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Howard ChowMicrosoft MVP
What Do We Have For You…Intro to WDS (WinPE and Image files)
Installing WDS
Configuring WDSDHCP and WDS
Pre-staging clients
Adding Images
Client Side of WDSPXE Booting
Deploying an image
More To Cover…
The Network and how you deploy your imageMulticast Transmissions in R2
Automating the Installations
Create an Image
Modifying the Image
Best Practices, tips n tricks and lessons gained from Microsoft Services
Image deployment flow with WDS (And it’s exactly what we are showing today)1. Prepare a Windows 7 image for distribution
2. Configure WDS1. DHCP settings, PXE settings
2. Boot image creation
3. Capture and upload the Windows 7 image to WDS
4. Boot a bare metal client to receive the Windows 7 image
5. Boot a bare metal client to receive the Windows 7 image - unattend
Preparing Image for WDS –SYSPREP a Windows 7 Image
demo
Why Use WDS?
Performs network-based installations
Deploys Windows images to bare metal computers
Supports mixed Windows environments
Reduces deployment cost - FREE
Utilizes standard Windows technologiesWindows PE
.wim files
.vhd files
Windows Pre Installation Environmentaka…WinPE
Scaled down version of the Windows 7 Kernel
Boots into and runs from RAMX: drive (default driver letter)
Reboots every 72 hours
Command Line Interface Only
Can be converted to a bootable .ISO and placed on:CD, DVD, USB Flash Drive, external HD
You can create your own or use the boot.wim from W7 or Server 2008 R2 DVD (\Sources folder)
.Wim Side Trip
One of Microsoft’s image format
On WDS .wims are stored in image groups
Multiple images stored in a single image groupSingle instancing
No redundant file storage
Service image offlineApply patches quick and easily
VHD Image Formats - NEW
You can create a .vhd, apply a .wim to it and tell bcdedit to boot that OS
Mounting a VHD is called “attaching"
Un-Mounting a .VHD is called “detaching”
Diskpart & Imagex are the basic tools of choice to work with .vhd
.vhd images can contain more than one partition
Back To WDS:Requirements
WDS server must be a member of an Active Directory domain
DHCP
DNS
NTFS partition on which to store images
WDS on Server 2003
Installing WDS on a 2003 SP1 Server Install RIS
Install patch from the WAIK: windows_deployment_services_update.exe
Installing WDS on a 2003 SP2 ServerControl Panel / Add/Remove Programs / Windows Components / WDS
WDS on Server 2008 (& 2008 R2)
Installing WDS on a 2008 serverServer Manager
Add Roles
Select Windows Deployment Services from the list of roles
2 checked boxesDeployment Server
Transport Server
Need both for a full WDS installation
Configuring WDS – Welcome
WDS snap-in
Expand WDS
Right-click your server “Configure Server”
Store Your Images
Adding The Images
Within the WDS snap-in
Add Boot imagesThese are WinPEs
Add .Wim Install imagesImage groups and single instancing
Capture an ImageModel machine configured exactly the way you want it:
Install an OS
Add and configure Applications
Desktop settings
SYSPREP-reseal switch
-generalize
PXE Boot to a Capture Image
Creating An Image Using WDSCreate a Capture Image
WDS snap-in -> open Boot Images
R-click one W7 or 2008 R2 boot.wim from DVD /Sources
Choose to Create Capture Image…Give it a name, description and path to store it
When the wizard completes add the newly created Capture Boot Image to your list of Boot Images
Adding a .VHD
Cannot be added in the UI
Use WDSUtil cli
Need a vhd image group
Can’t mix vhds and wims
No single instancing occurrs
WDSUtil /verbose /progress /add-image /imagefile:<Path> /imagetype:install / imagegroup:VHD
WDSUtil & VHD
Configuring WDS:Creating boot, capture and install imagesStarting the capture image
demo
WDS And DHCP on The Same Server?
