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GI|TUMBUS IHE FAIIHIUTby Peggy Albrecht

Many famous explorers of the pasthave left written expressions of per-sonal faith. Few have left more.p'er-suasive records than Christophei Co-lumbus.

EIe not only faced victorious eventswith hu,;nility, believing they tooweldGodf$ will. When, on Decemberwgre God's will. When, on Decemberzl, tqgz, he suffered grief and painat the loss of his ship the Santa Maria,he wrote in his journal, "Our Lordwilled that at midnight. . . the cur-

In the introduction to his Book ofProphecies, he wrote, "I am a mostunworthy sinner, but I have cried outto the Lord for grace and mercy andthese have covered me completely."

Though Columbus has been calleda bold adventurer, greedy for honorand gold, his written words reveal ahumble man who felt called to spreadthe gospel to distant lands. Portionsof his letters, his journal, and his Bool<of Prophecies, show he consideredhimself a chosen servant of God.

He believed even his name, Chris-topher-meaning Christ-bearer, wasa sign he was divinely selected forthe mission.

During times of discouragementand hardship, he was consoled by theassurance that God had called him.He wrote saying he was ". . . com-forted with rays of marvelous illu-mination from the Holy Scrip-tures, . . . encouraging me continuallyto press forward."

Odd as it may seem, his dream ofreaching the Indies by sea was in-spired in part by Isaiah 11:10-12. Be-lieving God was directing him, he ex-pected success. This faith enabledhim to conquer the resistance of KingFerdinand and Queen Isabella. Thesame faith enabled him to overcomethe resistance of near-mutinouscrewmen during the first treacherousvoyage through uncharted seas.

SPRING 1989

Some have credited his success inurging crew members.to sail throughthe weedy Sargasso Sea to luck. Butonly a man certain of divine guid-ance could have courage to do whatother navigators failed to do. He in-spired his men to continue on. Themyths and legends about monstersbeneath the ugly mass of seaweedfloating on the surface of the sea couldnot terrify him. He pressed on be-lieving he was led by the One towhom all things are possible.

When, on October 72, 7492, hishistorical trip was crowned with vic-tory, he knelt and thanked God. In aletter concerning the success of theventure he wrote to Ferdinand andIsabella, "Neither reason nor math-ematics, nor maps were of any use tome; fully accomplished were thewords of Isaiah."

Columbus frequently expressed as-surance that God gives victory ac-cording to His will. In his journal heoften wrote concerning "Our Lord, inwhose hands are all victories."

While anchored off the Canary Is-lands he wrote, ". . . the eternal God,our Lord, gives to all who walk inHis way triumph over things whichappear to be impossible."

rents carried the ship upon thosebanks."

When ridiculed by those who con-sidered him an unlearned sailor, hewas comforted by the words of Mat-thew 11:25, ". . . Thou hast hid thesethings from the wise and prudent, andhast revealed them unto babes." Butin spite of Columbus' sincere desirefor guidance from Scripture, this self-taught layman frequently used unor-thodox means of winning friends andconverts.

Christopher Columbus, who hasbeen called one of the greatest sailorsand explorers of all time, bowedhumbly before the One whose sov-ereignty he could not deny.

He died May 20, 1506. His bonesnow rest in Columbus MemorialLighthouse on Ozama River in theDominican Republic, but his expres-sions of personal faith live on. Theycontinue to point to the Almighty Godto whom he gave credit for the dis-covery of America. I

Books and articles consulted: Thelournal of Columbus translated byCecil Jane, Christopher ColumbusbyPiero Ventura, Encyclopaedia Britan-nica, "Columbus-Lay Christ-Bearerto Uncharted Isles" by August f.Kling.

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Who Reallydiscovered

One story about exploring Americapopular in the People's Republic ofChina today, concerns the MonkHuishen. Huishen set sail in the year458, He was gone for forty-one years.When he returned he told how hetraveled across the sea for thousandsof miles and reached an unknownland.

Although, some Chinese scholars

Who REALLY discovered Amer-ica? Believe it or not, there is a greatdeal of mystery surrounding thisquestion. Most people answer, Chris-topher Columbus. But was it really?

Some say it was discovered by aChinese Buddhist monk namedHuishen. Others give credit to an hishCatholic monk named Brendan. Manyschool textbooks mention a Norwe-gian named Leif (the lucky) Ericsson.And then there is a story about a mys-terious buried stone covered with vi-king rune writing that may have beencarved by Norse explorers onehundred years before "Columbussailed the Ocean Blue."

Although Columbus never actuallysaw the shores of North America. Heis honored today by many Americanplace names such as Columbus, Ohio;Columbia, South Carolina; and theDistrict of Columbia. Every year onOctober 12, the day of his landing onthe island of San Salvador in 7492,we celebrate Columbus Day. Colum-bus will always be an important syrn-bol of the courageous and daring ex-plorers who opened up North andSouth America to the tide of Euro-pean settlers.

China. There is no reason whyChinese ships could not have crossedthe Pacific Ocean in A.D. 400, andmany Chinese believe this.

We will probably never know forsure if Huishen actually landed onNorth American shores, but largestone anchors similar to those usedby Chinese sailors have been foundoff the coast of California.

One of the most intriguing legendsof American explorations is the storyof St. Brendan, an Irish monk. Oursource for this story comes from an-cient Irish folklore, St. Brendan theNavigator was born in the year 484.While the leader of a monastery inIreland, Brendan became fascinatedby sailors stories of a marvelous is-land to the west. This island was saidto be a wonderful promised land. Itwas always shrouded in a gentle-fog,that the days never ended, and therewas no night. Flowers were every-where and there was fruit on everytree.

The more he thought about the is-land, the more determined Brendanbecame to seek it out. Brendan per-suaded seventeen of his fellow monksto join him on his expedition.

The first chore the intrepid monkshad to accomplish was to build a boatsturdy enough for a long sea voyage.In those days boats were made ofwooden frameworks covered with oxskins. Seventy-year-old Brendan andhis friends built such a boat with onemast and a large sail. It was largeenough to hold eighteen monks andfood and water for about forty days.

The monks sailed for the PromisedLand of the Saints about the year 555.They headed west, and soon ran intohearry rain and gale force winds. The-orri, had to gr"ab bowls and bail outthe water to keep the boat from sink-ing. As they worked, the men prayedto God to save them from the angrysea. After two sleepless and scary

HIGH ADVENTURE

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nights, they were sure God had heardtheir prayers, for the storm went awayand the waters were quiet and calm.St. Brendan led them all in a prayerto thank God for His help. ,1, .

