HOUSES

INTRODUCTION

Evolution of styles

Typology

Interpretation of the styles in regional context

TIMELINE evolution of styles1890

ARTS & CRAFT •artist and writer William Morris (1834–1896)  •writings of John Ruskin (1819–1900) • Augustus Pugin (1812–1852) 

ART NOUVEAU• influenced by nature and curved lines• ornamentation

STYLE• aesthetic design and decoration• drawing upon past historical precedence STYLE

• Victorian style accent as the building design idea either its exterior or interior design

Casa Mila - Gaudi

1890ADOLF LOOS• architect writer • pure architecture

FRANK LLYOD WRIGHT• modernism

STYLE•  functionalist• “ornament is a crime” STYLE

• a building is only organic when the exterior •And the interior exist in unison, and when bothAre in harmony

TIMELINE evolution of styles

TIMELINE evolution of styles1910- 1920 : FIRST MODERNS

MODERNATION & INDUSTRIALIZATION• glass give us the new age, the culture of bricks only give us pain• Walter Gropius

STYLE• functionality• industrial practicality• uitilitarian

TIMELINE evolution of styles1910- 1920 : FIRST MODERNS

NEO CLASSICISM• search for national style

Hodek Apartment block

EXPRESSIONISM• the way to a variety in colour and form

CUBISM• deconstructed and reassembled form• basic geometric form

FUTURISM• breaking into modernity• futuristic

TIMELINE evolution of styles1920 : INTERNATIONAL STYLE

DE STIJL• Expressionist architecture of the Amsterdam school• Avant - garde• influenced by Frank Llyod Wright + French cubist• Piet Mondrian: cubic structure of form

Gerrit Thomas Rietveld, Schroder house

TIMELINE evolution of styles1920 : INTERNATIONAL STYLE

BAUHAUS• Desau Germany; Weimar art school•Radical modernization of the art• Walter Gropius• Mies Van de Rohe : Less is MORE

Hans Scharoun, Residential block, Berlin 1931

Space full of light and air for working masses

TIMELINE evolution of styles1940 : AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE

EUROPE MEETS US• Rudolph Schindler• Ridchard Neutra

Lovell Beach House, Schindler 1926

Space full of light and air for working masses

Lovell Health House, Neutra 1929

TIMELINE evolution of styles1945 - 1960 : GLOBALIZATION OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE

NEW BEGINNING AND CONTINUITY• Endof World War 2• People started to migrate• Eastern & Western Power Blocks

• INTERNATIONA L STYLE CAME BACK• reinforced concrete• glassy façade• unified style pushing regional architecture to the background

Eames House Santa Monica. 1949 : prototype house for prefabricated parts

TIMELINE evolution of styles1945 - 1960 : GLOBALIZATION OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE

OLD MASTERS – NEW BUILDINGSPhilip Johnson Glass House, 1949Glass façadeMinimal steel frame

OLD MASTERS – NEW BUILDINGSFarnsworth House, illinois, AmericaMies Van DeRohe : Less is More

TIMELINE evolution of styles1960 - 1970 : CAPITALISM vs SOCIALISM

MAKING A REVOLUTION (Swinging sixties, socialism, Marxism)BRUTALISM : The New OpennessReinforced concrete were laid bareHonest architecture : ethicalLouis I KhanLe Corbusier

initial inspiration of the Brutalist architectural style and philosophyrough-cast concretesteel frame proved too expensive in light of post-War shortages

Unité d'habitation

TIMELINE evolution of styles1970 - 1980 : HIGH TECH & POST MODERNISM

Late ModernismStructural Expressionism•prominent display of the building's •technical and functional components, •orderly arrangement•pre-fabricated elements. •Glass walls and steel frames

John Hancock Center  Chicago, Illinois, United States 1969

 structural expressionist X-braced exterior shows that the structure's skin is part of its 'tubular system'. the structure that keeps the building upright during wind and earthquake loadsLake Shore Drive Apartments, Mies

TIMELINE evolution of styles1970 - 1980 : HIGH TECH & POST MODERNISM

The Return to STYLE•Produce social context to the inhabitants of residents• slums in a box format• 1960s movement interest in historical forms• Robert Venturi : Less is a BORE

Vanna Venturi House 1962: building poetically, asymmetry symmetry,

TIMELINE evolution of styles1970 - 1980 : HIGH TECH & POST MODERNISM

The Return to STYLE•Charles Moore: Plaza d Italia in New Orleans attack on Functionalism

AT & T Building (now SONY building) Phillip Johnsson

TIMELINE evolution of styles1990 – 2000s: In a GLANCE

DECONSTRUCTIONFrank O GehrySearch for new architectureInfluenced by Modernism & Russian Constructivistarchitecture in the lenses of new century, where everything takes new shapes and new appearance.

stimulating unpredictability and a controlled chaos

TIMELINE evolution of styles1990 – 2000s: In a GLANCE

HIGH – TECH EXPRESSIONStructural expressionism

HSB Turning Torso Robles Arquitectos, beach Villa inCosta Rica, 2010 

Hover House 3,  Glen Irani Architects, Venice Canals of Los Angeles,  

SUSTAINABILITYReduction instead of expression

FEMINIZATION OF URBAN LIVINGfeminization of the home, began in the 17th century, as one of the most important events in the evolution toward modern households.

the invention and spread of electricity as a source of power in the 19th and 20th centuries was a game-changer for women.

the "rise of the female influence" has resulted in the suburbanization of urban living, with its large, single-family houses.

