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8/7/2019 hpseminar CAR
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AUTOMATEDAUTOMATED
CAR CAR
By HARSH PAREKH(581)VINAY JAIN(518)
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INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATED
DRIVING
Volkswagen Passat at Sanford University
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Manual driving
Supervised driving
Automatic driving
CAR FUNCTIONALITIES
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THE FRONT LEFT AND THE RIGHT CAMERAS
THE INPUT SYSTEM
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INTERNAL PART POSITION AND
FUNCTIONS
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INTERNAL VIEW OF THE CAR
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� The steering capabilities:
�
Acoustic warnings:
� The visual feedback:
THE OUTPUT SYSTEM
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The GOLD system (GOLD stands for Generic Obstacle and Lane
Detection) is the automatic driver of the ARGO vehicle. It is a softwaresystem -completely developed at the University of Parma- which is aimed at
detecting lane markings and localizing obstacles.
Its main peculiarity is that both functionalities share the same underlyingapproach (the Inverse Perspective Mapping geometrical transform).
Moreover the definition of "obstacle" that it uses is extremely general: itcan detect "generic" obstacles, namely anything raising up from the roadsurface.
THE GOLD SYSTEM
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Figure 2: IPM applied to a road environment: (a) 3D representation of the environment, (b) the acquired image, (c) the
remapped image
LANE DETECTION
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LANE DETECTION
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1: (a) the segment of road used for calibration; (b) and (c) left and rig ht views of the calibration grid from
ARGO's stereo cameras
SYSTEM CALIBRATION
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Figure 11: Typical road scenes: in the first a strong sun reflection weakens the vehicle gray level symmetry; in the second a
uniform area can be seen as a hig hly symmetrical region; the third shows background symmetrical patterns.
SYMMETRY DETECTION
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OBSTACLE LOCALISATION
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CAMERAS USED
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CONTROL PANEL
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STEERING CONTROL
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PROCESSING SYSTEM
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� GPS
�
Internet connection
TRACKING AND LOCATION
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� HOW WILL AUTOMATIC DRIVING CHANGE MY LIFE?
Drive Autonomously
Drive without being awake and w hen drowsy
Drive even if you are disabled
Life saver
SOCIAL IMPACT
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OPEN PROBLEMS
It is very important to notice that not all problems related to automatic vehicle driving
that still remain to be solved are of technical nature: there are some aspects that must be
considered and carefully evaluated in the design of such systems.
First of all, prior toh
aving an automatic driving system sold and installed on acommercial vehicle, all the legal aspects related to the responsibility in case of faults and
incorrect behavior of the system must be solved. Secondly, in case no specific roads are
built and dedicated to automatic vehicles only, the possibility of driving on a motorway
along with automatic vehicles must be considered and its impact on human drivers
evaluated.
Althoug h technical aspects seem to have a hig her importance, these problems must be
dealt with and solved as well, since they represent the basics and prerequisites on w hich
future automatic hig hways will rely.
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The research carried out worldwide on intelligent vehicles -after its first explorative stage- has now reached its
second stage: many different approaches have been evaluated during these years and the most promising ones
are being engineerized, installed on prototype vehicles, and extensively tested on the road.
However, a long period of exhaustive tests and refinement must precede the availability of these systems onthe general market, and a fully automated hig hway system with intelligent vehicles driving and exchanging
information is not expected for a couple of decades. For the time being, complete automation will be
restricted to special infrastructures such as industrial applications or public transportation. Then, automatic
vehicle technology will be gradually extended to other key transportation areas such as the transportation of
goods, for example on expensive trucks, w here the cost of an autopilot is negligible with respect to the cost
of the vehicle itself and the service it provides. Finally, once technology has been stabilised and after freezing
the most promising solutions and the best algorithms, a massive integration and a widespread use of such
systems will also take place with private vehicles, but this will not happen for another two or more decades.
So, it's a bit too early to be looking for autonomous vehicles in your automobile dealers' showrooms.
FUTURE TRENDS