There was one major problem, Theycould not build a fire to cook food,because fire would burn a hole in theskins covering the boat. One day, ac-

.,'rcording to the legend, they sighted a* small black and smooth island. Sincew , 1 it had no plants or trees, they be-""* '

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It is certainly doubtful ,if suchr afantastic advenhre ever occurred, butit is a good example of the kind oftales that were told by and about earlyexplorers.

Whether or not St. Brendan and hismonks reached the Promised Land ofthe Saints remains a mystery. Thereis an island on the nortleasicoast ofNewfoundland where some peoplethink he and his friends may havedocked.

About the year 986, Eric "the Red"Thouvaldson and his family andfriends sailed weit from lceland a.ndfound a big island where they estab-lished a small colony. Eric named theisland "Greenland" because hethoughtr that name would persuadeother farmers from Iceland to cometo Greenland and settle.

Eric the Red had a son named LeifEricsson. Most historians agree thatLeif :rthe luck5li' g1i"son left Green-laad,and sailed to sorne place in,No, rttt'Arnerica, B,ut whera dit he'land? .

One story called The Saga of KingO/af, written in 1218, says that Leifsailed frorn ,Greenland to Norway,where, I(ing, Olaf ,converted Leif tsChristianity. In the year 1000 the kingasked Leif to return to Greenland andshaie the,gospel of Christ with hisfarnily,and tiiends. , ,, ,

. The story, sayS that hea-vy stor.ms,blew Leif 's ship off its course. A-fterseveral days Leif and crew were sur-prised to see a new land.

, Because the land was so fertile,andbecauser there were so many gr&pe:vines, the story says Leif called theland :rVinland" or "Vineland.'f Vine,land may have been part of what wenow call Nova Scotia or it may havebeen the large island called New-foundland. Near a srnall village inNewfoundland scientists calledr ar-chaeologists have dug up ruins ofeight houses like those built inGreenland by its Icelandic founders.

teif and his friends,,filG rno'strex"plorers, would tell stories of their ad-ventures to,their families and foiends.This kind of storytelling was com-mon arnon€ thoselwtro lived in Ice-land and Greenland. Sooner or latersomeone rwould write the,storiesdowir. Sornetirnes, their writer.rnightmake up things that never really hap-pened. Legends last hundreds of yearsalthough parts of them may not betrue, Fox,example, the sto,ry about St,Brendan and the whale, , r l

It is from such legends that modernwriters have obtained informationabout Leif Ericsson, androtherr, ,sx.plorers, Thou.gh legends,'are''o{tenLased on fact iican be difficult to tellwhere the facts end and the story-telliry begin$; ' ,, ', , , , , , ,r ,, ,, ,

HIGH ADVENTURE

\\'e know that the Norsemen wererrplorers and adventurers. Some his-:orians believe that many years after, eif Ericsson landed in North Amer-:ca, other Norsemen came to the New\\'orld and explored even the interiorof North America. The Norsemen mayhave traveled as far west as the stateoi Minnesota.

In the late 1800s a Swedish farmerclaims to have found a two hundredand two pound stone covered withstrange markings. It was said to besimilar to the stones which Vikingsused as ballast on their ships.

The rock was covered with runes.Runes are characters from the runicalphabet which was written script ofthe Norsemen. The word "rune"means "mysterious" and was ap-plied to the Norse alphabet in theMiddle Ages because no one knewhow to read the strange inscriptions.Scholars who examined the Minne-sota rune stone were able to translateits message as follows:

Eight Goths (Swedes) and 22 Nor-wegians on an exploring journeytrom Vinland very lar west. We hada camp by two larye rocks one day'sjourney from this stone. We wereout fishing one day, when we re-turned home we found ten mendead and btoody. God have mercyon us. Save us from evil. We haveten men by the sea to look after ourvessel. Year 7362.Some people insist that the rune

stone is a fake, made during the nine-teenth century, Others point out thatif it is a fake, it must have been madeby someone who knew how to writeand read runic characters. It remainsone of the greatest mysteries of thehistory of exploration.

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WHY TRAININC WORKS FOR YOUI2 .....

THE BEST/3 ..O""""' DICCINC YOUR WAY TO

ADVENTURE/5 .............. TIPS TO IMPROVE YOUR

LEARNING/B ..... ......... ANCEL OF DISCOVERY/10

HOWTO BE OBSERVANTIl2

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WHY TRAINING WtlNKS TtlR YIIU

Training has been one of the se-crets of success in the Royal Rangersministry. If you are someone consid-ering this avenue of service to menand boys, please observe the follow-ing.

Training will give yoru confidence.You will have a satisfying answer foryour own questions, as well as ques-tions other men and boys may askyou.

Training will keep you on track.Itis easy to become side-tracked anddiscouraged when things don't go asyou had planned. Training will getyou pointed in the right direction andkeep you going that way.

Training will help you be a prob-lem-solver, All leaders face problemson a weekly, if not daily basis. Train-ing forsees the problem areas andhelps you know how to handle dif-ficult situations.

ing blunders which can be made, andtoo many misunderstandings aboutworking with men and boys of whichthe untrained must be aware. Noth-ing is as easy as it looks.

By utilizing the information pre-sented in Roya1 Rangers LeadershipTraining, you are availing yourself oftime-tested methods which have beenused by many before you.

Most important in training is toseek the guidance and anointing ofthe Holy Spirit. With God's help, youhave a great future in the Royal Rang-ers ministry.

L2

By JIIHI{ EttEN

Training will help keep you en-couraged. If you feel you are part ofa team, you will discover there areothers who have similar experienceseither positive or negative. As youdiscuss your plans and watch themunfold, you benefit from the obser-vations of your peers, and find youhave much in common.

Training will be a continuingleatning experience. The factual in-formation you receive in Royal Rang-ers Leadership Training at any levelwill be handy tools for the future.Training is more than doing, speak-ing, questioning, or even laughing.

Training can make the differencebetween success and failure, There istoo much to know, too many unwit-

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A tall, buckskin clad youth steppedsilently from the dark forest into theragged field where youngsters wereshucking corn. Blazing bonfires sil-houetted his outline against the over-cast November sky. He watched aschildren dressed in linsey-woolseylaughed and threw husks high intothe air.

