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The Dark Side of the New Deal
How Japanese Internment Camps marred the images of
FDR and the New Deal
Historical Context 1920s –
• “The Roaring Twenties”• A time of increasing prosperity for most
Americans.• American economic output / production was
at an all-time high.• However, the good times did not last
indefinitely.
Historical Context 1930s –
• The world sunk into an economic downturn.• This was furthered by the Smoot-Hawley Tariff
Act of 1930. Created protectionism for American goods in the U.S. 20,000 imported goods were subject to the tariff. Backlash formed, as other nations put up tariffs
against American goods in protest. International commerce all but shut down. Signed into law by Pres. Herbert Hoover. Thus began the Great Depression.
Historical Context Hoover was immediately voted out of
office in favor of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
o This New York Democrat ran on balancing the budget and defeating the economic depression.
o Inaugurated in March of 1933.
FDR and the Great Depression
Roosevelt was vested with the responsibility of defeating the Great Depression.
Unemployment was in the double digits.
Roosevelt created the New Deal and spent unheard of amounts of taxpayer money trying to stimulate the economy.
FDR and the Great Depression Roosevelt created agencies like the
Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC), the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), and the Work Projects Administration (WPA) in order to combat the rising unemployment rate and the sinking economy.
1930s – Global Tension Rising
Because of the global economic depression, some countries began to exhibit disturbing behaviors.
Germany –• The Germans were still suffering the
economic consequences of World War I. • Combined with the global depression,
Germans were severely hurting. • Enter Adolf Hitler
World War II Germany’s Adolf Hitler started World
War II when he ordered German forces into Poland.
The world descended further into chaos.
Soon, Europe was enveloped in war. But the conflict and chaos was not
confined to European soil. Japan, in 1937, began the invasion of
China.
Japan in WWII The Tripartite Pact –
• Signed by Germany, Italy, and Japan in 1940.
Japan, led by Hirohito (aka Emperor Showa) and Prime Minister Tojo, decided to bomb the U.S. port of Pearl Harbor in Hawai’i on December 7th, 1941.
TOJO Hirohito USS West Virginia
Japan Attack on Pearl Harbor
On Dec. 7th, 1941, Japanese forces bombed Pearl Harbor.• 4 U.S. battleships and 2 U.S. destroyers
sunk• 188 U.S. aircraft destroyed• 2,345 military personnel and 57 civilians
were killed
Executive Order 9066 FDR responded to the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor by issuing Executive Order 9066.• This ordered the internment of Americans of
Japanese descent into concentration camps throughout the United States. Most camps were in the American West and
Southwest. FDR stoked the fears of Americans by
suggesting the Americans of Japanese descent might actually be spies.
Anti-Japanese Racism
oTIME Magazine: How to Tell Your Friends from the Japs
Executive Order 9066 This order by FDR is the dark side of the
New Deal. It was fueled by wartime hysteria and fears.
Signed February 19th, 1942 – • Japanese-Americans’ “Day of Infamy.”
Irony – • U.S. leaders put Americans of Japanese descent
into these concentration camps.• Later, the U.S. denounced the Jewish internment
camps by Nazi Germans.• Double standard?
Executive Order 9066 "I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War, and the
Military Commanders whom he may from time to time designate, whenever he or any designated Commander deems such action necessary or desirable, to prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he or the appropriate Military Commander may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remaining, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander may impose in his discretion. The Secretary of War is hereby authorized to provide for residents of any such area who are excluded there from, such transportation, food, shelter, and other accommodations as may be necessary, in the judgment of the Secretary of War or the said Military Commander, and until other arrangements are made, to accomplish the purpose of this order."
-Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Japanese Internment Camps
Japanese Internment Camps
Japanese Internment Camps
Japanese Internment Camps
Stain on American History The Japanese Internment camps
represent an enormous stain on American history.
This period of history directly mars the work of FDR and the New Deal.
Thousands of American of Japanese decent were forced to enter these camps.
The pure irrationality and racism is without question a horrid moment in our history.
Questions to Ponder Why is this history largely dismissed
as minor? What are the consequences of the
Executive Order 9066? What lessons should we draw from
this stain on American history?
Outside Resources http://education.eastwestcenter.org/a
siapacificed/ph2006/PH2006projects/9.htm
https://coreycr0708.wikispaces.com/file/view/Order_9066.jpg
http://www.strike-the-root.com/4/powers/powers1.html
http://bss.sfsu.edu/internment/executiorder9066.html