In a Perfect WDS World
Bare-MetalDHCP/WDS
Discover IP
Acknowledge
WDS & DHCP
3 Scenarios1. WDS and DHCP on the same subnet/ different
servers Client will find WDS by broadcasting
2. WDS and DHCP on different subnets Client find WDS through options 66 and 67 set in DHCP
3. WDS & DHCP on same server Client must find WDS through Option 60 in DHCP
WDS & DHCP Same Subnet
Bare-Metal
DHCP
WDS
Discover IP/PXE Server
Discover IP/PXE Server
WDS & DHCP Different Subnets
Bare-Metal
DHCP
WDS
Discover IP/PXE Server
Acknowledge
Request
WDS & DHCP on The Same Machine
Bare-MetalWDS/DHCPDiscover IP
Acknowledge
DHCP Configuration – Separate BOX
Option 66 and type in the computer name of the WDS
Option 67 and type in '\boot\x86\wdsnbp.com‘
Option 43 – 010400000000FF
WDS Server Responds To…
Known Clients: Pre-staged in ADUC
Pre-staging The GUID
Which WDS Server?
Starting the capture process
demo
From the Client
PXE boot screens
Pending Devices
Message from Administrator
Client Wizard
PXE boot
Unknown Clients & Approval
Unknown Clients
Message From Administrator
How do you set a message from the administrator?
On the WDS server from a command prompt type:
WDSUtil /set-server /AutoAddPolicy/message:"To contact your network administrator please dial 123-4567“
Pending Devices
Can’t use PXE
Create a Discover Image
WDS snap-in -> expand Boot Images
R-click a boot image W7 or 2008 R2 boot.wim from DVD /Sources
Choose to Create Discover Image…Give it a name, description, path to store it and name of WDS server to connect to
Using the WAIK tools create a bootable .ISO that contains the new discover .wim
Burn to CD/DVD, USB, external HD
Boot the WDS Client to receive the image
demo
Traffic On The Network
WDS sends packet 1 to client1
WDS sends packet 1 to client2
WDS sends packet 1 to client3
WDS sends packet 1 to all clients
WDS sends packet 1 to client1,
client5 client9, client22
WDS Server 2008 R2 Multicast Enhancements
Multiple Stream TransferMultiple streams of traffic
Optimized rates based onclient connection
Client Auto RemovalSlower clients can be dropped to unicast or entirely (only in standard multicast)
Boot Image MulticastWindows PE boot images can use multicast (clients with EFI)
Fast
Medium
Slow
Clients
Multicast
WDS Server
Multicast Transmission
First client joins “transmission”
Clients
WDS Server
Multicast Transmission
Waiting for other clients to join…
Multicast
Clients with multiple transfer speeds
WDS Server
Multicast Transmission
Additional clients join stream
Multicast
Fastest Medium Slowest Medium
Clients with multiple transfer speeds
WDS Server
Multicast Transmission
More clients to join
Multicast
FastestMedium Slowest Medium FastestMedium Medium
Clients with multiple transfer speeds
WDS Server
Multicast
Last clients complete…
Multicast
Medium MediumSlowest
Clients
WDS Server
Multicast
All clients complete. Transmission ends.
Multicast
Creating Multicast Transmissions
2 ways to create a multicast transmission from within the WDS snap-in
Right-click Multicast Transmissions and choose Create Multicast Transmission
ORDrill down to your Install Image and right-click the image then choose Create Multicast Transmission
THENName the Multicast Transmission
Choose the image
Automatic OR Scheduled Cast?
Automate The InstallationCustomize your own file using WSIM tool from WAIK
Server 2003 & XPWinnt.sif
Sysprep.inf
Server 2008, Vista and later OsesWindows System Image Manager (WSIM)
.xml scripts
Image Capture Process
Mount the image (imagex) capture boot image, copy wdscapture.inf to Windows\system32\, re-insert to WDS
Sample unattend files: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc732280(WS.10).aspx
Unattend.xml scriptsYou will need 2 scripts
WinPE PhaseLanguage of installation
Keyboard layout
Credentials for Image
Which Image to install
Disk Configuration (partitioning)
Where to install the image
The rest of the installation (specialize and OOBE)Computer name
User account
Time zone
Where To Put The Scripts
WinPE script (WDS Client)Unattend.xml
Store script in RemoteInstall\WDSClientUnattendfolder
WDS snap-in -> R-click server -> Properties Client tab
Enable unattended installation
Browse to WinPE script
Sets the script for all computers of that architecture
Sets the script for all architectureWDSUTIL /Set-Server /WDSUnattend /Policy:enabled/File:wdsclientunattend\unattend.xml /Architecture:<arch>.