Spotting one boy waving a red ear,he said, "That be a right lucky find,"shifting his long rifle to the crook ofhis arm.

The child asked, "Where'd youcome from, sneakin' around like aShawnee."

Tossing the ear down, he rose togreet the stranger.

"Didn't mean to startle you folks,"the stranger replied. "Doubt if a warband be spotted at these doin's." Hegrinned down at the towheadedyouth.

"Not tonight. Got the best scout onthe frontier visitin', the young boybragged.

"Who might that be?" the strangerasked.

"Mr. Christopher Gist," the boy de-clared.

Unimpressed the visitor asked,"You reckon I kin get some vittles?It's been a long trail."

SPRING 1989

Leading the frontiersman to a roughhewed log cabin, the boy said, "Myname's Giger. I'm the best turtlehunter on the creek."

"Bet you are," he said, ruffling Gig-er's straw hair.

"Maw, Paw, we got another trail-blazer," Giger shouted to his motherwho was standing at the cabin en-trance to inspect the visitor. Her sonran along-side like a hound on thescent.

"Expectin'you be hungry," she saidflatly.

"Been on the trail since aforesunup. I'd 'preciate what you kinshare," he replied. He smiled as hesmelled fresh blood pudding, sau-sage, salt pork, chitterlings, corndodgers and gravy, and steaming pies.

"Your timin' be right fortunate,"she said. "Get what you want fromthat table over yonder." She smiledat the sparkle in the hungry boys eyes.

A burly, bearded man cracked,"What. Another woodsman?" as hestepped out of the dim cabin light,"Boy, what you doin' hoffin' this timeof night?" qttizzed Christopher Gist.

"lust tryin' to get myself and mypelts back home," the boy explained.The youth met Christopher Gist's eyesstraight on.

Turning to men laughing at eachother's tall tales as they were toldaround a barrel, the famous scoutsaid, "We got us a visitor. Let's wel-come him with lightin' juice."

"Chris, don't he seem a mightgreen," someone joked,

"Ready for a man's drink, boy?"Gist stuck his thumbs in his trousers,cheeks already aflame.

"Sorry, I'm newly here from Penn-sylvania. I don't hold to drinkin'liq-uor," he answered firmly.

"We don't feel proper lessin' astranger tips a cup afore he enjoys ourhospitality. Ain't that right boys?"Gist said, mischievously.

THE BESTBy B.G. 801{U

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ADUEru[UREby Dennis Morrison

By all means the greatest adven-ture we can have in life is our dailywalk with lesus Christ. If we let him,he will lead us to many fascinatingplaces for visits with many wonder-ful people. Along the way I havefound what you might call a sidelineadventure. This adventure, actuallydigging into the past helps me to un-derstand the ways of people wholived before me. This hobby is trea-sure hunting, and everytime youplace a shovel in the ground you markon a new adventure as you neverknow what will be found.

As an example, on ThanksgivingDay in 1986 my wife Kathy and I werewalking along a dirt trail in a placewhere we often times hunt for Indianartifacts. A peculiar stone caught myeye. It was half sticking out of thepath. Kathy handed me the shoveland what we uncovered was indeedtreasure! The stone that had caughtmy eye was a mortar for grinding andmashing nuts and seeds. But underthat we found beautifully workedstone choppers, spear points, potteryand an array of other tools from pre-historic man. At that spot where we

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"You iust neuet knoul whattreasure will pop up. Always

cqDhad dug, at some point up to 2,000years ago an Indian woman buriedthese artifacts so they would not bestolen during her absence from thecamp over the winter months. Yousee the Indians of this area movedinland during the cold seasons. Forsome reason she never returned, butshe left her mark for us to help un-derstand her way of life.

Many times we use a metal detec-tor to locate old homesteads or evenold dumpsites. Being as these detec-tors can be rather expensive you canget started without one.

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Digging where we have found tincans, we have put together a collec-tion of hundreds of beautiful antiquebottles. This type of digging can alsoproduce a wide variety of treasures.We also have a nice collection of oldChina dolls found at these old sites,My wife usually fixes up the old dollsand they are displayed in a small rep-lica of a turn of the century villagethat we have built. The village con-sists of a large house, general store,church, boarding house, and gristmill. Many of the furniture pieces anditems used in the village were ac-tually dug up also.

Again, if you don't have a metaldetector, another good place to lookfor buried treasure is around old wirefencing that has been abandoned inthe woods or old fields, Before yougo digging any place though you mustalways remember to find out whoowns the land and ask permission todig. You should always leave yourdig site (excavationJ looking just asgood as it did when you began.

You just never know what treasurewill pop up. Always be prepared. Itake the metal detector with mewhenever I go for a walk. Once a fewyears ago while just walking, we un-covered a small dumping area thatdated back to the 1850's. Here wefound a small toy gun of cast iron,ink wells, a china doll, and a varietyof very collectible antique bottles.

With every'thing that we do fesusmust be included. Last summer mywife and I, and two nephews Ray andPat Duve, hiked six miles back intothe turn of the century. We set uptents and stayed for several days, Wewould always conclude our day withBible reading around the campfire.

We have been treasure hunting forjust over two years. In that time wehave found over one thousand items.In our back yard we have establisheda small museum where all these rel-ics of yesterday are left out on displayfor anyone who wants can enjoycoming to look them over.

The important thing to rememberis not to get discouraged if you getoff to a slow start. Spend more timetalking with older folk who can tellyou where old homes and dumpsused to be. Soon you'll find out whata great adventure hunting can be.

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SPRING 1989 L7

LEA NG5

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TIUE 4

All areas of human endeavor con-tinue to change drastically and willcontinue to change. Ours is an agewhich demands knowledge and peo-ple who are willing to continue toIearn.

In order to succeed and advance,it is necessary to keep up with newtechniques, ideas, and discoveries,not only in our own field but in therelated world. To master the vast ac-cumulation of knowledge efficiently,we must learn to learnl The followingrules can make efficient learning eas-ler.

1. BE OPEN MINDED. Be flexiblein your thinking. Absorb factslike a sponge absorbs water. Con-centrate on the reception of in-formation rather than the "why"and "wherefores." Interpreta-tion of data comes later. Becomea "free-thinker."INTEND TO LEARN. Will yourmind to become a data proces-sor. Mentally list the rewardsyou'll gain from new knowledge.Look for "nuggets" of informa-tion.

