Ken Lin, Kam HungCommittee of UNSW Alumni HKFounder and VP of Hong Kong .NET User Group MCDST, MCSA, MCSE+I, MCDBA, MCSD, MCAD, MCITPMicrosoft Community Star (Hong Kong & Taiwan)Microsoft Most Valuable Professional , MCTVB Insider, Data Access Insider, SourceCode K2 InsiderWCL319

Pre-release Data

Windows 7 data is indicative only. The data presented here is derived from pre-release product and subject to change.

Existing data will also vary due to many characteristics including system configuration, OEM images that have been upgraded, 3rd party/custom applications and hardware/drivers.

Performance Engineering Themes for Windows 7

Focus on key user scenarios

Favor system responsiveness rather than benchmarks

Build a leaner OS and use resources more effectively

Leverage real-world telemetry to improve performance before we ship

On/Off Transitions

System Boot (Clean OS)Efficiency improvements in boot paths

Only starting certain services when they are needed (Demand start)

Allowing multiple device drivers to start at the same time (Parallelization)

An overall reduction in the memory and CPU required to start and run the graphics system.

Industry driver improvements esp. Graphics

Folder Redirection used to block logon, now asynchronous

Vista SP1

Windows 7

NOTE: Results are indicative. Will varywith different systems and differing hardware configurations

Lower is better

Tim

e

NOTE: Systems must be booted at least 5 times to get accurateboot pre-fetcher behavior and correct boot times

System Boot (impact of 3rd party software)

Comparing the released image with Vista SP1 to that same image upgraded to Windows 7

Still see improvements but can be dramatically different to clean install

Working closely with the PC ecosystem

Vista SP1 OEM

Windows 7 Upgrade

NOTE: Results are indicative. Will varywith different systems and third party software

Lower is better

Tim

e

Hibernate / Sleep Changes in Windows 7

Improving the order in which the information is saved or restored to disk (asynchronous vs. synchronous writes, write size)

Write less to disk during hibernate

Maximizing the performance power state of the processor during Hibernate and Resume from Hibernate

Reduction of system timers during resumeCan dramatically affect system responsiveness post-resume

Can be dramatically affected by driversWorking with our hardware partners to improve driver efficiency for these scenarios

ShutdownReduction of service shutdown timeout

20s -> 12s

(client SKUs only)

More aggressive user application shutdown

Look for services taking long time to shutdown

in the Event log

Event LogApplications and Services Logs/Microsoft/Windows/Diagnostics-Performance

Responsiveness

SuperFetch in Windows 7Quieter & further optimized

Better self tuning through analysis of real user traces

Significant decrease in pre-fetching when the user is active

Turns off when the computer has a good SSD (Solid State Drive)

Windows Experience Index Disk score of 6.5+

No pre-fetching, not tracking usage and priority (no long term history)

Reduced pre-fetching overall , especially for

Large sequentially accessed files

Write-only files (like log files)

Low memory machines

Guidance: Don’t disable SuperFetch: let it scale back

NOTE: Disabling SuperFetch turns off ReadyBoost and will also affect boot times

SuperFetch + Process Monitor

Microsoft Confidential

Internet Explorer 8Changes in the IE startup path to get requests on the wire earlier while IE initializes tab and plug-ins.

Loosely-Coupled IE (LCIE ) replaces synchronous Windows messaging with asynchronous mechanisms

Greater Responsiveness

Improved HTML pre-parserPage content downloads are no longer blocked by JScript and CSS downloads

Many CPU saving improvements:JScript, DOM/CSS, Registry, Anti-phishing & layout

Per-host connection limit increased from 2 to 6 connections.

Will only impact performance on some sites dependent on number of files per host

Consideration: IE performance impacted by third party toolbars and plug-ins. Should evaluate with and without these components

IE7 IE8

Example download: Effect of some IE8 performance optimizations. NOTE: Dependent on content structure

Wireless Reconnect ImprovementsWLAN Stack

Fine tuned connection engine, stricter timers during resume

DHCPCaches multiple valid leases for previously connected networks and associate them with Wi-Fi Networks. Use cached leases instead of getting new

DHCP used to wait for duplicate address detection in Vista, not in Windows 7 (can save up to 3 sec)

Smart Web Proxy Auto Detection (SWPAD) for WinHTTP clients (includes Outlook)

Added caching for Web-Proxy information on per network basis.

RPC/Https avoids this potential 15second delay by using cached information on networks visited before.

Significant reconnect improvements when combined with Outlook 2007 SP2

Network connections UI in Windows 7

Questions!

Q: In Windows Vista, how many ReadyBoost cache supported?

A: 1 per machine

Questions!

Q: In Windows Vista, what is the max size per ReadyBoost cache?

A: 4 Gb

ReadyBoostFor workloads that don’t fit in available DRAM acts as a supplemental memory cache

Choosing a ReadyBoost device: Size before speed

ReadyBoost cache should be approx 4X DRAM size (was 2X in Vista)

Windows 7 changes:More ReadyBoost caches

Vista supported only 1 per machine, Windows 7 supports 8 per machine

Larger ReadyBoost caches

Vista supported max 4gb per cache, W7 supports 32GB per cache

OEMs/System Builders can configure internal ReadyBoost devices to maximize performance (remove compression, encryption)

Can be significant on PCs with low-end processors and small amounts of RAM

Questions!