Scripts For a Specific Machine
New computer must be pre-staged in ADUC
On WDS server cmd type:WDSUtil /Set-Device /Device:computername/ID:GUID or MAC /WDSClientUnattend:path & name of unattend.xml
Example:
WDSUtil /Set-Device /Device:Client1 /ID:{8FD14D56-A2B0-6F06-2A00-FD3979EC51A1} /WDSClientUnattend:C:\UF\Unattend.xml
The Image Script
Properties of the Image file in WDSGeneral tab
Allow image to install in unattended mode
Select File
Browse to answer file
Can be stored anywhere
Can be named anything you choose
For XP / 2003Save SYSPREP.INF to the $OEM$ structure of the image (D:\RemoteInstall\Images\Windows XP\winxpsp2\$OEM$\$1\sysprep\sysprep.inf).
Boot the WDS Client to receive the image - Unattend mode
demo
Modifying an Image.vhd can be serviced offline
RemoteInstall folderImages
Find your .vhd
Use Diskpart to attach the vhd
Use DISM to add packages, drivers, enable/disable windows components
.wim can be patched using WSIM scriptsAdd your packages to the Install script
OR
Disable image / export image /service offline with DISM
Logs to Check
The logs that contain useful troubleshooting information are found in the %Windows% folder.
Setupact.log
Setuperr.log
Verbose loggingDeployment Services Diagnostics logs (event viewer)HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WDSServer\Providers\WdsImgSrv\ClientLogging
Enabled (0 / 1)
LogLevel (0 / 1 / 2 / 3)
What we CoveredInstalling & configuring WDS
Pre-staging clients
Adding .vhd vs .wim images
Customizing PXE boot process
Deploying an image
Multicast transmissions
Automating the Installations
Create and modifying an image
Performance and troubleshooting logs
Thomas Leung & Chris TsuiMicrosoft ServicesMicrosoft Hong Kong LimitedSession Code: WCL332
Windows 7 DeploymentTips and Tricks in Reality World
Image Deployment
Image DeploymentTraditional Image Cloning
Model A
Model B
Image A
Image BSysprep
Image DeploymentDynamic Driver Provisioning
Client
WDS Server
WIM Images Drivers
Driver targeting to match drivers to hardware
Reduces image size and centralizes deployment driver management
Product Activation
Image Deployment
Windows 7 DeploymentTips and Tricks in Reality World
Product ActivationKey Management Service (KMS)
KMS Host KMS Client
InternalExternal
O n e T i m e
DNS
Product Activation
Image Deployment
User State Migration
Windows 7 DeploymentTips and Tricks in Reality World
User State MigrationHard-link Migration Store
For use in computer-refresh only
Enables local file migration without copying or moving files
Scans the computer for user files and settings then creates a directory of links to those files using hard-links
Hard-links are then remapped into the appropriate locations in new operating system
Processes migration jobs in less time using megabytes of disk space instead of gigabytes
Product Activation
Deployment Image
Domain Group Policy
Object
User State Migration
Windows 7 DeploymentTips and Tricks in Reality World
Domain Group Policy ObjectRemote Server Administration Tools (RSAT)
Windows 7 joins Windows Server 2003 Domain
Install Microsoft Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT)
Open Group Policy Management Tools to create Group Policy Object
Product Activation
Image Deployment
Domain Group Policy
ObjectGroup Policy Script
User State Migration
Windows 7 DeploymentTips and Tricks in Reality World
Group Policy ScriptAdministrative Token vs Limited User Token
Admin
User
1
Group Policy Script
Printer
Drive
Failed
OK
Windows Explorer protects
your machine against malware
Group Policy ScriptTechnical Suggestions
Don’t add users to the local Administrators group on the workstation
Detect Windows 7 and create a scheduled task run a logon script via Task Scheduler
Product Activation
Image Deployment
Domain Group Policy
ObjectGroup Policy Script
User State Migration
Windows 7 DeploymentTips and Tricks in Reality World
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© 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS,
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