By II01l FBAill(tll{

ANTICIPATE INSTRUCTOR'SPUWOSES. Regardless of yourpersonal opinion, respect whatyour instructor stands for. Lookbeyond the personality. Deter-mine overall aim of the class andits reason for existence. Antici-pate insfuctor's questions. Striveto be neat in each writing as-signment. Write legibly. Makethe instructor's job easier.SEEK TO UNDERSTAND. Neverbe satisfied with only a hazy ideaof what you are reading, or hear-ing, or just to memorize infor-mation. It is not learned until itis understood,LOOK FOR PRINCIPLES. Mas-tering general principles placesless of a burden on your memorythan do all the specific facts thatcomprise it. It also helps to or-ganize facts and ideas for the fu-ture. Analyze, analyze, analyze!Seek facts.CONCENTRATE ON ACCU-RACY. Forget about speed. Studyonly when you can be attentiveand alert. Take frequent breaks.Give the material an opportu-nity to "sink in."GIW YOUR BODY A CHANCE,Attempts to learn are greatly hin-dered by fatigue, drowsiness,warm rooms, big meals.AVOID SOUND DISTRAC-TIONS. Your mind "listens" toevery sound. So minimize un-necessary sound distractions.Isolate your place of study, awayfrom disturbing noises. Find anduse a comfortable "quiet place."BUILD ON WHAT YOU AL-READY KNOI4[. When you wantto absorb new facts or ideas,make a conscious effort to relatethem to information with whichyou are already familiar. Learnto associate. Use the "hooks" al-ready in your mind to "hang"new information. Learn to usedeductive reasoning, to synthe-size information.OWRLEARN. Repetition workswonders! Any information youcan recall without effort has been"overlearned" through frequentuse. It has become indelibly en-graved upon your mind. So cap-italize on this unique ability youalready possess. Exploit it.

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DEVELOP THE HABIT OF LIS.IEN/NG. Instructors often giveverbal information not found intextbooks. Test questions aresometimes based on lecture con-tent. Personal anecdotes, inuen-does, in-depth interviews, anddiffering viewpoints enhance thelearning process. The lecture/teaching method produces greatdividends.DEVELOP THE HABIT OF"SCANN/NG." Buy and use agood speed-reading book. Learnhow to differentiate importantfacts from unimportant facts.Learn how to discover impor-tant paragraphs and how to dis-regard unimportant trivia.Sometimes the "gist" or princi-ple points to ponder are buriedin one paragraph or hidden atthe end. Train your eyes to "see"selectively.ESTABLISH GOALS, Alwaysprogram your goals. On paper,write down what you plan to ac-complish this day, this week, thismonth, this time next year, etc.Set time limits to your goals.Build your self-respect by con-tinually exercising the richpromise found in Philippians4:13. "I can do all thingsthroughChrist which shengtheneth me."

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ATTITUDE. Smile often. Try tosmile as you talk, or answer thetelephone. Be congenial. Re-member common courtesies.Never make anyone feel inferior.Always project "PMA"-Posi-tive Mental Attitude. Radiatesuccess. Be poised. Be even tem-pored. Be forgiving of human er-ror around you. Think big. Thinkvictory. Think success.KEEP ON IMPROVING. Remem-ber: When you're through im-proving, you're through!

1.1. BE ORGANIZED. Disorganiza-tion is the thief of time! Programyour week in advance, on paper.Divide each day into time units.Example: Work, 8 hours; sleep,8 hours; transportation, t hour;recreation, t hour; eating, 2.5hours, etc, Establish prioritiesand deadlines. List urgencies inorder of importance. Plan yourwork, and work your plan. Makeyourself complete assignmentsahead of schedule. Establishschedules. Practice punctuality.Conserve your time as well asothers. Do a critique on yoru owntime usage habits. Develop a log-ical solution.USE YOUR SPEECH POWERS.Try listening to yourself on a cas-sette recorder. You are judged forwhat yol say and ftow you sayit. Read subjects aloud in frontof a mirror. Practice articulatingdifficult words aloud. Results?Deeper mental impressions aremade. Learning is intensified.And your communicative skillswill set you apart as an accom-plished, understandable speaker.DEVELOP THE HABIT OFNOTE-TAKING. Never be with-out a pen or pencil. Record im-portant data nowon paper. Thisimprints facts on your memorybank. Later, notes are visible re-minders which become trigger-ing mechanisms of data alreadylearned. Note-taking heightensyour perceptive powers.

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SPRING 1989 L9

ANGELol dlscouery

The clearing was no larger than abaseball diamond. The old man setoff alone. Soon he was back with 20pounds of gold, later assayed at$zz,ooo.

The prospector died before hecould make a return trip, but he madeJimmie the sole inheritor of his se-cret. "Don't draw any maps," hewarned. "They'll steal it from you.Think you can find it again from theair?" Jimmie nodded.

For the next five years the motherlode became an obsession. "It grewon fimmie till it possessed him," hiswife Marie said. "He could neverIeave it alone."

Backed up by a United States en-gineer, he set up a base camp nearDevil Mountain in 1934, stored fueland supplies, and cleared a rough air-strip. Several exploratory flightsfailed to locate the gold source, buton one the next year he saw a water-fall seemingly dropping from theclouds over the mountain's northerncliff.

The river over the mountain andalong the valley floor where the fallsplunge into the Rio Churan's head-waters, he calculated from his alti-meter a drop of more than a mile. Hewas wrong; however, he didn't real-ize the importance of the sight. Goldwas his god.

Now broke, he resumed his formerlife as a soldier of fortune and bushpilot in Mexico and Central America.But El Dorado haunted him. His wifejoined him from the states.

Back in Ciudad Bolivar in 1937, theAngels established a new camp andan advance base at the foot of DevilMountain in Camarata Valley. Later,Gustavo Henry, a sportsman-ex-plorer; Capt. Felix Cardona, also anexplorer; and Miguel Angel Delgado,Henry's servant and guide, joinedthem.

The plan was forlimmie and Marieto fly onto the mountain, with Car-dona and Henry going on foot fromthe south side. The two men climbedfor two weeks and found a narrowopening leading to the plateau. Pro-visions exhausted, they returned tocamp. Two more climb attempts werealso unsuccessful.

On a solo flight Jimmie said hefound the lost stream. Delgado andHenry joined Jimmie and Marie in

The prospector flung the chamoispouch onto the Panama table. Outrolled more gold nuggets than Jim-mie Angel had ever seen in his careeras an aerial soldier of fortune and abush pilot. "How much are theyworth?"

