Horse

The Horse is a single-hooved (ungulate) mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature into the large, single-toed animal of today. Horses in the subspecies caballus are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses. These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski’s Horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Perissodactyla

Family: Equidae

Genus: Equus

Species: E. ferus

Subspecies: E. f. caballus

Classification

The horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight or flight instinct. Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down. gestation lasts for approximately 335–340 days and usually results in one foal, twins are rare in horses. Horses are a precocial species, and foals are capable of standing and running within a short time following birth. Horses are herbivores with a digestive system adapted to a forage diet of grasses and other plant material, consumed steadily throughout the day. Therefore they have a relatively small stomach but very long intestines to facilitate a steady flow of nutrients.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse

1. Third metacarpal 2. Palmar recess of fetlock joint capsule3. Proximal sesamoid bone4. Distal sesamoidean ligaments5. Deep digital flexor tendon6.Distal limit of digital sheath7. T ligament8. Collateral sesamoidean ligaments joined on navicular bone9.Navicular bone (distal sesamoid bone)10. Navicular bursa

11. Digital cushion12. Distal sesamoidean impar ligament13. Hoof wall14. Distal phalanx (coffin bone)15. Periople16. Middle phalanx17. Dorsal pouch of pastern joint18. Proximal phalanx19. Common distal extensor tendon20. Dorsal pouch of fetlock

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1. Bulbs of the heels2. Central groove3. Collateral groove4. Apex of frog5. White line

6. Internal layer7. Middle layer8.Sole9. Bar10. Angle of the wall

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