It is the women who most often decide what community and what house a family will live in. Like no time in human history, women today are focused on the design of their home. The home is the woman's castle.

The advent of the professional working women has dramatically changed how we live. Their second income results in more money to buy bigger houses with more comforts, conveniences and privacy.

The increased family income buys separate bedrooms for everyone, along with a separate dining room, kitchen nook and family room.

This includes the master bedroom - the "homeowner's retreat" - with its spa-like bathroom, huge walk-in-closet and king-sized master bed.- Rybczynski

TYPOLOGYTERRACE HOUSE

TYPOLOGYCOURTYARD HOUSE

The immigrant Chinesebrought the styles to Malaysia Sekeping Tenggiri, Seksan

TYPOLOGYDETACHED HOUSE : bungalow

Contemporary modern Campbell House, Jalan Campbell : style Vernacular

TYPOLOGYSEMI-DETACHED HOUSE : Semi-D

TYPOLOGYAPARTMENTS : Service apartments, Condominiums, Penthouse, Studios complex, Flat

TYPOLOGYAPARTMENTS

GLOBALISATION of architecture in REGIONAL context

CLIMATIC RESPONSE in the URBAN HOUSE

How far can the architects act as a mediator between local and global aspirations given the fundamental ambiguities that exist in Asian societies?The age of simultaneous realities is upon us, and their capacity to co-exist in an eclectic and sometimes syncretic manner is a positive trait. Many architects attempt to synthesize the multiple strands ofinfluence with the varying degrees of success. There were early attempt to be local and “authentic”, but we are now seeing the encompassing of many different influence, which has led to wide degree of experimentation and eclectic expression in architecture-Hasan Udin Khan

•The persistent challenge in Urban setting

• Fortress of solitude

•Urban pollution

•Crime

•an openness in facade and planning•flexibility in both air-con and natural ventilation•open to sky living spaces•Roof terrace•Landscape and water integral part of the design•shifting patterns of sun and shadows

ARCHITECTURAL issuesAMBIGUOUS SPACE

• A relationship between two opposing elements can be achieved by placing spatial distance or temporal distance between them-Kisho Kurokawa

•The architects intention was to explore the incidental space, the space ‘in between”, the transitional space.•The central atrium space is like a street am almost public space, fragment of the landscape coming into the house.•Non defined spaces will become defined or redefined by human activity and events when the house is visited and inhabited.

Location:Site Area:Total Floor Area:Structure:

Bangi, Selangor983 sqm520 sqmReinforced concrete & steelDec 1996 - 1997

ARCHITECTURAL issuesCONCEALMENT AND EXPOSURE

•URBAN DWELLERS:•Transparency vs. enclosure•Exposure vs. concealment•Individuality vs. anonymity

•EVERTON ROAD HOUSE in SINGAPORE• sophisticated and private lifestyle behind a suitably anonymous exterior

•LEM HOUSE in SINGAPORE• simultaneous desire for recognition in animosity (privacy)

ARCHITECTURAL issuesHOUSE AS MEMORIES

•Layers of memories are evoked where new meanings are constantly being inscribed an re inscribed upon the text• diverse culture references from Malaysia, China and Australia

ARCHITECTURAL issuesHOUSE AS A MICROCOSM OF THE CITY

•THE LIM HOUSE, Jimmy Lim

•It is simultaneously with a city in constant change and evolution: research centre, music academy, resource library, meditation centre, an antique shop, a garage, a restoration yard, an aviary, an observatory an ancestral home and temple.

•Mood of the House:•Quiet restful nooks•Formal and informal places•Expansive semi public places•Soaring atrium

RETURN of the NATIVEHOUSES CAN BE MODERN SIMULTANEOUSLY BE ROOTED IN ONES CULTURE

•It is a mistake to regard the Post Modernism as a chaotic transitional periods. The appearance of a highly differentiated architecture, the eruption of the evocation of the information age, The evocation of meaning through difference requires a keen sensitivity as an essential prerequisite. •- Kisho Kurokawa

•It is arguably necessary to step outside a culture for a period in order to more thoroughly appreciate, be sensitive to and critical of it. In time one would then be able to discard aspects of tradition which no longer have relevance.•The returning native brings shaper perception of his and her own culture and with it the confidence to transform it.

http://interiorfans.com/art-nouveau-architecture-by-oleg-carlson/

http://freshome.com/2011/01/17/think-green-10-best-sustainable-homes-of-2010/