"About 4,000 in these parts.They're from a real EI Dorado backin the Venezuelan jungles. Lots moreto be had."

"Make them my fee and I'll fly youin."

In the Iate 1920's, they took off fromCiudad Bolivar, Venezuela. Theprospector directed him to head fortableland between Mt. Duida and Mt.Roraimo. His "stream of gold," hesaid, was on the Grand Savannah.With a compass but no map, he stud-ied landmarks and pointed his thumbfor flight changes.

fimmie flew back and forth acrossthe tabletop of Auyantepui (DevilMountain).

The prospector banged Angel'sshoulder and shouted above theplane's roar, "Land there!"

Ll0

By John A. Johnston

HIGH ADVENTURE

the eight-seater, single-engine Fok-ker, the Flamingo. Cardona wouldmaintain contact with their portableradio equipment. Eventually he losttheir signal.

Devil Mountain's summit, 1572miles long and 22 miles wide, covers400 square miles, laced by hundredsof gorges and valleys. Jimmie pickedwhat looked like a smooth landingarea.

It was the wrong valley. The sur-face was a thin crust over a hiddenbog. Flamingo's wheels sank in, theplane nosed over, ripping the leadingedge of a wing.

With the plane beyond repair, theybegan to descend the cliff and reachthe base camp. Mosquitoes as largeas wasps interrupted sleep on ledges.Other hazards were gnats, ticks, blackants almost an inch long, and coralsnakes.

Food was scarce. Sudden torrentialdownpours drenched them. A falsestep crossing treacherous crevassesmeant instant death.

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More than three weeks after thecrash, the four staggered into camp.Clothes and shoes were shredded,their feet bloody and swollen, andexposed skin pockmarked with in-fections causes by garrapatas, tinyworms. Cardona nursed them back tohealth. He radioed for a rescue planethat returned them to civilization.

Jimmie conceded defeat. Skepticsscoffed that his claim about DevilMountain and the fabulous El Dor-ado was imaginary. "|immie wouldn'thave risked our lives for nothing,"Marie said. "Of course it was nodream!"

Regardless of the differing views,|immie Angel was the first personother than native Indians to see theworld's highest waterfall. Its 3,272feet consist of a main drop of 2,648feet and a lower one of 564 feet, morethan 15 times greater than NiagaraFalls.

Angel Falls, the Eighth Wonder ofthe World.

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Being observant is a skill impor-tant to many people from artists topolice officers! And like other skills,it is one which you have to practicein order to become good at it.

Let's explore some ways in whichyou can build your skills in obser-vation whether your goal is drawinga realistic picture of being a juniorcrime-fighter!

One of the easiest ways to observeand notice things is to compare themto things you already know well.When you see someone and are trYingto guess his height, compare him withthe height of your Dad or uncle or aneighbor. Is the person taller orshorter than the "known" person? Orfor another example, is that new dogin the neighborhood bigger than yourdog, darker, lighter, or shorter? Bycomparing to something you know,you make observing more easy to do,

After you develop your skills at ob-serving and comparing, you shouldtry direct observation and descrip-tion. Look out your window andwatch the people in your neighbor-

hood. Choose one and start classify-ing the person: man/womaniboy/girl,tall/short/medium, faUthin/medium,hair color, type and color of clothes,and so on. If you can see the personclosely, what color are his/her eyes,does he/she wear glasses, and whatis the person carrying? If it's a man,does he have long sideburns, a mus-tache or a beard?

As you look at the person, thinkabout how you would describe himor her. Pretty soon, as you get betterat observing, you will "take in" thesekinds of features of a person withouthaving to put much thought to it. Astime goes on and you practice beingobservant, you will start noticingother identifuing features such as aperson's jewelry, facial characteris-tics, whether the person has a moleor tattoo, and so on about the detailsof a person. But don't try to do all ofthat all at once! Start your observa-tion practice with the easier things-height and build, hair color andclothes. Then progress to the moredetailed things.

You can do the same kind of ob-servation with vehicles. For exam-ple, is it a car/truck, what kind, whatcolor, how many people are in thevehicle, what are the colors of theIicense plate, what are the numberson the license plate, and which waywas the car going? As you increaseyour powers of observation, your eyeswill quickly notice more details likedents in the car or the type of hubcap

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HIGH ADVENTURE

it has. And you'll notice the signs,window decals and other decora-tions on the vehicle.

Places are also things that can beon your list for practice. For example,notice buildings. Are they tall-howtall? What kind of building materialis used in the building-bricks,blocks, wood, steel and glass, stucco?If it is a house, what kind of roof doesit have and what color is the roof andthe house? How maly windows doesit have? What kind of door does ithave? How is it landscaped, or whatis in the garden?

For example, practice guessing theexact height, weight, and age of peo-ple. You might also like to try guess-ing their nationality and occupation.

Or try this one. Watch a video of amovie or tv show and spend a coupleof minutes observing the people,clothes, cars, scenery or other thingsyou choose to notice. Then turn offthe video and write down what youobserved. Next, back up the tape andplay that part again to check your de-scription.

Another way to practice observa-tion is by guessing the distance of oneobject or building from another ob-ject or building. This helps you learninches, feet and yards, and blocks andmiles. For things quite far from eachother that you may be observing whileyou are in a car, your driver can showyou where the odometer is on thedashboard. You can look at theodometer to check how many milesor tenths of a mile the object was fromyou.

Another fun skill to practice in acar is to notice how fast you are trav-eling, then compare the cars aroundyou to guess their speed as they passyour car or as your car passes them.

Being observant is important toyour safety. If you practice the skillof noticing things and people, youwill know where exits and fire exitsare in case of emergency, and youwill be able to describe someone ora car if you ever have to provide thatinformation. And best of all, you'llbe noticing all the wonders of ourworld in all its people, places andthings that give variety to us!

"Best 0t all, you'll [e noticinU all the wonde]s 0l oulworld in all ils people, places and things."

Suppose you are at a new placesuch as a restaurant or theatre or mu-seum. You can practice your obser-vation there, too, by noticing thingslike where are the fire exits, stairwaysand elevators? What color is the floor/carpet? What kind of pattern is in thefloor or carpet? What kind of lightsdoes the place have?