Q: In Windows 7, a machine with a GOOD SSD installed, could I be able to turn on the ReadyBoost?

A: No, you could not.

Disk Performance VariationDisk behavior can have a MAJOR impact on system responsiveness

Important to be aware of disk capabilities –WINEI disk score

Concerning drive issues surfaced in WINEI “View and Printdetailed performance and system information” UI

Disk Time in IO range by drive (developer)

Disk Time in IO range by drive (knowledge worker)

Disk Time in IO range by drive (unclassified user type)

SSDs

GoodBad

Resources / Memory

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

System 1 System 2 System 3 System 4 System 5 System 6 System 7 System 8

Vista SP1

Windows 7

General Memory SavingsDeep review of memory usage of Windows components/subsystems at runtime

Over 500 memory reductions / enhancements (savings) changes across windows kernel and key runtime components

Device support

File system

Storage

Kernel

Networking

Security Components

XML

WMI

Remote File system

Terminal Server

Shell

Desktop / Graphics

Media

IE NOTE: System memory use is significantly affected by graphics and other third partycomponent memory utilization. Results will vary from system to system

Lower is better

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Memory Reference Set

Memory Reference Set: Measures physical memory pages required to support the OS independent of installed RAM, memory manager, or system caching policies

Measured through memory manager instrumentation & used for regression analysis

Task Manager (In Use)

Memory Reference Set

NOTE: System memory use is significantly affected by graphics and other third partycomponent memory utilization. Results will vary from system to system

Lower is better

Memory SavingsGDI Application Windows WDDM v1.1More open windows, more savings

Memory Saving: One system memory surface per window

Savings in addition to other memory savings

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 5 7 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

WDDM v1.1

WDDM v1.0

Number of Windows

Windows Vista Model(System memory consumed by 1 window) = (Horizontal screen resolution) X (Vertical Screen Resolution ) X 4 bytes

MB

Lower is better

Windows Vista architecture of GDI concurrency

Windows 7 architecture of GDI concurrency

Improving Heap Growth Over Time

-

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Lower is better

Time Example: Long running growth of memory heaps for one process over time

Vista

Windows 7

Trigger Start of ServicesService Trigger Events

Triggers include

Device arrival/removal, IP address change, domain join, etc.

Examples

Bluetooth service is started only if a Bluetooth radio is currently attached

BitLocker encryption service started only when new volumes detected

Results38 services trigger / demand started in Windows 7

Benefits: Faster Boot, Shutdown, Resume, Memory

Savings: 10’s of thousands of file operations

>50MB of memory allocations

>30,000 registry operations

Hundreds of threads saved

Windows 7 Energy Efficiency Investments

Core improvements with strong focus on Idle efficiencyBackground Activity

Device Power Management

Power Policy Enhancements

Display dimming after inactivity

Powercfg /energy (to help OEMs/system builders deal with power issues on their systems)

Workload ScalingDVD Optimizations

Processor Power Management

Power Management

Microsoft Confidential

Windows 7 DVD Power Consumption

System A System B System C

Bat

tery

Lif

e (

min

ute

s)

Battery Rundown Test

Windows Vista SP1 Windows 7

Higher is better

Real World Usage Data / Telemetry

TelemetryPre-releases report back telemetry on key user interactions

Guided our optimization decisions /effort

Validates our lab performance with real-world data

Leverage Telemetry investments

Identifies third party components that affect Windows performance

Ongoing engagement with industry

Build 7000: Start Menu Distribution

Build 7033: Start Menu Distribution

Windows Performance ToolkitA key resource for deep Windows performance analysis

Wide support for range of OSsVista, Server 2008, Windows 7, Server 2008 R2

Cross architecture: x86, x64, and Itanium

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/performance/default.aspx

Contains tool suiteAlso includes GPUView

Expect to see more tools in Windows 7 RTM SDK

to enable performance analysis on Windows

Performance Analyzer,Resource and Performance Monitor

Microsoft Confidential

ReferencesWindows Performance Toolkit

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc305187.aspx

Engineering Windows 7 Blog:http://blogs.msdn.com/e7/

Windows PC Acceleratorshttp://download.microsoft.com/download/9/c/5/9c5b2167-8017-4bae-9fde-d599bac8184a/perfaccel.doc

Mobile Battery Life Solutions Guide

http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/pnppwr/mobile_bat.mspx

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/performance/default.aspx

Upcoming WhitepapersWindows 7 On/Off Solutions Guide

Windows 7 On/Off Analysis Guide

Windows 7 Performance Testing Guide

Windows 7 Memory Considerations

www.microsoft.com/teched

Sessions On-Demand & Community

http://microsoft.com/technet

Resources for IT Professionals

http://microsoft.com/msdn

Resources for Developers

www.microsoft.com/learningMicrosoft Certification and Training Resources

www.microsoft.com/learning

Microsoft Certification & Training Resources

Resources

© 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS,

IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.