrench

English Allies

Joan of Arc

• 1412-1431• French Peasant /

Mystic• National Hero• TURNING POINT–Of Hundred Years’

War

• Heretic and Saint

Change Over Time…

Joan interrogated in her prison cell by Cardinal Winchester. By Hippolyte Delaroche, 1824, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen, France.

Joan of Arc became a popular figure in art in the 19th century – for more paintings, see Joan’s Wikipedia page.

Horseman #4 – Pale Horse – DEATH

English Peasants’ Revolt

(1381)

PRIMARY SOURCE: Froissart’s Chronicles [Excerpt]

English Peasants’ Revolt

(1381)

• Wat Tyler– Leader–Murdered by

London Mayor

• Unsuccessful, BUT–Decline of serfdom

in EnglandWat Tyler or St. Paul?

Assignment

• Read pg 338-343

Paragraph response:“Discuss the reasons why the church came under increasing criticism during the Late Middle Ages”

• For TOMORROW:Read pg 358-361 “Wealth & Power in Renaissance Italy”