Part of your practice at observationshould include noticing the namesand directions of streets as you walkor drive through a neighborhood. Youcan also notice things like the num-ber of traffic lights, style of streetIights, whether there are parking me-ters, where there are bridges or tun-nels, and so on.

When you become more of an ex-pert at these kinds of observation, youcan move on to things a little moredifficult.

EDITOR'S NOTE: You may wish touse this idea for one of your outpostmeetings.

L13SPRING T989

MARTINIHE

GtlBBLEROur story begins in a village in the

north. In this village lived a cobblernamed Martin. Years before he hadIost his wife and child to sickness,Well, to keep from dying of loneli-ness, Martin worked very hard andwas known as the best cobbler in thevillage.

Martin was getting older and be-coming set in his ways and so washis friend,Iatimere, who would dropin on him every day just to say hello.Martin would say hello but didn'twish to make any lasting relation-ships with anyone for fear he mightlose them too. Every day Martinwould see the townspeople prepar-ing for the Holy Day celebrations, andwould think to himself, What a wasteof time-they all could be workingand doing something constructive.

One day a Holy Man knocked onMartin's door. Martin was surprisedand asked him, "Why would a HolYMan come to my cottage?" The HolYMan replied, "I've been told that be-hind this door is an excellent cob-bler."

Martin answered, "What can I dofor you?"

The Holy Man said, "This Bihleneeds repair on its cover, can youhelp?"

Martin said, "I would be honored."Well Martin worked late into the

night on the cover and while heworked the book opened to a place,

i and Martin started to read, then fellasleep. While Martin slept he dreamtthat Jesus told him that the next dayHe would come to visit him at hisshop.

Well, Martin awoke early andcleaned his shop, and put on somefood and hot tea to serve Jesus whenHe came to visit. Wondering whenhis guest would come, Martin wentto the window looking out he saw theStreet Sweeper cold and freezing.Martin couldn't watch, so he invitedthe man in and gave him a hot cuPof tea, and let him sit by the fire towarm himself. After warming him-self, the Street Sweeper blessed Mar-tin and went back to his sweeping.The snow was still falling from thenight before.

by leo lolstoyAround midday, Martin was won-

dering where his special visitor wasand what was his delay. Going backto the window he saw a poor ladyand her baby walking down the streetcold and lightly dressed. Martin couldnot believe his eyes. He ran to thedoor and invited the woman andchild into his cottage. He fed thewoman and heated some milk for thebaby.

While he played with the baby, henoticed the shawl and blanket thatbelong to his wife and child hangingon the wall. (He kept them there asa remembrance.) He took the blanketand shawl and gave them to thewoman. She replied, "God bless you,Martin, this Holy Season," and sheand her child left.

By this time it was getting dark out-side and Martin wondered, Wherc isJesus? He said He would visit me to'day. Martin sat at his table and lookedat the Holy Book and rememberedthat verse. This is the one he read.Matthew 25:40, "Inasmuch as Ye havedone it unto one of the least of thesemy brethren, ye have done it unto

Martin fumped up and shouted,"fesus has visited me." Then came aknock at the door. It was Martin'sfriend Latimere. Martin gave him ahug and said, "Let's go to the cele-bration." They both left the shopsinging.

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SPRING 1989

Mountaineer's wife to druggist:"Now, be sure an'write plain on thembottles which is fer the horse an'which is fer my husband. I don't wantnothing to happen to that horse be-fore spring plowing."

Thomas LaMancePrewitt, NM

A haughty dowager in a pet showsaid, "I want a dog of which I can beproud. Does that one have a goodpedigree?"

"Lady," declared the pet shopowner. "If that dog could talk, hewouldn't speak to either of us."

M. f. BeckmanGranada Hills, CA

An old miner, driving an efficiencyexpert to his home, solicitously puta buffalo robe over the man's knees.Said the efficiency expert, "Youshould turn the hair inside. It'swarrner with the fur next to the body,"The miner did so, while trying to hidea chuckle. "What are you laughingat?" asked the passenger. "I was justthinking what a fool that buffalo wasall his life, not to know a simple thinglike that."

M. f. BeckmanGranada Hills, CA

One mother of a boy in college ad-vised another, "The surest way to getyour son to write home is to send hima letter saying, "Here's $50. Spend itany way you like."

"And that will make my son writehome?" the other mother asked.

"Yes, indeed," came the reply."|ust forget to enclose the money."

Leon WillsOklahoma

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.r,tj."i9i. EAGLE ROCKa summer camp with a wilderness emphasisfor boys 12 vrs'. and olderlimited to 100 boys. COST: $150.00Write national Royal Raneers officefor application and additl-onal information.

On fune 11, 1989, one hundred"lucky boys" will gather at EagleRock, Missouri, for 7 days of out-standing adventure. If you are inter-ested in fun, inhigue, excitement, andrugged adventure, then the Eagle RockAdventure is for you.

The scene for this fantastic, weeklong, action packed adventure willbe the Royal Rangers National Train-ing Center. With its 1,525 acres, nes-tled in the rolling hills of the Ozarks,interlaced with streams and mead-

ows, the National Training Center is"tailor made" for excitement and ad-venture; a dream come true!

Your week will be filled with ac-tion packed activities such as rap-pelling; cave exploration; hiking; andcool,refreshing water activities. Therewill be other activities too: such aspioneering, mountain craft skills, anight owl expedition, and more. Thefun will be complemented by inspi-rational devotions, and grand pag-eantry.

At camp you will experience everyexciting activity that we offer. Youdon't have to miss a thing! In addi-tion to planned activities, you willhave free time to go to the archery orrifle ranges to test your skills, or learnsome new ones. Game time will giveyou an opportunity to make newfriends, and have even more fun.

Each day of your adventure willconclude with an exciting eveningprogram of singing, fun, and inspi-iation around a glowing campfire.

This will also be a special time foryou to grow closer to God, and forHim to do a work in your heart.

Sleep will come easily after a fullday at camp. As you slip off into arestful sleep, no doubt, you willdream of the days of excitement yetto come. Each new day will producea new scope of adventure at EagleRock, another unique experiencenever to be forgotten.

Work crews are already working todevelop the many areas to make thisevent the most intriguing adventureof the year.

The Eagle Rock Adventure will belimited to one hundred boys, and reg-istration will be on a first come, firstserved basis, To secure a place foryou at this "first of its kind" event besure to register early. A registrationform has been attached for your con-venience. As soon as you return thisapplication to us, we will rush you aregistration packet listing arrival anddeparture times and what you willneed to bring to camp with you.

