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How Big is a Nanometer?
Adapted from Nanosense
http://nanosense.org/activities/sizematters/properties/SM_PropSlides.ppt
STEM ED/CHM Nanotechnology @ NSTA 2008
www.umassk12.net/nano
• Educational materials (including today)
www.umassk12.net/nano/handouts.html
• Summer institute www.umassk12.net/nano/flyer.html
Adapted from Nanosense
• This activity– http://nanosense.org/activities/sizematters/sizeandsca
le/SM_Lesson2Teacher.pdf
• On our website – www.umassk12.net/nano/NSTA
• Other useful nanoscience materials– http://nanosense.org/index.html
• Other nanotechnology and power of ten resources:– http://www.umassk12.net/nano/resources.htm
How Big is a Nanometer?
IBM chip UMass Logo TI mirror array
The Nano Scale
Nano materials are typically 1 to 100 nanometers in size
1 nanometer = 1/1,000,000,000 meters
How do such materials fit into the overall scale of objects in nature?
And how big is a nanometer in terms of something basic?
We’ll use powers of ten
• Handy way to express very large or very small numbers.
• Easier than writing lots of zeros!
106 • reads 'ten to the 6' • is 1 followed by 6 zeros, 1,000,000 • is 1.0 with the point moved right by 6 places
Negative powers of 10
10-6
• reads 'ten to the minus 6'
• is 1 divided by 106 , 1/1,000,000
• is 1.0 with the point moved left by six places, 0.000,001
How big is a meter?
~ 1 meter
~2 metersWidth?
Height?
101 meters = 10 meters
Adapted from http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/Microcosm/P10/english/welcome.html
100 meter = 1 meter
10-1 meters = 0.1 meters
fly
10-2 meters = 0.01m
1 centimeter = 1 cm
10-3 meters = 0.001 meters
Fly’s eye
1 millimeter = 1 mm
10-4 meters = 0.0001 meters
Fly’s eye as seen with electron microscope
10-5 meters = 0.00001 meters
Red blood cells
10-6 meters = 0.000,001 meters
Bacteria
10-7 meters = 0.000,000,1 meters
Computer Chip details
10-7 meters
10-8 meters = 0.000,000,01 meters
“Quantum corral” of iron atoms on a copper surface
10-9 meters = 0.000,000,001 meters(1 nanometer = 1 nm)
DNA
3 nanometers
10-10 meters = 0.000,000,000,1 meters
Carbon atom, with 6 electrons and a nucleus
10-14 meters = 0.000,000,000,000,01 meters
Carbon nucleus,
made up of 6 protons and 6 neutrons
10-15 meters = 0.000,000,000,000,001 meters
Proton (or neutron) composed of 3 quarks
1 femtometer = 1 fm
So how big is a nanometer?
Carbon atom diameter ~ 10-10 m
10 x 10-10 m = 10-9 m
1 nanometer ~ 10 atoms wide
Nano wires and tubes are 1-100 x 10 atoms in diameter
Nano films are a 1-100 x 10 atoms in thickness
Nano particles are 1 to 100 x 10 atoms in diameter
The Size Me Challenge
• Each team has an envelope containing– A 3 page list of powers of ten– 24 picture cards
• Place each card next to the appropriate power of ten– Size matches will be approximate – Some matches will be easy, some will be
hard!
That’s all for now