Fun, excitement, intrigue, and ad-venture-it all awaits you at the veryfirst Eagle Rock Adventure. Makeplans to join us; be one of the first,one of the best, one who finds his truepotential; and soar as high as youcan-at Eagle Rock!EAGLE ROCK

ADVENTURE

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SCANNON

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In May 1805 Scannon sniwillow brush along the banks of theMissouri River. The chief hunter ofthe Lewis and ClarkExpedition liftedhis rifle, aimed and shot a beaver.When the wild animal fell, the huntershouted, "Scannon, fetch." TheNewfoundland dog jumped into theriver, paddled to the wounded ani-mal and seized the beaver's paw. Atthe same time, the beaver sunk hissharp teeth into the dog's hind leg.Scannon yelped. He jerked. He shookthe beaver. The two animals strug-gled. Water splashed. The fight in-tensified.

The excited explorers yelled,"Nervf, kill! Scannon, kill!" He wouldkill or die.

Finally, the wild animal releasedhis hold. Weary Scannon crawled upthe bank with blood spurting downhis leg, and the beaver dangling fromhis mouth. His master, Captain Mer-iwether Lewis, quickly sutured theartery. Lewis cradled the whining,shivering dog in his arms and carriedScannon to a boat. Although Lewisthought the dog would die, he re-covered within a week.

Lewis, while private secretary toPresident Thomas Jefferson, helpedplan the expedition. The Presidentwanted the Virginians, 3O-year-oldLewis and 34-year-old Captain Wil-liam Clark, to explore the unknownNorthwest. The President convincedCongress to appropriate $2,500 for theexpedition. The United States ownedthe land from the Mississippi to theRockies because Jefferson promotedthe Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Hop-ing the trailblazers would find a waterroute to India, Jefferson ordered themto reach the Pacific Coast, and on theway, make friends with the Indiansand keep journals.

yearbeaver, Lewis and Clark, coleaders ofthe "Corps of Discovery," left St.Louis with soldiers, frontiersmen,and rivermen. Going upstream, thegroup battled the currents of the Mis-souri River whilo the mascot, Scan-non, stood in the prow of the keelboator rode in one of the two pirogues.With the Corps, the special guard dogrode in a boat, walked, and swam over4,000 miles.

The first winter the Corps lived atFort Mandan, which today is nearBismarck, North Dakota. In the spring,eight men in the keelboat took nineboxes of reports and specimens toPresident Jefferson. The remaining 33men, with Toussaint Charbonneau, aFrench-Canadian, and his wife Sa-cagawea, a Shoshone Indian, andtheir baby, boarded the two piroguesand six canoes to continue their jour-ney.

On the journey, Lewis and Scan-non trekked along the Missouri River,while the others stayed on the boat.Lewis, a restless, moody, bright man,preferred to be with Scannon fromthe day he purchased the black mas-cot for $zO. The powerful dog trappedgeese, antelope, and deer in the riverand then brought them ashore. Healso sighted birds and sniffed in thebuffalo grass to locate snakes andsmall animals. When he discoveredliving creatures, he barked to alertLewis of their presence. Lewis ex-amined them and logged descrip-tions of magpies, rattlers, white-tailedjackrabbits, and prairie dogs.

The mascot protected Lewis andthe other explorers from grizzly bearsand buffaloes.

When agizzly came nearthe camp,his barking kept the animal at bay.One May evening while sharing abuffalo-skin tepee, Lewis and Scan-non heard a buffalo shuffle. The dogran around alerting the sleeping men

SPRING T989 ll

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padded through brush and climbedrocky and steep slopes. Two horsesfell into the canyons and did not sur-vive, but with his worn webbed feet,Scannon continued to climb and slideon the treacherous trails.

The group spent the winter at FortClatsop, which today is in the north-west corner of Oregon. With his thickcoat, Scannon did not mind the rainand fog. The party left the Fort in thespring of tgO0 to return to St. Louis.

About three weeks later, Scannonfailed to return to camp. The dogfaintly heard his master call: "S-C-A-N-N-O.N, N.E-W-F, S.C-A-N.N-O-N,"Scannon did not return.

The men searched and talkedamong themselves: What happenedto Scannon? Did a deadly rattler poi-son his body? Did the Indians takeScannon? Lewis ordered a party toscout.

Lewis did not know that two war-riors had captured Scannon. Scan-

non did not smell the scent of theIndians because the warriors stayedupwind. Using a willow ring tied toa leather thong like a lariat, they threwthe ring around Scannon's neck andpulled. He stiffened his four legs andgrowled. He pulled, he choked, hetried to bark. He braced his paws andjerked. He could not break the leatherthong.

The Indians pulled a whiningScannon through the grass. Fortu-nately the frontiersmen could followthe fresh tracks. Eventually, the whitemen saw the Indians, Before the pur-suers caught up with the warriors,they turned the dog loose. With hispink tongue out and his tail wagging,a tired Scannon returned to camp andsnuggled beside Lewis who rubbedthe dog's shaggy head. He rested athis master's feet with his front legscrossed.

Although bonded to Lewis, Scan-non obeyed Clark. He rode on a boatwith Clark, when the two leadersseparated to explore more country.Clark, a friendly red-haired man, en-joyed having the bearlike companionride with him.

On the journey, Clark and the restof the Corps endured the gnats andmosquitoes. Scannon turned his nosetoward the sky and howled.

In September 1806 the explorersand the dog completed the expedi-tion. The bold journey lasted twoyears, four months, and nine days.Scannon was the first dog to accom-pany white men over the ContinentalDivide and to cross the Northwest.

In his fashion, Scannon, the mas-cot of the Lewis and Clark Expedi-tion, helped push the boundaries ofthe United States from the Missis-sippi to the Pacific and for this hewas later honored. Scannon's nameappeam on a bronze plaque at FortClatsop, near the mouth of the Co-lumbia River.I

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by barking loudly. By the time themen awakened, the buffalo hadreached camp. The frantic dogyapped. He showed his teeth andgrowled. He crouched in an attackposition. Finally, the startled buffaloturned and headed toward the river.

Scannon helped Lewis and Clarkentertain the Indians. The dog per-formed tricks. He fetched a stick thatwas thrown. He found his master'sknife hidden in the brush. Once aftera performance, a Shawnee Indian of-fered Lewis three beaver skins forScannon. Lewis said no.

Lewis and the rest of the party en-dured snow, sleet, dangerous trails,and hunger on the overland trailthrough the Rockies in September.Sometimes they ate dog or horse meat.No one, however, considered killingtheir valued mascot. When their dietconsisted of tallow candles, the dogate little and lost many of his 130pounds. With little energy, Scannon

t2 HIGH ADVENTURE

June 26-30, 1990, will be a signif-icant, historical event for RoyalRangers! It will be the occasion forthe world's first InternationalCamporama for Royal Rangers.

This outstanding event will con-vene at Eagle Rock, Missouri, on the1,500-acre site of the National RoyalRangers Training Center. This sitenestled in the scenic Ozark Moun-tains of southwest Missouri isundergoing a number of develop-ments to accommodate the estimated5,000 Rangers from around the world.

This Camporama will be truly in-ternational in flavor. Many countriesincluding the United States haveconducted periodically Camporamasin their countries. Many of theseevents have hosted visitors foom othercountries. However, this is the firsttime that national delegations fromaround the world will join togetherfor an official International Campor-ama,

The colorful banners, the variousstyles of uniforms, the different lan-guages, and the unique country flagswill make this happening an unfor-gettable experience. In those coun-tries where there are girls in RoyalRangers, the delegation may includelady leaders and girls.

Each country will be assigned theirown campsite. They will erect theirown archway and they will maketheir campsite as unique to theircountry as possible. Each nationalcommander will be responsible forthe camp set-up, €Irrangement of per-sonnel, supervision, and decorum ofhis delegation. To further capitalizeon this colorful international flavor,we are planning many interculturalevents.

To emphasize international friend-ship and cultural awareness, individ-uals are encouraged to complete theInternational Friendship Trail. At thevarious stations on the trail skilledpersons will demonstrate the type ofskills, crafts, etc., unique to theircountry or culture. Participants willbe given an opportunity to try theirability at mastering the skills. All in-dividuals who visit all the stations,and have their cards checked, will beeligible to purchase a beautiful In-ternational Friendship Patch at theTrading Post.

Exciting and fascinating games

played by Rangers from around theworld will be featured at each stationof the International Fun-a-rama. In-dividuals will be given the oppor-tunity to participate in these games.Super enjoyment is in store for thoseRangers who participate in theseevents.

A number of demonstrations anddisplays of outstanding interest toRoyal Rangers will be presented eachday.

To encourage Rangers to visit theother dishicUcountry campsites, eachdistricUcountry will give these visi-tors an inexpensive item to com-memorate their visit.

Areas in which boys and leadersmay swap items of interest with eachother will be available. These will besome of the most popular spots dur-ing the Camporama. Each participantis encouraged to bring trade itemssuch as patches, novelty items, craftitems, state or country souvenirs.

There will be a number of fieldevents such as special hikes, swim-ming, archery range, BB rifle range,a rope course, canoeing, and more.

The Frontiersmen Camping Frater-nity (U.S.) will be on hand with aspecial delegation and their ownfrontiersmen village. Flintlock rifleshooting, knife and tomahawkthrowing, and other FCF skills willbe demonstrated each day. It will be

patterned after an old-time frontiers-men rendezvous. Other countrieswho have FCF groups will also haveencampments. Their encampmentsshould be very interesting and edu-cational.

One outstanding feature will be thePassing in Review Parade on the firstmoming (Wednesday). Countries anddistricts in uniform, with flags, willpass in review in front of the head-quarters lodge. With bands playingand banners waving, this will be abreathtaking and inspiring experi-ence.

Without doubt, the most outstand-ing event of all will be the eveningrallies.

Each rally will feature special pre-sentations from various countries,music and singing, a mind-bogglingpageant and an outstanding speaker.The pageant alone will be the mostelaborate and spectacular ever pre-sented at a Camporama.

Start planning now to attend thiscolossal event. Be among those priv-ileged individuals who will be partof one of the greatest historical andfantastic events in Royal Rangers his-tory.

EDITOR'S NOTE: Contact your dis-trict commander for applications andother information about the Interna-tional Camporama.

INTERN]ATI@NAL GAMP@RAMA X 990SPRING 1989 t3

COMEDYRNER,

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A little boy who went to the balletfor the first time with his father wasamazed watching all the girls danc-ing on their toes. He turned to hisfather and asked, "Why don't theyjust get taller girls, Dad?"

Thomas LaMancePrewitt, NM

The cowboy had a new horse whichwas very stubborn and kicked so vi-olently that one day one of its hoovesgot caught in the stirrup. The mansaid angrily to the horse, "There's noroom on the saddle for both of us. Ifyou're going to get on, I'm going toget off."

Thomas LaMancePrewitt, NM

My husband Dave and I were at arestaurant entertaining his boss. Da-vid was telling a joke that I was sure

he had told many times before, so Itried to kick him under the table. Hecontinued to tell the story, so I kickedhim again. Shortly after that, he saidgaily, "But I'll bet I've told this storybefore, haven't I?" We all chuckled,and he changed the subject. A littlewhile later, in private, I asked himhow come it took so long to get mymessage.

Surprised he answered, "But I didstop as soon as you kicked me." Muchchagrined, we realized I must havebeen kicking the boss.

As we went back to the table, theboss was grinning, knowing what wehad been talking about. "Not toworry," he said, "After the secondone, I figured it wasn't for me, so Ipassed it on."

M. ]. BeckmanGranada Hills, CA

Mom and Pop, owners of a smallfarm, went to town for a Saturdaynight outing and a bite to eat. Theystopped at a deluxe hamburger placLand looked at the menu. Mbm-pan-icked and told Pop they had to gethome fast.

"What's the trouble?" asked pop."Did you see the price of a ham-

burger? $Z.ZS. That means we have a$10,000 cow standing in the backpasture and no one to guard her."

Leon WillsOklahoma

The doctor smiled as he enteredthe room. "You look much better to-day."

"Yes, I followed the directions on-your medicine bottle."

"What were they?""Keep the bottle tightly closed."Leon WillsOklahoma

A visitor in a zoo saw one of thekeepers sitting on a concrete wallc{nng. When he asked another keeperwhat was the matter, he was told thatthe elephant had died. "He cared alot about the elephant?" the manasked.

"No, he's the one who has to digthe grave."

Leon WillsOklahoma

What a strange language we have.A fat chance and a slim chance arethe same things.

M. J. BeckmanGranada Hills, CA

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